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2008:
358:
The documentation of perf is not very detailed (as of 2014); for example, it does not document most events or explain their aliases (often external tools are used to get names and codes of events). Perf tools also cannot profile based on true wall-clock time.
208:
are needed, as most functionality is integrated into the kernel. The perf utility dumps raw data from the mapped buffer to disk when the buffer becomes filled up. According to R. Vitillo (
375:), which was exploited to gain root privileges by a local user. The problem was due to an incorrect type being used (32-bit int instead of 64-bit) in the event_id verification code path.
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The perf subsystem of Linux kernels from 2.6.37 up to 3.8.8 and RHEL6 kernel 2.6.32 contained a security vulnerability (
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445:, LWN July 1, 2009, "perfcounters being included into the mainline during the recently completed 2.6.31 merge window"
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Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures
Software Developer's Manual Volume 3B: System Programming Guide, Part 2
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655:'perf sched': Utility to capture, measure and analyze scheduler latencies and behavior
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Evaluate performance for Linux on POWER. Analyze performance using Linux tools
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727:"A closer look at a recent privilege escalation bug in Linux (CVE-2013-2094)"
331:: analyze file generated by perf record; can generate flat, or graph profile.
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As of 2010, architectures that provide support for hardware counters include
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The interface between the perf utility and the kernel consists of only one
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309:: measure total event count for single program or for system for some time
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Perf is natively supported in many popular Linux distributions, including
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212:), profiling performed by perf involves a very low overhead.
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604:"Debian - Details of package linux-tools-2.6.32 in squeeze"
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571:"kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git - Linux kernel source tree"
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6.4. Performance
Counters for Linux (PCL) Tools and perf
31:
https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/tools/perf
667:
How to monitor the full range of CPU performance events
474:, 12 Jun 2012 // IBM DeveloperWorks Technical library
453:
451:
343:: tracing/measuring of scheduler actions and latencies
267:, is available as a patch. Since version 3.14 of the
755:, presentation from Linux Kongress, September, 2010
461:, presentation from Linux Kongress, September, 2010
448:
325:: measure and save sampling data for single program
271:, released on March 31, 2014, perf also supports
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395:Performance Application Programming Interface
547:"RAPL (Running Average Power Limit) driver"
282:(since its version 6 released in 2010) and
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697:"New Linux Kernel Vulnerability Exploited"
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519:
419:The Unofficial Linux Perf Events Web-Page
2503:Free and open-source software portal
2027:Free and open-source software portal
1585:Earliest eligible virtual deadline first
712:"Local root vulnerability in the kernel"
509:. Intel. June 2009. p. 19-2 vol. 3.
677:
675:
477:
432:// 2013 FastPath Workshop, Vince Weaver
319:-like dynamic view of hottest functions
302:perf is used with several subcommands:
176:) as one of the two most commonly used
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709:
617:
430:Linux perf event Features and Overhead
172:engineers recognized perf (along with
2054:
821:
780:
672:
196:and a mapped memory region. Unlike
2445:Professional related certifications
255:. Usage of Last Branch Records, a
16:Performance analyzing tool in Linux
13:
443:Perfcounters added to the mainline
385:List of performance analysis tools
14:
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2224:List of software package managers
2209:Security-focused operating system
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683:perf: the good, the bad, the ugly
183:
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2020:
2006:
874:Supported computer architectures
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759:Linux kernel profiling with perf
400:Profiling (computer programming)
150:
2199:Distributions that run from RAM
904:The Linux Programming Interface
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62:Performance monitor and testing
695:Michael Larabel (2013-05-15).
538:
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494:PERFORMANCE TOOLS DEVELOPMENTS
464:
435:
423:
411:
337:: annotate sources or assembly
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119:Performance Counters for Linux
1:
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294:(Squeeze) released in 2011).
158:hardware performance counters
2156:GNU/Linux naming controversy
573:. Git.kernel.org. 2014-01-20
353:
259:implementation available in
7:
2252:Linux Documentation Project
2194:Netbook-specific comparison
765:Hardware PMU support charts
522:"Lots of new perf features"
378:
362:
273:running average power limit
168:or uprobes). In 2012, two
141:controlling utility, named
10:
2563:
2151:Criticism of desktop Linux
1746:High-performance computing
1568:Process and I/O schedulers
753:The New Linux ’perf’ tools
751:Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo,
681:Robert Haas (PostgreSQL),
459:The New Linux ’perf’ tools
457:Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo,
180:profiling tools on Linux.
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2161:Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
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1579:Completely Fair Scheduler
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844:Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
814:
767:- check perf_event column
725:Joe Damato (2013-05-20).
149:and provides a number of
78:
66:
56:
44:
36:
24:
1500:Kernel same-page merging
545:Jacob Pan (2013-04-02).
520:Jake Edge (2014-04-09).
280:Red Hat Enterprise Linux
137:version 2.6.31 in 2009.
2542:Linux programming tools
1843:OS-level virtualization
593:// RHEL Developer Guide
470:A. Zanella, R. Arnold.
349:: list available events
145:, is accessed from the
2337:Free Software Magazine
2267:Linux User Group (LUG)
1988:List of Linux adopters
930:Linux User Group (LUG)
669:// Bojan Nikolic, 2012
2537:Linux kernel features
710:corbet (2013-05-15).
606:. Packages.debian.org
269:Linux kernel mainline
200:or older versions of
127:performance analyzing
2262:Linux Mark Institute
1574:Brain Fuck Scheduler
834:Linux Mark Institute
488:Roberto A. Vitillo (
1768:Real-time computing
1040:Linux Standard Base
178:performance counter
21:
2189:Distributions list
2184:General comparison
2146:Criticism of Linux
1756:Compute Node Linux
1342:C standard library
633:2012-12-14 at the
288:linux-tools-common
192:and is done via a
109:(sometimes called
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685:// June 06, 2012
133:, available from
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2013:Linux portal
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773:by Brendan Gregg
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2018:
2004:
1734:Linux kernel
1652:Tomoyo Linux
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1247:File systems
902:
854:SCO disputes
815:Organization
808:Linux kernel
720:
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639:CERN OpenLab
626:Urs Fässler
608:. Retrieved
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575:. Retrieved
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554:. Retrieved
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529:. Retrieved
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156:It supports
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147:command line
135:Linux kernel
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51:Linux kernel
2405:Linux Voice
2391:Ubuntu User
2344:Full Circle
2331:DistroWatch
2204:Lightweight
2118:Kernel oops
2108:Linux-libre
2103:Linus's law
1739:Linux-libre
1632:Exec Shield
1511:Framebuffer
1214:Video4Linux
1071:System Call
899:Developers
839:Linus's law
743:perf's wiki
699:. Phoronix.
651:Ingo Molnar
441:Jake Edge,
298:Subcommands
263:CPUs since
162:tracepoints
151:subcommands
111:perf_events
2531:Categories
1826:Hypervisor
1788:PREEMPT_RT
1693:KernelCare
1681:Raw device
1611:SCHED_FIFO
1521:KMS driver
1438:Components
1293:securityfs
1179:Crypto API
1121:Linux-only
1007:System.map
910:kernel.org
869:menuconfig
864:GNU GPL v2
747:kernel.org
610:2014-03-31
577:2014-03-31
556:2014-04-22
531:2014-04-22
406:References
225:UltraSPARC
115:perf tools
37:Written in
26:Repository
2547:Profilers
2384:LinuxUser
2350:Linux.com
2242:LinuxChix
1965:LYME-LYCE
1688:initramfs
1657:Linux PAM
1526:Netfilter
1396:libcgroup
1362:libhybris
1334:libraries
1282:hugetlbfs
1233:Userspace
1166:In-kernel
1151:readahead
1073:Interface
1022:initramfs
979:SystemTap
952:Debugging
945:Technical
884:Criticism
373:2013-2094
354:Criticism
265:Pentium 4
251:EV56 and
241:Cortex-A8
139:Userspace
2515:Category
2434:The Code
2421:Phoronix
2411:LugRadio
2295:Embedded
2285:Adopters
2277:Adoption
2039:Category
1981:Adopters
1956:Server:
1937:Embedded
1913:Adoption
1806:PSXLinux
1729:Mainline
1722:Variants
1674:graphics
1627:AppArmor
1616:SCHED_RR
1536:nftables
1480:dm-crypt
1475:dm-cache
1421:liburing
1411:libevdev
1369:dietlibc
1258:configfs
1184:io uring
761:tutorial
631:Archived
390:OProfile
379:See also
363:Security
335:annotate
202:oprofile
174:OProfile
129:tool in
2463:Red Hat
2416:LWN.net
2290:Desktop
2098:History
1972:Devices
1932:Desktop
1893:coLinux
1888:MkLinux
1873:L4Linux
1801:ÎĽClinux
1783:Xenomai
1773:RTLinux
1713:Ksplice
1642:SELinux
1637:seccomp
1587:(EEVDF)
1531:Netlink
1460:Console
1455:cgroups
1406:libalsa
1332:Wrapper
1310:systemd
1273:debugfs
1242:Daemons
1204:New API
1146:inotify
1141:dnotify
1045:x32 ABI
1002:vmlinux
994:Startup
893:Support
551:LWN.net
526:LWN.net
286:in the
221:PowerPC
206:daemons
190:syscall
166:kprobes
125:) is a
88:.kernel
79:Website
73:GNU GPL
68:License
2468:Ubuntu
2305:Mobile
2300:Gaming
1942:Gaming
1924:of use
1878:ELinOS
1869:Other
1863:OpenVZ
1853:Lguest
1797:-less
1708:kpatch
1703:kGraft
1669:802.11
1465:bcache
1416:libusb
1401:libdrm
1389:Newlib
1374:EGLIBC
1357:Bionic
1352:uClibc
1322:Kmscon
1296:sockfs
1289:procfs
1285:pipefs
1268:devpts
1194:kernfs
1136:splice
1091:select
1063:Kernel
1017:initrd
1012:dracut
964:ftrace
926:Users
859:Linaro
822:Kernel
714:. LWN.
641:, 2011
329:report
323:record
284:Debian
253:SuperH
92:/index
2324:Media
2129:more…
2082:Linux
1922:Range
1761:SLURM
1698:kexec
1647:Smack
1581:(CFS)
1561:zswap
1502:(KSM)
1495:evdev
1450:BlueZ
1379:klibc
1347:glibc
1305:tmpfs
1300:sysfs
1263:devfs
1254:bpffs
1131:epoll
1126:futex
1106:close
1086:ioctl
1081:POSIX
969:kdump
341:sched
261:Intel
249:Alpha
198:LTTng
131:Linux
98:_Page
96:/Main
86:.wiki
1960:LAMP
1950:LTSP
1778:RTAI
1556:zram
1551:SLUB
1546:perf
1490:EDAC
1384:musl
1315:udev
1278:FUSE
1174:ALSA
1111:sync
1101:read
1096:open
1055:APIs
1032:ABIs
959:CRIU
915:LKML
490:LBNL
347:list
307:stat
243:and
231:and
223:64,
210:LBNL
143:perf
107:perf
94:.php
90:.org
84:perf
58:Type
20:perf
2123:Tux
1858:LXC
1836:Xen
1831:KVM
1795:MMU
1751:INK
1516:LVM
1506:LIO
1485:DRM
1219:IIO
1209:RCU
1189:DRM
984:BPF
849:Tux
745:on
492:).
369:CVE
317:top
313:top
247:),
245:-A9
237:ARM
235:),
229:III
217:x86
170:IBM
123:PCL
113:or
2533::
1625::
674:^
653:,
637:,
619:^
549:.
524:.
479:^
450:^
315::
233:IV
219:,
160:,
121:,
2074:e
2067:t
2060:v
1570::
1244:,
1155:…
1115:…
800:e
793:t
786:v
729:.
613:.
580:.
559:.
534:.
371:-
227:(
40:C
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