Classical liberalism

10948:(published in 1820). The second book which was a rebuttal of Say's law had little influence on contemporary economists. However, his first book became a major influence on classical liberalism. In that book, Malthus claimed that population growth would outstrip food production because population grew geometrically while food production grew arithmetically. As people were provided with food, they would reproduce until their growth outstripped the food supply. Nature would then provide a check to growth in the forms of vice and misery. No gains in income could prevent this and any welfare for the poor would be self-defeating. The poor were in fact responsible for their own problems which could have been avoided through self-restraint. 13686:

individualism of classical liberalism and "ubertraditionalism." It represents adherence to the bourgeois organization of society epitomized by that much-maligned word, "Victorian": with its faith in individualism, capitalism, progress, and virtue. Having been silenced by the seemingly endless march of "embedded liberalism" since the New Deal, American conservatism has, since the late 1960s, regrouped, and under Presidents Reagan and George W. Bush created a new powerful political movement. Thus, apart from the brief period of Margaret Thatcher's ascendancy in Britain, it is only in the United States that the classical liberal tradition continues to have political force.

6788: 3554: 10956:, he acknowledged that utility could influence the price of some rare items. Rents on agricultural land were seen as the production that was surplus to the subsistence required by the tenants. Wages were seen as the amount required for workers' subsistence and to maintain current population levels. According to his iron law of wages, wages could never rise beyond subsistence levels. Ricardo explained profits as a return on capital, which itself was the product of labour, but a conclusion many drew from his theory was that profit was a surplus appropriated by 5131: 3335: 6708: 10506: 6720: 5062: 10492: 6696: 15872: 11148:

necessary to command our customers for our manufacturers...But war, although the greatest of consumers, not only produces nothing in return, but, by abstracting labour from productive employment and interrupting the course of trade, it impedes, in a variety of indirect ways, the creation of wealth; and, should hostilities be continued for a series of years, each successive war-loan will be felt in our commercial and manufacturing districts with an augmented pressure

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without ever destroying what had once been built, but basing upon it every new departure". This liberalism had "insensibly adapted ancient institutions to modern needs" and "instinctively recoiled from all abstract proclamations of principles and rights". Ruggiero claimed that this liberalism was challenged by what he called the "new Liberalism of France" that was characterised by egalitarianism and a "rationalistic consciousness".

15860: 2681: 11217: 10720: 15886: 10875:". His main emphasis was on the benefit of free internal and international trade, which he thought could increase wealth through specialisation in production. He also opposed restrictive trade preferences, state grants of monopolies and employers' organisations and trade unions. Government should be limited to defence, public works and the administration of justice, financed by taxes based on income. 10824: 19803: 10674:

an expansive sense of what we are put on this earth to accomplish. ... For Smith, mercantilism was the enemy of human liberty. For Keynes, monopolies were. It makes perfect sense for an eighteenth-century thinker to conclude that humanity would flourish under the market. For a twentieth century thinker committed to the same ideal, government was an essential tool to the same end.

10928:, believing that prices were determined by utility and also emphasised the critical role of the entrepreneur in the economy. However, neither of those observations became accepted by British economists at the time. His most important contribution to economic thinking was Say's law, which was interpreted by classical economists that there could be no 11182:(1883–1946), who was a classical liberal in his early life, to say that this was a doctrine on which he was "brought up" and which he held unquestioned only until the 1920s. In his review of a book on Keynes, Michael S. Lawlor argues that it may be in large part due to Keynes' contributions in economics and politics, as in the implementation of the 11178:, which he believed was the result of the economic restrictions of mercantilist policies. To Cobden and many classical liberals, those who advocated peace must also advocate free markets. The belief that free trade would promote peace was widely shared by English liberals of the 19th and early 20th century, leading the economist 3331:, since classical liberalism was introduced in the late 18th century as a leftist movement. They believed these goals required a free economy with minimal government interference. Some elements of Whiggery were uncomfortable with the commercial nature of classical liberalism. These elements became associated with conservatism. 10976:, was that public policy should seek to provide "the greatest happiness of the greatest number". While this could be interpreted as a justification for state action to reduce poverty, it was used by classical liberals to justify inaction with the argument that the net benefit to all individuals would be higher. 11162:

belong to a nation, financial power may be the most reliable in forcing nations to pursue the noble cause of peace (though not from moral motives); and wherever in the world war threatens to break out, they will try to head it off through mediation, just as if they were permanently leagued for this purpose.

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in a market and that there would always be a balance between supply and demand. This general belief influenced government policies until the 1930s. Following this law, since the economic cycle was seen as self-correcting, government did not intervene during periods of economic hardship because it was

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The classical liberals advocated policies to increase liberty and prosperity. They sought to empower the commercial class politically and to abolish royal charters, monopolies, and the protectionist policies of mercantilism so as to encourage entrepreneurship and increase productive efficiency. They

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As a trustee, government was expected to serve the interests of the people, not the rulers; and rulers were expected to follow the laws enacted by legislatures. Locke also held that the main purpose of men uniting into commonwealths and governments was for the preservation of their property. Despite

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The idea that liberalism comes in two forms assumes that the most fundamental question facing mankind is how much government intervenes into the economy. ... When instead we discuss human purpose and the meaning of life, Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes are on the same side. Both of them possessed

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Of course, the original conservatives had not really been conservatives either. They were merely classical liberals. It seems to be the case in American that most so-called conservatives have really been something else. This has confused not only external observers of American conservatism (be they

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The changing economic and social conditions of the 19th century led to a division between neo-classical and social (or welfare) liberals, who while agreeing on the importance of individual liberty differed on the role of the state. Neo-classical liberals, who called themselves "true liberals", saw

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y virtue of their mutual interest does nature unite people against violence and war, for the concept of cosmopolitan right does not protect them from it. The spirit of trade cannot coexist with war, and sooner or later this spirit dominates every people. For among all those powers (or means) that

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Although Locke did not develop a theory of natural rights, he envisioned individuals in the state of nature as being free and equal. The individual, rather than the community or institutions, was the point of reference. Locke believed that individuals had given consent to government and therefore

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When the growing complexity of industrial conditions required increasing government intervention in order to assure more equal opportunities, the liberal tradition, faithful to the goal rather than to the dogma, altered its view of the state. ... There emerged the conception of a social welfare

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also identified differences between "Montesquieu and Rousseau, the English and the democratic types of liberalism" and argued that there was a "profound contrast between the two Liberal systems". He claimed that the spirit of "authentic English Liberalism" had "built up its work piece by piece

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would ensure that products that people desired were produced at prices they would pay. In a free market, both labour and capital would receive the greatest possible reward, while production would be organized efficiently to meet consumer demand. Classical liberals argued for what they called a

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The major votaries of classical liberalism today are American conservatives. For as Hayek noted: "It is the doctrine on which the American system of government is based. "But, contemporary American conservatism is a novel brew which Micklethwait and Wooldridge rightly note is a mixture of the

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he honours, the fame, the emoluments of war, belong not to ; the battle-plain is the harvest field of the aristocracy, watered with the blood of the people. ... Whilst our trade rested upon our foreign dependencies, as was the case in the middle of the last century...force and violence, were

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distinguished between what he called "Anglican and Gallican Liberty". Lieber asserted that "independence in the highest degree, compatible with safety and broad national guarantees of liberty, is the great aim of Anglican liberty, and self-reliance is the chief source from which it draws its

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is a modern form of neoclassical liberalism. However, Edwin Van de Haar states although classical liberal thought influenced libertarianism, there are significant differences between them. Classical liberalism refuses to give priority to liberty over order and therefore does not exhibit the

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In the United States, liberalism took a strong root because it had little opposition to its ideals, whereas in Europe liberalism was opposed by many reactionary or feudal interests such as the nobility; the aristocracy, including army officers; the landed gentry; and the established church.

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state, in which the national government had the express obligation to maintain high levels of employment in the economy, to supervise standards of life and labour, to regulate the methods of business competition, and to establish comprehensive patterns of social security.

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Another new movement was the Modern of Ryszard Petru, later styled as Modern (Nowoczesna) or simply ".N." This classical liberal party created by an economist, Ryszard Petru, received 7.6% of votes and 28 seats in the Sejm (it later gained an additional deputy who left

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Smith wrote that as long as supply, demand, prices and competition were left free of government regulation, the pursuit of material self-interest, rather than altruism, would maximise the wealth of a society through profit-driven production of goods and services. An

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economics. However, Mill adherents rejected Smith's belief that the "invisible hand" would lead to general benefits and embraced Malthus' view that population expansion would prevent any general benefit and Ricardo's view of the inevitability of class conflict.

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did not mean no government intervention at all. On the contrary, they were more than willing to see government provide tariffs, railroad subsidies, and internal improvements, all of which benefited producers. What they condemned was intervention on behalf of

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justified these rights. Whigs believed that executive power had to be constrained. While they supported limited suffrage, they saw voting as a privilege rather than as a right. However, there was no consistency in Whig ideology and diverse writers including

10860:" directed individuals and firms to work toward the public good as an unintended consequence of efforts to maximise their own gain. This provided a moral justification for the accumulation of wealth, which had previously been viewed by some as sinful. 3327:, the slave trade, high prices, and high taxes. There was greater unity among classical liberals than there had been among Whigs. Classical liberals were committed to individualism, liberty, and equal rights, as well as some other important tenants of 11011:, which were seen as irrational. Utility, which emphasises the happiness of individuals, became the central ethical value of all Mill-style liberalism. Although utilitarianism inspired wide-ranging reforms, it became primarily a justification for 10951:

Ricardo, who was an admirer of Smith, covered many of the same topics, but while Smith drew conclusions from broadly empirical observations he used deduction, drawing conclusions by reasoning from basic assumptions While Ricardo accepted Smith's

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the ambiguity of Locke's definition of property, which limited property to "as much land as a man tills, plants, improves, cultivates, and can use the product of", this principle held great appeal to individuals possessed of great wealth.

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Whichever way you look at it, American conservatism has embraced a great chunk of classical liberalism-so much of it that many observers have argued that American conservatism was an oxymoron; that it is basically classical liberalism in

11143:, Smith argued that as societies progressed from hunter gatherers to industrial societies the spoils of war would rise, but that the costs of war would rise further and thus making war difficult and costly for industrialised nations: 2825:

Classical liberalism gained full flowering in the early 18th century, building on ideas dating at least as far back as the 16th century, within the Iberian, British, and Central European contexts, and it was foundational to the

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were confident that their early victories would lead to a period of expanding economic and personal liberty and world peace, but would face reversals as government intervention and activity continued to expand from the 1850s.

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strength". On the other hand, Gallican liberty "is sought in government ... . he French look for the highest degree of political civilisation in organisation, that is, in the highest degree of interference by public power".

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political parties are also included in classical liberal parties in a broad sense, but only general classical liberal parties such as Germany's FDP, Denmark's Liberal Alliance and Thailand Democrat Party should be listed.

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were almost universally the ideas of classical liberalism. Freedom, according to classical liberals, was maximised when the government took a "hands off" attitude toward the economy. Historian Kathleen G. Donohue argues:

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later came to cite them. However, much of later liberal thought was absent in Locke's writings or scarcely mentioned and his writings have been subject to various interpretations. For example, there is little mention of

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hostility to the state which is the defining feature of libertarianism. As such, right-libertarians believe classical liberals do not have enough respect for individual property rights and lack sufficient trust in the

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They had all forgotten that the classical liberal Karl Popper was definitely opposed to the big bang of rapid changes in whole societal systems. He assumed that changes of this type were bound to cause massive human

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and the way economies have been managed since his work, "that we have the luxury of not facing his unpalatable choice between free trade and full employment". A related manifestation of this idea was the argument of

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were finally repealed in 1846 by the removal of tariffs on grain which kept the price of bread artificially high, but it came too late to stop the Irish famine, partly because it was done in stages over three years.

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have the potential to free states from the looming prospect of recurrent warfare". American political scientists John R. Oneal and Bruce M. Russett, well known for their work on the democratic peace theory, state:

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Called the "Jacksonian Era," this era was characterized by greater voting rights for white men, a hands-off approach to economic issues, and a desire to spread U.S. culture and government west (an outlook called

3063:, reasoning that in a pure democracy a "common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole ... and there is nothing to check the inducements to sacrifice the weaker party". 3054:

nor government by a majority vote by citizens because "there is nothing in the bare idea of majority rule to show that majorities will always respect the rights of property or maintain rule of law". For example,

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Public works and services that cannot be provided in a free market such as a stable currency, standard weights and measures and building and upkeep of roads, canals, harbours, railways, communications and postal

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also campaigned against the Corn Laws that protected landlords in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland against competition from less expensive foreign imports of cereal products. A rigid belief in

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would have any general benefits. Most classical liberals also supported legislation to regulate the number of hours that children were allowed to work and usually did not oppose factory reform legislation.

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Moreover, Americans do not use the term liberalism in the same way that Europeans do. In fact, classical European liberalism more closely resembles what we (and what Americans generally) call conservatism.

10226: 14266: 10745:, which had been written as a defence of the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Although these writings were considered too radical at the time for Britain's new rulers, Whigs, radicals and supporters of the 11079:

took the position that regulation of factory hours was harmful to workers and also strongly opposed state support for education, health, the provision of water, and granting of patents and copyrights.

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were the leading neo-classical liberal theorists of the 19th century. The evolution from classical to social/welfare liberalism is for example reflected in Britain in the evolution of the thought of

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Liberal Alliance Formerly New Alliance, Liberal Alliance are a center right, classical liberal party formed in 2007 by former members of the Social Liberal Party and the Conservative People's Party.

2983:, classical liberals believed that it was in the common interest that all individuals be able to secure their own economic self-interest. They were critical of what would come to be the idea of the 1243: 14290: 13450: 3323:

adapted the language of Locke to the ideology of radicalism. The radicals saw parliamentary reform as a first step toward dealing with their many grievances, including the treatment of

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Laws to protect citizens from wrongs committed against them by other citizens, which included protection of individual rights, private property, enforcement of contracts and common law.

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This article is about the branch of liberalism that advocates civil liberties with an emphasis on economic freedom. For the liberal economic system organized on individual lines, see

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nature and therefore stipulate that other individuals and governments are to refrain from interfering with the free market, opposing social liberals who assert that individuals have

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criticised Ricardo for his lack of support for free trade and expressed hostility to welfare, believing that the lower orders were responsible for their economic circumstances.

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in 1848. Smith addressed the motivation for economic activity, the causes of prices and the distribution of wealth and the policies the state should follow to maximise wealth.

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In the context of American politics, "classical liberalism" may be described as "fiscally conservative" and "socially liberal". Despite this, classical liberals tend to reject

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was a French economist who introduced Smith's economic theories into France and whose commentaries on Smith were read in both France and Britain. Say challenged Smith's

10914:. The pessimistic nature of these theories provided a basis for criticism of capitalism by its opponents and helped perpetuate the tradition of calling economics the " 11491: 8988: 15195: 9872: 14978: 3466:

as the best guide and emphasised "limited government" while social liberals supported government regulation and the welfare state. Herbert Spencer in Britain and

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By the turn of the century, the left liberals Friedrich Naumann and Barth sought to redefine classical liberalism for the needs of the rising industrial society.

11197:(1909), that the interdependence of the economies of the major powers was now so great that war between them was futile and irrational; and therefore unlikely. 3047:, and the right to a minimum wage. For society to guarantee positive rights, it requires taxation over and above the minimum needed to enforce negative rights. 11881:, noted that "Many on the left and right criticize classical liberals for focusing purely on economics and politics to the neglect of a vital issue: culture." 10277: 13427: 8517: 3432:, non-intervention in foreign affairs, and individual liberty, believed that social institutions could be rationally redesigned through the principles of 17536: 12573: 4819: 1007: 14659: 11174:

Cobden believed that military expenditures worsened the welfare of the state and benefited a small, but concentrated elite minority, summing up British

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Classical liberalism was the dominant political theory in Britain from the early 19th century until the First World War. Its notable victories were the

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that individuals created government to protect themselves from each other and to minimize conflict between individuals that would otherwise arise in a

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From the 1790s to the 1820s, British radicals concentrated on parliamentary and electoral reform, emphasising natural rights and popular sovereignty.

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are seen as the most prominent advocates of classical liberalism. However, other scholars have made reference to these contemporary thoughts as

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to only 3% for imports and exports and in 1790. Ottoman free trade policies were praised by British economists advocating free trade such as

1032: 1002: 14945: 14756: 2968:. These beliefs were complemented by a belief that financial incentive could best motivate labourers. This belief led to the passage of the 16856: 11527: 10408: 8676: 5536: 5110: 2711: 1707: 1084: 17757: 15005: 14321: 13156: 11642: 10803:

Locke held that the individual had the right to follow his own religious beliefs and that the state should not impose a religion against

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Freedom and Solidarity (Slovak: Sloboda a Solidarita, SaS): Limited government, EU-sceptic, Euro-critical, classical-Liberal/Libertarian

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Hayek: A Collaborative Biography: Part XI: Orwellian Rectifiers, Mises' 'Evil Seed' of Christianity and the 'Free' Market Welfare State

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The Dividing Line Between Success and Failure: A Comparison of Liberalism in the Netherlands and Germany in the 19th and 20th Centuries

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leading to their support of a much larger state. Right-libertarians also disagree with classical liberals as being too supportive of

1037: 157: 15084: 12838: 14342:... thought of classical liberal figures such as John Locke, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant, Giuseppe Mazzini, and John Stuart Mill. ... 11035:

was not uniform and some economists advocated state support of public works and education. Classical liberals were also divided on

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Smith's economics was carried into practice in the nineteenth century with the lowering of tariffs in the 1820s, the repeal of the

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Hayek conceded that the national labels did not exactly correspond to those belonging to each tradition since he saw the Frenchmen

1427: 12447:"Hayek as classical liberal public intellectual: Neoliberalism, the privatization of public discourse and the future of democracy" 10702:, only in the United States does classical liberalism continue to be a significant political force through American conservatism. 17546: 10938: 10231: 9919: 8998: 8005: 6133: 6118: 5093: 4776: 4700: 4688: 3374:, who opposed aristocratic privilege, militarism, and public expenditure and believed that the backbone of Great Britain was the 1017: 14900: 17002: 16974: 15122: 10642: 10282: 8719: 6925: 5028: 3590: 2914: 1506: 19515: 17613: 16923: 16635: 15890: 12556: 12524: 12429: 12314: 12152: 11487: 10630: 6817: 6143: 5165: 5008: 1551: 1345: 1124: 34:. For the branch of liberalism that endorses a regulated market economy and the expansion of civil and political rights, see 17: 15492: 11888:, argued that classical liberalism "may contradict some fundamental democratic principles as they are inconsistent with the 11094:

in Ireland, during which an estimated 1.5 million people died. The minister responsible for economic and financial affairs,

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Retrieving Liberalism from Rationalist Constructivism, Volume II: Basics of a Liberal Psychological, Social and Moral Order

11855: 11586: 11521: 9957: 9879: 9013: 8777: 8624: 8333: 7391: 6935: 6606: 6239: 6098: 3511: 3387: 1377: 1238: 1186: 1181: 10567:". As the United States grew, industry became a larger and larger part of American life; and during the term of its first 19851: 17586: 17191: 16969: 16670: 12625: 12343: 11538: 10735: 9776: 7381: 7251: 5245: 5118: 3491: 3462: 3452:

and other classical liberals concluded that historical development was turning against them. By the First World War, the

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identified two different traditions within classical liberalism, namely the British tradition and the French tradition:

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and "American Project" more broadly. Notable liberal individuals whose ideas contributed to classical liberalism include

1494: 1206: 1057: 659: 15184: 11098:, expected that private enterprise and free trade, rather than government intervention, would alleviate the famine. The 11051:

Despite the pragmatism of classical economists, their views were expressed in dogmatic terms by such popular writers as

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Classical liberals following Mill saw utility as the foundation for public policies. This broke both with conservative "

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He assumed that workers could be paid wages as low as was necessary for their survival, which was later transformed by

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was seen as the only possible economic approach and any government intervention was seen as useless and harmful. The

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authority derived from the people rather than from above. This belief would influence later revolutionary movements.

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Several liberals, including Smith and Cobden, argued that the free exchange of goods between nations could lead to

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and sometimes included freedom of the press and freedom of speech. The origins of rights were seen as being in an

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and several other political scholars have argued that classical liberalism still exists today, but in the form of

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Among these figures one finds two defenders of the classical liberal tradition, Karl Popper and Raymond Aron; ...

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The view that modern liberalism is a continuation of classical liberalism is controversial and disputed by many.

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brought together a coalition of liberal and radical groups in support of free trade under the leadership of

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Core beliefs of classical liberals included new ideas – which departed from both the older

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Selfish Libertarians and Socialist Conservatives?: The Foundations of the Libertarian–Conservative Debate

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debate, arguing that it destroyed what had been "some of the finest manufactures of the world" in 1812.

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of 1688 and was associated with supporting the British Parliament, upholding the rule of law, defending

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on the European Right or on the American Left), but it has confused American conservatives as well.

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Ishiyama, John T.; Breuning, Marijke; et al. (Ellen Grigsby) (2011). "Neoclassical liberals".

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Although classical liberals aspired to a minimum of state activity, they accepted the principle of

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and in traditions and institutions which had spontaneously evolved but were imperfectly understood.

2573: 2269: 2116: 1955: 1929: 1851: 1796: 1305: 1290: 1156: 1052: 303: 110: 17440: 17325: 15149:"Ideology and the good society in South Africa: the education policies of the Democratic Alliance" 907: 792: 19291: 19232: 19185: 19043: 19006: 18374: 18289: 18279: 18203: 18069: 18041: 17672: 17541: 17380: 16997: 16913: 16724: 16542: 16423: 16295: 15980: 15945: 15541: 15434: 15222:

Pacific Currents: The Responses of U.S. Allies and Security Partners in East Asia to China's Rise

15011: 14955: 14389: 12548: 12169: 12099: 12084: 12069: 11997: 11982: 11970: 11801: 11777: 11670: 11413: 11238: 10462: 10398: 10096: 10056: 9914: 9786: 9243: 9128: 8954: 8467: 7777: 7106: 6910: 6890: 6622: 6486: 6388: 5854: 5230: 5019: 4914: 4731: 4442: 3494:, dating back to the first commercial treaties signed with France in 1536 and taken further with 3437: 3398: 3379: 2898: 2815: 2802:, to distinguish earlier 19th-century liberalism from social liberalism. By modern standards, in 2465: 2111: 2106: 2096: 1791: 1610: 1489: 1432: 1320: 1285: 1144: 1099: 1012: 847: 237: 202: 83: 17221: 15377: 12495:

From Politics Past to Politics Future: An Integrated Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigmss

689: 19424: 19356: 18436: 18274: 17852: 17827: 17817: 17556: 17526: 16964: 16903: 16888: 16819: 16784: 16779: 16759: 16521: 15965: 15815:

From politics past to politics future: an integrated analysis of current and emergent paradigms

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Historical classical liberal parties or parties with classical liberal factions (Since 1900s)

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summarizes the viewpoint that there is a continuous liberal understanding that includes both

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The Miscellaneous Writings of Francis Lieber, Volume II: Contributions to Political Science

12109: 12079: 12057: 12042: 12032: 11938: 11646: 11359: 11044: 11025: 10879: 10789: 10755: 10622: 10579: 10510: 10336: 10173: 10121: 9894: 9489: 9138: 9038: 9033: 8993: 8704: 8507: 8447: 8417: 8388: 8040: 7955: 7441: 7271: 6895: 6724: 6643: 6581: 6472: 6458: 6318: 6259: 5909: 5511: 5448: 5433: 5273: 5240: 5205: 5195: 5066: 4595: 4252: 4019: 3791: 3698: 3663: 3584: 3363: 3339: 3284: 3170: 3079: 3044: 2811: 2648: 2603: 2545: 2249: 2244: 2181: 2176: 1934: 1771: 1632: 1447: 1392: 1382: 1360: 1340: 1335: 1295: 1280: 1258: 1221: 1171: 1129: 1119: 1079: 599: 564: 473: 426: 271: 145: 140: 135: 17121: 16572: 13670:

Reviving the Invisible Hand: The Case for Classical Liberalism in the Twenty-first Century

11008: 10979:

Utilitarianism provided British governments with the political justification to implement

10625:". Classical liberalism remained the orthodox belief among American businessmen until the 589: 63: 8: 19846: 19819: 19774: 19764: 19723: 19671: 19656: 19585: 19565: 19547: 19379: 19346: 19207: 19194: 19001: 18798: 18709: 18664: 18570: 18456: 18269: 18117: 17689: 17455: 17226: 17166: 17116: 16834: 16562: 16547: 16537: 16496: 16428: 16413: 16398: 16393: 16308: 16227: 16222: 16100: 16019: 15960: 15904: 15796: 15092: 12283: 12052: 12007: 12002: 11965: 11960: 11495: 11179: 10980: 10911: 10746: 10666: 10614: 10496: 10346: 10153: 9924: 9680: 9608: 9594: 9433: 9392: 9351: 9344: 9236: 9079: 8949: 8944: 8919: 8587: 8477: 8173: 8153: 8010: 7960: 7832: 7684: 7286: 7196: 6964: 6807: 6700: 6668: 6566: 6493: 5894: 5579: 5574: 5438: 5398: 5378: 5353: 5343: 5220: 4989: 4975: 4829: 4781: 4726: 4590: 4570: 4357: 4064: 3919: 3879: 3668: 3658: 3578: 3487: 3471: 3276: 3000: 2847: 2827: 2795: 2728: 2362: 2284: 2239: 2234: 2101: 2091: 1991: 1801: 1766: 1724: 1627: 1275: 1248: 1191: 1139: 922: 694: 634: 584: 357: 276: 217: 150: 120: 115: 88: 47: 31: 18531: 14178:"The Classical Liberals Were Right: Democracy, Interdependence, and Conflict, 1950–1985" 12196: 10633:

saw a sea change in liberalism, with priority shifting from the producers to consumers.

2950: 19769: 19738: 19718: 19666: 19648: 19623: 19618: 19570: 19557: 19524: 19419: 19321: 19256: 19212: 19156: 18996: 18825: 18719: 18627: 18431: 18310: 18301: 18264: 18259: 18165: 18160: 18137: 18056: 17870: 17797: 17495: 17430: 17330: 16928: 16893: 16580: 16552: 16462: 16095: 16075: 15759: 15067:"Cotrim Figueiredo: Iniciativa Liberal "não ganhou estas eleições mas ganhou o futuro"" 13924: 13361: 13319: 13183: 12476: 11865: 11548: 11542: 11510: 11502: 11377: 11193: 11120: 10883: 10759: 10455: 10262: 10168: 10106: 10091: 10051: 9979: 9754: 9686: 9669: 9496: 9482: 9285: 9028: 9023: 8973: 8799: 8148: 8030: 7639: 7554: 7301: 7296: 7241: 7221: 7158: 7086: 6991: 6969: 6942: 6541: 6219: 6214: 5914: 5739: 5729: 5443: 5373: 5215: 5150: 5130: 4940: 4580: 4507: 4477: 4462: 4447: 4342: 3934: 3914: 3869: 3811: 3743: 3453: 3355: 3328: 3324: 3115: 3071: 2973: 2756: 2608: 2568: 2445: 2294: 2259: 2046: 2006: 1961: 1881: 1836: 1816: 1350: 1253: 1166: 962: 897: 797: 352: 332: 169: 17146: 16286: 12668:, ed. Robert E. Goodin and Philip Pettit (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 1995), p. 293. 10605:

magazine espoused liberalism every week starting in 1865 under the influential editor

3334: 3174: 614: 19807: 19708: 19703: 19688: 19628: 19590: 19575: 19532: 19103: 19063: 18981: 18909: 18892: 18870: 18498: 18473: 18284: 18104: 17847: 17725: 17475: 17231: 17161: 17136: 17126: 17106: 16418: 16348: 16323: 16259: 16137: 16024: 15955: 15832: 15818: 15802: 15771: 15722: 15703: 15684: 15661: 15642: 15627: 15609: 15587: 15568: 15549: 15527: 15508: 15484: 15476: 15466: 15337: 15295: 15284: 15159: 15046: 15015: 14984: 14908: 14880: 14766: 14732: 14607: 14566: 14538: 14506: 14473: 14425: 14393: 14331: 14213: 14146: 14125: 14104: 13973: 13916: 13674: 13644: 13613: 13606:"A History of Inherent Contradictions: The Origins and Ends of American Conservatism" 13577: 13566: 13541: 13514: 13487: 13398: 13299: 13278: 13243: 13216: 13189: 13037: 12921: 12830: 12686: 12552: 12520: 12498: 12480: 12468: 12425: 12398: 12310: 12037: 11987: 11975: 11915: 11843: 11756: 11722: 11568: 11437: 11383: 11311: 11133:

also expected democracy and laissez-faire economics to diminish the frequency of war.

11056: 10921: 10907: 10872: 10751: 10691: 10687: 10560: 10126: 10086: 10024: 9337: 9313: 9278: 8839: 8684: 8348: 8263: 8193: 7910: 7827: 7807: 7792: 7732: 7589: 7584: 7559: 7494: 7479: 7446: 7416: 7401: 7346: 7326: 7311: 7126: 7028: 6957: 6842: 6688: 6663: 6638: 6531: 6437: 6360: 6249: 5829: 5709: 5674: 5669: 5531: 5493: 5473: 5468: 5348: 5283: 5278: 5190: 5053: 4630: 4615: 4467: 4327: 4297: 4079: 3889: 3673: 3648: 3514: 3441: 3238: 3235:

as originating from the French tradition and alien to the beliefs of Hume and Smith.

3218: 3194: 3190: 3088: 2996: 2893: 2835: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2673: 2540: 2407: 2397: 2342: 2264: 2138: 2123: 2001: 1971: 1901: 1891: 1826: 1669: 942: 699: 629: 604: 594: 574: 394: 281: 212: 174: 35: 15677:

Neo-Liberal Ideology: History, Concepts and Policies: History, Concepts and Policies

10815:, who were seen as owing allegiance to the Pope over their own national government. 8223: 3059:

argued for a constitutional republic with protections for individual liberty over a

19759: 19693: 19683: 19384: 19331: 19281: 19261: 19222: 19217: 19058: 18986: 18704: 18615: 18506: 18478: 18463: 18426: 18132: 18112: 18079: 17984: 17946: 17647: 17640: 17450: 17400: 17365: 17310: 17216: 17201: 17176: 17111: 17081: 16467: 16440: 16353: 16336: 16331: 16254: 16159: 16110: 16085: 16068: 16063: 15997: 15458: 14189: 13256: 13121: 12797: 12458: 11948: 11894: 11732: 11443: 11425: 11407: 11401: 11365: 11341: 10984: 10843: 10683: 10626: 10552: 10358: 10319: 10111: 9855: 9697: 9447: 9440: 9299: 9271: 9250: 9173: 9152: 9100: 8978: 8899: 8851: 8834: 8746: 8378: 8358: 8343: 8303: 8218: 8075: 7920: 7875: 7757: 7742: 7411: 7371: 7121: 7008: 6920: 6653: 6176: 6070: 6030: 5972: 5942: 5849: 5799: 5774: 5764: 5754: 5463: 5428: 5298: 5288: 5268: 5200: 4933: 4532: 4522: 4517: 4287: 4242: 4217: 4162: 4127: 4084: 3929: 3924: 3723: 3653: 3633: 3499: 3320: 3312:

were all influential among Whigs, although none of them were universally accepted.

3222: 3206: 3075: 2873: 2791: 2760: 2475: 2450: 2402: 2382: 2327: 2304: 2254: 2133: 2036: 2026: 2016: 1981: 1871: 1821: 1811: 1806: 1585: 1578: 917: 867: 832: 777: 684: 669: 644: 579: 549: 416: 367: 342: 325: 320: 254: 179: 105: 93: 17370: 14785: 12463: 12446: 10882:

that had restricted the mobility of labour in 1834 and the end of the rule of the

10617:, led to economic hardship from which the voters demanded relief. In the words of 3378:

farmer. Their policies of low public expenditure and low taxation were adopted by

3070:, which argued for government to be as small as possible to allow the exercise of 837: 19465: 19434: 19399: 19364: 19242: 19093: 18991: 18949: 18860: 18848: 18833: 18808: 18783: 18553: 18421: 18416: 18333: 18318: 17991: 17875: 17510: 17500: 17485: 17405: 17395: 17375: 17266: 17246: 17206: 17181: 17091: 16239: 16196: 16184: 16174: 16115: 15975: 15970: 15791: 15786:

Liberalism and the Culture of Security: The Nineteenth-Century Rhetoric of Reform

15450: 15438: 14806: 14802:"Macron Scrambling to Salvage Liberal Reputation Worldwide After Targeting Islam" 14502: 14327: 14319: 14294: 14275: 14262: 13967: 13343: 13129: 12626:"Libertarianism and Classical Liberalism: A Short Introduction | Daniel B. Klein" 12419: 11943: 11929: 11807: 11656: 11614: 11467: 11449: 11353: 10812: 10784: 10236: 10004: 9934: 9798: 9731: 9633: 9405: 9292: 9264: 9086: 9072: 9003: 8884: 8577: 8353: 8228: 8158: 8130: 8110: 8105: 8045: 7980: 7915: 7842: 7837: 7802: 7787: 7782: 7659: 7604: 7599: 7579: 7549: 7539: 7519: 7504: 7356: 7276: 7246: 7236: 7211: 7191: 7136: 7018: 6930: 6837: 6546: 6244: 6035: 5919: 5899: 5864: 5839: 5814: 5804: 5759: 5679: 5664: 5659: 5569: 5526: 5418: 5235: 5155: 4961: 4620: 4575: 4512: 4497: 4392: 4387: 4367: 4317: 4292: 4282: 4267: 4207: 4182: 4167: 4069: 4054: 4044: 3974: 3954: 3949: 3899: 3816: 3728: 3503: 3449: 3288: 3280: 3181:

believed in rationalism and sometimes showed hostility to tradition and religion.

3107: 3040: 2965: 2869: 2865: 2748: 2685: 2530: 2435: 2392: 2372: 2367: 2357: 2352: 2274: 2069: 1681: 977: 967: 952: 872: 862: 842: 734: 714: 674: 649: 559: 453: 441: 431: 372: 232: 227: 98: 18605: 14681: 14288:

John Maynard Keynes and International Relations: Economic Paths to War and Peace

14268:

John Maynard Keynes and International Relations: Economic Paths to War and Peace

19374: 19369: 19237: 19202: 19134: 19108: 18944: 18793: 18732: 18645: 18488: 18384: 18127: 17807: 17711: 17684: 17679: 17652: 17608: 17425: 17360: 17211: 17186: 17151: 17101: 17041: 16408: 16313: 16269: 16179: 16080: 16041: 16031: 15623: 15462: 15454: 14859: 12759: 12047: 11762: 11680: 11419: 11371: 11153: 11115:. Erik Gartzke states: "Scholars like Montesquieu, Adam Smith, Richard Cobden, 11040: 10973: 10969: 10929: 10915: 10857: 10575: 10158: 10076: 9989: 9939: 9559: 9454: 9412: 9043: 8846: 8398: 8368: 8298: 8288: 8253: 8233: 7995: 7985: 7945: 7900: 7895: 7817: 7762: 7752: 7709: 7704: 7689: 7679: 7574: 7499: 7451: 7336: 7306: 7281: 7261: 7186: 6900: 6847: 6367: 6209: 5952: 5859: 5779: 5749: 5684: 5654: 5551: 5478: 5453: 5323: 4753: 4635: 4585: 4565: 4555: 4550: 4527: 4457: 4427: 4417: 4402: 4312: 4302: 4272: 4262: 4232: 4147: 4094: 4034: 3874: 3738: 3733: 3683: 3643: 3483: 3445: 3433: 3421: 3367: 3292: 3267:

heavily influenced British classical liberalism, which traces its roots to the

3246: 3060: 3013: 2954: 2881: 2839: 2638: 2623: 2593: 2515: 2011: 1856: 1846: 1776: 1761: 1756: 1649: 1622: 1617: 1590: 1546: 892: 827: 679: 654: 619: 569: 509: 436: 337: 298: 288: 162: 130: 18815: 18590: 17415: 17236: 15764:

The Classical Liberal Constitution: The Uncertain Quest for Limited Government

13314:

Eric Voegelin, Mary Algozin, and Keith Algozin, "Liberalism and Its History",

2377: 882: 704: 19835: 19429: 19341: 19271: 19013: 18803: 18737: 18694: 18563: 18188: 17974: 17956: 17667: 17460: 17420: 17350: 17320: 17286: 17281: 17261: 17141: 17066: 16839: 16360: 16264: 16232: 16189: 16052: 15748: 15601: 15488: 15442: 15163: 14359: 14246: 13920: 12472: 12384: 12074: 11624: 11473: 11389: 11335: 11329: 11275: 11188: 11183: 11167: 11116: 11024:

was defended on "scientific or economic principles" while the authors of the

10988: 10903: 10864: 10769: 10441: 9638: 9615: 9468: 9426: 9330: 9320: 9121: 9114: 9018: 8328: 8318: 8308: 8283: 8213: 8208: 8095: 8090: 8085: 8070: 8025: 7860: 7822: 7669: 7644: 7609: 7544: 7436: 7431: 7421: 7396: 7386: 7376: 7316: 7231: 7181: 6981: 6947: 6867: 6551: 6075: 6050: 6025: 5967: 5924: 5904: 5874: 5844: 5809: 5789: 5724: 5699: 5689: 5649: 5634: 5624: 5596: 5590: 5363: 5358: 5033: 4982: 4954: 4487: 4482: 4377: 4277: 4247: 4117: 4014: 3999: 3994: 3984: 3969: 3959: 3944: 3894: 3854: 3786: 3748: 3708: 3703: 3415: 3316: 3272: 3231: 3214: 3210: 3202: 3162: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3056: 3008: 2984: 2961: 2922: 2910: 2885: 2877: 2843: 2776: 2744: 2628: 2500: 2460: 2332: 1996: 1896: 1876: 1605: 927: 887: 817: 787: 754: 749: 729: 609: 534: 446: 309: 125: 15584:

Property and Prophets: The Evolution of Economic Institutions and Ideologies

14656:"Maxime Bernier's new party stakes out classical liberal values: Don Pittis" 14641: 14194: 14177: 19460: 19450: 19409: 19389: 19161: 19124: 19083: 18969: 18919: 18580: 18558: 18536: 18483: 18451: 18323: 18183: 18094: 17890: 17701: 17505: 17480: 17410: 17256: 17086: 17076: 16707: 16276: 16090: 15744: 15279: 15265: 15042:

A Comparative Introduction to Political Science: Contention and Cooperation

14436:

Friedrich Naumann was regarded as a classical liberal while also promoting

13636: 13142: 12751: 12114: 11461: 11431: 11347: 11323: 10895: 10706:

also claim to be the true continuation of the classical liberal tradition.

10163: 10101: 9850: 9736: 9643: 9573: 9510: 9372: 9222: 9215: 9180: 8966: 8393: 8383: 8248: 8243: 8198: 8183: 8168: 8120: 8060: 8055: 8035: 8000: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7925: 7880: 7812: 7772: 7767: 7727: 7694: 7674: 7534: 7489: 7406: 7351: 7331: 7321: 7291: 6556: 6181: 6045: 6040: 6020: 5992: 5977: 5957: 5884: 5879: 5834: 5824: 5784: 5744: 5719: 5704: 5644: 5639: 5629: 5403: 5308: 5250: 4895: 4625: 4437: 4432: 4422: 4412: 4407: 4372: 4222: 4212: 4192: 4177: 4157: 4152: 4122: 4089: 4024: 3979: 3964: 3884: 3844: 3623: 3402: 3309: 3226: 3123: 3092: 2992: 2972:, which limited the provision of social assistance, based on the idea that 2938: 2889: 2784: 2550: 2490: 2417: 2201: 1976: 1886: 1639: 972: 947: 877: 724: 554: 544: 347: 16675: 13212:

Explaining the Reagan Years in Central America: A World System Perspective

12648: 12646: 12252: 12089: 11039:

as Ricardo expressed doubt that the removal of grain tariffs advocated by

19455: 19394: 19266: 19246: 19151: 19088: 19048: 19028: 18954: 18924: 18585: 18521: 18213: 18198: 18074: 18064: 18013: 17979: 17918: 17490: 17291: 17276: 17251: 17046: 17031: 16341: 16281: 16149: 16002: 15950: 14831:

Like a Thief in Broad Daylight: Power in the Era of Post-Human Capitalism

13601: 12802: 12785: 12104: 12094: 11455: 11293: 11175: 11124: 11112: 11052: 10777: 10679: 10081: 9909: 9628: 9545: 9531: 8734: 8373: 8363: 8313: 8268: 8203: 8163: 8125: 8100: 8015: 7935: 7905: 7870: 7747: 7737: 7654: 7649: 7614: 7594: 7569: 7564: 7509: 7484: 7426: 7366: 7361: 7266: 7256: 7216: 7206: 7201: 7176: 7141: 7111: 7076: 7043: 7013: 6633: 6616: 6346: 6191: 6055: 5997: 5987: 5889: 5794: 5413: 5313: 5303: 5293: 4799: 4640: 4610: 4492: 4397: 4332: 4257: 4227: 4202: 4197: 4187: 4112: 4039: 4009: 3849: 3713: 3678: 3628: 3510:(1834) but criticized by British politicians opposing free trade such as 3371: 3343: 3264: 3186: 3178: 3084: 3027:

A common national defence to provide protection against foreign invaders.

2988: 2861: 2752: 2740: 2633: 2535: 2455: 2211: 1906: 1861: 1831: 1786: 957: 759: 744: 719: 514: 499: 406: 259: 207: 15871: 13928: 13904: 13726:

The Unvarnished Doctrine: Locke, Liberalism, and the American Revolution

12372:

The Unvarnished Doctrine: Locke, Liberalism, and the American Revolution

11923: 2783:

and the state involvement in the lives of individuals, and it advocates

1676: 19301: 19129: 19078: 19068: 18939: 18843: 18788: 18595: 18575: 18441: 18208: 18122: 17951: 17898: 17862: 17766: 17657: 17623: 17618: 17271: 17061: 17036: 16154: 16007: 15987: 15928: 15839: 14758:

The Right Place: How National Competitiveness Makes or Breaks Companies

14354: 13323: 13117: 12833:(22 November 1787), in Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison, 12816:

Ryan, A. (1995): "Liberalism", In: Goodin, R. E. and Pettit, P., eds.:

12679:

Edinburgh Companion to Contemporary Liberalism: Evidence and Experience

12643: 11317: 11299: 11287: 11036: 10957: 10833: 10827: 10765:

James L. Richardson identified five central themes in Locke's writing:

10730: 10723: 10699: 10662: 10658: 10601: 9845: 9382: 8739: 8323: 8258: 8020: 7990: 7930: 7865: 7629: 7524: 7514: 7474: 7131: 6561: 6444: 5962: 5869: 5458: 5408: 5328: 5160: 4968: 4926: 4452: 4362: 4337: 4172: 4132: 4074: 3989: 3864: 3781: 3425: 3390:. Classical liberalism was often associated with religious dissent and 3305: 3301: 3297: 3147: 3143: 3127: 3119: 3096: 3017: 2980: 2851: 2831: 2736: 2613: 2322: 2143: 2074: 1732: 1595: 1561: 1556: 1226: 739: 529: 504: 411: 264: 244: 55: 14728:

Denmark – Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture

12323: 11560: 10578:, economic questions came to the forefront. The economic ideas of the 19316: 19311: 19171: 19098: 19033: 18904: 18838: 18650: 18640: 18635: 18610: 18406: 17966: 17928: 17196: 16365: 14762: 14534: 12835:

The Federalist: A Commentary on the Constitution of the United States

12682: 11909: 11099: 10804: 9538: 8829: 8338: 8188: 7664: 7619: 7456: 7148: 7053: 6812: 6683: 6611: 6002: 5734: 5333: 5185: 5048: 4382: 4307: 4137: 3821: 3776: 3605: 3518: 3359: 3051: 2946: 2653: 2643: 2588: 2412: 2347: 2191: 1939: 1746: 1664: 1462: 664: 184: 18541: 14320:

Bertrand Badie; Dirk Berg-Schlosser; Leonardo Morlino, eds. (2011).

14306:

Lucien Jaume, "Hobbes and the Philosophical Sources of Liberalism",

14230: 12574:"Classical Liberalism vs. Modern Liberalism and Modern Conservatism" 11503:

Classical liberal parties or parties with classical liberal factions

11245:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. 3229:

as belonging to the French tradition. Hayek also rejected the label

19146: 19053: 19018: 18976: 18964: 18752: 18546: 18446: 18389: 18193: 18147: 18031: 17662: 17635: 17051: 16844: 16712: 16244: 16105: 14712:

Party System Change, the European Crisis and the State of Democracy

13274:

Freedom from Want: American Liberalism and the Idea of the Consumer

12256: 12017: 11305: 10638: 10568: 10388: 10370: 9649: 9580: 9566: 9552: 9524: 9377: 8178: 8080: 8050: 7699: 7624: 7529: 6080: 6065: 5819: 5584: 5546: 4907: 4746: 4502: 3806: 3401:

in the economy from the early 19th century on, with passage of the

3154: 2799: 2794:

and the rise of social liberalism, classical liberalism was called

2480: 2387: 1841: 1751: 1600: 1573: 1477: 1268: 519: 362: 15480: 13563: 13451:"Classical Liberalism vs Modern Liberalism (Socialism) – A Primer" 12497:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 124–125. 10729:

Central to classical liberal ideology was their interpretation of

18773: 18747: 18742: 18684: 18679: 18511: 18399: 18394: 18353: 18175: 18021: 17903: 17241: 16058: 15992: 15859: 15523:

An Introduction to Government and Politics: A Conceptual Approach

14628:"In praise of Australia's Liberal Democrats » The Spectator" 14450: 14385:

Against Harmony: Progressive and Radical Buddhism in Modern Japan

14231:"Commerce, Markets, and Peace: Richard Cobden's Enduring Lessons" 12599:"Libertarianism vs. Classical Liberalism: Is there a Difference?" 12421:

Darwinian Evolution and Classical Liberalism: Theories in Tension

12227:

An Introduction to Government and Politics: A Conceptual Approach

10808: 10719: 10254: 9674: 9587: 9503: 5368: 5145: 4237: 2668: 1781: 709: 315: 249: 14786:

Christopher J. Bickerton, Carlo Invernizzi Accetti, ed. (2021).

14587:"Punto por punto: el plan de gobierno que presentó Javier Milei" 13905:"Say's Law of Markets: What Did It Mean and Why Should We Care?" 10591:. To the vast majority of American classical liberals, however, 19038: 18959: 18689: 18348: 18338: 18036: 17938: 16876: 16122: 15885: 14297:

Donald Markwell (2006), reviewed by M S Lawlor (February 2008).

12139: 11596: 10807:, but there were limitations. No tolerance should be shown for 10188: 3375: 3050:

Core beliefs of classical liberals did not necessarily include

2680: 379: 15406:"The contradiction of classical liberalism and libertarianism" 15146: 13533: 12712:

An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations

3074:. In its most extreme form, neoclassical liberalism advocated 3066:

In the late 19th century, classical liberalism developed into

2902:, distinguishing them from 18th-century classical liberalism. 18854: 18516: 17802: 17735: 15896: 15700:

Degrees of Freedom: Liberal Political Philosophy and Ideology

15329: 14932:

Being M?ori in the City: Indigenous Everyday Life in Auckland

10178: 4920: 4849: 4834: 1866: 15799:

and International Relations: Economic Paths to War and Peace

15658:

Contending Liberalisms in World Politics: Ideology and Power

15520:

Dickerson, M. O.; Flanagan, Thomas; O'Neill, Brenda (2009).

13700:"'Libertarian' Is Just Another Word for (Classical) Liberal" 13239:

The Homestead Strike: Labor, Violence, and American Industry

12756:

A Life of One's Own: Individual Rights and the Welfare State

11028:

were seen as not having had the benefit of reading Malthus.

10823: 3043:, such as the right to vote, the right to an education, the 14724: 13612:. Melissa S. Williams, Joel Parker. NYU Press. p. 26. 13098: 4864: 12390:

Liberalism and Republicanism in the Historical Imagination

10587:

t the center of classical liberal theory was the idea of

2771:. Classical liberalism, contrary to liberal branches like 18699: 14210:

Ways of War and Peace: Realism, Liberalism, and Socialism

12895: 12883: 12859: 12344:"What is a 'classical liberal' approach to human rights?" 10559:

changed Locke's "life, liberty and property" to the more

4901: 3490:

free trade policies by the 18th century, with origins in

2976:

are the mechanism that most efficiently leads to wealth.

2780: 15721:(Third ed.). Chichester, England: Wiley-Blackwell. 15519: 13637:

Robert Lerner; Althea K. Nagai; Stanley Rothman (1996).

13552:

American conservatism is a form of classical liberalism.

12974: 12964: 12962: 12652: 12366: 12364: 12329: 3275:. Whiggery had become a dominant ideology following the 14083: 14081: 14068: 14066: 14064: 13755: 13731: 13036:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 86. 13015: 13013: 12944:(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980), pp. 1–32. 12849: 12847: 12765: 3444:

rejected classical liberalism altogether and advocated

14528: 12871: 11481: 10613:, thought to be impossible according to the tenets of 3201:

as belonging to the British tradition and the British

14980:

Odd Couples: A History of Gay Marriage in Scandinavia

12998: 12959: 12947: 12361: 10555:

adopted many of the ideals of liberalism, but in the

27:

Ideology supporting both civil and economic liberties

15606:

21st Century Political Science: A Reference Handbook

15357: 14846:

European Socialism: A Concise History with Documents

14788:

Technopopulism: The New Logic of Democratic Politics

14078: 14061: 14049: 14037: 13767: 13743: 13050: 13010: 12844: 12745: 12735: 12733: 11905: 10623:

You shall not crucify this nation on a cross of gold

3456:

had largely abandoned classical liberal principles.

17537:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

14954:. ACT New Zealand. 23 February 2015. Archived from 14694: 13965: 13779: 13270: 12517:

21st Century Political Science A Reference Handbook

12232: 11090:guided the government response in 1846–1849 to the 4820:

Americans United for Separation of Church and State

2921:due to classical liberalism's central principle of 1008:

Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party

15007:Nordic, Central, and Southeastern Europe 2016–2017 14879:. Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 121. 14381: 14122:A Death-Dealing Famine:The Great Hunger in Ireland 14013: 14001: 13991: 13989: 13947: 13874: 13872: 13859: 13857: 13796: 13794: 13565: 10987:'s later writings on the subject foreshadowed the 14417:Archival Insights into the Evolution of Economics 14164:Economic Freedom of the World: 2005 Annual Report 13966:Campi, Ashleigh; Scorgie-Porter, Lindsay (2017). 13062: 12986: 12940:F. A. Hayek, "Individualism: True and False", in 12730: 12718: 12487: 11191:(1872–1967), most famously before World War I in 3035:Classical liberals asserted that rights are of a 19833: 15565:Political Theory, Third Edition: An Introduction 15115:"Who is Who? On the EU-Critical Right of Centre" 14843: 14531:A History of Philosophy in the Twentieth Century 14496: 13148:Economics and World History: Myths and Paradoxes 12818:A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy 12666:A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy 12514: 2755:, with special emphasis on individual autonomy, 15660:. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers. 14323:International Encyclopedia of Political Science 14162:Erik Gartzke, "Economic Freedom and Peace," in 14143:Aspects of British Political History, 1815–1914 14025: 13986: 13935: 13884: 13869: 13854: 13842: 13830: 13818: 13806: 13791: 13568:The Right Nation: Conservative Power in America 13208: 12279:"The danger of confusing liberals and leftists" 12253:"Liberal? Are we talking about the same thing?" 11662: 15548:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 15290:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 15003: 14470:After the Soviet Empire: Legacies and Pathways 13600: 13506: 13486:. Princeton University Press. pp. 23–26. 13086: 13074: 12907: 17751: 17562:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 17532:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 15912: 15702:. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. 15085:"Political parties and elections in Slovakia" 15038: 14976: 14929: 14872: 14412: 13564:John Micklethwait; Adrian Wooldridge (2004). 13337:"Liberalism in America: A Note for Europeans" 13277:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 2. 11106: 10531: 6744: 6230:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 5087: 2705: 1701: 1033:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties 1003:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe 15817:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. 15641:. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. 15600: 15236:"Introduction to The Liberal Party Policies" 15156:Southern African Review of Education, 23 (1) 14828: 14451:P. G. C. van Schie; Gerrit Voermann (2006). 14308:The Cambridge Companion to Hobbes' Leviathan 13969:An Analysis of John Stuart Mill's On Liberty 13420:"Classical Liberalism vs. Modern Liberalism" 13394:Classical Liberalism: The Unvanquished Ideal 13141: 13104: 12786:"Does classical liberalism imply democracy?" 12519:. SAGE Publications, Inc. pp. 596–603. 11566: 10991:, it was mainly used as a justification for 5537:Individualist anarchism in the United States 2932: 2850:, especially the economic ideas espoused by 15834:Fifty Years of American Idealism: 1865–1915 15697: 14754: 14563:Liberalisms: Essays in Political Philosophy 14175: 13301:Fifty Years of American Idealism: 1865–1915 13215:. University Press of America. p. 25. 12901: 12889: 12865: 9745:National Federation of Independent Business 17758: 17744: 15919: 15905: 15632:. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. 15608:. Vol. 1. London: Sage Publications. 14709: 14524: 14522: 13673:. Princeton University Press. p. 51. 13666: 13235: 12837:, ed. Henry Cabot Lodge (New York, 1888), 12810: 10565:Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness 10538: 10524: 9841:Federation for American Immigration Reform 6751: 6737: 5094: 5080: 2712: 2698: 1708: 1694: 17567:International Federation of Liberal Youth 15753:The Liberal Tradition: From Fox to Keynes 15045:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 207. 14934:. University of Toronto Press. p. 3. 14893: 14725:Mark Salmon, Culture Smart!, ed. (2019). 14560: 14193: 13534:Nathan Schlueter; Nikolai Wenzel (2016). 13479: 13390: 12801: 12714:. Vol. I. W. Strahan; and T. Cadell. 12462: 12276: 11877:Tadd Wilson, writing for the libertarian 11261:Learn how and when to remove this message 10645:in politics for decades. In the words of 1038:International Federation of Liberal Youth 15330:Jan-Erik Lane; Svante O. Ersson (1999). 15219: 13540:. Stanford University Press. p. 8. 13308: 12783: 12701: 12699: 12250: 11643:People's Party for Freedom and Democracy 11528:NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum 10822: 10718: 10137:Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal 4855:Southern Christian Leadership Conference 3333: 17547:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 15758: 15562: 15507: 15278: 15140: 14901:"Loksatta - Government 'by' the people" 14519: 14278:, Oxford University Press, 2006, ch. 1. 13697: 13417: 12980: 12968: 12953: 12877: 12820:, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, p. 293. 12383: 12341: 10939:An Essay on the Principle of Population 10709: 4777:Center for Budget and Policy Priorities 1018:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats 14: 19834: 15674: 15655: 15403: 15375: 15333:Politics and Society in Western Europe 15123:Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy 14876:The Science and Philosophy of Politics 14790:. Oxford University Press. p. 60. 14087: 14072: 14055: 14043: 13773: 13761: 13749: 13737: 13449:Faria, Miguel A. Jr. (21 March 2012). 13297: 13031: 12771: 12545:The Desk Encyclopedia of World History 12542: 12444: 12417: 12277:Greenberg, David (12 September 2019). 12238: 10889: 5029:Modern liberalism in the United States 3102: 3020:, limited to the following functions: 2810:often means social liberalism, but in 19497: 18239: 17777: 17739: 15900: 15812: 15378:"The Culture of Classical Liberalism" 15286:The Rise and Fall of Weimar Democracy 15107: 13902: 13643:. Yale University Press. p. 41. 13510:Political Ideologies: An Introduction 13457:. Hacienda Publishing. Archived from 13448: 13397:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 26. 13359: 13177: 12920:. London: Routledge. pp. 55–56. 12913: 12853: 12705: 12696: 12623: 12538: 12536: 12304: 12153:Christian Democratic Union of Germany 10631:Great Depression in the United States 9880:American Center for Law & Justice 15173:from the original on 19 August 2019. 15147:Yusuf Sayed and Robert Van Niekerk. 14599: 14176:Oneal, J. R.; Russet, B. M. (1997). 14166:(Vancouver: Fraser Institute, 2005). 13034:British Politics in an Age of Reform 12658: 12445:Peters, Michael A. (16 April 2022). 12342:Renshaw, Catherine (18 March 2014). 11856:Free Democratic Party of Switzerland 11210: 10998: 9958:Parents Television and Media Council 9014:Project for the New American Century 8778:Conservative Party of New York State 6607:Libertarianism in the United Kingdom 17587:Liberal South East European Network 15801:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 15716: 15495:from the original on 9 January 2023 15314: 14455:. LIT Verlag Münsters. p. 64. 13698:McMaken, Ryan (12 September 2019). 13430:from the original on 8 October 2018 13418:Richman, Sheldon (12 August 2012). 13056: 13019: 12571: 12424:. Lexington Books. pp. 13–14. 11539:Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats 11482:Classical liberal parties worldwide 11200: 9777:National Association for Gun Rights 3492:capitulations of the Ottoman Empire 2798:. Later, the term was applied as a 1058:Liberal South East European Network 24: 15737: 15622: 15513:The History of European Liberalism 15447:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism 15433: 15404:Vieira, Helena (1 February 2017). 15336:. Sage Publications. p. 101. 15201:from the original on 8 August 2020 15126:. 2018. p. 43. Archived from 14212:(New York: Norton, 1997), p. 237. 13513:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 59. 13180:"The Concept of a Liberal Society" 13004: 12992: 12533: 12307:What is Classical Liberal History? 12251:Goldfarb, Michael (20 July 2010). 11705:Liberal Democratic Party of Serbia 10204:Society for American Civic Renewal 10194:Republican Main Street Partnership 9948:National Organization for Marriage 6508:The Unconstitutionality of Slavery 6466:The Problem of Political Authority 6298:The Betrayal of the American Right 3568: 2822:often means classical liberalism. 25: 19883: 17577:Liberal Network for Latin America 15852: 15636: 15383:Foundation for Economic Education 14699:. Simon and Schuster. p. 82. 14695:Thomas J. DiLorenzo, ed. (2016). 14031: 14019: 14007: 13995: 13953: 13941: 13890: 13878: 13863: 13848: 13836: 13824: 13812: 13800: 13785: 13372:from the original on 7 April 2020 12653:Dickerson, Flanagan & O'Neill 12451:Educational Philosophy and Theory 12418:Dilley, Stephen C. (2 May 2013). 12330:Dickerson, Flanagan & O'Neill 12244: 11879:Foundation for Economic Education 10963: 10960:to which they were not entitled. 10811:, who were seen as amoral, or to 9963:Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America 9760:United States Chamber of Commerce 8984:Intercollegiate Studies Institute 8890:Alexis de Tocqueville Institution 6537:Conservatism in the United States 6255:Students for a Democratic Society 6225:Foundation for Economic Education 5517:Abolitionism in the United States 5484:Title-transfer theory of contract 3477: 1048:Liberal Network for Latin America 481:(contributions to liberal theory) 19815: 19814: 19801: 15884: 15870: 15858: 15843:plus numerous excerpts, most by 15581: 15540: 15397: 15376:Wilson, Tadd (1 December 1998). 15369: 15323: 15308: 15272: 15258: 15246:from the original on 24 May 2022 15228: 15213: 15177: 15077: 15059: 15032: 14997: 14970: 14938: 14923: 14866: 14852: 14837: 14822: 14794: 14779: 14748: 14718: 14703: 14688: 14674: 14662:from the original on 23 May 2022 14648: 14634: 14620: 14603:Handbook of Economic Development 14593: 14579: 14554: 14490: 14462: 14444: 14406: 14375: 14347: 14313: 14300: 14281: 14256: 14240: 14223: 14202: 14169: 13610:American Conservatism: NOMOS LVI 13608:. In Sanford V. Levinson (ed.). 13350:(Boston: Riverside Press, 1962). 13185:The Liberal Tradition in America 13155:. pp. 31–32. Archived from 13092: 13080: 13068: 12942:Individualism and Economic Order 12739: 12724: 12162: 12145: 12128: 11922: 11908: 11215: 10504: 10490: 10117:National Association of Scholars 9953:National Right to Life Committee 9809:Council of Conservative Citizens 8925:Competitive Enterprise Institute 8910:Center for the National Interest 8538:The Closing of the American Mind 8498:The Conscience of a Conservative 6786: 6718: 6706: 6694: 6682: 6417:The Mainspring of Human Progress 5129: 5060: 5047: 4860:Southern Center for Human Rights 3552: 3524: 3258: 2995:being pursued at the expense of 2679: 2667: 1675: 1663: 62: 15639:A Critical History of Economics 15586:. New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc. 14529:Christian Delacampagne (2022). 14237:9, no. 1 (2004): 105, 110, 115. 14182:International Studies Quarterly 14156: 14135: 14114: 14093: 13959: 13896: 13718: 13691: 13660: 13630: 13594: 13557: 13527: 13500: 13483:The Making of Modern Liberalism 13473: 13442: 13411: 13384: 13353: 13329: 13291: 13264: 13229: 13202: 13171: 13135: 13110: 13025: 12934: 12823: 12777: 12671: 12624:Klein, Daniel B. (3 May 2017). 12617: 12591: 12565: 12508: 12438: 12411: 12377: 11884:Helena Vieira, writing for the 10945:Principles of Political Economy 10894:In addition to Smith's legacy, 10849:Principles of Political Economy 10449:Don't immanentize the eschaton! 10394:Bibliography of US conservatism 8935:Ethics and Public Policy Center 6572:Liberalism in the United States 6326:The Creature from Jekyll Island 5389:Natural rights and legal rights 4840:National Organization for Women 3498:in 1673, in 1740 which lowered 2960:Classical liberals agreed with 17765: 16165:Separation of church and state 15926: 14844:William Smaldone, ed. (2019). 12335: 12298: 12270: 12219: 12189: 11782:Party for Freedom and Progress 10742:A Letter Concerning Toleration 10421:List of American conservatives 10142:Texas Public Policy Foundation 9900:Christian Coalition of America 9836:Center for Immigration Studies 8727:Intelligence and public policy 8645:"Disparate impact" controversy 6602:Libertarianism in South Africa 6431:The Myth of the Rational Voter 4805:American Civil Liberties Union 3719:Separation of church and state 3352:Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 3005:inequality of bargaining power 422:Separation of church and state 13: 1: 19498: 15875:The dictionary definition of 15656:Richardson, James L. (2001). 15604:; Breuning, Marijike (2010). 13360:Wolfe, Alan (12 April 2009). 13188:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 13116:See the studies of Keynes by 12464:10.1080/00131857.2019.1696303 12183: 10902:' theories of population and 10818: 10736:Second Treatise of Government 10714: 10641:represented the dominance of 8930:David Horowitz Freedom Center 8895:American Enterprise Institute 4815:American Humanist Association 4810:American Constitution Society 2471:Critique of political economy 2129:Critique of political economy 19287:Ordinary language philosophy 17778: 15004:Marek Payerhin, ed. (2016). 14848:. Rowman & Littlefields. 14472:. BRILL. 2015. p. 143. 13271:Kathleen G. Donohue (2005). 12790:Ethics & Global Politics 12664:Alan Ryan, "Liberalism", in 12543:Wright, Edmund, ed. (2006). 12013:Friedrich Naumann Foundation 11872: 11860:Liberal Party of Switzerland 11059:. The strongest defender of 10910:became central doctrines of 10249:Classical education movement 9230:The Imaginative Conservative 6410:The Moon is a Harsh Mistress 5319:Free-market environmentalism 4948:The Problem with Jon Stewart 4772:Center for American Progress 3405:. From around 1840 to 1860, 2521:Periodizations of capitalism 7: 19337:Contemporary utilitarianism 19252:Internalism and externalism 15831:Gustav Pollak, ed. (1915). 15719:Modern Political Ideologies 15698:Van de Haar, Edwin (2015). 15185:"Liberalismens grundvärden" 14947:Our classical liberal tribe 14930:Natacha Gagné, ed. (2013). 14873:Brian Duignan, ed. (2013). 14382:James Mark Shields (2017). 13318:36, no. 4 (1974): 504–520. 13304:. Houghton Mifflin Company. 13153:University of Chicago Press 13032:Turner, Michael J. (1999). 12917:The Constitution of Liberty 11901: 11241:the claims made and adding 11022:Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 10557:Declaration of Independence 10072:Faith and Freedom Coalition 10062:Council for National Policy 10047:American Conservative Union 10035:Young Americans for Liberty 9885:American Family Association 9804:Concerned Women for America 8847:Rhode Island Suffrage Party 6597:Libertarianism in Hong Kong 6265:Young Americans for Liberty 6187:Libertarian science fiction 4845:People for the American Way 4754:Rhode Island Suffrage Party 4669:Democratic-Republican Party 3384:Chancellor of the Exchequer 2970:Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 2917:inclination for collective 2775:, looks more negatively on 2217:Simple commodity production 10: 19888: 19852:19th-century introductions 18601:Svatantrika and Prasangika 18240: 15755:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 15681:Edinburgh University Press 15675:Turner, Rachel S. (2008). 15463:10.4135/9781412965811.n179 15426: 15220:Medeiros, Evan S. (2008), 14829:Slavoj Zizek, ed. (2019). 14697:The Problem with Socialism 14606:. CRC Press. p. 357. 14103:. The Policy Press, 2000. 14101:On Fairness and Efficiency 12493:Mayne, Alan James (1999). 12370:Steven M. Dworetz (1994). 11886:London School of Economics 11653:New Zealand National Party 11518:Liberal Party of Australia 11204: 11123:have long speculated that 11107:Free trade and world peace 10409:History of US conservatism 10227:Asian and Pacific Islander 10132:Republican Study Committee 10030:Young America's Foundation 10020:National Journalism Center 9868:Alliance Defending Freedom 9782:National Rifle Association 9602:The Washington Free Beacon 9518:Independent Journal Review 9094:New Hampshire Union Leader 9009:Pacific Research Institute 8905:Center for Security Policy 8805:Constitutional Union Party 8773:American Independent Party 6649:Sovereign citizen movement 6375:The Future and Its Enemies 6333:Defending the Undefendable 6305:The Case Against Education 6291:Anarchy, State, and Utopia 4825:Brennan Center For Justice 3767:American Revolutionary War 3253: 2526:Perspectives on capitalism 29: 19795: 19747: 19647: 19609: 19556: 19523: 19514: 19510: 19493: 19443: 19355: 19193: 19184: 19117: 18900: 18891: 18869: 18824: 18766: 18718: 18672: 18663: 18626: 18497: 18362: 18309: 18300: 18250: 18246: 18235: 18174: 18146: 18103: 18055: 18012: 17965: 17937: 17889: 17861: 17823:Philosophy of mathematics 17813:Philosophy of information 17788: 17784: 17773: 17722: 17707:Sexually liberal feminism 17614:Bias in American academia 17594: 17552:European Democratic Party 17520: 17302: 17022: 16990: 16942: 16855: 16606: 16530: 16489: 16480: 16387:Constitutional patriotism 16374: 16322: 16294: 16214: 16207: 15936: 15366:(31 December 1872), p. 5. 14755:Arturo Bris, ed. (2021). 14497:Walter B. Weimer (2022). 14355:"Liberalism rediscovered" 13982:– via Google Books. 13335:Arthur Schelesinger Jr., 13242:. Routledge. p. 28. 12065:List of liberal theorists 11993:Constitutional liberalism 11954:National Democratic Party 11836:New Zealand Liberal Party 11663: 11567: 11207:List of liberal theorists 10972:, which was developed by 10936:Malthus wrote two books, 10780:and government as trustee 10184:Pacific Justice Institute 9819:Independent Women's Forum 9188:Claremont Review of Books 9160:The American Conservative 8940:Family Research Institute 8857:National Republican Party 8458:The Managerial Revolution 6713:Libertarianism portal 6629:Outline of libertarianism 6527:American militia movement 6452:New Libertarian Manifesto 5014:Liberal bias in the media 4679:National Democratic Party 3114:The British philosophers 2933:Evolution of core beliefs 2864:. In contemporary times, 1645:Sexually liberal feminism 1552:Bias in American academia 1023:European Democratic Party 479:List of liberal theorists 19862:Ideologies of capitalism 16047:Labor theory of property 15784:Katherine Henry (2011). 15768:Harvard University Press 15717:Vincent, Andrew (2009). 15563:Heywood, Andrew (2004). 15012:Rowman & Littlefield 14710:Marco Lisi, ed. (2018). 14274:1 September 2017 at the 13909:Eastern Economic Journal 13342:12 February 2018 at the 13209:Jeremy M. Brown (1995). 12784:Ellerman, David (2015). 12395:Harvard University Press 12225:M. O. Dickerson et al., 12174:People's Party of Canada 12121: 11745:Liberal Democratic Party 11621:For Latvia's Development 11532:Freedom Party of Austria 11522:Liberal Democratic Party 11009:Lockean "natural rights" 10942:(published in 1798) and 10511:United States portal 10308:Parental rights movement 9985:Franklin News Foundation 9930:Foundation for Moral Law 9750:National Taxpayers Union 9727:Americans for Tax Reform 9704:Sinclair Broadcast Group 9388:One America News Network 8660:Griggs v. Duke Power Co. 8558:The Revolt of the Elites 8428:Democracy and Leadership 6766:This article is part of 6725:United States portal 6577:Libertarian conservatism 6480:Protection or Free Trade 6396:The Machinery of Freedom 6340:The Discovery of Freedom 5394:Non-aggression principle 5109:This article is part of 5067:United States portal 5009:Liberal bias in academia 4674:Liberal Republican Party 3532:This article is part of 3428:, although advocates of 3291:. Custom rather than as 3153:The French philosophers 2949:concept of society as a 2909:'s higher tolerance for 1797:Economic interventionism 304:Labor theory of property 19292:Postanalytic philosophy 19233:Experimental philosophy 17542:Arab Liberal Federation 16424:Neoclassical liberalism 15946:Consent of the governed 15813:Mayne, Alan J. (1999). 15515:. Boston: Beacon Press. 15439:"Liberalism, Classical" 15319:. Penguin. p. 244. 15315:Das, Gurcharan (2002). 14682:"Un manifiesto liberal" 14600:Liou, Kuo-Tsai (1998). 14390:Oxford University Press 14195:10.1111/1468-2478.00042 13507:Andrew Heywood (2012). 13298:Pollak, Gustav (1915). 13105:Ishiyama & Breuning 12549:Oxford University Press 12305:Douma, Michael (2018). 12205:Encyclopædia Britannica 12170:Progress Party (Norway) 12100:Political individualism 12085:Opportunist Republicans 12070:Neoclassical liberalism 11998:Conservative liberalism 11983:Classical republicanism 11802:German Democratic Party 11786:Liberal Reformist Party 11727:Classical Liberal Party 11414:William Ewart Gladstone 11031:However, commitment to 10968:The central concept of 10497:Conservatism portal 10399:Conservative talk radio 10288:Libertarian republicans 10097:John M. Olin Foundation 10057:The Conservative Caucus 9915:Family Research Council 9787:Second Amendment Caucus 9129:The Wall Street Journal 8955:The Heritage Foundation 8468:Ideas Have Consequences 7107:America First Committee 6891:American exceptionalism 6701:Conservatism portal 6623:On Democracy in America 6487:Radicals for Capitalism 5020:The Liberal Imagination 4732:Rockefeller Republicans 3399:government intervention 3068:neoclassical liberalism 2927:American libertarianism 2899:neoclassical liberalism 2466:Criticism of capitalism 1013:Arab Liberal Federation 203:Consent of the governed 19425:Social constructionism 18437:Hellenistic philosophy 17853:Theoretical philosophy 17828:Philosophy of religion 17818:Philosophy of language 17557:European Liberal Youth 17527:Africa Liberal Network 15966:Economic globalization 15863:Quotations related to 15567:. Palgrave Macmillan. 15039:Alan G. Smith (2016). 14983:. aksant. p. 97. 14977:Jens Rydström (2011). 14833:. Seven Stories Press. 14413:Robert Leeson (2018). 14293:5 October 2017 at the 13455:haciendapublishing.com 12677:Evans, M. ed. (2001): 12197:"Classical liberalism" 12136:U.S. Libertarian Party 12028:Jeffersonian democracy 12023:Gladstonian liberalism 11890:principle of unanimity 11711:Freedom and Solidarity 11693:National Liberal Party 11172: 11158: 11135: 10954:labour theory of value 10926:labour theory of value 10830: 10726: 10676: 10656: 10647:Arthur Schlesinger Jr. 10619:William Jennings Bryan 10598: 9968:Thomas More Law Center 9664:The Political Cesspool 9657:Million Dollar Extreme 9167:The American Spectator 8961:Mandate for Leadership 8915:Charles Koch Institute 8825:Conservative Democrats 8814:historically, factions 7102:Conservative coalition 7097:Conservative Manifesto 7002:Peace through strength 6977:Judeo-Christian values 6587:Libertarian Republican 6424:The Market for Liberty 6403:Man, Economy and State 6382:The God of the Machine 6284:The Anarchist Cookbook 5424:Private defense agency 5384:Marriage privatization 5339:Freedom of association 4711:historically, factions 3827:Young America movement 3797:Jeffersonian democracy 3639:Economic progressivism 3508:Dictionary of Commerce 3358:and the repeal of the 3347: 3167:Maximilien Robespierre 2911:economic protectionism 2496:Exploitation of labour 2207:Primitive accumulation 1028:European Liberal Youth 998:Africa Liberal Network 223:Economic globalization 19808:Philosophy portal 19327:Scientific skepticism 19307:Reformed epistemology 17833:Philosophy of science 17604:Anti-authoritarianism 17572:Liberal International 15845:Edwin Lawrence Godkin 15449:. Thousand Oaks, CA: 15317:The Elephant Paradigm 14860:"Girchi-More Freedom" 14229:Edward P. Stringham, 14124:. Pluto Press, 1997. 13426:. Reason Foundation. 13362:"A False Distinction" 13178:Hartz, Louis (1955). 12914:Hayek, F. A. (1976). 11814:Progressive Democrats 11603:Free Democratic Party 11593:Girchi — More Freedom 11581:Estonian Reform Party 11396:Alexis de Tocqueville 11159: 11145: 11140:The Wealth of Nations 11130: 10900:Thomas Robert Malthus 10869:Thomas Robert Malthus 10839:The Wealth of Nations 10826: 10722: 10704:American libertarians 10696:American conservatism 10671: 10651: 10635:Franklin D. Roosevelt 10607:Edwin Lawrence Godkin 10585: 10435:Barstool conservatism 9995:Media Research Center 9824:Log Cabin Republicans 9814:Gays Against Groomers 9772:Gun Owners of America 9462:Discover the Networks 9258:The National Interest 9108:The New York Observer 9049:Witherspoon Institute 8989:James Madison Program 8862:Native American Party 8667:Educational inflation 8598:Why Liberalism Failed 8568:The Death of the West 8528:A Conflict of Visions 8488:The Conservative Mind 8254:LaHaye (Beverly) 7154:Republican Revolution 7049:Supply-side economics 6906:Christian nationalism 6689:Liberalism portal 6592:Libertarian socialism 6354:The Ethics of Liberty 6240:Liberty International 6124:Intellectual property 5602:Supply-side economics 5489:Voluntary association 5054:Liberalism portal 4889:The American Prospect 4870:National Urban League 4737:Roosevelt Republicans 4659:Anti-Federalist Party 3772:Civil rights movement 3468:William Graham Sumner 3337: 3325:Protestant Dissenters 3199:Alexis de Tocqueville 3159:Jean-Jacques Rousseau 2860:, and on a belief in 2857:The Wealth of Nations 2674:Capitalism portal 2486:Culture of capitalism 2441:Capitalist propaganda 2197:Industrial Revolution 2187:Commercial Revolution 1670:Liberalism portal 1542:Anti-authoritarianism 1043:Liberal International 18:Laissez-faire liberal 19872:Political ideologies 19867:Liberalism in Europe 19842:Classical liberalism 19228:Critical rationalism 18935:Edo neo-Confucianism 18779:Acintya bheda abheda 18758:Renaissance humanism 18469:School of the Sextii 17843:Practical philosophy 17838:Political philosophy 16434:Right-libertarianism 16304:Liberal conservatism 16170:Separation of powers 15893:at Wikimedia Commons 15891:Classical liberalism 15878:classical liberalism 15865:Classical liberalism 15637:Mills, John (2002). 15582:Hunt, E. K. (2003). 15526:. Cengage Learning. 15457:. pp. 295–298. 14684:. 24 September 2018. 13903:Blaug, Mark (1997). 13348:The Politics of Hope 12803:10.3402/egp.v8.29310 12110:Separation of powers 12080:Night-watchman state 12058:Right-libertarianism 12043:Liberalism in Europe 12033:Liberal conservatism 11971:Classical radicalism 11939:Age of Enlightenment 11850:New Democratic Party 11820:Liberal Party (1998) 11647:Belang van Nederland 11492:liberal-conservative 11360:Marquis de Condorcet 11045:Anti-Corn Law League 11026:Poor Relief Act 1601 10886:over India in 1858. 10790:Religious toleration 10756:separation of powers 10710:Intellectual sources 10342:Right-libertarianism 10337:Reactionary feminism 10122:Philadelphia Society 10014:Youth/student groups 9895:Chalcedon Foundation 9490:Front Porch Republic 9139:The Washington Times 9039:Sutherland Institute 9034:State Policy Network 8994:Leadership Institute 8672:Elite overproduction 8629:Demographic futures 8508:A Choice Not an Echo 8448:Our Enemy, the State 8418:Democracy in America 6916:Classical liberalism 6896:American nationalism 6779:in the United States 6644:Right-libertarianism 6582:Libertarian Democrat 6501:To Serve and Protect 6473:Progress and Poverty 6459:Our Enemy, the State 6319:Conceived in Liberty 6260:Students for Liberty 5522:Classical liberalism 5512:Age of Enlightenment 5449:Rugged Individualism 5434:Public choice theory 5274:Civil libertarianism 5122:in the United States 4742:Moderate Republicans 4478:Roosevelt (Theodore) 4473:Roosevelt (Franklin) 3792:Jacksonian democracy 3699:Legal egalitarianism 3664:Freedom of the press 3545:in the United States 3364:Anti-Corn Law League 3340:Anti-Corn Law League 3285:ancient constitution 3171:Marquis de Condorcet 3080:Right-libertarianism 3045:right to health care 3001:corporations' rights 2987:as interfering in a 2979:Drawing on ideas of 2725:Classical liberalism 2649:Right-libertarianism 2579:Classical liberalism 2546:Venture philanthropy 2182:Capitalism and Islam 2177:Age of Enlightenment 1772:Capital accumulation 474:Age of Enlightenment 427:Separation of powers 19857:Economic liberalism 18799:Nimbarka Sampradaya 18710:Korean Confucianism 18457:Academic Skepticism 16429:Paleolibertarianism 16414:Left-libertarianism 16128:Civil and political 16101:Popular sovereignty 15961:Economic liberalism 15837:; short history of 15797:John Maynard Keynes 15760:Epstein, Richard A. 15410:LSE Business Review 15224:, RAND, p. 130 14958:on 11 February 2017 14251:The Perpetual Peace 14145:. Routledge, 1994. 14120:Christine Kinealy. 13724:Steven M. Dworetz, 13667:Deepak Lal (2010). 13572:. Penguin. p. 13236:Paul Kahan (2014). 13007:, pp. 382–383. 12309:. Lexington Books. 12284:The Washington Post 12053:Left-libertarianism 12008:Fiscal conservatism 12003:Economic liberalism 11966:Cultural liberalism 11961:Classical economics 11892:(also known as the 11717:Democratic Alliance 11496:right-wing populist 11180:John Maynard Keynes 10981:economic liberalism 10912:classical economics 10890:Classical economics 10747:American Revolution 10667:John Maynard Keynes 10615:classical economics 10347:Paleolibertarianism 10278:Hispanic and Latino 10154:America First Legal 10000:O'Keefe Media Group 9925:Focus on the Family 9716:Other organizations 9609:The Western Journal 9595:Washington Examiner 9434:Conservative Review 9352:The Weekly Standard 9345:Washington Examiner 9237:Jewish World Review 9080:Dallas Morning News 8999:Manhattan Institute 8950:Heartland Institute 8945:Gatestone Institute 8920:Claremont Institute 8710:Illegal immigration 8638:Population collapse 8588:The Benedict Option 8478:God and Man at Yale 7495:Bush (George H. W.) 7480:Adams (John Quincy) 6965:Gender essentialism 6567:Left-libertarianism 6494:Seeing Like a State 5580:Fiscal conservatism 5575:Economic liberalism 5439:Restorative justice 5399:Non-interventionism 5354:Homestead principle 5344:Freedom of contract 4990:The Washington Post 4976:Talking Points Memo 4830:Equal Justice Works 4794:Other organizations 4782:Roosevelt Institute 4727:Radical Republicans 4468:Roosevelt (Eleanor) 3802:Liberal Republicans 3669:Freedom of religion 3659:Fiscal conservatism 3472:John Maynard Keynes 3277:Glorious Revolution 3103:Typology of beliefs 2945:and from the later 2943:society as a family 2848:classical economics 2828:American Revolution 2796:economic liberalism 2729:political tradition 2686:Business portal 1802:Economic liberalism 1792:Competitive markets 1682:Politics portal 385:Civil and political 358:Popular sovereignty 218:Economic liberalism 32:Economic liberalism 19420:Post-structuralism 19322:Scientific realism 19277:Quinean naturalism 19257:Logical positivism 19213:Analytical Marxism 18432:Peripatetic school 18344:Chinese naturalism 17871:Aesthetic response 17798:Applied philosophy 16581:Centrist reformist 16096:Permissive society 16076:Limited government 15509:De Ruggiero, Guido 15133:on 28 March 2019. 14810:. 12 November 2020 14561:John Gray (2018). 14438:National Socialism 14235:Independent Review 13788:, pp. 63, 68. 13480:Alan Ryan (2012). 13391:D. Conway (1998). 13316:Review of Politics 13159:on 12 October 2017 12758:, Washington, DC: 12706:Smith, A. (1778). 12207:. 6 September 2023 12201:www.britannica.com 11687:Liberal Initiative 11631:Liberals' Movement 11543:Reformist Movement 11378:Gaetano Filangieri 11226:possibly contains 11194:The Great Illusion 11121:Richard Rosecrance 10884:East India Company 10831: 10760:limited government 10727: 10456:Republicans pounce 10263:Dark Enlightenment 10169:Federalist Society 10107:Liberty University 10092:John Birch Society 10052:Bradley Foundation 9980:Econ Journal Watch 9755:Tea Party Patriots 9687:Regnery Publishing 9670:Passage Publishing 9483:FrontPage Magazine 9029:Rockford Institute 9024:R Street Institute 8974:Hoover Institution 8840:Southern Democrats 8800:Anti-Masonic Party 8783:Constitution Party 8438:I'll Take My Stand 8359:Schlafly (Phyllis) 7159:Tea Party movement 7117:Goldwater campaign 7087:Southern Agrarians 7039:Right to bear arms 6992:Limited government 6970:Complementarianism 6542:Dark Enlightenment 6312:Civil Disobedience 6220:Free State Project 6215:Federalist Society 6104:Capital punishment 5444:Right to bear arms 5374:Limited government 5151:Anarcho-capitalism 4941:The New York Times 3812:New Deal coalition 3744:Unalienable rights 3356:Reform Act of 1832 3348: 3116:Bernard Mandeville 3072:individual freedom 2757:limited government 2446:Capitalist realism 1837:Goods and services 1817:Fictitious capital 353:Permissive society 333:Limited government 19829: 19828: 19791: 19790: 19787: 19786: 19783: 19782: 19489: 19488: 19485: 19484: 19481: 19480: 19208:Analytic feminism 19180: 19179: 19142:Kierkegaardianism 19104:Transcendentalism 19064:Neo-scholasticism 18910:Classical Realism 18887: 18886: 18659: 18658: 18474:Neopythagoreanism 18231: 18230: 18227: 18226: 17848:Social philosophy 17733: 17732: 17726:Liberalism Portal 17619:Bias in the media 17018: 17017: 16857:Latin America and 16476: 16475: 16419:Geolibertarianism 16349:Liberal socialism 16260:Civic nationalism 16133:Natural and legal 15889:Media related to 15766:. Cambridge, MA: 15602:Ishiyama, John T. 15095:on 6 October 2023 14642:"Posicionamentos" 14363:. 5 February 1998 14022:, pp. 74–75. 14010:, pp. 73–74. 13956:, pp. 71–72. 13764:, pp. 23–24. 13740:, pp. 22–23. 13706:. Mises Institute 13071:, pp. 26–27. 13059:, pp. 29–30. 13022:, pp. 28–29. 12983:, pp. 81–82. 12831:Federalist No. 10 12774:, pp. 36–38. 12742:, pp. 51–53. 12727:, pp. 46–47. 12578:Goodman Institute 12572:Goodman, John C. 12558:978-0-7394-7809-7 12526:978-1-4129 6901-7 12431:978-0-7391-8107-2 12316:978-1-4985-3610-3 12038:Liberal democracy 11988:Constitutionalism 11976:Modern liberalism 11916:Liberalism portal 11844:New Zealand Party 11757:Liberal Party USA 11486:Although general 11438:Friedrich Naumann 11384:Benjamin Constant 11312:Benjamin Franklin 11271: 11270: 11263: 11228:original research 11057:Harriet Martineau 10999:Political economy 10922:Jean-Baptiste Say 10908:iron law of wages 10873:iron law of wages 10752:constitutionalism 10692:Adrian Wooldridge 10688:John Micklethwait 10643:modern liberalism 10548: 10547: 10242:Reconstructionism 10127:Regent University 10087:Hillsdale College 10025:Turning Point USA 9793:Identity politics 9338:Southern Partisan 9314:The New Criterion 9133:(editorial board) 8685:Go woke, go broke 8677:Higher ed. bubble 8354:Schlafly (Andrew) 8289:Mercer (daughter) 8259:LaHaye (Tim) 7127:Southern strategy 6926:Constitutionalism 6761: 6760: 6532:Boogaloo movement 6361:For a New Liberty 6250:Reason Foundation 6235:Libertarian Party 6144:Political parties 5532:Transcendentalism 5494:Voluntary society 5474:Stateless society 5469:Spontaneous order 5349:Freedom of speech 5284:Counter-economics 5279:Constitutionalism 5104: 5103: 4701:Progressive Party 4695:Progressive Party 4689:Progressive Party 4183:Clinton (Hillary) 3674:Freedom of speech 3649:Equal opportunity 3515:Benjamin Disraeli 3442:Benjamin Disraeli 3411:Manchester School 3409:advocates of the 3380:William Gladstone 3338:A meeting of the 3239:Guido De Ruggiero 3219:Benjamin Franklin 3195:Joseph De Maistre 3191:Benjamin Constant 3089:spontaneous order 2997:individual rights 2894:James M. Buchanan 2836:Jean-Baptiste Say 2804:the United States 2773:social liberalism 2769:freedom of speech 2765:political freedom 2722: 2721: 2541:Spontaneous order 2511:History of theory 2154:New institutional 2124:Market monetarism 2059:Economic theories 1892:Supply and demand 1827:Free price system 1718: 1717: 1557:Bias in the media 1073:Regional variants 390:Natural and legal 36:Social liberalism 16:(Redirected from 19879: 19818: 19817: 19806: 19805: 19804: 19521: 19520: 19512: 19511: 19495: 19494: 19385:Frankfurt School 19332:Transactionalism 19282:Normative ethics 19262:Legal positivism 19238:Falsificationism 19223:Consequentialism 19218:Communitarianism 19191: 19190: 19059:New Confucianism 18898: 18897: 18705:Neo-Confucianism 18670: 18669: 18479:Second Sophistic 18464:Middle Platonism 18307: 18306: 18248: 18247: 18237: 18236: 18080:Epiphenomenalism 17947:Consequentialism 17881:Institutionalism 17786: 17785: 17775: 17774: 17760: 17753: 17746: 17737: 17736: 17648:Economic freedom 17641:Radical centrism 16487: 16486: 16441:Radical centrism 16354:Social democracy 16337:Liberal feminism 16212: 16211: 16160:Secular humanism 16086:Natural monopoly 16037:Internationalism 15931: 15921: 15914: 15907: 15898: 15897: 15888: 15874: 15862: 15828: 15781: 15732: 15713: 15694: 15671: 15652: 15633: 15619: 15597: 15578: 15559: 15537: 15516: 15504: 15502: 15500: 15421: 15420: 15418: 15416: 15401: 15395: 15394: 15392: 15390: 15373: 15367: 15361: 15355: 15354: 15352: 15350: 15327: 15321: 15320: 15312: 15306: 15305: 15289: 15276: 15270: 15269: 15262: 15256: 15255: 15253: 15251: 15232: 15226: 15225: 15217: 15211: 15210: 15208: 15206: 15200: 15189: 15181: 15175: 15174: 15172: 15153: 15144: 15138: 15137: 15132: 15119: 15111: 15105: 15104: 15102: 15100: 15091:. 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Lerner 10627:Great Depression 10561:socially liberal 10553:Thomas Jefferson 10540: 10533: 10526: 10513: 10509: 10508: 10507: 10499: 10495: 10494: 10493: 10359:Neo-Confederates 10320:Patriot movement 10293:Militia movement 10112:Moms for Liberty 10009: 9944: 9890:The American TFP 9856:Three Percenters 9741: 9698:The Rubin Report 9357: 9326: 9307:The New Atlantis 9300:The New American 9272:Public Discourse 9251:National Affairs 9174:American Thinker 9153:American Affairs 9101:The Jewish Voice 8979:Hudson Institute 8900:American Compass 8852:Federalist Party 8835:Reagan Democrats 8810:Democratic Party 8788:Republican Party 8747:Managerial state 8625:Multiculturalism 8603: 8593: 8583: 8573: 8563: 8553: 8543: 8533: 8523: 8513: 8503: 8493: 8483: 8473: 8463: 8453: 8443: 8433: 8423: 7500:Bush (George W.) 7342:Kuehnelt-Leddihn 7009:Moral absolutism 6921:Communitarianism 6790: 6780: 6763: 6762: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6723: 6722: 6721: 6711: 6710: 6709: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6687: 6686: 6177:Come and take it 6129:Internal debates 5464:Small government 5429:Private property 5299:Economic freedom 5289:Decentralization 5269:Anti-imperialism 5201:Market anarchism 5176:Consequentialist 5133: 5123: 5106: 5105: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5069: 5065: 5064: 5063: 5052: 5051: 5025: 4934:The New Republic 4707:Republican Party 4664:Democratic Party 4328:Kennedy (Robert) 4323:Kennedy (Joseph) 4273:Jackson (Andrew) 3724:Social democracy 3694:Internationalism 3654:Environmentalism 3634:Economic freedom 3556: 3546: 3529: 3528: 3448:. By the 1870s, 3321:Joseph Priestley 3223:Thomas Jefferson 3207:Joseph Priestley 3142:held beliefs in 3087:'s workings and 3076:social Darwinism 2999:while accepting 2874:Ludwig von Mises 2818:, the bare term 2806:, the bare term 2792:Great Depression 2761:economic freedom 2714: 2707: 2700: 2684: 2683: 2672: 2671: 2476:Critique of work 2451:Capitalist state 2134:Critique of work 2017:Regulated market 1919:Economic systems 1872:Private property 1822:Financial market 1812:Entrepreneurship 1807:Economic surplus 1720: 1719: 1710: 1703: 1696: 1680: 1679: 1668: 1667: 1586:Economic freedom 1579:Radical centrism 417:Secular humanism 343:Natural monopoly 294:Internationalism 111:Internationalist 66: 43: 42: 21: 19887: 19886: 19882: 19881: 19880: 19878: 19877: 19876: 19832: 19831: 19830: 19825: 19802: 19800: 19779: 19743: 19643: 19605: 19552: 19506: 19505: 19477: 19466:Russian cosmism 19439: 19435:Western Marxism 19400:New Historicism 19365:Critical theory 19351: 19347:Wittgensteinian 19243:Foundationalism 19176: 19113: 19094:Social contract 18950:Foundationalism 18883: 18865: 18849:Illuminationism 18834:Aristotelianism 18820: 18809:Vishishtadvaita 18762: 18714: 18655: 18622: 18493: 18422:Megarian school 18417:Eretrian school 18358: 18319:Agriculturalism 18296: 18242: 18223: 18170: 18142: 18099: 18051: 18008: 17992:Incompatibilism 17961: 17933: 17885: 17857: 17780: 17769: 17764: 17734: 17729: 17718: 17717: 17716: 17590: 17582:Liberal parties 17516: 17515: 17514: 17298: 17297: 17296: 17014: 16986: 16938: 16858: 16851: 16602: 16526: 16472: 16370: 16318: 16290: 16240:Equity feminism 16203: 16202: 16201: 16197:State of nature 16185:Social services 16175:Social contract 16138:To own property 15932: 15927: 15925: 15855: 15850: 15825: 15792:Donald Markwell 15778: 15740: 15738:Further reading 15735: 15729: 15710: 15691: 15668: 15649: 15624:Lieber, Francis 15616: 15594: 15575: 15556: 15534: 15498: 15496: 15473: 15429: 15424: 15414: 15412: 15402: 15398: 15388: 15386: 15374: 15370: 15362: 15358: 15348: 15346: 15344: 15328: 15324: 15313: 15309: 15302: 15277: 15273: 15264: 15263: 15259: 15249: 15247: 15234: 15233: 15229: 15218: 15214: 15204: 15202: 15198: 15187: 15183: 15182: 15178: 15170: 15151: 15145: 15141: 15130: 15117: 15113: 15112: 15108: 15098: 15096: 15089:Online-Slovakia 15083: 15082: 15078: 15065: 15064: 15060: 15053: 15037: 15033: 15022: 15014:. p. 339. 15002: 14998: 14991: 14975: 14971: 14961: 14959: 14944: 14943: 14939: 14928: 14924: 14914: 14912: 14899: 14898: 14894: 14887: 14871: 14867: 14862:. aldeparty.eu. 14858: 14857: 14853: 14842: 14838: 14827: 14823: 14813: 14811: 14807:The Daily Beast 14800: 14799: 14795: 14784: 14780: 14773: 14753: 14749: 14739: 14723: 14719: 14708: 14704: 14693: 14689: 14680: 14679: 14675: 14665: 14663: 14654: 14653: 14649: 14640: 14639: 14635: 14626: 14625: 14621: 14614: 14598: 14594: 14585: 14584: 14580: 14573: 14559: 14555: 14545: 14537:. p. 255. 14527: 14520: 14513: 14505:. p. 255. 14503:Springer Nature 14495: 14491: 14480: 14468: 14467: 14463: 14449: 14445: 14432: 14424:. p. 468. 14411: 14407: 14400: 14392:. p. 169. 14380: 14376: 14366: 14364: 14353: 14352: 14348: 14338: 14318: 14314: 14305: 14301: 14295:Wayback Machine 14286: 14282: 14276:Wayback Machine 14263:Donald Markwell 14261: 14257: 14245: 14241: 14228: 14224: 14208:Michael Doyle, 14207: 14203: 14174: 14170: 14161: 14157: 14140: 14136: 14119: 14115: 14099:George Miller. 14098: 14094: 14086: 14079: 14071: 14062: 14054: 14050: 14042: 14038: 14030: 14026: 14018: 14014: 14006: 14002: 13994: 13987: 13980: 13964: 13960: 13952: 13948: 13940: 13936: 13901: 13897: 13889: 13885: 13877: 13870: 13862: 13855: 13847: 13843: 13835: 13831: 13823: 13819: 13811: 13807: 13799: 13792: 13784: 13780: 13772: 13768: 13760: 13756: 13748: 13744: 13736: 13732: 13723: 13719: 13709: 13707: 13696: 13692: 13681: 13665: 13661: 13651: 13640:American Elites 13635: 13631: 13620: 13599: 13595: 13584: 13562: 13558: 13548: 13532: 13528: 13521: 13505: 13501: 13494: 13478: 13474: 13464: 13462: 13447: 13443: 13433: 13431: 13416: 13412: 13405: 13389: 13385: 13375: 13373: 13358: 13354: 13344:Wayback Machine 13334: 13330: 13313: 13309: 13296: 13292: 13285: 13269: 13265: 13250: 13234: 13230: 13223: 13207: 13203: 13196: 13176: 13172: 13162: 13160: 13140: 13136: 13130:Donald Markwell 13115: 13111: 13103: 13099: 13091: 13087: 13079: 13075: 13067: 13063: 13055: 13051: 13044: 13030: 13026: 13018: 13011: 13003: 12999: 12991: 12987: 12979: 12975: 12967: 12960: 12952: 12948: 12939: 12935: 12928: 12912: 12908: 12900: 12896: 12888: 12884: 12876: 12872: 12864: 12860: 12852: 12845: 12829:James Madison, 12828: 12824: 12815: 12811: 12782: 12778: 12770: 12766: 12750: 12746: 12738: 12731: 12723: 12719: 12704: 12697: 12676: 12672: 12663: 12659: 12651: 12644: 12634: 12632: 12622: 12618: 12608: 12606: 12597: 12596: 12592: 12582: 12580: 12570: 12566: 12559: 12551:. p. 370. 12541: 12534: 12527: 12513: 12509: 12492: 12488: 12443: 12439: 12432: 12416: 12412: 12405: 12382: 12378: 12369: 12362: 12352: 12350: 12340: 12336: 12328: 12324: 12317: 12303: 12299: 12289: 12287: 12275: 12271: 12261: 12259: 12249: 12245: 12237: 12233: 12224: 12220: 12210: 12208: 12195: 12194: 12190: 12186: 12181: 12180: 12167: 12163: 12150: 12146: 12133: 12129: 12124: 12119: 11944:Austrian School 11930:Politics portal 11928: 11921: 11914: 11907: 11904: 11875: 11870: 11808:Swatantra Party 11772: 11767: 11755:United States: 11657:ACT New Zealand 11615:Lok Satta Party 11505: 11484: 11479: 11468:Milton Friedman 11450:Friedrich Hayek 11354:Cesare Beccaria 11267: 11256: 11250: 11247: 11232: 11220: 11216: 11209: 11203: 11171: 11166: 11157: 11152: 11109: 11001: 10966: 10892: 10880:Poor Relief Act 10821: 10717: 10712: 10698:. According to 10544: 10505: 10503: 10502: 10491: 10489: 10488: 10481: 10480: 10430:Colloquialisms 10414:Modern timeline 10384: 10376: 10375: 10313:Fathers' rights 10237:Christian right 10222: 10214: 10213: 10199:The Right Stuff 10007: 10005:Project Veritas 9974:Watchdog groups 9942: 9935:Liberty Counsel 9905:Christian Voice 9799:ACT for America 9739: 9732:Club for Growth 9717: 9709: 9708: 9634:Encounter Books 9355: 9324: 9286:Taki's Magazine 9265:National Review 9087:The Epoch Times 9073:Chicago Tribune 9062: 9054: 9053: 9004:Mises Institute 8885:Acton Institute 8880: 8872: 8871: 8760: 8752: 8751: 8731:Legal theories 8697:Woke capitalism 8655:DEI controversy 8650:CRT controversy 8615: 8607: 8606: 8601: 8591: 8581: 8578:Hillbilly Elegy 8571: 8561: 8551: 8541: 8531: 8521: 8511: 8501: 8491: 8481: 8471: 8461: 8451: 8441: 8431: 8421: 8412: 8404: 8403: 8284:Mercer (father) 8144: 8136: 8135: 7856: 7848: 7847: 7723: 7715: 7714: 7470: 7462: 7461: 7172: 7164: 7163: 7137:Reagan Doctrine 7067: 7059: 7058: 7029:Property rights 7019:Ordered liberty 6931:Culture of life 6886: 6878: 6877: 6798: 6778: 6776: 6757: 6719: 6717: 6707: 6705: 6695: 6693: 6681: 6674: 6673: 6522: 6514: 6513: 6278: 6270: 6269: 6245:Mises Institute 6205: 6197: 6196: 6172: 6164: 6163: 6159:Theories of law 6114:Foreign affairs 6094: 6086: 6085: 6016: 6008: 6007: 5938: 5930: 5929: 5615: 5607: 5606: 5570:Austrian School 5565: 5557: 5556: 5527:Anti-Federalism 5507: 5499: 5498: 5419:Polycentric law 5264: 5256: 5255: 5236:Propertarianism 5141: 5121: 5119: 5100: 5061: 5059: 5058: 5046: 5039: 5038: 5023: 5004: 4996: 4995: 4883: 4875: 4874: 4795: 4787: 4786: 4767: 4759: 4758: 4654: 4646: 4645: 4546: 4538: 4537: 4278:Jackson (Jesse) 4108: 4100: 4099: 3840: 3832: 3831: 3817:Progressive Era 3762: 3754: 3753: 3729:Social equality 3619: 3611: 3610: 3564: 3544: 3542: 3527: 3504:J. R. McCulloch 3480: 3463:Second Treatise 3450:Herbert Spencer 3440:Prime Minister 3413:and writers in 3382:when he became 3289:time immemorial 3281:landed property 3261: 3256: 3108:Friedrich Hayek 3105: 3041:positive rights 3003:, which led to 2966:state of nature 2955:social networks 2935: 2870:Milton Friedman 2866:Friedrich Hayek 2854:in Book One of 2777:social policies 2749:civil liberties 2739:that advocates 2718: 2678: 2666: 2659: 2658: 2564: 2556: 2555: 2531:Post-capitalism 2436:Anti-capitalism 2431: 2423: 2422: 2318: 2310: 2309: 2230: 2222: 2221: 2172: 2164: 2163: 2060: 2052: 2051: 2042:State-sponsored 1920: 1912: 1911: 1777:Capital markets 1742: 1714: 1674: 1662: 1655: 1654: 1537: 1529: 1528: 1331:North Macedonia 1075: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1053:Liberal parties 991: 983: 982: 773: 765: 764: 495: 485: 484: 469: 459: 458: 454:State of nature 442:Social services 432:Social contract 395:To own property 198: 190: 189: 74: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19885: 19875: 19874: 19869: 19864: 19859: 19854: 19849: 19844: 19827: 19826: 19824: 19823: 19811: 19796: 19793: 19792: 19789: 19788: 19785: 19784: 19781: 19780: 19778: 19777: 19772: 19767: 19762: 19757: 19751: 19749: 19745: 19744: 19742: 19741: 19736: 19731: 19726: 19721: 19716: 19711: 19706: 19701: 19696: 19691: 19686: 19681: 19676: 19675: 19674: 19664: 19659: 19653: 19651: 19645: 19644: 19642: 19641: 19636: 19631: 19626: 19621: 19615: 19613: 19611:Middle Eastern 19607: 19606: 19604: 19603: 19598: 19593: 19588: 19583: 19578: 19573: 19568: 19562: 19560: 19554: 19553: 19551: 19550: 19545: 19540: 19535: 19529: 19527: 19518: 19508: 19507: 19504: 19503: 19499: 19491: 19490: 19487: 19486: 19483: 19482: 19479: 19478: 19476: 19475: 19468: 19463: 19458: 19453: 19447: 19445: 19441: 19440: 19438: 19437: 19432: 19427: 19422: 19417: 19412: 19407: 19402: 19397: 19392: 19387: 19382: 19377: 19375:Existentialism 19372: 19370:Deconstruction 19367: 19361: 19359: 19353: 19352: 19350: 19349: 19344: 19339: 19334: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19294: 19289: 19284: 19279: 19274: 19269: 19264: 19259: 19254: 19249: 19240: 19235: 19230: 19225: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19203:Applied ethics 19199: 19197: 19188: 19182: 19181: 19178: 19177: 19175: 19174: 19169: 19167:Nietzscheanism 19164: 19159: 19154: 19149: 19144: 19139: 19138: 19137: 19127: 19121: 19119: 19115: 19114: 19112: 19111: 19109:Utilitarianism 19106: 19101: 19096: 19091: 19086: 19081: 19076: 19071: 19066: 19061: 19056: 19051: 19046: 19041: 19036: 19031: 19026: 19021: 19016: 19011: 19010: 19009: 19007:Transcendental 19004: 18999: 18994: 18989: 18984: 18974: 18973: 18972: 18962: 18957: 18952: 18947: 18945:Existentialism 18942: 18937: 18932: 18927: 18922: 18917: 18912: 18907: 18901: 18895: 18889: 18888: 18885: 18884: 18882: 18881: 18875: 18873: 18867: 18866: 18864: 18863: 18858: 18851: 18846: 18841: 18836: 18830: 18828: 18822: 18821: 18819: 18818: 18813: 18812: 18811: 18806: 18801: 18796: 18791: 18786: 18781: 18770: 18768: 18764: 18763: 18761: 18760: 18755: 18750: 18745: 18740: 18735: 18733:Augustinianism 18730: 18724: 18722: 18716: 18715: 18713: 18712: 18707: 18702: 18697: 18692: 18687: 18682: 18676: 18674: 18667: 18661: 18660: 18657: 18656: 18654: 18653: 18648: 18646:Zoroastrianism 18643: 18638: 18632: 18630: 18624: 18623: 18621: 18620: 18619: 18618: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18593: 18588: 18583: 18578: 18568: 18567: 18566: 18561: 18551: 18550: 18549: 18544: 18539: 18534: 18529: 18524: 18519: 18514: 18503: 18501: 18495: 18494: 18492: 18491: 18489:Church Fathers 18486: 18481: 18476: 18471: 18466: 18461: 18460: 18459: 18454: 18449: 18444: 18434: 18429: 18424: 18419: 18414: 18409: 18404: 18403: 18402: 18397: 18392: 18387: 18382: 18371: 18369: 18360: 18359: 18357: 18356: 18351: 18346: 18341: 18336: 18331: 18326: 18321: 18315: 18313: 18304: 18298: 18297: 18295: 18294: 18293: 18292: 18287: 18282: 18277: 18272: 18262: 18256: 18254: 18244: 18243: 18233: 18232: 18229: 18228: 18225: 18224: 18222: 18221: 18216: 18211: 18206: 18201: 18196: 18191: 18186: 18180: 18178: 18172: 18171: 18169: 18168: 18163: 18158: 18152: 18150: 18144: 18143: 18141: 18140: 18135: 18130: 18125: 18120: 18115: 18109: 18107: 18101: 18100: 18098: 18097: 18092: 18087: 18082: 18077: 18072: 18067: 18061: 18059: 18053: 18052: 18050: 18049: 18044: 18039: 18034: 18029: 18024: 18018: 18016: 18010: 18009: 18007: 18006: 18004:Libertarianism 18001: 18000: 17999: 17989: 17988: 17987: 17977: 17971: 17969: 17963: 17962: 17960: 17959: 17954: 17949: 17943: 17941: 17935: 17934: 17932: 17931: 17926: 17921: 17916: 17911: 17906: 17901: 17895: 17893: 17887: 17886: 17884: 17883: 17878: 17873: 17867: 17865: 17859: 17858: 17856: 17855: 17850: 17845: 17840: 17835: 17830: 17825: 17820: 17815: 17810: 17808:Metaphilosophy 17805: 17800: 17794: 17792: 17782: 17781: 17771: 17770: 17763: 17762: 17755: 17748: 17740: 17731: 17730: 17728: 17723: 17720: 17719: 17715: 17714: 17712:Utilitarianism 17709: 17704: 17699: 17698: 17697: 17692: 17685:Libertarianism 17682: 17680:Land value tax 17677: 17676: 17675: 17665: 17660: 17655: 17653:Egalitarianism 17650: 17645: 17644: 17643: 17633: 17632: 17631: 17621: 17616: 17611: 17609:Anti-communism 17606: 17600: 17599: 17598: 17596: 17595:Related topics 17592: 17591: 17589: 17584: 17579: 17574: 17569: 17564: 17559: 17554: 17549: 17544: 17539: 17534: 17529: 17524: 17522: 17518: 17517: 17513: 17508: 17503: 17498: 17493: 17488: 17483: 17478: 17473: 17468: 17463: 17458: 17453: 17448: 17443: 17438: 17433: 17428: 17423: 17418: 17413: 17408: 17403: 17398: 17393: 17388: 17383: 17378: 17373: 17368: 17363: 17358: 17353: 17348: 17343: 17338: 17333: 17328: 17323: 17318: 17313: 17308: 17307: 17306: 17304: 17300: 17299: 17295: 17294: 17289: 17284: 17279: 17274: 17269: 17264: 17259: 17254: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17224: 17219: 17214: 17209: 17204: 17199: 17194: 17189: 17184: 17179: 17174: 17169: 17164: 17159: 17154: 17149: 17144: 17139: 17134: 17129: 17124: 17119: 17117:Wollstonecraft 17114: 17109: 17104: 17099: 17094: 17089: 17084: 17079: 17074: 17069: 17064: 17059: 17054: 17049: 17044: 17039: 17034: 17028: 17027: 17026: 17024: 17020: 17019: 17016: 17015: 17013: 17012: 17007: 17006: 17005: 16994: 16992: 16988: 16987: 16985: 16984: 16983: 16982: 16977: 16972: 16967: 16962: 16952: 16946: 16944: 16940: 16939: 16937: 16936: 16931: 16926: 16921: 16916: 16911: 16906: 16901: 16896: 16891: 16886: 16881: 16880: 16879: 16869: 16863: 16861: 16853: 16852: 16850: 16849: 16848: 16847: 16842: 16837: 16832: 16827: 16822: 16815:United Kingdom 16812: 16807: 16802: 16797: 16792: 16787: 16782: 16777: 16772: 16767: 16762: 16757: 16752: 16747: 16742: 16737: 16732: 16727: 16722: 16717: 16716: 16715: 16710: 16700: 16695: 16690: 16685: 16680: 16679: 16678: 16668: 16663: 16658: 16653: 16648: 16643: 16638: 16633: 16628: 16623: 16618: 16612: 16610: 16604: 16603: 16601: 16600: 16595: 16590: 16589: 16588: 16583: 16578: 16565: 16560: 16555: 16550: 16545: 16540: 16534: 16532: 16528: 16527: 16525: 16524: 16519: 16514: 16509: 16504: 16499: 16493: 16491: 16484: 16478: 16477: 16474: 16473: 16471: 16470: 16465: 16460: 16459: 16458: 16453: 16443: 16438: 16437: 16436: 16431: 16426: 16421: 16416: 16409:Libertarianism 16406: 16401: 16396: 16391: 16390: 16389: 16382:Constitutional 16378: 16376: 16372: 16371: 16369: 16368: 16363: 16358: 16357: 16356: 16346: 16345: 16344: 16334: 16328: 16326: 16320: 16319: 16317: 16316: 16311: 16306: 16300: 16298: 16292: 16291: 16289: 16287:Encyclopaedist 16284: 16279: 16274: 16273: 16272: 16267: 16262: 16257: 16247: 16242: 16237: 16236: 16235: 16230: 16220: 16218: 16209: 16205: 16204: 16200: 16199: 16194: 16193: 16192: 16187: 16180:Social justice 16177: 16172: 16167: 16162: 16157: 16152: 16147: 16146: 16145: 16140: 16135: 16130: 16120: 16119: 16118: 16113: 16103: 16098: 16093: 16088: 16083: 16081:Market economy 16078: 16073: 16072: 16071: 16066: 16056: 16049: 16044: 16042:Invisible hand 16039: 16034: 16032:Harm principle 16029: 16028: 16027: 16022: 16017: 16012: 16011: 16010: 16005: 15990: 15985: 15984: 15983: 15978: 15968: 15963: 15958: 15953: 15948: 15942: 15941: 15940: 15938: 15934: 15933: 15924: 15923: 15916: 15909: 15901: 15895: 15894: 15882: 15868: 15854: 15853:External links 15851: 15849: 15848: 15829: 15823: 15810: 15807:978-0198292364 15789: 15782: 15777:978-0674724891 15776: 15756: 15751:, ed. (1967). 15741: 15739: 15736: 15734: 15733: 15728:978-1405154956 15727: 15714: 15709:978-1412855754 15708: 15695: 15690:978-0748632350 15689: 15672: 15666: 15653: 15647: 15634: 15620: 15615:978-1412969017 15614: 15598: 15592: 15579: 15573: 15560: 15554: 15538: 15533:978-0176500429 15532: 15517: 15505: 15472:978-1412965804 15471: 15455:Cato Institute 15443:Hamowy, Ronald 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15422: 15396: 15368: 15356: 15343:978-0761958628 15342: 15322: 15307: 15300: 15271: 15268:. 23 May 2023. 15257: 15240:liberal.org.uk 15227: 15212: 15176: 15139: 15106: 15076: 15058: 15051: 15031: 15021:978-1475828979 15020: 14996: 14989: 14969: 14952:www.act.org.nz 14937: 14922: 14905:Loksatta Party 14892: 14886:978-1615307487 14885: 14865: 14851: 14836: 14821: 14793: 14778: 14772:978-1000327793 14771: 14747: 14738:978-1787029187 14737: 14717: 14702: 14687: 14673: 14647: 14633: 14619: 14613:978-1461671756 14612: 14592: 14578: 14571: 14553: 14543: 14518: 14511: 14489: 14478: 14461: 14443: 14430: 14405: 14398: 14374: 14346: 14337:978-1483305394 14336: 14330:. p. 44. 14312: 14299: 14280: 14255: 14239: 14222: 14201: 14188:(2): 267–294. 14168: 14155: 14151:978-0415090063 14134: 14130:978-0745310749 14113: 14109:978-1861342218 14092: 14077: 14060: 14048: 14036: 14024: 14012: 14000: 13985: 13979:978-1351352581 13978: 13958: 13946: 13934: 13915:(2): 231–235. 13895: 13883: 13868: 13853: 13841: 13829: 13817: 13805: 13790: 13778: 13766: 13754: 13742: 13730: 13717: 13690: 13680:978-1400837441 13679: 13659: 13650:978-0300065343 13649: 13629: 13619:978-1479865185 13618: 13602:James R. Kirth 13593: 13583:978-1594200205 13582: 13556: 13547:978-1503600294 13546: 13526: 13520:978-0230369948 13519: 13499: 13493:978-1400841950 13492: 13472: 13441: 13410: 13404:978-0230371194 13403: 13383: 13352: 13328: 13307: 13290: 13284:978-0801883910 13283: 13263: 13249:978-1136173974 13248: 13228: 13222:978-0819198136 13221: 13201: 13195:978-0156512695 13194: 13170: 13134: 13109: 13107:, p. 596. 13097: 13085: 13073: 13061: 13049: 13043:978-0719051869 13042: 13024: 13009: 12997: 12995:, p. 377. 12985: 12973: 12958: 12946: 12933: 12927:978-1317857808 12926: 12906: 12894: 12882: 12880:, p. 337. 12870: 12858: 12856:, p. 124. 12843: 12822: 12809: 12776: 12764: 12760:Cato Institute 12744: 12729: 12717: 12695: 12670: 12657: 12655:, p. 132. 12642: 12616: 12605:. 6 April 2023 12590: 12564: 12557: 12532: 12525: 12507: 12486: 12457:(5): 443–449. 12437: 12430: 12410: 12404:978-0674530133 12403: 12397:. p. 58. 12385:Appleby, Joyce 12376: 12360: 12334: 12332:, p. 129. 12322: 12315: 12297: 12269: 12243: 12231: 12218: 12187: 12185: 12182: 12179: 12178: 12161: 12144: 12126: 12125: 12123: 12120: 12118: 12117: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12097: 12092: 12087: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12061: 12060: 12055: 12048:Libertarianism 12045: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 12000: 11995: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11979: 11978: 11968: 11963: 11958: 11957: 11956: 11946: 11941: 11935: 11934: 11933: 11919: 11903: 11900: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11868: 11862: 11852: 11846: 11832: 11826: 11824:Liberal League 11816: 11810: 11804: 11798: 11788: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11765: 11763:Come Venezuela 11759: 11753: 11747: 11741: 11739:Democrat Party 11735: 11729: 11719: 11715:South Africa: 11713: 11707: 11701: 11695: 11689: 11683: 11681:Civic Platform 11673: 11671:Progress Party 11659: 11649: 11639: 11633: 11627: 11617: 11611: 11605: 11599: 11589: 11583: 11577: 11563: 11557: 11555:People's Party 11551: 11545: 11535: 11524: 11514: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11477: 11471: 11465: 11459: 11453: 11447: 11441: 11435: 11429: 11423: 11420:Horace Greeley 11417: 11411: 11405: 11399: 11393: 11387: 11381: 11375: 11372:Jeremy Bentham 11369: 11363: 11357: 11351: 11345: 11339: 11333: 11327: 11321: 11315: 11309: 11303: 11297: 11291: 11285: 11279: 11272: 11269: 11268: 11251:September 2023 11223: 11221: 11214: 11202: 11199: 11164: 11154:Richard Cobden 11150: 11108: 11105: 11041:Richard Cobden 11000: 10997: 10974:Jeremy Bentham 10970:utilitarianism 10965: 10964:Utilitarianism 10962: 10930:overproduction 10916:dismal science 10891: 10888: 10858:invisible hand 10820: 10817: 10793: 10792: 10787: 10781: 10775: 10772: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10580:Jacksonian era 10576:Andrew Jackson 10546: 10545: 10543: 10542: 10535: 10528: 10520: 10517: 10516: 10515: 10514: 10500: 10483: 10482: 10479: 10478: 10477: 10476: 10466: 10459: 10452: 10445: 10438: 10428: 10423: 10418: 10417: 10416: 10406: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10385: 10382: 10381: 10378: 10377: 10374: 10373: 10368: 10367: 10366: 10361: 10351: 10350: 10349: 10339: 10334: 10329: 10328: 10327: 10317: 10316: 10315: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10259: 10258: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10234: 10229: 10223: 10220: 10219: 10216: 10215: 10212: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10166: 10161: 10159:ConservAmerica 10156: 10145: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10129: 10124: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10077:Freedom Caucus 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10038: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10022: 10011: 10010: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9990:Judicial Watch 9987: 9982: 9971: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940:Moral Majority 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9920:The Fellowship 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9892: 9887: 9882: 9877: 9876: 9875: 9859: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9827: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9806: 9801: 9790: 9789: 9784: 9779: 9774: 9763: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9734: 9729: 9718: 9715: 9714: 9711: 9710: 9707: 9706: 9701: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9660: 9653: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9631: 9620: 9619: 9612: 9605: 9598: 9591: 9584: 9577: 9570: 9563: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9535: 9528: 9521: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9497:Gateway Pundit 9493: 9486: 9479: 9476:The Federalist 9472: 9465: 9458: 9451: 9444: 9437: 9430: 9423: 9416: 9413:Breitbart News 9409: 9396: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9359: 9358: 9348: 9341: 9334: 9327: 9317: 9310: 9303: 9296: 9289: 9282: 9275: 9268: 9261: 9254: 9247: 9240: 9233: 9226: 9219: 9212: 9205: 9198: 9191: 9184: 9177: 9170: 9163: 9156: 9143: 9142: 9135: 9125: 9118: 9111: 9104: 9097: 9090: 9083: 9076: 9063: 9060: 9059: 9056: 9055: 9052: 9051: 9046: 9044:Tax Foundation 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8970: 8969: 8964: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8932: 8927: 8922: 8917: 8912: 8907: 8902: 8897: 8892: 8887: 8881: 8878: 8877: 8874: 8873: 8870: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8849: 8844: 8843: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8807: 8802: 8791: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8770: 8768:American Party 8761: 8758: 8757: 8754: 8753: 8750: 8749: 8744: 8743: 8742: 8737: 8729: 8724: 8723: 8722: 8717: 8707: 8702: 8701: 8700: 8693: 8681: 8680: 8679: 8674: 8664: 8663: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8642: 8641: 8640: 8635: 8627: 8622: 8616: 8613: 8612: 8609: 8608: 8605: 8604: 8594: 8584: 8574: 8564: 8554: 8548:The Bell Curve 8544: 8534: 8524: 8514: 8504: 8494: 8484: 8474: 8464: 8454: 8444: 8434: 8424: 8413: 8410: 8409: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8371: 8366: 8361: 8356: 8351: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8311: 8306: 8301: 8296: 8291: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8145: 8142: 8141: 8138: 8137: 8134: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8113: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8078: 8073: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8053: 8048: 8043: 8038: 8033: 8028: 8023: 8018: 8013: 8008: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7963: 7958: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7938: 7933: 7928: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7857: 7854: 7853: 7850: 7849: 7846: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7724: 7721: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7713: 7712: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7685:Taft (William) 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7597: 7592: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7572: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7464: 7463: 7460: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7424: 7419: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7289: 7284: 7279: 7274: 7269: 7264: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7204: 7199: 7194: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7173: 7170: 7169: 7166: 7165: 7162: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7145: 7144: 7139: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7068: 7065: 7064: 7061: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7005: 7004: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6973: 6972: 6962: 6961: 6960: 6958:States' rights 6950: 6945: 6940: 6939: 6938: 6928: 6923: 6918: 6913: 6911:Civil religion 6908: 6903: 6901:Anti-communism 6898: 6893: 6887: 6884: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6876: 6875: 6873:Traditionalist 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6799: 6796: 6795: 6792: 6791: 6783: 6782: 6772: 6771: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6748: 6741: 6733: 6730: 6729: 6728: 6727: 6715: 6703: 6691: 6676: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6557:Koch (Charles) 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6523: 6520: 6519: 6516: 6515: 6512: 6511: 6504: 6497: 6490: 6483: 6476: 6469: 6462: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6438:No, They Can't 6434: 6427: 6420: 6413: 6406: 6399: 6392: 6385: 6378: 6371: 6368:Free to Choose 6364: 6357: 6350: 6343: 6336: 6329: 6322: 6315: 6308: 6301: 6294: 6287: 6279: 6276: 6275: 6272: 6271: 6268: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6210:Cato Institute 6206: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6166: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6095: 6092: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6084: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6010: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5932: 5931: 5928: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5566: 5563: 5562: 5559: 5558: 5555: 5554: 5552:Freedom School 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5508: 5505: 5504: 5501: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5479:Tax resistance 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5454:Self-ownership 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5381: 5376: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5324:Free migration 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5265: 5262: 5261: 5258: 5257: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5211:Natural-rights 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5166:Bleeding-heart 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5142: 5139: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5126: 5125: 5120:Libertarianism 5115: 5114: 5102: 5101: 5099: 5098: 5091: 5084: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5071: 5070: 5056: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5016: 5011: 5005: 5002: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4994: 4993: 4986: 4979: 4972: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4944: 4937: 4930: 4923: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4899: 4892: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4873: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4785: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4768: 4765: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4751: 4750: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4717:Black-and-tans 4704: 4698: 4692: 4686: 4684:People's Party 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4655: 4652: 4651: 4648: 4647: 4644: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4547: 4544: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4536: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4343:King (Coretta) 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4318:Kennedy (John) 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4193:Cuomo (Andrew) 4190: 4185: 4180: 4178:Clinton (Bill) 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4098: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3935:King (Coretta) 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3892: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3852: 3847: 3841: 3838: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3830: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3769: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3739:Social welfare 3736: 3734:Social justice 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3684:Harm Principle 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3644:Egalitarianism 3641: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3620: 3617: 3616: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3565: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3549: 3548: 3538: 3537: 3526: 3523: 3512:Prime Minister 3484:Ottoman Empire 3479: 3478:Ottoman Empire 3476: 3446:Tory democracy 3434:utilitarianism 3422:Jeremy Bentham 3388:Prime Minister 3368:Richard Cobden 3293:natural rights 3287:existing from 3260: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3247:Francis Lieber 3183: 3182: 3175:Encyclopedists 3151: 3104: 3101: 3061:pure democracy 3033: 3032: 3028: 3025: 2934: 2931: 2882:George Stigler 2840:Thomas Malthus 2747:economics and 2720: 2719: 2717: 2716: 2709: 2702: 2694: 2691: 2690: 2689: 2688: 2676: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2639:Ordoliberalism 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2558: 2557: 2554: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2516:Market economy 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2432: 2430:Related topics 2429: 2428: 2425: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2380: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2340: 2335: 2330: 2325: 2319: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2307: 2302: 2300:State monopoly 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2219: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2199: 2194: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2173: 2170: 2169: 2166: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2120: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2072: 2067: 2061: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1857:Liberalization 1854: 1849: 1847:Invisible hand 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1762:Businessperson 1759: 1757:Business cycle 1754: 1749: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1712: 1705: 1698: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1672: 1657: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1650:Utilitarianism 1647: 1642: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1630: 1623:Libertarianism 1620: 1618:Land value tax 1615: 1614: 1613: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1591:Egalitarianism 1588: 1583: 1582: 1581: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1547:Anti-communism 1544: 1538: 1536:Related topics 1535: 1534: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1504: 1503: 1502: 1492: 1490:Arizona School 1482: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1458:United Kingdom 1455: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1369: 1368: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1272: 1271: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1230: 1229: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1148: 1147: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1061: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1045: 1040: 1035: 1030: 1025: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1000: 994: 993: 992: 989: 988: 985: 984: 981: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 920: 915: 910: 905: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 865: 860: 855: 850: 845: 840: 835: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 774: 771: 770: 767: 766: 763: 762: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 585:Wollstonecraft 582: 577: 572: 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 542: 537: 532: 527: 522: 517: 512: 507: 502: 496: 491: 490: 487: 486: 483: 482: 476: 470: 465: 464: 461: 460: 457: 456: 451: 450: 449: 444: 437:Social justice 434: 429: 424: 419: 414: 409: 404: 403: 402: 397: 392: 387: 377: 376: 375: 370: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 338:Market economy 335: 330: 329: 328: 323: 313: 306: 301: 299:Invisible hand 296: 291: 289:Harm principle 286: 285: 284: 279: 274: 269: 268: 267: 262: 247: 242: 241: 240: 235: 225: 220: 215: 210: 205: 199: 196: 195: 192: 191: 188: 187: 182: 177: 172: 167: 166: 165: 160: 155: 154: 153: 138: 133: 128: 123: 118: 113: 108: 103: 102: 101: 91: 86: 81: 75: 72: 71: 68: 67: 59: 58: 52: 51: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19884: 19873: 19870: 19868: 19865: 19863: 19860: 19858: 19855: 19853: 19850: 19848: 19845: 19843: 19840: 19839: 19837: 19822: 19821: 19812: 19810: 19809: 19798: 19797: 19794: 19776: 19773: 19771: 19768: 19766: 19763: 19761: 19758: 19756: 19753: 19752: 19750: 19748:Miscellaneous 19746: 19740: 19737: 19735: 19732: 19730: 19727: 19725: 19722: 19720: 19717: 19715: 19712: 19710: 19707: 19705: 19702: 19700: 19697: 19695: 19692: 19690: 19687: 19685: 19682: 19680: 19677: 19673: 19670: 19669: 19668: 19665: 19663: 19660: 19658: 19655: 19654: 19652: 19650: 19646: 19640: 19637: 19635: 19632: 19630: 19627: 19625: 19622: 19620: 19617: 19616: 19614: 19612: 19608: 19602: 19599: 19597: 19594: 19592: 19589: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19563: 19561: 19559: 19555: 19549: 19546: 19544: 19541: 19539: 19536: 19534: 19531: 19530: 19528: 19526: 19522: 19519: 19517: 19513: 19509: 19501: 19500: 19496: 19492: 19474: 19473: 19469: 19467: 19464: 19462: 19459: 19457: 19454: 19452: 19449: 19448: 19446: 19444:Miscellaneous 19442: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19430:Structuralism 19428: 19426: 19423: 19421: 19418: 19416: 19415:Postmodernism 19413: 19411: 19408: 19406: 19405:Phenomenology 19403: 19401: 19398: 19396: 19393: 19391: 19388: 19386: 19383: 19381: 19378: 19376: 19373: 19371: 19368: 19366: 19363: 19362: 19360: 19358: 19354: 19348: 19345: 19343: 19342:Vienna Circle 19340: 19338: 19335: 19333: 19330: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 19308: 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19293: 19290: 19288: 19285: 19283: 19280: 19278: 19275: 19273: 19272:Moral realism 19270: 19268: 19265: 19263: 19260: 19258: 19255: 19253: 19250: 19248: 19244: 19241: 19239: 19236: 19234: 19231: 19229: 19226: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19209: 19206: 19204: 19201: 19200: 19198: 19196: 19192: 19189: 19187: 19183: 19173: 19170: 19168: 19165: 19163: 19160: 19158: 19155: 19153: 19150: 19148: 19145: 19143: 19140: 19136: 19133: 19132: 19131: 19128: 19126: 19123: 19122: 19120: 19116: 19110: 19107: 19105: 19102: 19100: 19097: 19095: 19092: 19090: 19087: 19085: 19082: 19080: 19077: 19075: 19074:Phenomenology 19072: 19070: 19067: 19065: 19062: 19060: 19057: 19055: 19052: 19050: 19047: 19045: 19042: 19040: 19037: 19035: 19032: 19030: 19027: 19025: 19022: 19020: 19017: 19015: 19014:Individualism 19012: 19008: 19005: 19003: 19000: 18998: 18995: 18993: 18990: 18988: 18985: 18983: 18980: 18979: 18978: 18975: 18971: 18968: 18967: 18966: 18963: 18961: 18958: 18956: 18953: 18951: 18948: 18946: 18943: 18941: 18938: 18936: 18933: 18931: 18928: 18926: 18923: 18921: 18918: 18916: 18913: 18911: 18908: 18906: 18903: 18902: 18899: 18896: 18894: 18890: 18880: 18879:Judeo-Islamic 18877: 18876: 18874: 18872: 18868: 18862: 18859: 18857: 18856: 18855:ʿIlm al-Kalām 18852: 18850: 18847: 18845: 18842: 18840: 18837: 18835: 18832: 18831: 18829: 18827: 18823: 18817: 18814: 18810: 18807: 18805: 18804:Shuddhadvaita 18802: 18800: 18797: 18795: 18792: 18790: 18787: 18785: 18782: 18780: 18777: 18776: 18775: 18772: 18771: 18769: 18765: 18759: 18756: 18754: 18751: 18749: 18746: 18744: 18741: 18739: 18738:Scholasticism 18736: 18734: 18731: 18729: 18726: 18725: 18723: 18721: 18717: 18711: 18708: 18706: 18703: 18701: 18698: 18696: 18693: 18691: 18688: 18686: 18683: 18681: 18678: 18677: 18675: 18671: 18668: 18666: 18662: 18652: 18649: 18647: 18644: 18642: 18639: 18637: 18634: 18633: 18631: 18629: 18625: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18573: 18572: 18569: 18565: 18562: 18560: 18557: 18556: 18555: 18552: 18548: 18545: 18543: 18540: 18538: 18535: 18533: 18530: 18528: 18525: 18523: 18520: 18518: 18515: 18513: 18510: 18509: 18508: 18505: 18504: 18502: 18500: 18496: 18490: 18487: 18485: 18482: 18480: 18477: 18475: 18472: 18470: 18467: 18465: 18462: 18458: 18455: 18453: 18450: 18448: 18445: 18443: 18440: 18439: 18438: 18435: 18433: 18430: 18428: 18425: 18423: 18420: 18418: 18415: 18413: 18410: 18408: 18405: 18401: 18398: 18396: 18393: 18391: 18388: 18386: 18383: 18381: 18378: 18377: 18376: 18373: 18372: 18370: 18368: 18365: 18361: 18355: 18352: 18350: 18347: 18345: 18342: 18340: 18337: 18335: 18332: 18330: 18327: 18325: 18322: 18320: 18317: 18316: 18314: 18312: 18308: 18305: 18303: 18299: 18291: 18288: 18286: 18283: 18281: 18278: 18276: 18273: 18271: 18268: 18267: 18266: 18263: 18261: 18258: 18257: 18255: 18253: 18249: 18245: 18238: 18234: 18220: 18217: 18215: 18212: 18210: 18207: 18205: 18202: 18200: 18197: 18195: 18192: 18190: 18189:Conceptualism 18187: 18185: 18182: 18181: 18179: 18177: 18173: 18167: 18164: 18162: 18159: 18157: 18154: 18153: 18151: 18149: 18145: 18139: 18136: 18134: 18131: 18129: 18126: 18124: 18121: 18119: 18118:Particularism 18116: 18114: 18111: 18110: 18108: 18106: 18102: 18096: 18093: 18091: 18088: 18086: 18085:Functionalism 18083: 18081: 18078: 18076: 18073: 18071: 18070:Eliminativism 18068: 18066: 18063: 18062: 18060: 18058: 18054: 18048: 18045: 18043: 18040: 18038: 18035: 18033: 18030: 18028: 18025: 18023: 18020: 18019: 18017: 18015: 18011: 18005: 18002: 17998: 17995: 17994: 17993: 17990: 17986: 17983: 17982: 17981: 17978: 17976: 17975:Compatibilism 17973: 17972: 17970: 17968: 17964: 17958: 17955: 17953: 17950: 17948: 17945: 17944: 17942: 17940: 17936: 17930: 17927: 17925: 17922: 17920: 17917: 17915: 17914:Particularism 17912: 17910: 17907: 17905: 17902: 17900: 17897: 17896: 17894: 17892: 17888: 17882: 17879: 17877: 17874: 17872: 17869: 17868: 17866: 17864: 17860: 17854: 17851: 17849: 17846: 17844: 17841: 17839: 17836: 17834: 17831: 17829: 17826: 17824: 17821: 17819: 17816: 17814: 17811: 17809: 17806: 17804: 17801: 17799: 17796: 17795: 17793: 17791: 17787: 17783: 17776: 17772: 17768: 17761: 17756: 17754: 17749: 17747: 17742: 17741: 17738: 17727: 17724: 17721: 17713: 17710: 17708: 17705: 17703: 17700: 17696: 17693: 17691: 17688: 17687: 17686: 17683: 17681: 17678: 17674: 17671: 17670: 17669: 17668:Individualism 17666: 17664: 17661: 17659: 17656: 17654: 17651: 17649: 17646: 17642: 17639: 17638: 17637: 17634: 17630: 17627: 17626: 17625: 17622: 17620: 17617: 17615: 17612: 17610: 17607: 17605: 17602: 17601: 17597: 17593: 17588: 17585: 17583: 17580: 17578: 17575: 17573: 17570: 17568: 17565: 17563: 17560: 17558: 17555: 17553: 17550: 17548: 17545: 17543: 17540: 17538: 17535: 17533: 17530: 17528: 17525: 17523: 17521:Organisations 17519: 17512: 17509: 17507: 17504: 17502: 17499: 17497: 17494: 17492: 17489: 17487: 17484: 17482: 17479: 17477: 17474: 17472: 17469: 17467: 17464: 17462: 17459: 17457: 17454: 17452: 17449: 17447: 17444: 17442: 17439: 17437: 17434: 17432: 17429: 17427: 17424: 17422: 17419: 17417: 17414: 17412: 17409: 17407: 17404: 17402: 17399: 17397: 17394: 17392: 17389: 17387: 17384: 17382: 17379: 17377: 17374: 17372: 17369: 17367: 17364: 17362: 17359: 17357: 17354: 17352: 17349: 17347: 17344: 17342: 17339: 17337: 17334: 17332: 17329: 17327: 17324: 17322: 17319: 17317: 17314: 17312: 17309: 17305: 17301: 17293: 17290: 17288: 17285: 17283: 17280: 17278: 17275: 17273: 17270: 17268: 17265: 17263: 17260: 17258: 17255: 17253: 17250: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17218: 17215: 17213: 17210: 17208: 17205: 17203: 17200: 17198: 17195: 17193: 17190: 17188: 17185: 17183: 17180: 17178: 17175: 17173: 17170: 17168: 17165: 17163: 17160: 17158: 17155: 17153: 17150: 17148: 17145: 17143: 17140: 17138: 17135: 17133: 17130: 17128: 17125: 17123: 17120: 17118: 17115: 17113: 17110: 17108: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17098: 17095: 17093: 17090: 17088: 17085: 17083: 17080: 17078: 17075: 17073: 17070: 17068: 17065: 17063: 17060: 17058: 17055: 17053: 17050: 17048: 17045: 17043: 17040: 17038: 17035: 17033: 17030: 17029: 17025: 17021: 17011: 17008: 17004: 17001: 17000: 16999: 16996: 16995: 16993: 16989: 16981: 16978: 16976: 16973: 16971: 16968: 16966: 16963: 16961: 16958: 16957: 16956: 16955:United States 16953: 16951: 16948: 16947: 16945: 16943:North America 16941: 16935: 16932: 16930: 16927: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16900: 16897: 16895: 16892: 16890: 16887: 16885: 16882: 16878: 16875: 16874: 16873: 16870: 16868: 16865: 16864: 16862: 16860: 16859:the Caribbean 16854: 16846: 16843: 16841: 16838: 16836: 16833: 16831: 16828: 16826: 16823: 16821: 16818: 16817: 16816: 16813: 16811: 16808: 16806: 16803: 16801: 16798: 16796: 16793: 16791: 16788: 16786: 16783: 16781: 16778: 16776: 16773: 16771: 16768: 16766: 16763: 16761: 16758: 16756: 16753: 16751: 16748: 16746: 16743: 16741: 16738: 16736: 16733: 16731: 16728: 16726: 16723: 16721: 16718: 16714: 16711: 16709: 16706: 16705: 16704: 16701: 16699: 16696: 16694: 16691: 16689: 16686: 16684: 16681: 16677: 16674: 16673: 16672: 16669: 16667: 16664: 16662: 16659: 16657: 16654: 16652: 16649: 16647: 16644: 16642: 16639: 16637: 16634: 16632: 16629: 16627: 16624: 16622: 16619: 16617: 16614: 16613: 16611: 16609: 16605: 16599: 16596: 16594: 16591: 16587: 16584: 16582: 16579: 16577: 16576: 16571: 16570: 16569: 16566: 16564: 16561: 16559: 16556: 16554: 16551: 16549: 16546: 16544: 16541: 16539: 16536: 16535: 16533: 16529: 16523: 16520: 16518: 16515: 16513: 16510: 16508: 16505: 16503: 16500: 16498: 16495: 16494: 16492: 16488: 16485: 16483: 16479: 16469: 16466: 16464: 16461: 16457: 16454: 16452: 16449: 16448: 16447: 16444: 16442: 16439: 16435: 16432: 16430: 16427: 16425: 16422: 16420: 16417: 16415: 16412: 16411: 16410: 16407: 16405: 16404:International 16402: 16400: 16397: 16395: 16392: 16388: 16385: 16384: 16383: 16380: 16379: 16377: 16373: 16367: 16364: 16362: 16361:Progressivism 16359: 16355: 16352: 16351: 16350: 16347: 16343: 16340: 16339: 16338: 16335: 16333: 16330: 16329: 16327: 16325: 16321: 16315: 16312: 16310: 16307: 16305: 16302: 16301: 16299: 16297: 16293: 16288: 16285: 16283: 16280: 16278: 16275: 16271: 16268: 16266: 16263: 16261: 16258: 16256: 16255:Anti-clerical 16253: 16252: 16251: 16248: 16246: 16243: 16241: 16238: 16234: 16231: 16229: 16226: 16225: 16224: 16221: 16219: 16217: 16213: 16210: 16206: 16198: 16195: 16191: 16190:Welfare state 16188: 16186: 16183: 16182: 16181: 16178: 16176: 16173: 16171: 16168: 16166: 16163: 16161: 16158: 16156: 16153: 16151: 16148: 16144: 16141: 16139: 16136: 16134: 16131: 16129: 16126: 16125: 16124: 16121: 16117: 16114: 16112: 16109: 16108: 16107: 16104: 16102: 16099: 16097: 16094: 16092: 16089: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16074: 16070: 16067: 16065: 16062: 16061: 16060: 16057: 16055: 16054: 16053:Laissez-faire 16050: 16048: 16045: 16043: 16040: 16038: 16035: 16033: 16030: 16026: 16023: 16021: 16018: 16016: 16013: 16009: 16006: 16004: 16001: 16000: 15999: 15996: 15995: 15994: 15991: 15989: 15986: 15982: 15979: 15977: 15974: 15973: 15972: 15969: 15967: 15964: 15962: 15959: 15957: 15954: 15952: 15949: 15947: 15944: 15943: 15939: 15935: 15930: 15922: 15917: 15915: 15910: 15908: 15903: 15902: 15899: 15892: 15887: 15883: 15881:at Wiktionary 15880: 15879: 15873: 15869: 15866: 15861: 15857: 15856: 15846: 15842: 15841: 15836: 15835: 15830: 15826: 15820: 15816: 15811: 15808: 15804: 15800: 15798: 15793: 15790: 15787: 15783: 15779: 15773: 15769: 15765: 15761: 15757: 15754: 15750: 15749:Maurice Shock 15746: 15743: 15742: 15730: 15724: 15720: 15715: 15711: 15705: 15701: 15696: 15692: 15686: 15682: 15679:. Edinburgh: 15678: 15673: 15669: 15663: 15659: 15654: 15650: 15644: 15640: 15635: 15631: 15630: 15625: 15621: 15617: 15611: 15607: 15603: 15599: 15595: 15589: 15585: 15580: 15576: 15570: 15566: 15561: 15557: 15551: 15547: 15543: 15539: 15535: 15529: 15525: 15524: 15518: 15514: 15510: 15506: 15494: 15490: 15486: 15482: 15478: 15474: 15468: 15464: 15460: 15456: 15452: 15448: 15444: 15440: 15436: 15435:Conway, David 15432: 15431: 15411: 15407: 15400: 15385: 15384: 15379: 15372: 15365: 15360: 15345: 15339: 15335: 15334: 15326: 15318: 15311: 15303: 15297: 15293: 15288: 15287: 15281: 15280:Mommsen, Hans 15275: 15267: 15261: 15245: 15241: 15237: 15231: 15223: 15216: 15197: 15193: 15186: 15180: 15169: 15165: 15161: 15157: 15150: 15143: 15136: 15129: 15125: 15124: 15116: 15110: 15094: 15090: 15086: 15080: 15072: 15071:Observador.pt 15068: 15062: 15054: 15052:9781442252608 15048: 15044: 15043: 15035: 15028: 15023: 15017: 15013: 15009: 15008: 15000: 14992: 14990:9789052603810 14986: 14982: 14981: 14973: 14957: 14953: 14949: 14948: 14941: 14933: 14926: 14910: 14906: 14902: 14896: 14888: 14882: 14878: 14877: 14869: 14861: 14855: 14847: 14840: 14832: 14825: 14809: 14808: 14803: 14797: 14789: 14782: 14774: 14768: 14764: 14760: 14759: 14751: 14744: 14740: 14734: 14730: 14729: 14721: 14713: 14706: 14698: 14691: 14683: 14677: 14661: 14657: 14651: 14643: 14637: 14629: 14623: 14615: 14609: 14605: 14604: 14596: 14588: 14582: 14574: 14572:9780415563758 14568: 14565:. Routledge. 14564: 14557: 14550: 14546: 14544:9780801868146 14540: 14536: 14532: 14525: 14523: 14514: 14512:9783030954772 14508: 14504: 14500: 14493: 14486: 14481: 14479:9789004291454 14475: 14471: 14465: 14458: 14454: 14447: 14440: 14439: 14433: 14431:9783319774282 14427: 14423: 14419: 14416: 14409: 14401: 14399:9780190664008 14395: 14391: 14387: 14386: 14378: 14362: 14361: 14360:The Economist 14356: 14350: 14343: 14339: 14333: 14329: 14325: 14324: 14316: 14309: 14303: 14296: 14292: 14289: 14284: 14277: 14273: 14270: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14252: 14248: 14247:Immanuel Kant 14243: 14236: 14232: 14226: 14219: 14215: 14211: 14205: 14196: 14191: 14187: 14183: 14179: 14172: 14165: 14159: 14152: 14148: 14144: 14138: 14131: 14127: 14123: 14117: 14110: 14106: 14102: 14096: 14090:, p. 34. 14089: 14084: 14082: 14075:, p. 33. 14074: 14069: 14067: 14065: 14058:, p. 31. 14057: 14052: 14046:, p. 32. 14045: 14040: 14034:, p. 75. 14033: 14028: 14021: 14016: 14009: 14004: 13998:, p. 72. 13997: 13992: 13990: 13981: 13975: 13972:. CRC Press. 13971: 13970: 13962: 13955: 13950: 13944:, p. 71. 13943: 13938: 13930: 13926: 13922: 13918: 13914: 13910: 13906: 13899: 13893:, p. 70. 13892: 13887: 13881:, p. 76. 13880: 13875: 13873: 13866:, p. 69. 13865: 13860: 13858: 13851:, p. 68. 13850: 13845: 13839:, p. 67. 13838: 13833: 13827:, p. 66. 13826: 13821: 13815:, p. 65. 13814: 13809: 13803:, p. 64. 13802: 13797: 13795: 13787: 13782: 13776:, p. 24. 13775: 13770: 13763: 13758: 13752:, p. 23. 13751: 13746: 13739: 13734: 13727: 13721: 13705: 13701: 13694: 13687: 13682: 13676: 13672: 13671: 13663: 13656: 13652: 13646: 13642: 13641: 13633: 13626: 13621: 13615: 13611: 13607: 13603: 13597: 13590: 13585: 13579: 13575: 13570: 13569: 13560: 13553: 13549: 13543: 13539: 13538: 13530: 13522: 13516: 13512: 13511: 13503: 13495: 13489: 13485: 13484: 13476: 13460: 13456: 13452: 13445: 13429: 13425: 13421: 13414: 13406: 13400: 13396: 13395: 13387: 13371: 13367: 13363: 13356: 13349: 13345: 13341: 13338: 13332: 13325: 13321: 13317: 13311: 13303: 13302: 13294: 13286: 13280: 13276: 13275: 13267: 13260: 13258: 13251: 13245: 13241: 13240: 13232: 13224: 13218: 13214: 13213: 13205: 13197: 13191: 13187: 13186: 13181: 13174: 13158: 13154: 13150: 13149: 13144: 13138: 13131: 13127: 13123: 13119: 13113: 13106: 13101: 13095:, p. 32. 13094: 13089: 13083:, p. 28. 13082: 13077: 13070: 13065: 13058: 13053: 13045: 13039: 13035: 13028: 13021: 13016: 13014: 13006: 13001: 12994: 12989: 12982: 12977: 12971:, p. 81. 12970: 12965: 12963: 12956:, p. 71. 12955: 12950: 12943: 12937: 12929: 12923: 12919: 12918: 12910: 12904:, p. 43. 12903: 12898: 12892:, p. 42. 12891: 12886: 12879: 12874: 12868:, p. 71. 12867: 12862: 12855: 12850: 12848: 12840: 12836: 12832: 12826: 12819: 12813: 12804: 12799: 12795: 12791: 12787: 12780: 12773: 12768: 12761: 12757: 12753: 12748: 12741: 12736: 12734: 12726: 12721: 12713: 12709: 12702: 12700: 12692: 12688: 12684: 12680: 12674: 12667: 12661: 12654: 12649: 12647: 12631: 12627: 12620: 12604: 12600: 12594: 12579: 12575: 12568: 12560: 12554: 12550: 12546: 12539: 12537: 12528: 12522: 12518: 12511: 12504: 12500: 12496: 12490: 12482: 12478: 12474: 12470: 12465: 12460: 12456: 12452: 12448: 12441: 12433: 12427: 12423: 12422: 12414: 12406: 12400: 12396: 12392: 12391: 12386: 12380: 12373: 12367: 12365: 12349: 12345: 12338: 12331: 12326: 12318: 12312: 12308: 12301: 12286: 12285: 12280: 12273: 12258: 12254: 12247: 12241:, p. 52. 12240: 12235: 12229:(2009) p. 129 12228: 12222: 12206: 12202: 12198: 12192: 12188: 12175: 12171: 12165: 12158: 12154: 12151:Example: the 12148: 12141: 12137: 12134:Example: the 12131: 12127: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12075:Neoliberalism 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12059: 12056: 12054: 12051: 12050: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12036: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12001: 11999: 11996: 11994: 11991: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11977: 11974: 11973: 11972: 11969: 11967: 11964: 11962: 11959: 11955: 11952: 11951: 11950: 11947: 11945: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11936: 11931: 11925: 11920: 11917: 11911: 11906: 11899: 11897: 11896: 11891: 11887: 11882: 11880: 11867: 11866:Liberal Party 11863: 11861: 11857: 11854:Switzerland: 11853: 11851: 11848:South Korea: 11847: 11845: 11841: 11837: 11834:New Zealand: 11833: 11831: 11830:Freedom Party 11828:Netherlands: 11827: 11825: 11821: 11817: 11815: 11811: 11809: 11805: 11803: 11799: 11797: 11793: 11792:Liberal Party 11789: 11787: 11783: 11779: 11778:Liberal Party 11775: 11774: 11764: 11760: 11758: 11754: 11752: 11751:Liberal Party 11748: 11746: 11742: 11740: 11736: 11734: 11731:Switzerland: 11730: 11728: 11724: 11720: 11718: 11714: 11712: 11708: 11706: 11702: 11700: 11696: 11694: 11690: 11688: 11684: 11682: 11678: 11674: 11672: 11666: 11660: 11658: 11654: 11651:New Zealand: 11650: 11648: 11644: 11641:Netherlands: 11640: 11638: 11634: 11632: 11628: 11626: 11625:Movement For! 11622: 11618: 11616: 11612: 11610: 11606: 11604: 11600: 11598: 11594: 11590: 11588: 11584: 11582: 11578: 11576: 11570: 11564: 11562: 11558: 11556: 11552: 11550: 11546: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11533: 11529: 11525: 11523: 11519: 11515: 11512: 11508: 11507: 11500: 11497: 11493: 11489: 11475: 11474:Robert Nozick 11472: 11469: 11466: 11463: 11460: 11457: 11454: 11451: 11448: 11445: 11442: 11439: 11436: 11433: 11430: 11427: 11424: 11421: 11418: 11415: 11412: 11409: 11406: 11403: 11400: 11397: 11394: 11391: 11390:David Ricardo 11388: 11385: 11382: 11379: 11376: 11373: 11370: 11367: 11364: 11361: 11358: 11355: 11352: 11349: 11346: 11343: 11340: 11337: 11336:Immanuel Kant 11334: 11331: 11330:Edward Gibbon 11328: 11325: 11322: 11319: 11316: 11313: 11310: 11307: 11304: 11301: 11298: 11295: 11292: 11289: 11286: 11283: 11280: 11277: 11276:Thomas Hobbes 11274: 11273: 11265: 11262: 11254: 11244: 11240: 11236: 11230: 11229: 11224:This article 11222: 11213: 11212: 11208: 11198: 11196: 11195: 11190: 11189:Norman Angell 11185: 11184:Marshall Plan 11181: 11177: 11169: 11168:Immanuel Kant 11163: 11155: 11149: 11144: 11142: 11141: 11134: 11129: 11126: 11122: 11118: 11117:Norman Angell 11114: 11104: 11101: 11097: 11093: 11089: 11088:laissez-faire 11084: 11083:The Economist 11080: 11078: 11077:The Economist 11074: 11073:The Economist 11070: 11066: 11065:The Economist 11062: 11061:laissez-faire 11058: 11054: 11049: 11046: 11042: 11038: 11034: 11033:laissez-faire 11029: 11027: 11023: 11019: 11018:Laissez-faire 11014: 11013:laissez-faire 11010: 11006: 10996: 10994: 10993:laissez-faire 10990: 10989:welfare state 10986: 10982: 10977: 10975: 10971: 10961: 10959: 10955: 10949: 10947: 10946: 10941: 10940: 10934: 10931: 10927: 10923: 10919: 10917: 10913: 10909: 10905: 10904:David Ricardo 10901: 10897: 10887: 10885: 10881: 10876: 10874: 10870: 10866: 10865:David Ricardo 10861: 10859: 10853: 10851: 10850: 10845: 10841: 10840: 10835: 10829: 10825: 10816: 10814: 10810: 10806: 10801: 10797: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10782: 10779: 10776: 10773: 10771: 10770:Individualism 10768: 10767: 10766: 10763: 10761: 10757: 10753: 10748: 10744: 10743: 10738: 10737: 10732: 10725: 10721: 10707: 10705: 10701: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10685: 10681: 10675: 10670: 10668: 10664: 10660: 10655: 10650: 10648: 10644: 10640: 10636: 10632: 10628: 10624: 10620: 10616: 10612: 10608: 10604: 10603: 10597: 10594: 10593:laissez-faire 10590: 10589:laissez-faire 10584: 10581: 10577: 10573: 10570: 10566: 10562: 10558: 10554: 10541: 10536: 10534: 10529: 10527: 10522: 10521: 10519: 10518: 10512: 10501: 10498: 10487: 10486: 10485: 10484: 10474: 10472: 10467: 10465: 10464: 10460: 10458: 10457: 10453: 10450: 10446: 10443: 10442:Cuckservative 10439: 10436: 10432: 10431: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10422: 10419: 10415: 10412: 10411: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10386: 10380: 10379: 10372: 10369: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10356: 10355: 10352: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10343: 10340: 10338: 10335: 10333: 10332:Radical right 10330: 10326: 10323: 10322: 10321: 10318: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10286: 10284: 10281: 10279: 10276: 10274: 10271: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10257: 10256: 10252: 10251: 10250: 10247: 10243: 10240: 10239: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10224: 10218: 10217: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10170: 10167: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10151: 10150: 10149: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10133: 10130: 10128: 10125: 10123: 10120: 10118: 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10044: 10043: 10042: 10041:Miscellaneous 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10017: 10016: 10015: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9977: 9976: 9975: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9896: 9893: 9891: 9888: 9886: 9883: 9881: 9878: 9874: 9871: 9870: 9869: 9866: 9865: 9864: 9863: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9833: 9832: 9831: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9796: 9795: 9794: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9769: 9768: 9767: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9738: 9735: 9733: 9730: 9728: 9725: 9724: 9723: 9722: 9713: 9712: 9705: 9702: 9700: 9699: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9665: 9661: 9659: 9658: 9654: 9652: 9651: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9639:Evie Magazine 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9626: 9625: 9624: 9618: 9617: 9616:WorldNetDaily 9613: 9611: 9610: 9606: 9604: 9603: 9599: 9597: 9596: 9592: 9590: 9589: 9585: 9583: 9582: 9578: 9576: 9575: 9571: 9569: 9568: 9564: 9562: 9561: 9557: 9555: 9554: 9550: 9548: 9547: 9543: 9541: 9540: 9536: 9534: 9533: 9529: 9527: 9526: 9522: 9520: 9519: 9515: 9513: 9512: 9508: 9506: 9505: 9501: 9499: 9498: 9494: 9492: 9491: 9487: 9485: 9484: 9480: 9478: 9477: 9473: 9471: 9470: 9469:Drudge Report 9466: 9464: 9463: 9459: 9457: 9456: 9452: 9450: 9449: 9445: 9443: 9442: 9438: 9436: 9435: 9431: 9429: 9428: 9427:Campus Reform 9424: 9422: 9421: 9417: 9415: 9414: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9403: 9402: 9401: 9400: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9365: 9364: 9363: 9354: 9353: 9349: 9347: 9346: 9342: 9340: 9339: 9335: 9333: 9332: 9331:Spectator USA 9328: 9323: 9322: 9321:Policy Review 9318: 9316: 9315: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9304: 9302: 9301: 9297: 9295: 9294: 9290: 9288: 9287: 9283: 9281: 9280: 9276: 9274: 9273: 9269: 9267: 9266: 9262: 9260: 9259: 9255: 9253: 9252: 9248: 9246: 9245: 9241: 9239: 9238: 9234: 9232: 9231: 9227: 9225: 9224: 9220: 9218: 9217: 9213: 9211: 9210: 9206: 9204: 9203: 9199: 9197: 9196: 9192: 9190: 9189: 9185: 9183: 9182: 9178: 9176: 9175: 9171: 9169: 9168: 9164: 9162: 9161: 9157: 9155: 9154: 9150: 9149: 9148: 9147: 9141: 9140: 9136: 9134: 9131: 9130: 9126: 9124: 9123: 9122:The Spotlight 9119: 9117: 9116: 9115:New York Post 9112: 9110: 9109: 9105: 9103: 9102: 9098: 9096: 9095: 9091: 9089: 9088: 9084: 9082: 9081: 9077: 9075: 9074: 9070: 9069: 9068: 9067: 9058: 9057: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9019:Ripon Society 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8962: 8958: 8957: 8956: 8953: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8913: 8911: 8908: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8896: 8893: 8891: 8888: 8886: 8883: 8882: 8876: 8875: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8848: 8845: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8817: 8815: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8797: 8796: 8795: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8765: 8764: 8756: 8755: 8748: 8745: 8741: 8738: 8736: 8733: 8732: 8730: 8728: 8725: 8721: 8720:Border crisis 8718: 8716: 8713: 8712: 8711: 8708: 8706: 8705:Homeschooling 8703: 8698: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8687: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8669: 8668: 8665: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8647: 8646: 8643: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8617: 8611: 8610: 8600: 8599: 8595: 8590: 8589: 8585: 8580: 8579: 8575: 8570: 8569: 8565: 8560: 8559: 8555: 8550: 8549: 8545: 8540: 8539: 8535: 8530: 8529: 8525: 8520: 8519: 8518:Losing Ground 8515: 8510: 8509: 8505: 8500: 8499: 8495: 8490: 8489: 8485: 8480: 8479: 8475: 8470: 8469: 8465: 8460: 8459: 8455: 8450: 8449: 8445: 8440: 8439: 8435: 8430: 8429: 8425: 8420: 8419: 8415: 8414: 8408: 8407: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8370: 8367: 8365: 8362: 8360: 8357: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8310: 8307: 8305: 8302: 8300: 8297: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8279:Mellon Scaife 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8140: 8139: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8117: 8114: 8112: 8109: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8074: 8072: 8069: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8057: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8032: 8029: 8027: 8024: 8022: 8019: 8017: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7962: 7959: 7957: 7954: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7852: 7851: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7719: 7718: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7680:Taft (Robert) 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7472: 7466: 7465: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7288: 7285: 7283: 7280: 7278: 7275: 7273: 7270: 7268: 7265: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7203: 7200: 7198: 7195: 7193: 7190: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7174: 7171:Intellectuals 7168: 7167: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7134: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7063: 7062: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7034:Republicanism 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7003: 7000: 6999: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6987:Law and order 6985: 6983: 6982:Individualism 6980: 6978: 6975: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6966: 6963: 6959: 6956: 6955: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6948:Family values 6946: 6944: 6941: 6937: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6882: 6881: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6803:Compassionate 6801: 6800: 6794: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6784: 6781: 6774: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6764: 6754: 6749: 6747: 6742: 6740: 6735: 6734: 6732: 6731: 6726: 6716: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6692: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6679: 6678: 6677: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6624: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6524: 6518: 6517: 6510: 6509: 6505: 6503: 6502: 6498: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6489: 6488: 6484: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6468: 6467: 6463: 6461: 6460: 6456: 6454: 6453: 6449: 6447: 6446: 6442: 6440: 6439: 6435: 6433: 6432: 6428: 6426: 6425: 6421: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6412: 6411: 6407: 6405: 6404: 6400: 6398: 6397: 6393: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6384: 6383: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6372: 6370: 6369: 6365: 6363: 6362: 6358: 6356: 6355: 6351: 6349: 6348: 6344: 6342: 6341: 6337: 6335: 6334: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6323: 6321: 6320: 6316: 6314: 6313: 6309: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6300: 6299: 6295: 6293: 6292: 6288: 6286: 6285: 6281: 6280: 6274: 6273: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6204:Organizations 6201: 6200: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6174: 6168: 6167: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6096: 6090: 6089: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6012: 6011: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5934: 5933: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5617: 5614:Intellectuals 5611: 5610: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5597:Neoliberalism 5595: 5593: 5592: 5591:Laissez-faire 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5567: 5561: 5560: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5509: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5380: 5377: 5375: 5372: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5364:Individualism 5362: 5360: 5359:Individuality 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5260: 5259: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5246:Transhumanist 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5137: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5127: 5124: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5108: 5107: 5097: 5092: 5090: 5085: 5083: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5074: 5068: 5057: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5044: 5043: 5042: 5035: 5034:American Left 5032: 5030: 5027: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4985: 4984: 4983:ThinkProgress 4980: 4978: 4977: 4973: 4971: 4970: 4966: 4964: 4963: 4959: 4957: 4956: 4955:Rolling Stone 4952: 4950: 4949: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4935: 4931: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4912: 4910: 4909: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4897: 4893: 4891: 4890: 4886: 4885: 4879: 4878: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4755: 4752: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4714: 4712: 4708: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4656: 4650: 4649: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4606:K. B. Jackson 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4542: 4541: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4333:Kennedy (Ted) 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4198:Cuomo (Mario) 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4146: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3886: 3883: 3881: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3846: 3843: 3842: 3839:Intellectuals 3836: 3835: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3787:Great Society 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3750: 3749:Welfare state 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3709:Republicanism 3707: 3705: 3704:Mixed economy 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3689:Individualism 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3586: 3585:Laissez-faire 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3566: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3525:United States 3522: 3520: 3516: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3496:capitulations 3493: 3489: 3485: 3475: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3464: 3457: 3455: 3454:Liberal Party 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3430:laissez-faire 3427: 3423: 3418: 3417: 3416:The Economist 3412: 3408: 3407:laissez-faire 3404: 3400: 3395: 3393: 3392:nonconformism 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3362:in 1846. The 3361: 3357: 3353: 3345: 3341: 3336: 3332: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3317:Richard Price 3313: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3259:Great Britain 3251: 3248: 3243: 3240: 3236: 3234: 3233: 3232:laissez-faire 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3215:Edward Gibbon 3212: 3211:Richard Price 3208: 3204: 3203:Thomas Hobbes 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3164: 3163:Denis Diderot 3160: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3140:William Paley 3137: 3136:Josiah Tucker 3133: 3132:Adam Ferguson 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3112: 3111: 3109: 3100: 3098: 3094: 3093:central banks 3090: 3086: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3064: 3062: 3058: 3057:James Madison 3053: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3022: 3021: 3019: 3015: 3010: 3009:profit motive 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2985:welfare state 2982: 2977: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2962:Thomas Hobbes 2958: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2930: 2928: 2924: 2923:individualism 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2901: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2886:Larry Arnhart 2883: 2879: 2878:Thomas Sowell 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2858: 2853: 2849: 2846:. It drew on 2845: 2844:David Ricardo 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2745:laissez-faire 2742: 2738: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2715: 2710: 2708: 2703: 2701: 2696: 2695: 2693: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2664: 2663: 2662: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2629:Neoliberalism 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2574:Authoritarian 2572: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2501:Globalization 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2461:Crisis theory 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2419: 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2349: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2320: 2317:Intellectuals 2314: 2313: 2306: 2305:Technological 2303: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2190: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2137: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2097:Institutional 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2081: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2062: 2056: 2055: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1956:Laissez-faire 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1930:Authoritarian 1928: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1916: 1915: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1897:Surplus value 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1877:Privatization 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1738: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1692: 1691: 1689: 1688: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1606:Individualism 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1572: 1568: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1508: 1505: 1501: 1498: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1487: 1486: 1485:United States 1483: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1146: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1085:Latin America 1083: 1081: 1078: 1077: 1074: 1069: 1068: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1019: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1004: 1001: 999: 996: 995: 990:Organizations 987: 986: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 775: 769: 768: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 738: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 646: 643: 641: 638: 636: 633: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 606: 603: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 566: 563: 561: 558: 556: 553: 551: 548: 546: 543: 541: 538: 536: 533: 531: 528: 526: 523: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 498: 497: 494: 489: 488: 480: 477: 475: 472: 471: 468: 463: 462: 455: 452: 448: 447:Welfare state 445: 443: 440: 439: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 415: 413: 410: 408: 405: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 382: 381: 378: 374: 371: 369: 366: 365: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 327: 324: 322: 319: 318: 317: 314: 312: 311: 310:Laissez-faire 307: 305: 302: 300: 297: 295: 292: 290: 287: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 266: 263: 261: 258: 257: 256: 253: 252: 251: 248: 246: 243: 239: 236: 234: 231: 230: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 214: 211: 209: 206: 204: 201: 200: 194: 193: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 164: 161: 159: 156: 152: 149: 148: 147: 144: 143: 142: 139: 137: 134: 132: 129: 127: 124: 122: 119: 117: 114: 112: 109: 107: 104: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 90: 87: 85: 82: 80: 77: 76: 70: 69: 65: 61: 60: 57: 54: 53: 49: 45: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 19813: 19799: 19470: 19461:Postcritique 19451:Kyoto School 19410:Posthumanism 19390:Hermeneutics 19245: / 19186:Contemporary 19162:Newtonianism 19125:Cartesianism 19084:Reductionism 19023: 18920:Conservatism 18915:Collectivism 18853: 18581:Sarvāstivadā 18559:Anekantavada 18484:Neoplatonism 18452:Epicureanism 18385:Pythagoreans 18324:Confucianism 18290:Contemporary 18280:Early modern 18184:Anti-realism 18138:Universalism 18095:Subjectivism 17891:Epistemology 17702:Pirate Party 17431:Lloyd George 17023:Philosophers 16965:Jeffersonian 16708:Berlusconism 16574: 16512:South Africa 16296:Conservative 16282:Physiocratic 16215: 16143:To bear arms 16091:Open society 16051: 15877: 15867:at Wikiquote 15838: 15833: 15814: 15795: 15785: 15763: 15752: 15745:Alan Bullock 15718: 15699: 15676: 15657: 15638: 15628: 15605: 15583: 15564: 15545: 15522: 15512: 15497:. 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Friedman 5685:P. Friedman 5680:M. Friedman 5675:D. 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15164:1563-4418 15158:: 52–69. 15027:Kukiz'15) 14763:Routledge 14535:JHU Press 13921:0094-5056 13589:disguise. 13163:16 August 12752:Kelly, D. 12683:Routledge 12583:2 January 12481:213420239 12473:0013-1857 12353:12 August 12168:Example: 12090:Orléanist 11873:Criticism 11812:Ireland: 11800:Germany: 11796:Amplitude 11776:Belgium: 11691:Romania: 11607:Iceland: 11601:Germany: 11591:Georgia: 11579:Estonia: 11565:Denmark: 11549:New Party 11537:Belgium: 11526:Austria: 11494:and some 11239:verifying 11100:Corn Laws 11071:in 1843. 11005:tradition 10896:Say's law 10813:Catholics 10572:President 10325:Christian 10221:Movements 10008:(defunct) 9943:(defunct) 9740:(defunct) 9721:Economics 9681:Red Scare 9644:The First 9539:LifeZette 9356:(defunct) 9325:(defunct) 8715:and crime 8264:Lindbergh 8239:Krikorian 8143:Activists 8096:Robertson 8076:Podhoretz 8046:Nekrasova 7996:Khachiyan 7921:DiLorenzo 7876:Breitbart 7808:Rehnquist 7783:Kavanaugh 7778:Harlan II 7763:Goldsmith 7710:Wolfowitz 7640:Roosevelt 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17137:Constant 17132:Humboldt 17092:Beccaria 17057:Rousseau 17052:Voltaire 16924:Paraguay 16904:Honduras 16889:Colombia 16845:Whiggist 16835:Muscular 16785:Slovenia 16780:Slovakia 16760:Portugal 16713:Liberism 16636:Bulgaria 16575:Chinilpa 16522:Zimbabwe 16394:Cultural 16309:National 16245:Georgist 16223:Economic 16106:Property 16069:Positive 16064:Negative 16020:Religion 15998:Economic 15971:Equality 15794:(2006). 15762:(2014). 15626:(1881). 15544:(1995). 15511:(1959). 15493:Archived 15437:(2008). 15282:(1996). 15244:Archived 15196:Archived 15168:Archived 14915:11 April 14660:Archived 14422:Springer 14291:Archived 14272:Archived 14153:. p. 83. 14132:. p. 59. 13929:40325773 13604:(2016). 13428:Archived 13370:Archived 13340:Archived 13145:(1995). 12754:(1998): 12387:(1992). 12290:6 August 12262:6 August 12257:BBC News 12018:Georgism 11902:See also 11743:Turkey: 11723:Liberals 11721:Sweden: 11703:Serbia: 11697:Russia: 11675:Poland: 11661:Norway: 11619:Latvia: 11585:France: 11553:Canada: 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1524:Zimbabwe 1478:Whiggism 1438:Thailand 1403:Slovenia 1398:Slovakia 1373:Portugal 1346:Paraguay 1269:Liberism 1234:Honduras 1152:Colombia 1125:Bulgaria 918:Rathenau 893:Milyukov 813:Macaulay 783:Kołłątaj 755:Kymlicka 735:Friedman 680:Cassirer 670:Hobhouse 605:Constant 600:Humboldt 560:Beccaria 525:Rousseau 520:Voltaire 363:Property 326:Positive 321:Negative 277:Religion 255:Economic 228:Equality 151:Catholic 121:National 116:Muscular 94:Feminist 89:Cultural 48:a series 46:Part of 19770:Russian 19739:Spanish 19734:Slovene 19724:Maltese 19719:Italian 19699:Finland 19667:British 19649:Western 19639:Turkish 19624:Islamic 19619:Iranian 19571:Chinese 19558:Eastern 19525:African 19472:more... 19157:Marxism 18987:British 18930:Dualism 18826:Islamic 18784:Advaita 18774:Vedanta 18748:Scotism 18743:Thomism 18685:Tiantai 18628:Persian 18616:Tibetan 18606:Śūnyatā 18547:Cārvāka 18537:Ājīvika 18532:Mīmāṃsā 18512:Samkhya 18427:Academy 18380:Ionians 18354:Yangism 18311:Chinese 18302:Ancient 18265:Western 18260:Ancient 18219:Realism 18176:Reality 18166:Process 18047:Realism 18027:Dualism 18022:Atomism 17904:Fideism 17491:Jenkins 17486:Kennedy 17476:Pearson 17461:Einaudi 17446:Gokhale 17406:Itagaki 17401:Naoroji 17396:Mommsen 17376:Lincoln 17366:Mazzini 17351:Kossuth 17336:Broglie 17331:Bolívar 17326:Artigas 17321:Madison 17182:Spencer 17167:Emerson 17157:Bastiat 17142:Ricardo 17102:Bentham 17042:Spinoza 17003:Small-l 16991:Oceania 16934:Uruguay 16899:Ecuador 16867:Bolivia 16840:Radical 16810:Ukraine 16765:Romania 16740:Moldova 16698:Hungary 16688:Germany 16683:Georgia 16666:Finland 16661:Estonia 16656:Denmark 16641:Croatia 16631:Belgium 16626:Austria 16621:Armenia 16616:Albania 16517:Tunisia 16507:Senegal 16502:Nigeria 16463:Secular 16456:Islamic 16250:Radical 16208:Schools 16111:Private 16059:Liberty 15993:Freedom 15445:(ed.). 15427:Sources 15349:19 July 15250:12 July 15099:3 April 14666:21 July 14367:28 June 14111:p. 344. 13728:(1989). 13324:1406338 13057:Vincent 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