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388:(3 semitones). Since there are 3 third intervals in a seventh chord (4 notes) and each can be major or minor, there are 7 possible permutations (the 8th one, consisted of four major thirds, results in a non-seventh augmented chord, since a major third equally divides the octave). The five commonly found in western music are the major seventh, the minor (or minor/minor) seventh, the dominant (or major/minor) seventh, the half-diminished seventh, and the diminished seventh. The less commonly found tertians are the minor major seventh and the augmented major seventh.
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1136:, the barbershop seventh chord may be accurately termed a harmonic seventh chord. The harmonic seventh chord is also widely used in blues-flavored music. As pianos, and other equal-temperament instruments cannot play this chord, it is frequently approximated by a dominant seventh. As a result, it is often called a dominant seventh chord and written with the same symbols (such as the blues progression I–V–IV).
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The note G is the dominant degree of C major—its fifth note. When we arrange the notes of the C major scale in ascending pitch and use only these notes to build a seventh chord, and we start with G (not C), then the resulting chord contains the four notes G–B–D–F and is called G dominant seventh (G).
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Sometimes called a "blue note", the harmonic seventh is used by singers, through note bending on guitars, and on other instruments not restricted to equal temperament. An often heard example of the harmonic seventh chord is the last word of the modern addition to the song "Happy
Birthday to You",
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Major seventh chords are usually constructed on the first or fourth degree of a scale, (in C or G major: C–E–G–B). Due to the major seventh interval between the root and seventh (C–B, an inverted minor second), this chord can sometimes sound dissonant, depending on the voicing used. For example,
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by the type of triad and type of seventh; hence, a chord consisting of a major triad and a minor seventh above the root is referred to as a major/minor seventh chord. When the triad type and seventh type are identical (i.e. they are both major, minor, or diminished), the name is shortened. For
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Seventh chords can also be constructed using augmented or diminished thirds. These chords are not tertian and can be used in non-tertian harmony. There are many (mathematically, 64) chords that can be built, however, only a few of them are used in
Western music.
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While the dominant seventh chord is typically built on the fifth (or dominant) degree of a major scale, the minor seventh chord is built on the second, third, or sixth degree. A minor seventh chord contains the same notes as an
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A half-diminished seventh chord is a seventh chord built from the seventh degree of a major scale. It is considered "half-diminished" because a fully diminished seventh has a double-flatted (diminished) seventh, making it
191:. The seventh destabilized the triad, and allowed the composer to emphasize movement in a given direction. As time passed and the collective ear of the western world became more accustomed to
356:. When the type is not specified at all, the triad is assumed to be major, and the seventh is understood as a minor seventh (e.g. a "C" chord is a "C major triad", and a "C" chord is a "
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seventh is generally referred to as a major seventh. This rule is not valid for augmented chords: since the augmented/augmented chord is not commonly used, the abbreviation
1311:; and for characterisation. The diminished seventh chord is seen more frequently in late classical and romantic period works but is also found in
1303:). The diminished seventh chord has been used by composers and musicians for a variety of reasons over time. Some reasons include: as a symbol of
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Of all the seventh chords, perhaps the most important is the dominant seventh. It was the first seventh chord to appear regularly in
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1016:. The name comes from the fact that the flat seventh occurs naturally in the scale built upon the root when it functions as the
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by adding a superscript "7" after the letter designating the chord root. The dominant seventh is found almost as often as the
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the same as a major sixth. The half-diminished seventh chord uses a minor seventh over the root of a diminished triad.
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with the lyrics, "and many more!" The harmony on the word "more" is typically sung as a harmonic seventh chord.
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All of the elements of the diminished seventh chord can be found in the dominant seventh flat nine (7
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A chord consisting of a triad plus a note forming an interval of a seventh above the chord's root
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Frequent use of the harmonic seventh chord is one of the defining characteristics of
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A diminished seventh chord is made of three superimposed minor thirds (e.g., B–D–F–A
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during the 19th century reduced the dissonance of some earlier forms of sevenths.
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Additional numbers are used to indicate the seventh chords and their inversions.
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consists of the pitches 440 Hz, 550 Hz, 660 Hz, and 770 Hz.
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The harmonic seventh chord is a dominant seventh chord formed by a
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from G, and is also called the dominant seventh with respect to G.
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The harmonic seventh interval is a minor seventh tuned in the 7:4
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In its earliest usage, the seventh was introduced solely as an
1524:. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions International. p.
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Take for example the C major scale (C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C):
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A dominant seventh chord, or major-minor seventh chord is a
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
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9) chord as seen in a comparison of the two chords.
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1252:The leading-tone seventh chord (vii) in C major, B
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1183:can function as both a C minor seventh and an E
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932:there are further possible seventh chords. In
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968:The dominant seventh chord (V) in C major, G
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1161:The minor seventh chord (ii) in C major, D–
362:Popular music symbols § Seventh chords
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1574:"17 Easy Jazz Guitar Chords For Beginners"
1265:Example: (in the key of C major) B–D–F–A.
1223:The major seventh is sometimes notated as
1199:The major seventh chord (IV) in C major, F
199:. Additionally, the general acceptance of
1351:notation, the inversions are as follows:
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729:Commonly used non-tertian seventh chords
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1319:period works, though not as frequently.
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14:
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1005:. The chord can be represented by the
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1495:Music: In Theory and Practice, Vol. I
197:nearly every chord is a seventh chord
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
24:
1098:plus a harmonic seventh interval.
376:, constructed using a sequence of
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1286:The diminished seventh chord on B
1218:Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head
319:Most textbooks name these chords
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1968:
1479:. University of Nebraska System.
1407:Dominant seventh flat five chord
34:
1473:"Equal Divisions of the Octave"
1089:The harmonic seventh chord on C
45:needs additional citations for
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1417:Diminished minor seventh chord
1412:Diminished major seventh chord
1347:of a seventh chord. Following
1231:(which has the same meaning).
1140:Major and minor seventh chords
1009:(0, 4, 7, 10).
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1:
1576:, Dirk Laukens, jazzguitar.be
1497:(7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
1450:(3rd ed.). p. 225.
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1427:Augmented minor seventh chord
1422:Augmented major seventh chord
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1241:Half-diminished seventh chord
1235:Half-diminished seventh chord
928:In tuning systems other than
189:embellishing or nonchord tone
1227:7 (a delta chord) or just a
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936:, for example, there is the
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1692:Dominant seventh flat five
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1549:Seventh chord - Inversions
1471:Hughes, Bryn (July 2021).
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2209:Chord names and symbols
1518:Mathieu, W. A. (1997).
1493:Benward; Saker (2003).
1189:added sixth (Id chord).
1080:download the audio file
1042:download the audio file
895:Major seventh flat five
678:Augmented major seventh
559:Half-diminished seventh
160:plus a note forming an
2092:Secondary leading-tone
1446:Kostka; Payne (1995).
1066:Harmonic seventh chord
1060:Harmonic seventh chord
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997:. It is denoted using
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951:Dominant seventh chord
751:of consecutive thirds
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141:dominant seventh chord
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999:popular music symbols
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2097:Secondary supertonic
1568:7th Chords on guitar
54:improve this article
1521:Harmonic Experience
1150:Minor seventh chord
1146:Major seventh chord
745:Intervals from root
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639:Minor major seventh
408:Intervals from root
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338:augmented/augmented
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128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
18:Seventh chords
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2252:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2123:Primary triad
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1575:
1572:
1570:, fretjam.com
1569:
1566:
1565:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1535:0-89281-560-4
1531:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1514:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1487:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1459:
1457:0-07-300056-6
1453:
1449:
1448:Tonal Harmony
1442:
1438:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1398:
1383:
1370:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1335:
1329:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1276:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1242:
1232:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1190:
1170:
1151:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1081:
1067:
1057:
1055:
1054:minor seventh
1043:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:minor seventh
992:
988:
987:perfect fifth
984:
980:
976:
958:
943:
941:
939:
935:
931:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
897:
894:
893:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
866:
864:
861:
860:
856:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
828:
823:
821:
818:
817:
813:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
785:
780:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
754:
750:
732:
726:
712:
709:
706:
703:
701:
698:
695:
686:
681:
679:
676:
675:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
647:
642:
640:
637:
636:
632:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
613:
604:
599:
597:
594:
593:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
567:
562:
560:
557:
556:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
529:
527:
524:
523:
519:
516:
513:
511:
508:
505:
503:
500:
493:
488:
486:
485:Minor seventh
483:
482:
478:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
448:
443:
441:
440:Major seventh
438:
437:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
417:
413:
395:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
322:
307:
295:
283:
274:
267:
258:
251:
242:
235:
226:
219:
208:
204:
202:
194:
190:
185:
183:
182:minor seventh
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
150:seventh chord
142:
124:
121:
113:
110:November 2012
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2027:Leading-tone
1804: /
1791:Tone cluster
1672:Leading-tone
1663:
1552:
1544:
1520:
1513:
1494:
1476:
1466:
1447:
1441:
1396:
1342:
1321:
1290:
1264:
1256:
1222:
1206:
1165:
1123:
1119:
1100:
1093:
1050:
1030:
1011:
972:
942:
926:
812:major second
723:
386:minor thirds
380:(spanning 4
378:major thirds
371:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
332:is used for
329:
325:
324:instance, a
320:
318:
186:
149:
147:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2012:Subdominant
1875:Grandmother
1732:Nondominant
1712:Minor-major
1317:Renaissance
1103:pitch ratio
1096:major triad
991:major triad
983:major third
734:Common name
720:Non-tertian
397:Common name
354:major/minor
352:stands for
344:stands for
326:major/major
178:major triad
2146:Techniques
2133:Substitute
2128:Subsidiary
2064:Neapolitan
2022:Submediant
2002:Supertonic
1775:Dominant 7
1765:Thirteenth
1697:Diminished
1649:Diminished
1433:References
1345:inversions
1332:Inversions
1309:modulation
921:augmented
918:diminished
909:diminished
887:diminished
878:diminished
837:diminished
807:diminished
737:Chord on C
623:diminished
618:diminished
578:diminished
400:Chord on C
193:dissonance
80:newspapers
2163:Chordioid
2079:Secondary
1895:Petrushka
1829:Seven six
1786:Polychord
1654:Suspended
1644:Augmented
1210:Bacharach
850:augmented
794:augmented
700:augmented
384:) and/or
382:semitones
330:augmented
2234:Category
2204:Arpeggio
2118:Contrast
2054:Borrowed
2049:Approach
2031:Subtonic
2017:Dominant
1989:Diatonic
1980:function
1936:Secundal
1838:Specific
1778:♯
1760:Eleventh
1747:Extended
1687:Dominant
1553:HK Piano
1401:See also
1325:♭
1300:♭
1294:♭
1186:♭
1180:♭
1174:♭
1018:dominant
853:(equiv.
810:(equiv.
350:dominant
321:formally
225:Dominant
162:interval
2069:Passing
2041:Altered
2007:Mediant
1946:Quartal
1941:Tertian
1924:General
1910:Tristan
1905:So What
1865:Elektra
1806:omitted
1664:Seventh
1618:By form
1313:Baroque
762:Seventh
749:Quality
660:perfect
541:perfect
506:perfect
464:perfect
425:Seventh
412:Quality
374:tertian
368:Tertian
166:seventh
94:scholar
2219:Factor
2173:Guitar
2113:Common
1956:Tetrad
1900:Psalms
1885:Mystic
1870:Farben
1850:Bridge
1824:Lydian
1611:Chords
1532:
1501:
1454:
1393:: FGBD
1381:: DFGB
1368:: BDFG
1355:: GBDF
1022:degree
890:major
713:minor
672:major
633:minor
590:major
553:minor
520:minor
479:major
348:, and
217:Play V
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2197:Other
2188:Slash
2183:Power
2158:Block
2153:Barre
2106:Other
1997:Tonic
1880:Magic
1860:Dream
1845:Alpha
1814:Sixth
1802:Added
1755:Ninth
1682:Minor
1677:Major
1639:Minor
1634:Major
1626:Triad
1214:David
1126:blues
989:-- a
975:chord
946:Types
915:major
912:major
906:major
884:major
881:minor
875:major
846:minor
843:minor
840:major
834:minor
803:major
800:major
797:minor
791:major
759:Fifth
756:Third
710:major
707:major
704:major
696:major
669:major
666:minor
663:major
657:minor
630:minor
627:minor
614:minor
587:minor
584:minor
581:minor
575:minor
550:minor
547:major
544:minor
538:major
517:major
514:minor
510:minor
502:minor
476:minor
473:major
469:major
459:major
422:Fifth
419:Third
299:, or
273:Major
241:Minor
164:of a
158:triad
154:chord
152:is a
101:JSTOR
87:books
2178:Open
1530:ISBN
1499:ISBN
1452:ISBN
1315:and
1216:'s "
1212:and
1177:–G–B
1148:and
1128:and
1115:A440
979:root
786:Caug
771:3rd
742:on C
687:Caug
607:Cdim
494:Cmin
449:Cmaj
434:3rd
405:on C
176:: a
170:root
143:on C
139:The
73:news
1978:By
1526:126
1384:or
768:2nd
765:1st
431:2nd
428:1st
305:iii
275:),
265:IVM
259:),
249:vii
243:),
227:),
56:by
2236::
2029:/
1551:-
1528:.
1485:^
1475:.
1307:;
1028:.
985:,
981:,
940:.
857:)
831:C−
829:Cm
814:)
788:C+
693:C+
691:C+
689:C+
654:C−
652:Cm
650:Cm
648:Cm
611:C−
609:Cm
570:C−
568:Cm
498:C−
496:Cm
451:CM
364:.
293:IM
287:,
281:vi
233:ii
148:A
1781:9
1603:e
1596:t
1589:v
1538:.
1507:.
1460:.
1389:2
1376:3
1363:5
1229:Δ
1225:Δ
1201:Δ
1082:.
1044:.
903:C
872:C
605:C
572:C
535:C
455:C
453:C
271:(
255:(
239:(
223:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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