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Peroxycarboxylic acids are bleaching agents and are used globally, particularly for tooth whitening. They are employed in various concentrations in dentistry to effectively bleach teeth. Lower concentrations are common for home use. Compared to hydrogen peroxide, peroxycarboxylic acids are approved
424:
Peroxycarboxylic acids are available in both solid and liquid forms. Due to their oxidizing and disinfecting properties, they can be used in both professional and domestic settings.
536:
Chen, Li-Jiang; Lin, Chang-Jian; Zuo, Juan; Song, Ling-Chun; Huang, Chao-Ming (2004). "First
Spectroscopic Observation of Peroxocarbonate/ Peroxodicarbonate in Molten Carbonate".
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Several organic peroxyacids are commercially useful. They can be prepared in several ways. Most commonly, peracids are generated by treating the corresponding
583:
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101:(Caro's acid) is probably the most important inorganic peracid, at least in terms of its production scale. It is used for the bleaching of
129:
444:
Peroxycarboxylic acids are also found in cleaning agents, disinfectants, and detergents, as they reliably kill germs and bacteria.
209:
This method is popular for converting cyclic anhydrides to the corresponding monoperoxyacids, for example monoperoxyphthalic acid.
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In terms of acidity, peroxycarboxylic acids are about 1000 times weaker than the parent carboxylic acid, due to the absence of
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In healthcare, peroxycarboxylic acids are primarily used for wound disinfection and cleaning contact lenses.
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and for the detoxification of cyanide in the mining industry. It is produced by treating sulfuric acid with
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Another common reaction is conversion of cyclic ketones to the ring-expanded esters using peracids in a
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peroxides are stronger oxygen-atom transfer agents. The oxygen-atom donor tendency correlates with the
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110:
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which contains an acidic –OOH group. The two main classes are those derived from conventional
563:
318:
The most common use of organic peroxy acids is for the conversion of alkenes to epoxides, the
739:
305:
647:
Richard N. McDonald; Richard N. Steppel; James E. Dorsey (1970). "m-Chloroperbenzoic Acid".
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Herbert Klenk; Peter H. Götz; Rainer
Siegmeier; Wilfried Mayr. "Peroxy Compounds, Organic".
701:
124:
Some peroxy acids are only hypothetical, but their anions are known. This is the case for
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as cosmetics in Europe under
Regulation (EC) No. 1223/2009 of the European Parliament.
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The products, however, react with the initial aldehyde forming the carboxylic acid:
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Reaction of peroxycarboxylic acids with acid chlorides affords diacyl peroxides:
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Formation of an epoxide from an alkene and a peroxycarboxylic acid.
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A related reaction involves treatment of the carboxylic anhydride:
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values tend also to be relatively insensitive to substituents.
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284:
57:
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Harald Jakob; et al. "Peroxy
Compounds, Inorganic".
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of the O−H bond. Thus, the order of oxidizing power is CF
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stabilization of the anion. For similar reasons, their p
380:
The oxidizing tendency of peroxides is related to the
353:. The laboratory applications of the valued reagent
264:A related method starts with the peroxyanhydride.
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584:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
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516:
485:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
256:-chlorobenzoyl chloride + hydrogen peroxide →
337:. They are also used for the oxidation of
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517:Creaser, I.I.; Edwards, J.O. (1972). "?".
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40:compared with a carboxylic acid (bottom).
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68:, and the peroxy derivatives of organic
29:
716:"Verordnung - 1223/2009 - EN - EUR-Lex"
212:The third method involves treatment of
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674:Géza Braun (1928). "Perbenzoic Acid".
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620:, D. (1964). "Peroxybenzoic Acid".
538:The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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27:Organic acid having a peroxide bond
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357:CPBA illustrate these reactions.
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275:to give peroxycarboxylic acids:
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246:CPBA) is prepared in this way:
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519:Topics in Phosphorus Chemistry
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564:"perborate(2-) (CHEBI:30175)"
494:10.1002/14356007.a19_177.pub2
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295:Ar-COOOH + Ar-CHO → 2 Ar-COOH
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72:. They are generally strong
616:Silbert, L. S.; Siegel, E.;
48:(often spelled as one word,
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447:
10:
756:
83:
335:Baeyer-Villiger oxidation
260:-chloroperoxybenzoic acid
240:-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid
121:) is prepared similarly.
111:Peroxymonophosphoric acid
94:Peroxymonophosphoric acid
37:organic peroxy acid (top)
688:10.15227/orgsyn.008.0030
661:10.15227/orgsyn.050.0015
634:10.15227/orgsyn.044.0081
593:10.1002/14356007.a19_199
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153:with hydrogen peroxide:
587:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
488:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
99:Peroxymonosulfuric acid
86:Peroxymonosulfuric acid
52:, and sometimes called
34:General formulas of an
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80:Inorganic peroxy acids
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384:of the substituents.
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252:
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735:Organic peroxy acids
464:Peroxyacyl nitrates
320:Prilezhaev reaction
300:Properties and uses
364:RC(O)Cl + RC(O)O
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550:10.1021/jp035749l
544:(23): 7553–7556.
382:electronegativity
283:→ Ar-COOOH (Ar =
107:hydrogen peroxide
90:Peroxynitric acid
16:(Redirected from
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454:Organic peroxide
428:Bleaching Agents
140:Organic peracids
134:sodium perborate
70:carboxylic acids
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220:RC(O)Cl + H
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66:sulfuric acid
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740:Peroxy acids
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702:"Peroxygens"
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273:autoxidized
46:peroxy acid
729:Categories
676:Org. Synth
649:Org. Synth
622:Org. Synth
525:: 379–435.
470:References
351:sulfoxides
343:thioethers
279:Ar-CHO + O
145:Production
84:See also:
50:peroxyacid
704:. Solvay.
400:H > CH
306:resonance
269:aldehydes
267:Aromatic
232:H + HCl
201:H + RCO
130:perborate
74:oxidizers
448:See also
408:H > H
56:) is an
390:acidity
271:can be
228:→ RCO
197:→ RCO
189:O + H
173:H + H
169:⇌ RCO
161:H + H
54:peracid
18:Peracid
682:: 30.
655:: 15.
628:: 81.
599:
500:
376:+ HCl
339:amines
287:group)
92:, and
618:Swern
420:Usage
322:.
185:(RCO)
132:(see
597:ISBN
498:ISBN
349:and
341:and
285:aryl
238:meta
128:and
103:pulp
58:acid
684:doi
657:doi
630:doi
589:doi
546:doi
542:108
490:doi
345:to
157:RCO
136:).
731::
678:.
653:50
651:.
626:44
624:.
595:.
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540:.
521:.
496:.
416:.
404:CO
396:CO
216::
117:PO
113:(H
109:.
88:,
76:.
44:A
718:.
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680:8
663:.
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632::
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591::
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523:7
506:.
492::
414:2
412:O
410:2
406:3
402:3
398:3
394:3
374:2
372:O
370:2
366:2
355:m
313:a
310:K
281:2
258:m
254:m
244:m
242:(
230:3
226:2
224:O
222:2
205:H
203:2
199:3
195:2
193:O
191:2
187:2
177:O
175:2
171:3
167:2
165:O
163:2
159:2
119:5
115:3
20:)
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