497:
454:, Mexican mints began producing the peso of âUn Pesoâ denomination, popularly known as âbalanzaâ (scales), with the same weight and fineness, but with a uniform diameter of 37 mm (making it slightly thicker than the old peso, which was slightly irregular, with a diameter of 38â40 mm). Chinese merchants rejected the new coin, discounting it by 4%â5% in favor of the old eight-real peso. Faced with this threat to her silver exports, Mexico returned to the old eight-real peso by decree of May 29, 1873, but international trade was already shifting from silver to gold, and after 1873 there was a steady decline in the international price of silver.
423:
1244:
671:
943:
717:
999:
908:
1139:
826:
1055:
1195:
971:
579:
1083:
1027:
625:
1230:
880:
798:
745:
694:
38:
602:
854:
648:
1111:
1167:
200:(royal fifth), and cobs were a convenient means of handling and accounting for silver. In most cases these cobs were immediately melted down by the recipient. However, some remained in circulation as currency; they were ideal candidates for clipping and counterfeiting due to their irregular shape and incomplete design.
442:
The successful revolt of the
Spanish colonies in America had cut off the supply of silver coin by 1820. By 1825 "...the Spanish dollar, the universal coin of three centuries, had lost its supremacy, and...its universal dominion was in process of disintegration into rival 'currency areas', chief among
203:
Spanish laws of 1728 and 1730 ordered the mechanization of the minting of the peso so that they would be perfectly round and have milled edges. There was a simultaneous reduction in weight and fineness to 8.5 pesos to a mark (27.064 g), 0.9167 fine or 24.809 g fine silver. This new peso became even
175:
pesos to a
Castilian mark (230.0465 grams) of silver 134/144 fine (25.56 g fine silver). It was minted in large quantities after the discovery of silver in Mexico, Peru and Bolivia in the 16th century, and immediately became a coin of worldwide importance in international trade between Europe, Asia
466:
caused the
Mexican dollar to drop in value against the U.S. dollar, but until the beginning of the 20th century the Mexican dollar would still have been a more widely accepted coin in the Far East than the U.S. dollar. Between the 16th and 19th centuries Mexico produced well over three billion of
446:
The
Spanish dollar continued to dominate the Eastern trade, and the peso of eight reales continued to be minted in the New World. The coin was sometimes called a Republican dollar, but eventually any peso of the old Spanish eight-real standard was generally referred to as a Mexican dollar, Mexico
341:
The loss of Spain's territories in the
Americas and the ensuing domestic instability in the 19th century cut off the inflow of precious metals into Spain and resulted in French coinage gradually entering domestic circulation. Two subsequent decimal system reforms were attempted in 1850 (at
457:
Until 1873 the
Mexican dollar would have been to all intents and purposes equal in value to the silver dollar coins of the United States north of the border, but at that time in history, the Mexican coin would have had a much greater international presence than the
537:
operated. Thus, following the great silver devaluation of 1873, the
Philippine peso devalued in parallel with the Mexican unit, and by the end of the 19th century, was worth half a United States dollar. The name of the currency remained unchanged despite the 1896
338:= 15 and 2/34 reales de vellon proved to be ineffective as the various reales in circulation contained even less silver. The situation was only resolved in 1837 with the peso duro fixed at $ 1 = 20 reales de vellon, with all prior non-standard reales demonetized.
258:
A final alteration in 1772 further reduced the fineness of the peso from 11/12 fine to 130/144 = 0.9028 (fine silver 24.443 g). A sample of coins at the end of the 18th century, however, confirm a fineness of only 0.896 (hence, fine silver 24.25 g); see
1338:
The history of currency 1252 to 1894: being an account of the gold and silver moneys and monetary standards of Europe and
America, together with an examination of the effects of currency and exchange phenomena on commercial and national progress and
447:
being the most prolific producer. Mexico restored the standard of 1772, producing a coin of 27.073 g, 0.9028 fine, containing 24.441 g fine silver (the mark weight of the Mexico City mint was very slightly heavier than the standard mark of Spain).
504:
Prior to 1852 the
Philippines had no currency of its own (with the exception of local copper cuartos) since pesos received from Spain and Spanish Latin America were accepted in circulation. Locally issued pesos only came about with
183:
in a rapid and simplified manner by cutting off a lump of silver of proper weight and fineness from the end of a silver bar, which was then flattened out and impressed by a hammer. This resulted in a crude, irregular coin called a
267:
was defined in 1788 as 371.25 grains of fine silver (or 24.057 g) based on the average silver content of worn peso coins. The full 0.9028 fineness was restored by Mexico after its independence in 1821.
204:
more popular in international trade, with recipients finding it more advantageous to trade it as coined silver of known value rather than melting it into silver bullion.Later it was reduced even more.
493:, in wide circulation in the entire America and Southeast Asia during the 17th and 18th centuries, through its use in the Spanish colonies and even in the United States and Canada.
467:
these coins. Mexico minted the last eight-real peso in 1897, and at the beginning of the twentieth century these
Mexican dollar coins were worth only 50 U.S. cents.
1540:
292:
with less than œ silver) of various weights and finenesses starting in 1600 due to its domestic financial and monetary problems.
543:
515:
771:
Several countries formerly used different currencies also named peso not listed here, with different value, over time. See
526:
The founding of the Casa de Moneda de Manila mint in 1857 and the minting of gold 1, 2 and 4 peso coins starting 1861, and
260:
1647:
381:) but were not fully carried out. The peso and the real were only fully retired with the introduction in 1868 of the
1479:
496:
1484:
1469:
1368:
520:
533:
As with Mexican dollars, the Philippine unit was based on silver, unlike the United States and Canada where a
1500:
1257:
1560:
284:(or peso duro) continued in the Americas until the 19th century, Spain struggled with the issuance of
1642:
1565:
1520:
1309:
Frey, Albert R. (1916), "A dictionary of numismatic names: their official and popular designations",
1149:
961:
953:
1303:, London: Eyre and Spottiswoode for Her Majesty's Stationery Office, pp. 5â24, 101â105, 390â396
131:
or "piece of eight" and was widely used for international trade from the 16th to the 19th century.
1510:
1017:
864:
510:
1341:, New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, reprinted by Augustus M. Kelley, pp. 328â333, LC 67-20086
422:
539:
372:
17:
1213:
1101:
1073:
1157:
926:
264:
107:
844:
8:
1333:
898:
94:
translates to "weight". In most countries of the Americas, the symbol commonly known as
1530:
1474:
1361:
1249:
1009:
989:
816:
772:
676:
948:
427:
1277:
1505:
1346:
1045:
836:
98:, "$ ", was originally used as an abbreviation of "pesos" and later adopted by the
1594:
1570:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1525:
1515:
1438:
1428:
1205:
1093:
1065:
981:
918:
890:
727:
476:
194:
in Spanish. The Crown was entitled to a fifth of all gold and silver mined, the
1615:
1580:
1575:
1494:
1453:
1448:
1418:
1408:
1398:
1177:
755:
681:
635:
589:
382:
289:
145:
128:
103:
85:
1637:
1631:
1535:
1489:
1354:
1121:
1037:
1004:
808:
534:
463:
451:
180:
77:
69:
1433:
1403:
1235:
1129:
704:
612:
417:
386:
159:
149:
123:
73:
1610:
1144:
913:
722:
459:
196:
111:
95:
81:
31:
1413:
831:
658:
243:
1200:
1060:
976:
584:
190:
1377:
1088:
1032:
630:
568:
443:
which was destined to be the area dominated by British sterling."
315:
and retained in Latin America). In 1686 Spain minted a coin worth
933:
885:
803:
750:
225:
37:
529:
The minting of 50, 20 and 10 centimo silver coins starting 1864.
237:. The Spanish names at various times and in various places were
1327:, Paris: Recueil Sirey, pp. 149, 171â172, 383â385, 406â407
699:
207:
This coin was known to English colonists in North America as a
162:
99:
1172:
607:
334:
An edict made in the same year which valued the peso duro at
1185:
1116:
859:
653:
404:
102:. The dollar itself actually originated from the peso or
55: Countries that previously used a currency named
1376:
1225:
1629:
307:for use only in Spain (with the old real worth
1362:
89:
295:In 1642, it first recognized a new, reduced
1301:History of currency in the British colonies
549:
411:
331:) which was poorly received by the people.
179:Initially the peso was produced in Spanish
139:
1541:Japanese government-issued Philippine peso
1369:
1355:
485:) is derived from the Spanish silver coin
450:In 1869â1870, not long after adopting the
1322:
1298:
495:
421:
36:
45: Countries using a currency named
14:
1630:
1350:
134:
1332:
1308:
464:The great silver devaluation of 1873
165:coin introduced in 1497, minted at 8
106:in the late 18th century. The sign "
516:Banco Español-Filipino de Isabel II
24:
470:
25:
1659:
1242:
1228:
1193:
1165:
1137:
1109:
1081:
1053:
1025:
997:
969:
941:
906:
878:
871:
852:
824:
796:
743:
715:
692:
669:
646:
623:
600:
577:
434:(æčäžććź, âFixed to the value of 3
1480:Argentine peso moneda corriente
1311:American Journal of Numismatics
481:The Philippine peso (Filipino:
127:was also known in English as a
1485:Argentine peso moneda nacional
1284:
1270:
521:Bank of the Philippine Islands
27:Name of several monetary units
13:
1:
1263:
500:One peso Treasury Certificate
223:. In French, it was called a
1325:Toutes les monnaies du monde
7:
1258:Currency of Spanish America
1221:
544:declaration of independence
271:
261:Currency of Spanish America
10:
1664:
1561:Portuguese Timorese pataca
554:
474:
415:
276:While the relationship of
143:
29:
1603:
1521:Equatorial Guinean peseta
1462:
1391:
1299:Chalmers, Robert (1893),
962:Central African CFA franc
922:
917:
904:
766:
513:banknotes in 1852 by the
426:A Mexican dollar used as
1648:Denominations (currency)
1501:Chilean peso (1817â1960)
1470:Argentine peso argentino
550:Countries that use pesos
412:1821â1897 Mexican dollar
140:1537â1686 piece of eight
1323:Sédillot, René (1955),
954:Equatorial Guinean peso
1511:Cuban convertible peso
1018:West African CFA franc
865:Cuban convertible peso
511:Philippine peso fuerte
501:
439:
432:âAratame sanbu sadameâ
319:provinciales (or only
90:
61:
540:Philippine Revolution
499:
425:
389:, and at the rate of
229:and in Portuguese, a
217:Spanish milled dollar
211:, then later on as a
84:. Originating in the
40:
1158:United States dollar
927:United States dollar
899:United States dollar
265:United States dollar
263:. The weight of the
542:and the subsequent
219:, and finally as a
176:and North America.
158:was given to the 8-
1531:Guinea-Bissau peso
1475:Argentine peso ley
1250:Numismatics portal
1214:Venezuelan bolĂvar
1102:Paraguayan guaranĂ
1074:Nicaraguan cĂłrdoba
1010:Guinea-Bissau peso
990:Guatemalan quetzal
817:Bolivian boliviano
677:Dominican Republic
502:
440:
385:, at par with the
135:Origin and history
62:
30:For the song, see
1625:
1624:
1566:Puerto Rican peso
1219:
1218:
1150:Puerto Rican peso
949:Equatorial Guinea
845:Costa Rican colĂłn
790:Current currency
764:
763:
428:Japanese currency
379:100 centimos
305:10 reales/$
110:" is used in the
80:, as well as the
16:(Redirected from
1655:
1643:Currency symbols
1506:Costa Rican peso
1371:
1364:
1357:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1328:
1318:
1304:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1252:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1046:Honduran lempira
1031:
1029:
1028:
1003:
1001:
1000:
975:
973:
972:
947:
945:
944:
912:
910:
909:
884:
882:
881:
858:
856:
855:
837:Costa Rican peso
830:
828:
827:
802:
800:
799:
778:
777:
749:
747:
746:
721:
719:
718:
698:
696:
695:
675:
673:
672:
652:
650:
649:
629:
627:
626:
606:
604:
603:
583:
581:
580:
559:
558:
509:The issuance of
408:of fine silver.
407:
400:
396:
392:
380:
376:
367:
363:
356:
349:
345:
337:
322:
318:
310:
306:
302:
286:reales de vellon
283:
279:
174:
173:
169:
93:
74:Spanish-speaking
54:
44:
21:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1599:
1595:Venezuelan peso
1571:Salvadoran peso
1556:Peruvian peseta
1551:Paraguayan peso
1546:Nicaraguan peso
1526:Guatemalan peso
1516:Ecuadorian peso
1458:
1439:Philippine peso
1429:Macanese pataca
1387:
1375:
1295:
1294:
1290:Chalmers, p. 24
1289:
1285:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1206:Venezuelan peso
1194:
1192:
1166:
1164:
1138:
1136:
1110:
1108:
1094:Paraguayan peso
1082:
1080:
1066:Nicaraguan peso
1054:
1052:
1026:
1024:
998:
996:
982:Guatemalan peso
970:
968:
942:
940:
919:Salvadoran peso
907:
905:
891:Ecuadorian peso
879:
877:
853:
851:
825:
823:
797:
795:
784:Former currency
769:
744:
742:
728:Philippine peso
716:
714:
693:
691:
670:
668:
647:
645:
624:
622:
601:
599:
578:
576:
557:
552:
479:
477:Philippine peso
473:
471:Philippine peso
420:
414:
402:
398:
394:
390:
378:
369:
365:
364:) and 1864 (at
358:
351:
347:
343:
335:
323:, known as the
320:
316:
308:
304:
300:
297:real provincial
281:
277:
274:
188:in English and
171:
167:
166:
152:
144:Main articles:
142:
137:
60:
52:
50:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1661:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1616:Maltese pataca
1613:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1581:Spanish peseta
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1495:Catalan peseta
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1454:Uruguayan peso
1451:
1449:Sahrawi peseta
1446:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1419:Dominican peso
1416:
1411:
1409:Colombian peso
1406:
1401:
1399:Argentine peso
1395:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1330:
1320:
1306:
1293:
1292:
1283:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1239:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1049:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1007:
993:
992:
987:
984:
979:
965:
964:
959:
956:
951:
937:
936:
930:
929:
924:
921:
916:
902:
901:
896:
893:
888:
874:
873:
870:
867:
862:
848:
847:
842:
839:
834:
820:
819:
814:
811:
806:
792:
791:
788:
785:
782:
773:Argentine peso
768:
765:
762:
761:
758:
756:Uruguayan peso
753:
739:
738:
735:
725:
711:
710:
707:
702:
688:
687:
684:
682:Dominican peso
679:
665:
664:
661:
656:
642:
641:
638:
636:Colombian peso
633:
619:
618:
615:
610:
596:
595:
592:
590:Argentine peso
587:
573:
572:
566:
563:
556:
553:
551:
548:
531:
530:
527:
524:
491:Spanish dollar
487:Real de a Ocho
475:Main article:
472:
469:
430:, marked with
416:Main article:
413:
410:
399:5 pesetas
395:20 reales
383:Spanish peseta
373:silver escudos
348:20 reales
273:
270:
239:real de a ocho
221:Mexican dollar
213:Spanish dollar
209:piece of eight
146:Spanish dollar
141:
138:
136:
133:
129:Spanish dollar
104:Spanish dollar
86:Spanish Empire
51:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1660:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1536:Honduran peso
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1490:Bolivian peso
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1379:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1287:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1240:
1237:
1226:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1122:Peruvian peso
1120:
1118:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1038:Honduran peso
1036:
1034:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:Guinea-Bissau
995:
994:
991:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
967:
966:
963:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
939:
938:
935:
932:
931:
928:
925:
920:
915:
903:
900:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
876:
875:
868:
866:
863:
861:
850:
849:
846:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
822:
821:
818:
815:
812:
810:
809:Bolivian peso
807:
805:
794:
793:
789:
786:
783:
780:
779:
776:
774:
759:
757:
754:
752:
741:
740:
736:
733:
729:
726:
724:
713:
712:
708:
706:
703:
701:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
678:
667:
666:
662:
660:
657:
655:
644:
643:
639:
637:
634:
632:
621:
620:
616:
614:
611:
609:
598:
597:
593:
591:
588:
586:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
547:
545:
541:
536:
535:gold standard
528:
525:
522:
518:
517:
512:
508:
507:
506:
498:
494:
492:
488:
484:
478:
468:
465:
461:
455:
453:
452:metric system
448:
444:
437:
433:
429:
424:
419:
409:
406:
388:
384:
375:
374:
362:
355:
339:
332:
330:
329:peso sencillo
326:
317:8 reales
314:
313:real nacional
298:
293:
291:
287:
278:8 reales
269:
266:
262:
256:
254:
250:
246:
245:
240:
236:
232:
228:
227:
222:
218:
214:
210:
205:
201:
199:
198:
193:
192:
187:
182:
181:Latin America
177:
164:
161:
157:
151:
147:
132:
130:
126:
125:
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
92:
87:
83:
79:
78:Latin America
76:countries in
75:
71:
70:monetary unit
67:
58:
48:
39:
33:
19:
1588:
1584:
1576:Spanish peso
1442:
1434:Mexican peso
1422:
1404:Chilean peso
1382:
1381:
1337:
1324:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1286:
1272:
1236:Money portal
1178:Spanish peso
1130:Peruvian sol
770:
731:
705:Mexican peso
613:Chilean peso
532:
514:
503:
490:
486:
482:
480:
456:
449:
445:
441:
435:
431:
418:Mexican peso
387:French franc
371:
360:
353:
340:
333:
328:
324:
312:
296:
294:
290:billon alloy
285:
275:
257:
252:
248:
242:
238:
234:
230:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
206:
202:
195:
189:
185:
178:
155:
153:
150:Spanish real
122:
121:worth eight
118:
116:
65:
63:
56:
46:
1392:Circulating
1145:Puerto Rico
914:El Salvador
723:Philippines
460:U.S. dollar
311:now called
299:worth only
197:quinto real
117:The silver
112:Philippines
96:dollar sign
88:, the word
82:Philippines
72:of several
32:Peso (song)
1632:Categories
1414:Cuban peso
1386:or similar
1378:Currencies
1339:well-being
1334:Shaw, W.A.
1317:: 176, 180
1278:"8 Reales"
1264:References
832:Costa Rica
787:Final Year
659:Cuban peso
403:22.5
377:, each of
350:, each of
325:peso maria
1611:Peso sign
1497:(pesseta)
1336:(1967) ,
1201:Venezuela
1061:Nicaragua
977:Guatemala
585:Argentina
565:Currency
546:in 1898.
519:(now the
438:â), 1859.
359:100
288:(made of
191:macuquina
154:The name
1604:See also
1423:peso oro
1222:See also
1089:Paraguay
1033:Honduras
781:Country
631:Colombia
569:ISO 4217
562:Country
361:centimos
352:10
272:In Spain
1585:pesseta
1463:Defunct
934:Bitcoin
886:Ecuador
804:Bolivia
751:Uruguay
555:Current
370:2
354:decimos
309:$ 0.125
244:patacĂłn
235:patacĂŁo
226:piastre
170:⁄
68:is the
1618:(coin)
1589:pezeta
1380:named
1198:
1170:
1142:
1114:
1086:
1058:
1030:
1002:
974:
946:
911:
883:
857:
829:
801:
767:Former
748:
720:
700:Mexico
697:
674:
651:
628:
605:
582:
321:$ 0.80
301:$ 0.10
253:fuerte
231:pataca
163:silver
124:reales
100:dollar
53:
43:
1210:1874
1182:1869
1173:Spain
1154:1900
1126:1863
1098:1943
1070:1912
1042:1931
1014:1997
986:1925
958:1975
923:1919
895:1884
869:2020
841:1896
813:1986
608:Chile
571:code
251:, or
18:Pesos
1638:Peso
1443:piso
1383:peso
1186:Euro
1117:Peru
860:Cuba
760:UYU
737:PHP
732:piso
709:MXN
686:DOP
663:CUP
654:Cuba
640:COP
617:CLP
594:ARS
483:piso
249:duro
160:real
156:peso
148:and
119:peso
91:peso
66:peso
64:The
57:peso
47:peso
489:or
391:$ 1
366:$ 1
357:or
344:$ 1
336:$ 1
327:or
303:or
282:$ 1
233:or
186:cob
1634::
1587:,
1313:,
872:â
775:.
734:)
462:.
436:bu
401:=
397:=
393:=
368:=
346:=
280:=
255:.
247:,
241:,
215:,
114:.
1591:)
1583:(
1445:)
1441:(
1425:)
1421:(
1370:e
1363:t
1356:v
1343:.
1329:.
1319:.
1315:I
1305:.
1280:.
730:(
523:)
405:g
172:8
168:3
108:â±
59:.
49:.
34:.
20:)
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