403:, and did not have ambitions for higher office and so did not feel a need to cater to either the segregationist nor integrationist wings of his party. Byrd Democrats proposed closing public schools to fight integration despite a provision of the state constitution requiring free public education (hence the January 1956 referendum to modify the state constitution which Carter was only one of four delegates to oppose). After both the
369:
At the time
Virginia's schools were in the lowest quartile in the nation both in funding and workforce educations (the typical white attended a year of high school; the typical African American Virginia received only an eighth grade education). Improving the schools and racial integration seemed
431:, who would hold it for two decades (although after the 1964 census redistricting, Allegheny, Bedford, Botetourt, Buena Vista, Clifton Forge, Covington, Craig and Rockbridge Counties were collectively placed in the 19th senatorial district).
419:
Commission plan. Meanwhile, Carter had been elected to the
Virginia Senate, and although recovering from recent abdominal surgery, appeared to cast his crucial vote in favor of the Perrow Commission plan. Thus, it passed by a single vote.
374:
and other conservative Byrd
Democrats vehemently opposed racial integration, and preferred to close schools rather than allow integration anywhere in the state, even pursuant to a court order or where a local school board decision.
304:, county seat of Botetourt County in 1935. He held various county and state offices before 1950, when he began his formal part-time political career. Carter was a vestryman in his local Episcopal Church, as well as active in the
386:
to study options, Gray and U.S. Senator Byrd (and others) became radicalized. When the legislature finally met in August 1956, it debated the a radicalized version of the Gray
Commission plan, which became known as the
443:
after complications from cancer surgery on June 12, 1983. He and Mary had deeded
Greyledge to their children, who eventually sold it in 2001. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.
723:
589:
570:
Robbins L. Gates, The Making of
Massive Resistance: Virginia's Politics of Public School Desegregation, 1954–1956(University of North Carolina Press, 2014) p. 153-156
678:
72:
661:
135:
561:
Robert A. Pratt, The Color of Their Skin: Education and Race in
Richmond, Virginia: 1954–89 (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1992) p. 8
728:
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316:. He also held a seat on the Democratic Central Committee and served as chairman of the 6th Congressional District Democratic Committee.
596:
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E. Griffith Dodson: The
General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia, 1940–1960 (Richmond: Virginia State Publication, 1961) p. 512
748:
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to
Charles Dale Carter and his wife Sarah Barns. Widowed when Stuart was an infant, Sarah remarried John S. Pechin and moved to
753:
743:
738:
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Cynthia Miller
Leonard, The General Assembly of Virginia 1619–1979: A Bicentennial Register of Members (Richmond, 1978)
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and a three-judge federal panel announced on January 19, 1959 that the Stanley Plan was unconstitutional, Governor
262:
363:
229:. A lifelong Democrat, Carter helped lead his party's progressive faction, particularly as they opposed the
226:
48:
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253:. He had a half-brother Richard S. Pechin, five years younger than himself. Stuart Carter studied at the
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http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Counties/Botetourt/011-0010_Greyledge_2002_Final_Nomination.pdf
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399:. As a lawyer, Carter respected the U.S. Supreme Court's authority to promulgate both decisions in
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537:"Stuart B. Carter of Fincastle, Va., speaks on Virginia State Senate candidacy and integration"
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He married Mary Pechin Shelley Sheridan Carter (1901–1966) and they had several children.
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became leaders of what some called the "Young Turks", mostly moderates who had served in
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through tuition grants, which Carter opposed, although it was sponsored by his cousin,
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After admission to the Virginia bar, Carter began his private legal practice in
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In 1966 Carter served as President of the Virginia Association of Counties.
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After Carter's retirement, his senate district was represented by attorney
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over integration of Virginia's public schools. Carter and state senator
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Carter survived his beloved wife by more than a decade. He died in
358:. That had begun after the United States Supreme Court decision in
206:
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Democratic Party members of the Virginia House of Delegates
209:
lawyer, farmer and businessmen who also served as the
237:
to racial integration in Virginia's public schools.
705:
338:, but broke with the policies of U.S. Senator
354:and realized the economic and social cost of
62:January 11, 1956 – January 12, 1960
240:
411:eventually reconsidered his opposition to
334:Carter initially was affiliated with the
729:Democratic Party Virginia state senators
362:(and companion cases including one from
319:In 1959, Carter and his wife moved into
378:Though Virginia's official response to
205:(April 25. 1906 – June 12, 1983) was a
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619:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
521:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
225:and later as a State Senator from the
382:was a commission under State Senator
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19:For the British vice admiral, see
14:
780:
769:20th-century Virginia politicians
759:20th-century American legislators
543:. University of Virginia Library
391:. That in part proposed to fund
113:January 11, 1950 – 1955
749:People from Fincastle, Virginia
370:inevitable to Carter. However,
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221:: first as a delegate in the
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635:Virginia House of Delegates
360:Brown v. Board of Education
93:Virginia House of Delegates
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263:Western Reserve University
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157:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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405:Virginia Supreme Court
271:University of Virginia
73:James C. Carpenter Jr.
393:segregation academies
279:Cumberland Law School
275:Cumberland University
184:Mary Shelley Sheridan
366:) in 1954 and 1955.
348:Alexandria, Virginia
273:. He graduated from
21:Stuart Bonham Carter
429:Covington, Virginia
302:Fincastle, Virginia
259:Lynchburg, Virginia
245:Carter was born in
203:Stuart Barns Carter
16:American politician
670:Senate of Virginia
372:Southside Virginia
356:Massive Resistance
283:Samford University
251:Buchanan, Virginia
235:Massive Resistance
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693:Succeeded by
659:Succeeded by
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409:J. Lindsay Almond
336:Byrd Organization
231:Byrd Organization
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174:Roanoke, Virginia
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330:Political career
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604:. Retrieved
597:the original
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541:virginia.edu
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384:Garland Gray
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352:World War II
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169:(1983-06-12)
131:Succeeded by
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85:Hale Collins
80:Succeeded by
57:
719:1983 deaths
714:1906 births
119:Preceded by
68:Preceded by
708:Categories
690:1956–1960
606:2016-07-05
508:2016-07-05
448:References
310:Freemasons
261:, then at
211:Democratic
189:Profession
321:Greyledge
289:in 1934.
287:Tennessee
215:Botetourt
109:In office
97:Botetourt
58:In office
47:from the
656:1948–55
615:cite web
517:cite web
306:Ruritans
207:Virginia
192:Attorney
51:district
547:31 July
417:Perrow
312:, and
296:Career
181:Spouse
176:, U.S.
159:, U.S.
600:(PDF)
593:(PDF)
502:(PDF)
495:(PDF)
413:Brown
401:Brown
380:Brown
285:) in
95:from
621:link
549:2016
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217:and
164:Died
151:Born
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