426:
58:
1127:
506:
534:
65:
520:
450:
42:
441:. These were designed for the management of the lake level under normal river flow and the spillway gates were to be used in only extreme conditions. The design of the siphon tubes was faulty: The flow of water was supposed to be stopped by a blast of air, but this never worked properly - resulting in the spillway gates to be used for lake level control.
433:
The bridge over the spillway is the only road access to the turbine hall. The first bridge had a supporting column in the centre of the bridge. The bridge was destroyed by the water running through the spillway in a significant flood event (Source: Mighty River Photo archives). The replacement bridge
384:
Karāpiro is a baseload power station, as it is required to maintain water flow in the lower
Waikato River even during low inflows to the catchment and during low electricity demand. Only two turbines are required to keep the river flow at a reasonable level, with the third turbine being available for
418:
The first generator was commissioned on 10 April 1947, just six days after
Horahora was flooded. However, problems with the guide bearing meant full generation didn't start until 21 April 1947. The second generator was commissioned on 21 September 1947. In the first 12 months (to 31 March 1948), the
479:
As part of the power station's construction, a 110,000-volt double-circuit line was built from the station to
Hamilton substation. The line was commissioned on 29 March 1947. This line remains in service today as the main connection from Karāpiro to the rest of the national grid. In addition,
468:. Each turbine turns a generator, outputting 32 megawatts of electricity each at 11,000 volts. Around 3,770 litres (830 imp gal; 1,000 US gal) of water every second is required to run through the turbines to generate 1 MW of electricity.
652:
629:
581:
880:
1566:
1570:
1553:
457:
Karāpiro's powerhouse is located on the northern bank of the river, with a diversion tunnel and spillway also on the northern bank. The river is dammed by a
111:
2056:
1574:
1562:
1594:
1558:
1582:
1653:
2051:
1590:
1642:
873:
1488:
2066:
1971:
633:
585:
2071:
866:
57:
748:
1863:
1745:
1822:
1448:
17:
1804:
702:
554:
419:
station produced 349,568 megawatt-hours of electricity, just over 20 percent of the North Island's electricity requirements.
653:"STATE HYDRO-ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT STATEMENT BY THE HON. R. SEMPLE, MINISTER IN CHARGE OF THE STATE HYDRO-ELECTRIC DEPARTMENT"
1468:
1212:
683:
549:
1964:
1779:
388:
Like all of the hydroelectric power stations on the
Waikato River, Karāpiro is operated by electricity generator
373:, a major rowing regatta venue. Karāpiro is 30 kilometres (19 mi) south-east and upstream from the city of
719:
1687:
1666:
1814:
741:
1957:
970:
806:
678:. Wellington: Bridget Williams Books Ltd and Electricity Corporation of New Zealand. pp. 316 pages.
1914:
404:. Construction of the dam and power station began in 1940, but a materials and labour shortage due to
291:
1766:
1724:
975:
811:
1799:
1753:
1586:
2076:
1995:
1908:
1827:
1692:
1658:
1418:
1073:
1028:
821:
776:
734:
539:
1848:
1408:
2061:
2030:
2015:
2005:
1878:
1735:
1682:
1314:
1169:
1147:
1141:
1048:
1038:
1033:
1005:
990:
889:
858:
816:
796:
786:
781:
489:
412:
378:
95:
425:
2025:
2020:
1719:
1674:
1329:
1205:
1112:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1043:
1023:
1000:
995:
985:
826:
791:
771:
401:
374:
1443:
1423:
471:
Karāpiro is controlled remotely by
Mercury Energy's Waikato River control room in Hamilton.
461:
south of the powerhouse, with the electricity substation on the southern bank of the river.
1319:
980:
947:
942:
936:
917:
1949:
8:
1364:
1344:
965:
801:
1896:
1809:
408:
meant progress was slow. The station was completed in 1947, four years behind schedule.
1980:
1835:
1774:
1433:
511:
324:
676:
People, Power and Power
Stations: Electric Power Generation in New Zealand 1880 - 1990
847:
698:
679:
1938:
1264:
1932:
1789:
1740:
1621:
1578:
1548:
1438:
1413:
1339:
1198:
1091:
1015:
957:
1884:
1784:
1403:
1398:
1254:
1179:
1107:
381:. It is the last of the eight hydroelectric power stations on the Waikato River.
488:
substations. All the lines are now owned and operated by national grid operator
1518:
1259:
1174:
1164:
757:
465:
400:
Karāpiro was the second power station built in the
Waikato hydro scheme, after
389:
334:
317:
301:
184:
1926:
1428:
2045:
2010:
1984:
1920:
1902:
1872:
1853:
1794:
1758:
1528:
1498:
1483:
1473:
1233:
1221:
1126:
831:
370:
358:
350:
311:
268:
211:
126:
113:
1840:
1478:
1890:
1697:
1523:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1374:
525:
438:
429:
Aerial view of Karāpiro Hydro Power
Station, Waikato River, February 1969
405:
362:
2000:
1711:
1705:
928:
366:
84:
1299:
385:
peak generation and during maintenance on either of the other turbines.
1701:
1648:
1616:
1508:
1388:
1240:
1083:
481:
1284:
1354:
1304:
533:
1359:
1349:
1324:
1294:
458:
354:
250:
201:
1289:
1334:
1309:
893:
726:
607:
519:
485:
99:
1190:
888:
1369:
695:
Connecting the
Country: New Zealand's National Grid 1886 - 2007
449:
196:
41:
464:
Water from Lake
Karapiro runs through the penstocks to three
422:
The third and final generator was commissioned in May 1948.
1979:
909:
411:
The creation of Lake Karapiro behind the dam flooded the
657:
Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives
480:
110,000-volt single-circuit lines connect Karāpiro with
415:, the first power station built on the Waikato River.
501:
1609:(upstream to downstream by location or tributary)
1541:(upstream to downstream by location or tributary)
1461:(upstream to downstream by location or tributary)
437:To the left of the four spillway gates are three
72:Location of Karāpiro Power Station in New Zealand
2043:
434:is as you see today with no supporting column.
673:
64:
1965:
1206:
874:
742:
692:
2057:Hydroelectric power stations in New Zealand
1972:
1958:
1213:
1199:
881:
867:
749:
735:
40:
576:
574:
572:
570:
448:
424:
2052:Energy infrastructure completed in 1948
1810:Horotiu Bridge Road and Te Awa cycleway
14:
2044:
567:
1953:
1194:
862:
730:
555:List of power stations in New Zealand
647:
645:
643:
632:. Mighty River Power. Archived from
584:. Mighty River Power. Archived from
2067:Buildings and structures in Waikato
24:
756:
667:
25:
2088:
2072:1940s architecture in New Zealand
1220:
712:
640:
550:Electricity sector in New Zealand
278:7.7 km (3.0 sq mi)
237:2.4 m (7 ft 10 in)
1125:
582:"Karapiro technical information"
532:
518:
504:
63:
56:
474:
697:. Wellington: Steele Roberts.
622:
600:
377:and approx. 9 kilometres from
29:Dam in Near Cambridge, Waikato
13:
1:
560:
444:
283:Maximum water depth
674:Martin, John E, ed. (1991).
369:. The power station lies on
7:
1641:Tongariro Street Bridge at
1387:(upstream to downstream by
495:
10:
2093:
1864:Longest New Zealand rivers
1780:Claudelands Railway Bridge
395:
229:335 m (1,099 ft)
1991:
1862:
1732:Maungatautari Road Bridge
1725:Arapuni Suspension Bridge
1630:
1605:
1537:
1457:
1383:
1273:
1247:
1228:
1157:
1134:
1123:
1100:
1082:
1014:
956:
927:
908:
901:
840:
764:
333:
323:
310:
300:
290:
286:30.5 m (100 ft)
282:
274:
264:
259:
249:
241:
233:
225:
221:52.4 m (172 ft)
217:
207:
195:
190:
180:
165:
150:
142:
105:
90:
80:
51:
39:
34:
1634:(upstream to downstream)
1606:Waterfalls and cataracts
1277:(upstream to downstream)
902:Operating power stations
245:15.2 m (50 ft)
46:Part of the Karāpiro Dam
1823:Ngāruawāhia rail bridge
1135:Decommissioned stations
659:. 1948 session I: D-04.
540:Renewable energy portal
325:Installed capacity
151:Construction began
1729:Powerhouse Road Bridge
890:Electricity generation
693:Reilly, Helen (2008).
454:
430:
413:Horahora Power Station
347:Karāpiro Power Station
335:Annual generation
306:30 m (98 ft)
127:37.92389°S 175.53917°E
35:Karāpiro Power Station
18:Karapiro Power Station
1647:Pedestrian bridge at
1469:Tongariro River pools
1274:Towns and settlements
722:. Mighty River Power.
452:
428:
197:Type of dam
1915:Waiau Toa / Clarence
1679:Ohakuri Village Road
1538:Islands in catchment
1409:Tauranga Taupō River
1248:Administrative areas
948:Te Rapa cogeneration
720:"Our Power Stations"
132:-37.92389; 175.53917
1800:Pukete sewer bridge
1554:River delta islands
453:The Dam's spillway.
123: /
1981:Hydroelectric dams
1836:Huntly rail bridge
1828:Tainui Bridge Road
1805:Waikato Expressway
1775:Claudelands Bridge
1458:Lakes in catchment
1444:Mangatāwhiri River
1434:Whangamarino River
1424:Pōkaiwhenua Stream
630:"Karapiro History"
512:New Zealand portal
455:
431:
234:Width (crest)
2039:
2038:
1947:
1946:
1849:Mercer Ferry Road
1845:
1832:
1819:
1771:
1763:
1750:
1635:
1610:
1542:
1462:
1392:
1384:Major tributaries
1278:
1188:
1187:
1121:
1120:
856:
855:
848:Turitea Wind Farm
704:978-1-877448-40-9
610:. Karapiro Rowing
608:"Karapiro Rowing"
459:concrete arch dam
353:power station at
343:
342:
275:Surface area
242:Width (base)
191:Dam and spillways
166:Opening date
16:(Redirected from
2084:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1879:Clutha / Mata-Au
1843:
1841:Glen Murray Road
1830:
1817:
1815:Great South Road
1790:Fairfield Bridge
1769:
1761:
1748:
1741:Fergusson Bridge
1633:
1622:Aratiatia Rapids
1608:
1567:Te Weranga Okapu
1549:Motutaiko Island
1540:
1460:
1439:Mangatangi River
1414:Mangakino Stream
1386:
1276:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1129:
906:
905:
883:
876:
869:
860:
859:
751:
744:
737:
728:
727:
723:
708:
689:
661:
660:
649:
638:
637:
636:on 10 June 2011.
626:
620:
619:
617:
615:
604:
598:
597:
595:
593:
578:
542:
537:
536:
528:
523:
522:
514:
509:
508:
507:
176:
174:
161:
159:
138:
137:
135:
134:
133:
128:
124:
121:
120:
119:
116:
67:
66:
60:
44:
32:
31:
21:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2035:
1987:
1978:
1948:
1943:
1858:
1785:Whitiora Bridge
1767:Victoria Bridge
1746:Victoria Bridge
1688:State Highway 1
1667:State Highway 5
1632:
1626:
1607:
1601:
1539:
1533:
1459:
1453:
1404:Tongariro River
1399:Waipakihi River
1385:
1379:
1275:
1269:
1255:Auckland Region
1243:
1224:
1219:
1189:
1184:
1180:Meridian Energy
1153:
1130:
1117:
1108:Hauauru ma raki
1096:
1078:
1010:
952:
923:
897:
887:
857:
852:
836:
760:
755:
718:
715:
705:
686:
670:
668:Further reading
665:
664:
651:
650:
641:
628:
627:
623:
613:
611:
606:
605:
601:
591:
589:
588:on 10 June 2011
580:
579:
568:
563:
546:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
505:
503:
498:
477:
466:Kaplan turbines
447:
398:
172:
170:
157:
155:
131:
129:
125:
122:
117:
114:
112:
110:
109:
76:
75:
74:
73:
70:
69:
68:
47:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2090:
2080:
2079:
2077:Waipa District
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1954:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1868:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1820:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1754:Narrows Bridge
1751:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1709:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1664:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1519:Lake Rotongaro
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1395:
1393:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1265:Taupō District
1262:
1260:Waikato Region
1257:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1175:Mercury Energy
1172:
1170:Genesis Energy
1167:
1165:Contact Energy
1161:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1145:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
962:
960:
954:
953:
951:
950:
945:
940:
933:
931:
925:
924:
922:
921:
914:
912:
903:
899:
898:
886:
885:
878:
871:
863:
854:
853:
851:
850:
844:
842:
838:
837:
835:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
768:
766:
765:Power stations
762:
761:
758:Mercury Energy
754:
753:
746:
739:
731:
725:
724:
714:
713:External links
711:
710:
709:
703:
690:
684:
669:
666:
663:
662:
639:
621:
599:
565:
564:
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559:
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557:
552:
544:
543:
529:
515:
500:
499:
497:
494:
476:
473:
446:
443:
397:
394:
390:Mercury Energy
341:
340:
337:
331:
330:
327:
321:
320:
314:
308:
307:
304:
302:Hydraulic head
298:
297:
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288:
287:
284:
280:
279:
276:
272:
271:
266:
262:
261:
257:
256:
253:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
230:
227:
223:
222:
219:
215:
214:
209:
205:
204:
199:
193:
192:
188:
187:
185:Mercury Energy
182:
178:
177:
167:
163:
162:
152:
148:
147:
144:
140:
139:
107:
103:
102:
92:
88:
87:
82:
78:
77:
71:
62:
61:
55:
54:
53:
52:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2089:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:Waikato River
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1985:Waikato River
1982:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1855:
1854:Tuakau Bridge
1852:
1850:
1847:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1818:(Ngāruawāhia)
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1795:Pukete Bridge
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1759:Cobham Bridge
1757:
1755:
1752:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:Whakamaru Dam
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1659:Aratiatia Dam
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1604:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1536:
1530:
1529:Lake Whangape
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1499:Lake Karapiro
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1484:Lake Maraetai
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:Lake Rotoaira
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Waipapa River
1417:
1415:
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1234:Mount Ruapehu
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1222:Waikato River
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1016:Hydroelectric
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971:Nga Awa Purua
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807:Nga Awa Purua
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685:0-908912-16-1
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371:Lake Karapiro
368:
364:
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359:Waikato River
356:
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351:hydroelectric
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1736:Karapiro Dam
1716:Arapuni Road
1698:Maraetai Dam
1683:Atiamuri Dam
1671:Tutukau Road
1654:Taupō Bypass
1587:Ngāhinapōuri
1571:Kaiwaka No.2
1557:
1524:Lake Waikare
1514:Lake Kimihia
1504:Lake Ngaroto
1494:Lake Arapuni
1489:Lake Waipapa
1449:Awaroa River
1375:Port Waikato
1237:
1230:
694:
675:
656:
634:the original
624:
612:. Retrieved
602:
590:. Retrieved
586:the original
526:Water portal
478:
475:Transmission
470:
463:
456:
439:siphon tubes
436:
432:
421:
417:
410:
406:World War II
399:
387:
383:
363:North Island
346:
344:
339:525 GWh
296:Conventional
26:
1844:(Rangiriri)
1749:(Cambridge)
1720:Arapuni Dam
1712:Waipapa Dam
1706:Maraetai II
1675:Ohakuri Dam
1663:Ohaaki Road
1643:Taupō Gates
1575:Whatamakiri
1563:Namuheiriro
1429:Waipā River
1340:Ngāruawāhia
1238:Flows into:
976:Ngatamariki
812:Ngatamariki
367:New Zealand
146:Operational
130: /
118:175°32′21″E
106:Coordinates
85:New Zealand
2046:Categories
1933:Rangitaiki
1897:Rangitīkei
1770:(Hamilton)
1708:powerhouse
1702:Maraetai I
1649:Huka Falls
1631:Structures
1617:Huka Falls
1595:Motukakako
1559:Opuawhanga
1509:Lake Waahi
1479:Lake Taupō
1389:confluence
1241:Tasman Sea
958:Geothermal
943:Huntly 5-6
939:(co-fires)
937:Huntly 1-4
920:(co-fires)
918:Huntly 1-4
592:20 January
561:References
490:Transpower
482:Te Awamutu
445:Generation
329:90 MW
115:37°55′26″S
2011:Whakamaru
1996:Aratiatia
1885:Whanganui
1579:Motutieke
1355:Rangiriri
1315:Cambridge
1305:Mangakino
1158:Companies
1074:Whakamaru
1029:Aratiatia
832:Whakamaru
822:Southdown
777:Aratiatia
379:Cambridge
361:, in the
260:Reservoir
251:Spillways
96:Cambridge
2031:Karapiro
2016:Maraetai
2006:Atiamuri
1939:Manawatū
1831:(Huntly)
1583:Puehunui
1360:Meremere
1350:Ohinewai
1330:Hamilton
1325:Tamahere
1300:Ātiamuri
1295:Wairakei
1148:Meremere
1142:Horahora
1101:Proposed
1049:Maraetai
1039:Karapiro
1034:Atiamuri
1006:Wairakei
991:Rotokawa
817:Rotokawa
797:Maraetai
787:Karapiro
782:Atiamuri
614:10 March
496:See also
375:Hamilton
355:Karapiro
312:Turbines
208:Impounds
202:Arch dam
181:Owner(s)
173:May 1948
169:May 1948
91:Location
2026:Arapuni
2021:Waipapa
2001:Ohakuri
1983:on the
1921:Waitaki
1903:Mataura
1873:Waikato
1591:Tawanui
1335:Horotiu
1320:Matangi
1310:Arapuni
1285:Tūrangi
1231:Source:
1144:(hydro)
1113:Tauhara
1069:Waipapa
1064:Tokaanu
1059:Rangipo
1054:Ohakuri
1044:Mangaio
1024:Arapuni
1001:Te Mihi
996:Te Huka
986:Poihipi
894:Waikato
892:in the
841:Related
827:Waipapa
792:Kawerau
772:Arapuni
486:Hinuera
402:Arapuni
396:History
357:on the
265:Creates
171: (
156: (
100:Waikato
81:Country
1891:Taieri
1370:Tuakau
1365:Mercer
1345:Huntly
1150:(coal)
1092:Te Uku
981:Ohaaki
896:Region
701:
682:
318:Kaplan
226:Length
218:Height
143:Status
1927:Ōreti
1909:Waiau
1762:(SH1)
1290:Taupō
966:Mokai
802:Mokai
349:is a
94:Near
1937:12:
1931:11:
1925:10:
1704:and
1084:Wind
910:Coal
699:ISBN
680:ISBN
616:2016
594:2011
484:and
345:The
316:3 ×
292:Type
255:Four
158:1940
154:1940
1919:9:
1913:8:
1907:7:
1901:6:
1895:5:
1889:4:
1883:3:
1877:2:
1871:1:
929:Gas
365:of
2048::
1700:-
1593:,
1589:,
1585:,
1581:,
1577:,
1573:,
1569:,
1565:,
1561:,
655:.
642:^
569:^
492:.
392:.
98:,
1973:e
1966:t
1959:v
1598:)
1556:(
1391:)
1236:—
1214:e
1207:t
1200:v
882:e
875:t
868:v
750:e
743:t
736:v
707:.
688:.
618:.
596:.
175:)
160:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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