33:
123:
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where Kakure
Kirishitans had once fled. There were only two surviving priests on the islands, both of whom were over 90, and they would not talk to each other. The few surviving laity had also reached old age, and some of them no longer had any priests from their lineage and prayed alone. Although
180:
was built in
Nagasaki in 1865. Approximately 30,000 secret Christians, some of whom had adopted these new ways of practicing Christianity, came out of hiding when religious freedom was re-established in 1873 after the
153:), goddess of mercy, became common among Kakure Kirishitan, and were known as "Maria Kannon". The prayers were adapted to sound like Buddhist chant, yet retained many untranslated words from
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The Kakure
Kirishitan still exist today, forming "what is arguably a separate faith, barely recognizable as the creed imported in the mid-1500s by Catholic missionaries".
512:
406:
553:
142:
Kakure
Kirishitan are the Catholic communities in Japan which hid themselves during the ban and persecution of Christianity by Japan in the 1600s.
585:
266:
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Buddhism secretly practiced on the
Japanese island of Kyushu, during a period of religious persecution from 1555 to the Meiji Restoration.
198:, or "ancient" Christians, and emerged not only from traditional Christian areas in Kyushu, but also from other rural areas of Japan.
653:
516:
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bringing child" statue, interpreted to be "Maria Kannon" in connection with
Christian worship. Nantoyōsō Collection, Japan.
648:
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17:
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and other parts of the liturgy were passed down orally, because printed works could be confiscated by authorities.
568:
49:
225:
these Hanare
Kirishitans had a strong tradition of secrecy, they agreed to be filmed for Whelan's documentary
638:
658:
643:
220:
In the early 1990s, anthropologist
Christal Whelan discovered some Hanare Kirishitans still living on the
369:
336:
201:
Some Kakure
Kirishitan did not rejoin the Catholic Church, and became known as the Hanare kirishitan (
604:, "Website of Churches and Christian Historical and Cultural Heritage of Nagasaki", operated for the
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in the early 17th century (lifted in 1873) due to
Christianity's repression by the
435:
271:
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177:
632:
472:
131:
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381:
348:
554:"Ikitsuki Journal; Once Banned, Christianity Withers in an Old Stronghold"
407:"Driven Underground Years Ago, Japan's 'Hidden Christians' Maintain Faith"
27:
Japanese Christians who went into hiding during the Edo Period (1603–1868)
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37:
576:
431:
122:
85:
209:, separated Christians). Hanare Kirishitan are now primarily found in
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134:, which depicts two crossing scrolls and a horn, was adopted by the
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Includes a descendant of the Kakure Kirishitan reciting the Orasho.
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76:'hidden Christians') is a modern term for a member of the
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210:
115:
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41:
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623:(Television production). Japanology Plus. NHK. 2019-02-19.
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307:– comparable group of hidden Jews in Spain and Portugal
601:
492:
A to Z Photo Dictionary: Japanese Buddhist Statuary
453:"Les « séparés » du Japon au XIXe siècle"
630:
569:"Lack of Oppression Hurts Christianity in Japan"
488:"Virgin Mary & Kannon, Two Merciful Mothers"
614:, Nagasaki Prefectural World Heritage Division
203:
191:
612:Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region
440:. University of California Press. p. vi.
267:Hidden Christian Sites in the Nagasaki Region
138:as their crest under the Tokugawa shogunate
575:, Sam Sloan, 3 April 1997, archived from
450:
437:The Christian Century in Japan: 1549–1650
84:who went underground at the start of the
376:(in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012.
185:. The Kakure Kirishitan became known as
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172:Kakure Kirishitan were recognized by
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145:Depictions of Mary modeled on the
25:
670:
515:. 4 February 2000. Archived from
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654:History of Christianity in Japan
451:Morishita, Sylvie (2006-04-01).
359:
505:
479:
457:Revue des sciences religieuses
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424:
50:Paris Foreign Missions Society
13:
1:
459:(in French) (80/2): 179–192.
372:[Kakure Kirishitan].
316:
7:
586:"Japan's Crypto-Christians"
541:"Japan – Hidden Christians"
343:. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012.
235:
44:, Kirishitan, 17th-century
10:
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649:Religion in the Edo period
176:, a Catholic priest, when
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620:Hidden Christians: Part 1
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546:Foreign Correspondent
341:Encyclopedia of Japan
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109:
102:Christianity in Japan
48:. Salle des Martyrs,
35:
639:Catholicism in Japan
579:on 27 September 2007
659:Passing (sociology)
644:Crypto-Christianity
606:Nagasaki Prefecture
311:Nagasaki Prefecture
262:Crypto-Christianity
257:Shimabara Rebellion
130:, the crest of the
573:The New York Times
562:, 25 December 2003
559:The New York Times
513:"Kakure Kirishtan"
486:Schumacher, Mark.
413:. October 11, 2015
388:on 25 August 2007.
355:on 25 August 2007.
187:Mukashi Kirishitan
140:
120:
90:Tokugawa shogunate
54:
374:Dijitaru Daijisen
183:Meiji Restoration
174:Bernard Petitjean
136:Kakure Kirishitan
75:
58:Kakure Kirishitan
18:Kakure kirishitan
16:(Redirected from
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596:on July 21, 2008
592:, archived from
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519:on 14 April 2021
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384:. Archived from
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351:. Archived from
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252:Shinbutsu kakuri
242:Haibutsu kishaku
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272:Kakure nenbutsu
247:Shinbutsu bunri
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78:Catholic Church
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151:Avalokiteśvara
149:deity Kannon (
100:Main article:
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92:(April 1638).
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40:disguised as
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594:the original
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577:the original
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521:. Retrieved
517:the original
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495:. Retrieved
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415:. Retrieved
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386:the original
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353:the original
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276:Jōdo Shinshū
274:, a form of
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222:Gotō Islands
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215:Gotō Islands
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549:documentary
432:Boxer, C.R.
282:Inquisition
213:and on the
178:Ōura Church
132:Gion Shrine
128:gion-mamori
114:porcelain "
38:Virgin Mary
633:Categories
523:2 February
417:2022-06-29
317:References
159:Portuguese
86:Edo period
473:0035-2217
370:"隠れキリシタン"
434:(1951).
382:56431036
349:56431036
305:Converso
292:Mozarabs
287:Laramans
236:See also
147:Buddhist
63:Japanese
411:NPR.org
297:Marrano
211:Urakami
205:離れキリシタン
163:Spanish
116:Guanyin
96:History
74:
67:隠れキリシタン
602:Orasho
497:11 May
471:
380:
347:
301:Anusim
227:Otaiya
193:昔キリシタン
165:. The
161:, and
42:Kannon
167:Bible
155:Latin
112:Dehua
82:Japan
46:Japan
525:2022
499:2016
469:ISSN
378:OCLC
345:OCLC
126:The
72:lit.
36:The
461:doi
337:"S"
80:in
635::
588:,
571:,
556:,
543::
490:.
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409:.
394:^
361:^
339:.
324:^
229:.
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157:,
110:A
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608:.
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190:(
61:(
52:.
20:)
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