83:
243:
1227:
762:
290:
98:
404:, governor of Yucatán. The northern lowland Petén region includes families that can be traced back to pre-colonial Itza. Although the Itza language is near extinction, Itza agro-forestry practices, including use of dietary and medicinal plants, may still tell much about how pre-colonial Itza managed the Maya lowlands.
399:
The Itza' were the last Maya kingdom to remain independent of the
Spanish, and some Spanish priests peacefully visited and preached to the last Itza king as late as 1696. On March 13, 1697, the Itza kingdom finally submitted to Spanish rule, represented by a force led by
153:
is now almost extinct. Data taken from the Summer
Institute of Linguistics (SIL) suggest there were only twelve fluent Itza speakers left in 1986 and 60 non-fluent speakers in 1991. According to the census of 2002, however, there are still 1094 speakers. The Mayan word
250:
While part of the story of Hunac Ceel seem to be more mythical than historical, it is generally accepted that the Itza of Chichén Itzá were the eventual losers in a power struggle between the three
Yucatecan lineages of the
263:. And around 1331 archeological remains attest that Chichén Itzá and other Itza dominated sites, for example Isla Cerritos, were abandoned. The fall of these sites was contemporary with a gradual incursion of Mexicanized
1063:
750:
519:
473:
1053:
612:
235:
of Chichén Itzá. However, he survived the attempted sacrifice, and having spent a night in the water he was able to relate a prophecy of the rain god
743:
199:
728:
736:
256:
1993:
332:
in 1519. The Itza' empire covered 230,000 square kilometers, organised into 4 main kingdoms, all of which were subordinate to the Itza':
246:
Map of maximal extend of Maya Itza empire in 1519 with borders – - – - of the 4+1 cardinal kingdoms and all other external Maya kingdoms.
1627:
1968:
1310:
149:
According to the census of 2002, there are 1,983 ethnic Itza, who retain some aspects of their indigenous culture. However, the
692:
666:
369:(La Malinche / Doña Marina) and 6 other women were given to Cortes at the end of the Battle of Cuintla as a peace act by the
380:
led an expedition to what is now
Honduras. While in the territory of the Itza' Empire, he executed the last Aztec emperor,
239:
about the year's coming harvest. Once lord of
Mayapan, he orchestrated, aided by sorcery, the destruction of Chichén Itzá.
523:
477:
1973:
653:
Rice, Prudence M. (2009a). "The Kowoj in
Geopolitical-Ritual Perspective". In Rice, Prudence M.; Rice, Don S. (eds.).
722:
707:
605:
1983:
1300:
1174:
1032:
766:
1877:
1867:
1436:
1892:
1978:
1155:
1214:
635:
317:
means "great island" in Itza'. The early
Spanish accounts referred to it as Tayasal, derived from the Nahuatl
1204:
758:
1988:
1902:
1852:
1194:
658:
520:"XI Censo Nacional de Población y VI de Habitación (Censo 2002) – Idioma o lengua en que aprendió a hablar"
1998:
1209:
284:
1199:
626:(1). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.
324:
The Itza' were at the height of their territorial expansion when Cortes arrived on the coastal cities of
194:, migrating to Yucatán during the Maya collapse at the end of the Classic Period. From their capital at
1857:
1616:
1305:
1261:
231:. Hunac Ceel fought the Itzas but was taken captive and was to be sacrificed by being thrown into the
1872:
1532:
1431:
1414:
1404:
219:
recount the history of the Itza and the demise of their empire at the hands of a band of
Mexicanized
87:
1837:
1122:
448:
1332:
275:, and it seems that these were indeed the people who caused the fall of the original Itza state.
179:
175:
1112:
870:
1602:
474:"XI Censo Nacional de Población y VI de Habitación (Censo 2002) – Pertenencia de grupo étnico"
1827:
1735:
1409:
1322:
1273:
1189:
1117:
987:
1862:
1705:
1595:
1557:
1290:
1256:
1058:
820:
138:
1887:
1847:
384:, for conspiring to kill him. He later visited Nojpetén with an army of Spaniards and 600
302:
183:
8:
1807:
1564:
1505:
1448:
1022:
845:
385:
895:
865:
294:
134:
122:
1842:
1670:
1609:
1441:
1369:
1148:
1027:
885:
498:
377:
150:
401:
82:
1710:
1241:
1164:
1017:
1012:
880:
718:
703:
688:
672:
662:
627:
601:
195:
158:
means 'enchanted waters' and may have been adopted from the name of the lake itself.
1882:
946:
655:
The Kowoj: identity, migration, and geopolitics in late postclassic Petén, Guatemala
1912:
1685:
1268:
1078:
1037:
961:
926:
840:
52:
1226:
1937:
1792:
1665:
1650:
1460:
1426:
1317:
1251:
1184:
900:
890:
835:
810:
347:
1588:
951:
325:
1932:
1700:
1354:
1003:
860:
389:
358:
73:
69:
1942:
921:
306:
1963:
1957:
1922:
1917:
1550:
1470:
1421:
1379:
1359:
1344:
1280:
1141:
1068:
992:
875:
805:
676:
631:
418:
48:
381:
264:
220:
1802:
1740:
1730:
1725:
1545:
1539:
1394:
1384:
1364:
956:
905:
855:
791:
413:
340:
215:
118:
106:
91:
64:
329:
1777:
1695:
1571:
1374:
1327:
830:
815:
800:
780:
366:
242:
171:
1510:
310:
1349:
1295:
850:
393:
370:
224:
187:
1690:
685:
The Code of Kings: The language of seven sacred Maya temples and tombs
1660:
1581:
1285:
931:
770:
613:"A Peninsula That May Have Been an Island: Tayasal, Peten, Guatemala"
191:
126:
1495:
1133:
715:
The Aztecs, Maya, and Their
Predecessors: Archaeology of Mesoamerica
144:
141:, and nearby portions of Belize where they form an ethnic minority.
1927:
1787:
1772:
1755:
1750:
1339:
1086:
966:
583:, Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 38
428:
423:
210:
means 'at the mouth of the well of the Itza' in the Itza language.
203:
1490:
198:, Mexico they established a trade empire reaching as far south as
1817:
1782:
1675:
1246:
1091:
936:
268:
228:
1500:
289:
97:
1767:
1715:
1680:
1485:
971:
351:
272:
260:
232:
130:
102:
1812:
1797:
1745:
1655:
1645:
1640:
1515:
1096:
941:
252:
236:
297:, Guatemala, built on the ruins of the Itza capital Nojpetén
170:
Yucatecan Maya lineage; historically they were an important
1480:
1453:
522:. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. 2002. Archived from
476:. Instituto Nacional de Estadística. 2002. Archived from
579:
Atran, Scott; Lois, Ximena; Ucan Ek', Edilberto (2004)
133:. The majority of Itza are inhabitants of the city of
652:
174:people who dominated the Yucatán peninsula in the
388:on his way to Honduras in 1523 and he celebrated
145:Numbers of ethnic group members and Itza speakers
1955:
610:
1149:
744:
687:, Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, New York.
454:. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica Guatemala
301:The Itza then left or were expelled from the
259:and the Itzá, all claiming heritage from the
1156:
1142:
751:
737:
441:
288:
241:
178:. The Itza may have originated from the
96:
81:
376:In 1523, after the fall of the Aztecs,
1956:
717:(3rd ed.). San Diego: Academic Press.
1163:
1137:
732:
600:, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London.
598:The Lost Chronicles of the Maya Kings
38:Regions with significant populations
1002:Descendants of Europeans (white or
13:
227:, founder of the Cocom dynasty of
14:
2010:
543:Schele & Matthews 1999, p.63.
305:region and returned south to the
166:The Itza were descended from the
1994:History of the Yucatán Peninsula
1225:
760:
1969:Indigenous peoples in Guatemala
499:"Itza' A language of Guatemala"
713:Weaver, Muriel Porter (1993).
573:
564:
555:
546:
537:
512:
491:
466:
1:
702:. Stanford University Press.
683:Schele & Matthews (1999)
611:Reina, Ruben E. (Fall 1966).
590:
581:Plants of the Peten Itza Maya
161:
16:Central American ethnic group
659:University Press of Colorado
7:
407:
278:
10:
2015:
1878:Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil
698:Sharer, Robert J. (1994).
282:
223:led by the mercenary king
1974:Maya peoples of Guatemala
1901:
1826:
1626:
1533:Annals of the Cakchiquels
1524:
1469:
1393:
1234:
1223:
1173:
1105:
1077:
1046:
1001:
980:
914:
787:
777:
657:. Boulder, Colorado, US:
309:region to build the city
285:Spanish conquest of Petén
63:
58:
47:
42:
37:
32:
27:
788:Guatemalan native groups
779:Ancestral background of
434:
1984:Maya Postclassic Period
1893:Yuknoom Yichʼaak Kʼahkʼ
1853:Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat
321:("place of the Itzá").
767:Ancestry and ethnicity
298:
247:
110:
105:that gave its name to
94:
1979:Mesoamerican cultures
1868:Kʼinich Yax Kʼukʼ Moʼ
1858:Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal
1617:Título de Totonicapán
1190:Classic Maya collapse
1047:Descendants of Asians
292:
245:
100:
85:
1873:Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk I
1596:Ritual of the Bacabs
1257:Twin-pyramid complex
1989:Maya Contact Period
1838:Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil
1808:Xmucane and Xpiacoc
1603:Songs of Dzitbalché
781:Guatemalan citizens
596:Drew, David (1999)
365:The Nahua princess
176:Post-classic period
125:region of northern
24:
1863:Kʼinich Yat Ahk II
1671:Howler monkey gods
981:Guatemalan mestizo
915:Former and extinct
661:. pp. 21–54.
561:Reina 1966, p. 20.
501:. ethnologue. 1986
313:as their capital.
299:
248:
111:
95:
22:
1951:
1950:
1888:Yuknoom Chʼeen II
1848:Itzam Kʼan Ahk II
1166:Maya civilization
1131:
1130:
693:978-0-684-85209-6
668:978-0-87081-930-8
570:Rice 2009, p. 43.
552:Drew 1999, p.373.
449:"Resultados 2018"
373:Paxbolon Nachan.
184:Motul de San José
119:Maya ethnic group
80:
79:
2006:
1999:Petén Department
1913:Lady Eveningstar
1905:
1830:
1630:
1473:
1397:
1229:
1195:Spanish conquest
1177:
1167:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1135:
1134:
1079:Afro-descendants
765:
764:
763:
753:
746:
739:
730:
729:
700:The Ancient Maya
680:
649:
647:
646:
640:
634:. Archived from
617:
584:
577:
571:
568:
562:
559:
553:
550:
544:
541:
535:
534:
532:
531:
516:
510:
509:
507:
506:
495:
489:
488:
486:
485:
470:
464:
463:
461:
459:
453:
445:
336:Northern (Cobox)
28:Total population
25:
21:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2003:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1938:Wak Chanil Ajaw
1903:
1897:
1828:
1822:
1628:
1622:
1520:
1471:
1465:
1437:Human sacrifice
1395:
1389:
1252:Triadic pyramid
1230:
1221:
1185:Preclassic Maya
1175:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1132:
1127:
1101:
1073:
1042:
997:
976:
910:
789:
783:
773:
761:
759:
757:
669:
644:
642:
638:
615:
593:
588:
587:
578:
574:
569:
565:
560:
556:
551:
547:
542:
538:
529:
527:
518:
517:
513:
504:
502:
497:
496:
492:
483:
481:
480:on 12 June 2008
472:
471:
467:
457:
455:
451:
447:
446:
442:
437:
410:
402:Martín de Ursua
293:Aerial view of
287:
281:
164:
147:
139:Lake Petén Itzá
67:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2012:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1883:Yoʼnal Ahk III
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1834:
1832:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1449:Social classes
1446:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1311:Maritime trade
1308:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1192:
1187:
1181:
1179:
1171:
1170:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1138:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1007:
999:
998:
996:
995:
990:
984:
982:
978:
977:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
947:Lakandon Chʼol
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
918:
916:
912:
911:
909:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
797:
795:
785:
784:
778:
775:
774:
756:
755:
748:
741:
733:
727:
726:
711:
696:
681:
667:
650:
608:
592:
589:
586:
585:
572:
563:
554:
545:
536:
511:
490:
465:
439:
438:
436:
433:
432:
431:
426:
421:
416:
409:
406:
396:of the Itza'.
363:
362:
355:
344:
337:
280:
277:
180:Classic Period
163:
160:
146:
143:
121:native to the
78:
77:
70:Roman Catholic
61:
60:
56:
55:
45:
44:
40:
39:
35:
34:
30:
29:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2011:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1923:Lady of Tikal
1921:
1919:
1918:Lady of Itzan
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:Haʼ Kʼin Xook
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1610:Título Cʼoyoi
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1442:Death rituals
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1168:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1147:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1136:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
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723:0-01-263999-0
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708:0-8047-2130-0
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641:on 2023-05-17
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606:0-297-81699-3
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526:on 2011-09-28
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419:Itza language
417:
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397:
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387:
383:
379:
378:Hernán Cortés
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222:
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217:
213:The books of
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
159:
157:
152:
151:Itza language
142:
140:
136:
132:
129:and parts of
128:
124:
120:
116:
108:
104:
99:
93:
89:
84:
75:
71:
66:
62:
57:
54:
50:
46:
41:
36:
31:
26:
1803:Vucub Caquix
1762:
1731:Ah-Muzen-Cab
1722:Post-Classic
1711:Moon goddess
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1589:Rabinal Achí
1587:
1580:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1540:Chilam Balam
1538:
1531:
1242:Architecture
952:Manche Chʼol
825:
714:
699:
684:
654:
643:. Retrieved
636:the original
623:
619:
597:
580:
575:
566:
557:
548:
539:
528:. Retrieved
524:the original
514:
503:. Retrieved
493:
482:. Retrieved
478:the original
468:
456:. Retrieved
443:
414:Chichen Itza
398:
386:Chontal Maya
375:
364:
326:Chakán Putum
323:
318:
314:
300:
271:and central
249:
216:Chilam Balam
214:
212:
208:Chichen Itza
207:
196:Chichén Itzá
172:Mesoamerican
167:
165:
155:
148:
114:
112:
107:Chichen Itza
92:Chichen Itza
65:Christianity
19:Ethnic group
1943:Yohl Ikʼnal
1778:Hun Hunahpu
1696:Kinich Ahau
1686:Jaguar gods
1123:Salvadorans
922:Acala Chʼol
886:Sipakapense
794:and others)
307:Petén Basin
101:The sacred
88:El Castillo
74:Evangelical
1958:Categories
1793:Qʼuqʼumatz
1666:Hero Twins
1651:Death gods
1525:Literature
1461:Households
1427:Priesthood
881:Sakapultek
871:Qʼanjobʼal
645:2013-02-01
620:Expedition
591:References
530:2009-12-22
505:2008-06-02
484:2009-12-22
382:Cuauhtémoc
357:Southern (
283:See also:
265:Putún Maya
225:Hunac Ceel
221:Putún Maya
188:Peten Itza
186:near lake
162:In Yucatán
1933:Sak Kʼukʼ
1763:Popol Vuh
1701:Maize god
1661:Goddess I
1582:Popol Vuh
1432:Sacrifice
1415:Midwifery
1405:Childhood
1355:Mythology
1318:Languages
1205:Guatemala
1113:Americans
962:Tojolabal
932:Chinamita
927:Alaguilac
896:Tzʼutujil
866:Poqomchiʼ
841:Kaqchikel
771:Guatemala
677:225875268
632:0014-4738
392:with the
367:Malintzin
346:Eastern (
339:Western (
330:Potonchán
315:Noj peten
192:Guatemala
127:Guatemala
43:Languages
1928:Lady Xoc
1788:Jacawitz
1773:Camazotz
1756:Yum Kaax
1751:Kukulkan
1511:Tzolkʼin
1472:Calendar
1422:Religion
1380:Textiles
1360:Numerals
1345:Medicine
1340:Mayanist
1281:Ceramics
1274:Graffiti
1118:Mexicans
1106:Americas
1087:Garifuna
1064:Lebanese
967:Toquegua
901:Uspantek
891:Tektitek
876:Qʼeqchiʼ
836:Jakaltek
821:Chʼortiʼ
811:Awakatek
429:Morzillo
424:Kukulkan
408:See also
359:Q'eqchi'
319:tah itza
311:Nojpetén
279:In Petén
204:Honduras
182:city of
59:Religion
1818:Zipacna
1783:Huracan
1691:Kʼawiil
1676:Itzamna
1637:Classic
1629:Deities
1559:Grolier
1552:Dresden
1546:Codices
1396:Society
1385:Warfare
1323:Classic
1301:Economy
1291:Cuisine
1262:Revival
1247:E-Group
1215:Yucatán
1200:Chiapas
1176:History
1092:Mulatto
1033:Spanish
1028:Russian
1023:Italian
1004:Criollo
988:Mestizo
937:Kejache
861:Poqomam
846:Kʼicheʼ
394:Kan Ek'
371:Kan Ek'
341:Chontal
303:Yucatán
269:Tabasco
261:Toltecs
229:Mayapan
168:Ah Itzá
53:Spanish
1904:Queens
1768:Awilix
1716:Yopaat
1681:Ixchel
1566:Madrid
1496:Kʼatun
1486:Baktun
1375:Stelae
1365:People
1328:Script
1286:Cities
1235:Topics
1069:Romani
1059:Korean
1054:Jewish
1018:German
1013:French
993:Ladino
972:Yalain
806:Akatek
721:
706:
691:
675:
665:
630:
604:
352:Yalain
295:Flores
273:Mexico
255:, the
233:cenote
135:Flores
131:Belize
117:are a
103:cenote
1829:Kings
1813:Xquic
1798:Tohil
1746:Ixtab
1656:God L
1646:Chaac
1641:Bacab
1573:Paris
1516:Winal
1491:Haabʼ
1410:Women
1370:Sites
1350:Music
1306:Trade
1296:Dance
1210:Petén
1097:Zambo
1038:Swiss
957:Pipil
942:Kowoj
906:Xinca
856:Mopan
639:(PDF)
616:(PDF)
458:9 May
452:(PDF)
435:Notes
348:Mopan
267:from
253:Cocom
123:Péten
90:" at
49:Itzaʼ
33:2,926
1964:Itza
1741:Chin
1736:Akna
1726:Acat
1501:Kʼin
1481:Ajaw
1454:Ajaw
1333:List
831:Ixil
826:Itza
816:Chuj
801:Achi
792:Maya
719:ISBN
704:ISBN
689:ISBN
673:OCLC
663:ISBN
628:ISSN
602:ISBN
460:2020
390:mass
350:and
328:and
237:Chac
200:Naco
156:itza
115:Itza
113:The
23:Itza
1706:Mam
1506:Tun
1269:Art
851:Mam
769:in
257:Xiu
202:in
190:in
137:on
1960::
671:.
622:.
618:.
206:.
72:,
51:,
1157:e
1150:t
1143:v
1006:)
790:(
752:e
745:t
738:v
725:.
710:.
695:.
679:.
648:.
624:9
533:.
508:.
487:.
462:.
361:)
354:)
343:)
109:.
86:"
76:)
68:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
