Edith Roosevelt - Knowledge

749: 1327: 939:. Upon entering the White House, she rearranged the furniture in the living quarters and then promptly slept for two days. One benefit of their new position meant that the Roosevelts no longer had to worry about money, and she came to enjoy her life as first lady. For her sitting room, Edith used an oval library adjacent to the president's office. From here she could watch over him and scold him if he was working too late. Instead of overseeing meal preparation in the White House, Edith hired caterers, allowing her to lighten her schedule and to avoid potential criticism for poor catering decisions. She likewise delegated management of the staff to the chief usher. Rather than hiring a housekeeper, she took personal responsibility for the care of the mansion. 44: 879:'s electoral ticket. In the days leading up to the convention, the Roosevelts dined at the White House with President McKinley, where Edith reveled in the fact that she and Theodore were much younger than the other guests of their status. As the presidential campaign commenced, she tended to their home while he traveled to garner support. She became very thin during the campaign, because of the stress of Theodore being away and the possibility that he might win. After Theodore was elected vice president, Edith began receiving requests that she donate some of her possessions to be auctioned, as was common for prominent women of the time. She started a diary, deciding that her insights as the wife of a public figure were worth preserving. 1335: 1144: 1343:

trip to Europe, where they visited France, Switzerland, and Italy, including a stay at the home of Edith's sister. They returned in November, only for Edith and Ethel to leave for Egypt the following March to reunite with Theodore and go on another European tour. They returned to New York in June 1910, and for the first time in nearly two years, Edith, Theodore, and their children were all reunited. Theodore began embarking on speaking tours shortly after their return, again leaving Edith alone until she eventually decided to accompany him in March 1911.

982: 1030: 1588:, left her in pain for hours at a time as it became more severe in the 1930s. She spent March 1934 in Greece before making her final journey to South America in January 1935. Her income at this point had decreased, and she could no longer afford elaborate vacations. Edith then broke her hip after taking a fall that November. It did not heal well, and she spent five months in the hospital. The injury meant she could no longer live an active life. Continuing her recovery in early 1937, she rented a home, Magnolia Manor, for a few months in 1417:

told only her sister-in-law Corinne—but she felt that she had to do her part for the family and take on Theodore's family responsibilities as well. From February through May, she went to Europe to see her sons, stay with her sister, and visit Quentin's grave. She then accompanied Kermit on a vacation in South America that December. Both of these trips were fueled by a need to avoid memories of Theodore at Oyster Bay, but she began traveling for leisure as time passed. The following decade was marked by further ventures around the world.

1633: 1644:, whose poor health prevented her from being active as first lady. Edith was more socially active than the first ladies of the preceding two decades, as they either had abbreviated tenures or were unable to fulfill their duties. Besides social activity, Edith was the most athletic first lady to occupy the White House at that point, regularly engaging in walks and horseback riding. She was the last first lady to live in an environment where horseback riding was a common part of life, and she disliked using automobiles. 360: 5296: 948: 1104:, which was entirely redesigned, including a new ceiling, wallpaper, carpeting, and three electric crystal chandeliers. She also had a tennis court installed, hoping that it would encourage her husband to maintain a healthy weight. Other projects included changes to the public areas and a redesign of the garden. The renovations were generally received positively. The Roosevelts moved back into the White House on November 4, 1902, as renovations finished over the following month. 5152: 1392:, Edith found that she no longer had the energy to keep up with political figures passing through their home. For her part, Edith marched with the "Independent Patriotic Women of America", which had been organized by Theodore III and his wife Eleanor. She also became president of the Needlework Guild. To get away from the politics of the war, Edith and Theodore left for the Caribbean in February 1916. They had planned further vacations over the following year, but as 592:

he encountered Edith by chance at his sister's house. They renewed their relationship and were secretly engaged that November, unwilling to disclose that Theodore was to rewed so soon after the death of his wife. After their engagement was set, they separated for eight months so Edith could help her mother and sister move to Europe while Theodore could settle his business affairs on the frontier. They remained in contact, but she preserved only one of these letters.

1354:. Edith was severely injured the following month after being thrown off of her horse. She was unconscious for the next two days and underwent physical rehabilitation for several months thereafter. She temporarily lost her sense of taste from the accident, and she permanently lost her sense of smell. As she recovered, Edith and Ethel left for a weeks-long trip to the Caribbean in February, giving her a chance to get away as Theodore again became active politically. 7603: 827: 932:

trips, during which she was in constant worry until his return. Edith feared that he would not do well under the confinement he would experience as president, and she worried that he was too young to be president. She received some relief at the beginning of her tenure when she spoke to former president Cleveland about Theodore as president, to which he simply responded "don't worry, he is all right".

895:, watched the inaugural parade, and returned to Sagamore Hill. Theodore joined the rest of the family soon after, as the vice president was not needed until the next Congressional session later in the year. Edith felt that the job's limited duties made it a poor fit for her perennially active husband. Nonetheless, she was glad to have more time with him. Over the following months, they attended the 1306:, to exert her own influence on the White House. Edith and Helen had developed a rivalry over the years, both distrusting each other and the other's husband. This contributed to a similar animosity between Theodore and William in the following years. The tone of the White House became melancholy when the 1909 social season began as the Roosevelts' presence there was nearing its end. The incoming 1448:. She joined Archibald on a trip to Europe in January 1922, where they visited Paris, Berlin, and then London, taking her first airplane trip to the latter. From Europe, she traveled on her own to South Africa. Edith hosted a party for Theodore's friends in 1922 in which they visited his grave and shared their memories of him, which became a yearly tradition. After hearing that her grandson 1135:, Edith tracked down much of the china used by previous administrations. At the end of her tenure, she had all of the damaged pieces destroyed, feeling that selling or gifting them would degrade the collection. She also organized the creation of a portrait gallery that featured official portraits of the first ladies. Since then, every first lady has had an official portrait created. 1540:, which had been built for her great-grandfather, Daniel Tyler III. Around this time, Edith confessed to her daughter that after leading a happy life, she had only been happy twice since Theodore's death—both times in a dream. She took multiple trips to Mortlake Manor each year from then on, including an annual pilgrimage on July 4. Edith was not significantly affected by the 997:. She nonetheless lost five pounds from stress as the election neared. Edith was disappointed when, in the jubilation of his victory, Theodore announced that he would not run for election again. She knew he would come to regret the announcement, and she later said that she would have done anything in her power to prevent it if she had known what he was going to say. 720:, on August 13, 1891. With a growing family and both their New York and Washington homes to maintain, the Roosevelts struggled financially. Edith was in charge of all the family's finances, keeping meticulous records and allotting $ 20 per day to her husband (equivalent to $ 678 in 2023). The increasingly erratic behavior of Theodore's alcoholic brother 1563:, and began campaigning for him. To demonstrate her support, she took an airplane to the White House, visiting it for the first time since she was first lady. She did not recognize the interior, as it had been thoroughly refurnished, and she considered the whole experience "hateful". Franklin went on to win the election. Theodore III had been appointed 1017:. Theodore left for another trip across the United States in fall 1907, and she again grew anxious for his return, looking forward to each letter he sent. In the final ten months of her tenure as first lady, a series of attacks on unaccompanied women in Washington led Theodore to appoint a bodyguard for Edith's walks. He chose 1400:, Edith encouraged her sons to fight. She took up typing to distract herself when they left for war, but this effort was short-lived. On July 17, 1918, Edith learned that Quentin's plane had been shot down and that he had been killed. To escape the reminders of Quentin at Sagamore Hill, Edith, Theodore, and Quentin's fiancée 565:, afterward commenting that it would be unlikely that she should ever visit it again. After graduating from Miss Comstock's School in 1879, she participated in New York's social life, attending balls and making social calls. She was unable to travel, as she had to stay home tending for her parents, who had both fallen ill. 1187:, from returning to the senate. This was in part because of political alliances, but Edith had a negative opinion of him for neglecting Frances that may have also played a role. The Roosevelts were successful in keeping Edward from being elected, but he never reunited with Frances. The Roosevelts later got Frances's son, 549:, over their mutual love of literature. The Carows moved uptown in 1871, where Edith attended Miss Comstock's School. Here she developed a lifelong sense of strict religious morality. She also learned to speak fluent French and took a more active interest in English literature, with a particular focus on the works of 1604:

longer capable of managing her own finances and mail. Kermit's alcoholism became more severe in 1941, and he fatally shot himself on June 4, 1943. Edith had adored Kermit especially among her children, and no one told her that his death was a suicide. Theodore III died from a heart attack during World War II.

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associations with the scandal. Archibald Butt described this incident as the only time he ever saw her angry. Two years later, President Taft bought a new couch and had the original sent to her. As their time in the White House came to a close, Theodore grew excited about the prospect of a year-long African

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press, feeling that it was intrusive. She leveraged her influence to control when and how they reported on the Roosevelts, and had professional photographs taken of the family so the press would not need to take their own. Edith also controlled Washington social life, organizing weekly meetings of the

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Historians credit Edith for developing the first lady's office as its own institution. The historian Catherine Forslund described Edith as the "first truly modern occupant of her post", citing her involvement in the White House renovations and her hiring of a secretary. The historian Stacy A. Cordery

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Theodore's health declined in 1918, and he was hospitalized on November 11. Edith stayed by him each day until his death on January 6, 1919. As was tradition for the widow, she stayed inside while the funeral took place two days later. Edith considered herself to have died with Theodore—something she

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After leaving the White House in 1909, Edith returned to Sagamore Hill while Theodore and Kermit went on a safari. Her children had all moved out except for Ethel, who had just reached adulthood. The solitude became too much for Edith after a few months, so she took Ethel, Quentin, and Archibald on a

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Edith donated handkerchiefs and other items to be auctioned for charity during the first two years of her tenure, establishing a "handkerchief bureau" to facilitate the donations. She stopped after the handkerchiefs were scrutinized and criticized, which caused her a great deal of emotional distress.

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later wrote that Edith seemed to regret that her role as first lady prevented her from being more active in the children's play. She hoped for another child, but her two pregnancies in 1902 and 1903 both resulted in miscarriages. For two months beginning in April 1903, Theodore ventured off on a trip

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to run concurrently with cabinet meetings. Here they planned and budgeted White House entertainment, and they made sure the wives' entertainment did not overshadow that of the White House. Here Edith also governed who was allowed on guest lists, excluding anyone that did not meet her moral standards,

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Edith's mornings as first lady often entailed answering her mail, reading the newspaper, shopping, and studying French. In the evenings, she spent time with her children and went horseback riding with her husband. Despite the tribulations of White House life, Edith and Theodore adored one another and

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on botanical trips. Edith was more cautious about public life as her husband became one of the most prominent figures in American politics. Her receptions and public activity were the subject of national press coverage, though it was generally positive. Edith's primary focus when entertaining was the

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and traveled to Italy to join her, staying until August. Theodore and Kermit went on another expedition later that year, this time to South America. Edith accompanied them in the beginning, returning home as they began the second stage of the trip charting unexplored areas in Brazil. Theodore's trek

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At the reception for Theodore's inauguration as governor, Edith held a bouquet in each hand so she would not have to shake hands with the thousands of visitors—a technique that she used throughout her husband's political career. Her children were older by this point, and their time in school or with

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was touring the United States, and he engaged in what Edith considered to be vulgar behavior. She refused to recognize him socially, leaving to have lunch with relatives before he arrived to meet Theodore. Her rejection of the duke was praised by the press and by members of the Russian aristocracy.

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Edith dreaded the idea of Theodore being president, fearing both for his safety and for her children who would receive national attention. Only after leaving the White House did she realize how severely these anxieties affected her. Especially stressful were Theodore's absences on tours and hunting

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in 1895, and the Roosevelts again made New York their primary residence. Edith was reluctant to leave Washington and her social circle in the city, but the move also came with an increased salary for Theodore. Edith's mother died in April of the same year, and Edith's sister Emily came to live with

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Sagamore Hill had a staff of approximately 12 servants, and Edith found herself managing the entire staff and estate by herself. Each morning, Edith tended to the household chores while Theodore worked on his writing, and then the two went walking or rowing in the afternoons. She was content with a

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both died in February 1884, so he moved west to distance himself from his life in New York. Edith did not see him for the following year. He avoided her intentionally, worrying that he would be betraying Alice if he developed feelings for Edith. When Theodore returned to New York in September 1885,

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Edith was bedridden in early 1947, where she stayed for the remainder of her life. She died at the age of 87 on September 30, 1948, a day after she fell into a coma. She was buried next to her husband. Edith wished for a simple funeral, and by the time of her death she had recorded every detail of

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in early 1939, she received news that her sister was dying in Italy. The two had been almost estranged by that point, and Edith spent the rest of her life guilt-ridden, feeling that she had abandoned her sister. As she neared 80 years old in 1941, Edith felt greatly ashamed as she found herself no

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Among Edith's greatest concerns with becoming first lady was the effect it would have on her privacy. This was something she valued, and she considered the press to be her greatest annoyance while living in the White House. She exerted her influence over journalists: for example, when she wore the

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in 1905, she was in contact with Cecil Spring Rice, who at this point was a diplomat at the British embassy in Russia. It would have been untoward for Spring Rice and Theodore to communicate directly given their respective positions, but Spring Rice wrote to Edith and his letters included valuable

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to ignore his request. She also had two Secret Service agents stationed at Pine Knot each night without telling Theodore. Edith had little interest in the political affairs of the Republican Party and its members, but she took an interest in certain political issues and gave her evaluations of the

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Edith did not need the pension provided to first ladies, but she worried about embarrassing the other former first ladies by refusing it. She instead used the funds to support others, including former members of Theodore's Rough Riders. To maintain some control over Theodore's legacy, Edith also

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The exact nature of Edith's influence over Theodore's presidency is unknown, but they frequently spoke about politics and he often took her advice. She kept her husband informed of news stories that she deemed important and worked as an intermediary to get information for him. Edith resented the

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pointed to her use of racist language and the fact that she allowed racist songs to be performed at the White House to suggest strong anti-black views. Black people were specifically disallowed from her receptions, as was anyone of a lower social class. Gould presented a negative image of Edith

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Historians have little information about Edith's own state of mind while studying her life, as she avoided public comment and did not preserve her letters. She worried that her letters might some day be published, and she sometimes requested that recipients destroy them after reading. Surviving

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While taking inventory of her belongings, Edith caused controversy because she intended to keep a $ 40 couch (equivalent to $ 1,356 in 2023) that had been purchased during White House renovations. After the backlash, she decided to leave it behind, saying that it was now tainted by negative

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Edith disliked the White House upon moving in, saying that it was "like living over the store". The building had become cramped with more employees as the scope of federal politics changed over the 19th century, and demand for workspace restricted the residential areas. Renovations began on the

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The nation was in mourning when the Roosevelts entered the White House, so the first lady's traditional role of hosting social events was postponed for 30 days. As Washington became active, Edith increased the amount of social events held by the White House each season, including dinners, teas,

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Edith did not share her political opinions publicly, but she often discussed them with her husband—a fact that was generally known by the public. Since Theodore did not read the newspapers, Edith read four each day and brought clippings to him if she thought they warranted his attention. It is

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and Fischer's antique shop. She looked back fondly on these years later in life. She attended several receptions at the White House in 1890 with her husband, and was now received as a guest rather than a tourist. She retired to Sagamore Hill that summer at the end of the social season, and she

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The tone of the White House improved after Theodore's reelection, as the beginning of this term was a cause for celebration instead of the mourning that followed the assassination of President McKinley. This led up to Edith's most prominent social event as first lady, in which she hosted the

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in 1894, Edith implored him not to because she preferred life in Washington and because he would have a smaller salary as mayor. He regretted not running to the point of depression, and Edith made a promise not to give further input on his political career. The promise was not kept for long.

1046:. She found the egg roll distasteful, saying that it ruined the grass and lamenting the smell of rotting eggs as the event went on. Though "first lady" had already become a common term for the president's wife, she never used the title herself, instead signing her name as Mrs. Roosevelt. 791:. Edith wrote to him almost every day while he was away and stayed informed through the newspaper, which often covered his exploits with the Rough Riders as he became increasingly famous. The Rough Riders returned to the United States that August and were put under quarantine in 761:

the Roosevelts for several months. Theodore was rarely at home as he became heavily invested in his work. Edith eventually joined him in the city whenever he worked overnight, and after her period of mourning for her mother ended, she began attending cultural events in the city.

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quiet, domestic life, but she accepted that Theodore would often bring home company for her to entertain. To her displeasure, her husband was frequently away on trips west. She began suffering headaches that plagued her for the rest of her life, sometimes leaving her bedridden.

584:. This caused Edith grief, but she held a dinner in the couple's honor and attended their wedding. She maintained a close relationship with the Roosevelts over the following years, though she was cold toward Alice. Edith's father died from alcohol-related illness in 1883. 964:

In tandem with her responsibilities as first lady, Edith continued acting as the caregiver for her children. She tended to her children and her husband whenever they fell ill or were injured, which happened many times throughout her tenure. Quentin's childhood friend

624:, on December 2, 1886. They spent their honeymoon in Europe over the winter, going to France and then visiting Edith's family at their new home in Italy before returning to England. The Roosevelts returned to New York in March 1887. They stayed with Theodore's sister 1310:, though generally well-liked, lacked the energetic reputation of the Roosevelts. Helen Taft had already begun planning the changes she would make in the staff. Edith had bonded with these people over the years and became emotional when discussing Taft's intentions. 437:. Theodore was elected Vice President in March 1901, and she became second lady of the United States for six months, and then became first lady when the assassination of President William McKinley propelled Theodore to the presidency in September of that year. 1091:

Edith saw the construction of a feature long desired by past first ladies: separate living quarters secluded from the executive offices and public areas, allowing the family to live uninterrupted by visitors. This separation came with the establishment of the

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Edith found comfort in the fact that the first lady did not have to make social calls, instead receiving them from others each afternoon. Being first lady came with new obligations that she disliked, including participation in large receiving lines and the

1668:. Many of Edith's relatives and associates wrote memoirs that include detailed descriptions of their interactions. She was given little scholarly attention in the decades after her death. The first full biography about her, and the largest in scope, was 1277:

wrote a critical article about the first lady's fashion consisting of "three hundred dollars a year", Edith cut it from the newspaper and placed it in her scrapbook. The first published caricature of a first lady depicted Edith during her husband's

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Edith took up travel in the years after leaving the White House, frequently touring Europe and Latin America. She was severely injured after being thrown off of her horse in 1911, permanently losing her sense of smell. Though she disliked Taft and

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Edith is often recognized for the wisdom, both scholarly and political, that she provided her husband throughout his career. She read extensively throughout her life, preferring British, French, and German writers of the 19th century, including

405:, Edith Carow began a romance with Theodore Roosevelt as a teenager and became a New York socialite. After a falling-out in young adulthood, they split up and did not rekindle their friendship until after Theodore was engaged to his first wife, 1318:. This frightened Edith, especially when he said that he did not fear death during the expedition. The Roosevelts learned of the sudden death of their nephew Stewart Robinson shortly before leaving, and they spent these final days in mourning. 977:

and after she returned to the White House. Worried about his safety the entire time, she was relieved when he returned. Besides her own children, Edith also made sure to dedicate time to her stepdaughter Alice, who felt neglected by Theodore.

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Edith grew comfortable with her life in Albany, as it brought financial security and her role as first lady allowed her to spend more time with her husband. She pursued new hobbies in the city, joining the Friday Morning Club and accompanying

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was dangerous and nearly fatal, leaving Edith worried until his return in May 1914. Her health declined that year, preventing her from attending Kermit's wedding. In April 1915, Edith underwent what was described as "a necessary operation".

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policies, insisting that they were nothing like Theodore's progressive platform. She maintained good relations with her niece-in-law Eleanor after the latter became first lady, and she generally approved of Eleanor's public activities.

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wished to destroy it, and Edith protested. They settled on relocating it, an agreement that McKim dubbed the "Treaty of Oyster Bay". She also objected to McKim's proposed design for her writing desk, calling it "ugly and inconvenient".

814:. She did not join him on the campaign, out of both her need to support the children and her desire to avoid public attention. She instead took charge of the mail that he received. Theodore went on to win the election, making Edith the 572:, but they had a falling-out in August 1878. The details surrounding this stage of their relationship are not known. Various reasons have been proposed by the families and by historians for their split, including a rejected proposal, 1685:

said that the White House renovations organized by Edith were one of her "most important legacies", and that her hiring of a secretary was "a significant innovation crucial to the creation of the modern institution of first ladies".

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In May 1905, Edith set off to create a presidential retreat to which the family could escape. Their home at Sagamore Hill was frequently visited by reporters, politicians, and those seeking favors of the president. She went to the

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same dress on multiple occasions, she convinced the reporters to describe it differently each time. To control media coverage of her family, she had photographs taken of herself and her children that were then given to the press.

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how to organize it. Her instructions were: "Simplest coffin possible. If the church has no pall, cover with one of my crepe shawls. Nothing on coffin but bunch of pink and blue flowers from my children. Processional Hymn No. 85 '

1559:, Edith was frustrated by well-wishers who congratulated her, believing Franklin to be her son. Over 300 letters celebrating Franklin's nomination arrived at Sagamore Hill. She vocally proclaimed support for Franklin's opponent, 545:'s funeral procession. Edith and Corinne formed their own literature club as children, the "Party of Renowned Eligibles", in which Edith served as club secretary each week for three years. She also bonded with Corinne's brother, 501:. She lost two more of her sons in the 1940s and was bedridden for the last year of her life. Edith died on September 30, 1948. Historians have consistently ranked her in the upper half of first ladies in periodic polling by the 1257:

It became common practice for well-off women to hire a secretary in the 1890s, but no first lady had ever done this. A few weeks into her tenure, Edith hired Belle Hagner as a social secretary, creating the first formalized

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During her time in Washington, Edith took on more serious hosting responsibilities as the wife of a political figure, and she befriended several of the city's major figures, developing a particularly close friendship with

636:. Edith promptly had her own family's furniture brought in to replace the furniture from Theodore's previous marriage. This was to be the Roosevelts' home for the rest of their lives. Edith decided that her stepdaughter 1262:. Hagner was responsible for answering Edith's mail, managing her schedule, overseeing guest lists, and communicating information about the first lady's activities to the press. In Theodore's second term, Congressman 662:

Managing the family became a large responsibility, in part because she considered her husband to be one of the children for his involvement in their trouble-making, and she frequently hosted their family friend

787:. Though she was apprehensive about Theodore's desire to join the fighting, she defended his decision against critics. She traveled to Florida on June 1, 1898, to see Theodore off as he left to fight with the 429:. The Roosevelts moved back and forth between New York and Washington as Theodore's political career progressed over the following years. Edith became a public figure when her husband became a war hero in the 1100:. Aware that extravagant spending could provoke controversy, she reduced costs wherever possible, having older furniture brought in rather than purchasing newer items. The largest change was in the 541:

was Edith's closest childhood friend, and Edith was often brought along with the Roosevelt children in their family activities. At age four, she stood with the Roosevelts on their balcony to watch

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was to live with them and was to refer to Edith as her mother. Separating Alice from her aunt, who had previously been caring for her, began a lifelong enmity between Edith and her stepdaughter.

1501:) and his wife Eleanor Roosevelt (Theodore's niece) lambasted Theodore III as they campaigned for his opponent, brewing resentment from Edith. That same year, Edith co-wrote a travelogue titled 1208:

She also made anonymous donations from her personal funds to those in need, so long as she could first confirm the facts to ensure she was not "'carrying' people when they should 'learn to walk

1079:, Edith returned to Sagamore Hill with the children. From here, she stayed updated on the renovations and prevented the implementation of any ideas she disliked. The work was carried out by 1021:, the new White House military aide. Butt accompanied Edith on her walks and shopping trips, and she felt herself able to speak freely to him in a way that she did not with most people. 5765: 1693:

overall, portraying her as having an "acidic personality" and casting doubt on her success as a mother. Deborah Davis contradicted Gould's account and said that Edith was an admirer of

530:. For much of her childhood, the family was forced to move in with various relatives. She was unhappy with her childhood, and she rarely spoke of her parents throughout her adult life. 1463:

Edith and Kermit went on another trip in December 1923, going to California and then Hawaii before arriving in Japan the following January. The region had just been devastated by the

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wives, and became the gatekeeper of who could attend formal events. She made charitable donations throughout her tenure as first lady, and invited various musical artists to the

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to court, alleging that the companies had caused damage to the building during rail construction. The trial went on until it was decided in the Carow sisters' favor in 1890.

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and Gertrude Elizabeth Tyler. Though her family was wealthy, her father was an unsuccessful businessman as well as a chronic gambler and an alcoholic, while her mother was a

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With her life having settled and her children all grown, Edith found herself wishing for a grandchild. This wish came true on August 6, 1911, when Theodore III and his wife

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Edith sponsored a variety of classical instrumentalists and singers, giving them a venue to perform at the White House. She enjoyed classical music, including the work of

910:. Edith correctly speculated that the perpetrator was an anarchist. McKinley died on September 14, 1901. Only six months into his term as vice president, Theodore became 1520:. That year, she began featuring the poet Elbert Newton as a guest of honor in a poetry reading group that she hosted. The following year, Edith took a ferry across the 1592:. She had not seen the house before renting it and discovered that it was a cockroach-infested house in a poor neighborhood, cast under shadow by moss-dripping trees. 1212:". Edith frequently did needlework for charity, participating in the St. Hilda Sewing Circle with Oyster Bay's Christ Episcopal Church. She voiced her support for the 1624:. Service as in Prayer Book. Do not take off my wedding ring and please no embalming." Her chosen epitaph read, "Everything she did was for the happiness of others." 7703: 1656:. Theodore once confessed his belief that she looked down on his literary knowledge, and he acknowledged that he was worse off whenever he did not take her advice. 5825: 748: 580:, or clashing personalities between their strong tempers. They rekindled their friendship in December 1879. By this time, Theodore was engaged to his first wife, 7663: 7005: 6180: 1361:, asserting that he would "never be president again". When her attempts to discourage him failed, she assisted him in speech writing and accompanied him to the 6591: 1437: 7693: 6698: 5780: 1477: 1365:, though she did not campaign for him. Edith again feared for Theodore's safety as he resumed his political activity, and her fears were validated when he 6164: 1640:

Edith was widely popular as first lady, maintaining strong public approval until her tenure ended. She was compared positively against her predecessor,

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agreed to work with all of her husband's biographers, though she did not approve of all their work. She especially disliked the biography written by

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The White House became too hot in the summer, so the Roosevelts returned to Sagamore Hill each year. Edith was confident in Theodore's chances for

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men with whom the Roosevelts interacted. She agreed with Theodore's policies when he became adamant about progressive reforms in his second term.

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The Roosevelts were invited to dine at the White House for the first time on February 1, 1894, where Edith was seated directly next to President

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Fashion was not important to Edith, who often kept outfits over multiple seasons. She sometimes had adjustments made to keep them updated. When

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flower arrangements, while an aide addressed food, seating, and music. In March 1900, Edith and her sister vacationed in Cuba where she visited

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Edith and Theodore grew closer as teenagers, and they developed romantic feelings for one another. They stayed in contact when Theodore went to

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garden parties, and concerts. The 1902 social season saw approximately 40,000 people visit the White House, far more than any previous year.

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while Theodore was on a speaking tour. It was here that she received a telephone call from her husband informing her that President McKinley

1481:, which told the story of a mother who lost her son. She had a much lower opinion of China and the Soviet Union as she passed through them. 1194:

Edith often served as an intermediary for the Roosevelts' associates to get information to the president. During peace negotiations for the

7648: 7638: 6671: 6484: 6100: 6068: 5818: 651:, was born September 13, 1887. She hired her own childhood nanny, Mary Ledwith, to care for the children. Edith then underwent a period of 1111:

was expanded to seat over one hundred guests, Edith purchased more china for the White House. Unable to find American-made china, she had

7058: 6712: 1568: 1245:. She also supported the theater and allowed the performance of plays at the White House at a time when actors were seen as lower class. 7668: 6678: 5792: 537:. Edith's early schooling took place at the Roosevelt home, as well as the Dodsworth School where she received etiquette instruction. 7683: 7261: 6173: 5464: 5455: 776:, was born on November 9, 1897. She spent the following four months recovering from an abdominal abscess and the resulting surgery. 6979: 6896: 6889: 6882: 6297: 6157: 1556: 1429: 1389: 1358: 1299: 1050: 990: 864: 672: 490: 482: 470: 1471:, which was designed to withstand earthquakes, but Edith feared for her safety as the tremors continued. She was delighted by the 7285: 7161: 7154: 7051: 6836: 6231: 6089: 5811: 888: 6203: 1509:, detailing the history of Edith's ancestors in New England. The book was of interest to only a limited few and saw poor sales. 7028: 5028:

Forslund, Catherine (2016). "Edith Kermit Carow Roosevelt: The Victorian Modern First Lady". In Sibley, Katherine A. S. (ed.).

1267: 676: 422: 7678: 6475: 5259: 5105: 5060: 5039: 5018: 4997: 4973: 17: 7658: 7653: 7643: 6798: 6648: 6549: 1490: 1362: 1108: 5126: 6874: 6867: 6860: 6853: 6491: 6452: 6260: 6103: 5787: 1564: 1393: 1059: 872: 868: 497:. Edith took an interest in her ancestry in 1920s, writing a book on her ancestors and purchasing her ancestral home in 7556: 7079: 6928: 6914: 6415: 5314: 1076: 683:

His absences especially took a toll on her while she was pregnant, causing her further depression. Edith's second son,

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Edith strongly disliked the idea of Theodore returning to politics. She advised him not to run for president in the

457:. Edith's oversight of the 1902 White House renovations and her hiring the first social secretary for a first lady, 359: 7329: 7168: 7093: 7021: 6993: 6942: 6459: 6320: 6142: 6061: 5383: 1701: 1613: 1609: 1232: 985:

The Roosevelts in 1903 (left to right: Quentin, Theodore, Theodore III, Archibald, Alice, Kermit, Edith, and Ethel)

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building in 1902, and the Roosevelts found other places to live for six months. While Theodore moved to a home on

7228: 7105: 7012: 6753: 6577: 6570: 6563: 6514: 6371: 6122: 5760: 5415: 1552:, Edith went to stay there in January 1930 and again that December. She traveled to Jamaica the following March. 1397: 1152:

unknown to what extent or in what areas Edith had political influence over her husband. One government official,

1116: 915: 899:, went horseback riding with Edith's new horse Yagenka, and endured a variety of medical ailments in the family. 765: 493:. Her support for the latter was an effort to distance herself from Hoover's opponent, Theodore's distant cousin 387: 64: 705:

accompanied Theodore on his travels west. While initially hesitant, she came to share her husband's love of the

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Edith often dissuaded Theodore from ideas she disliked. When he asked for reduced security, she instructed the

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objected to Hagner's employment on government funds and raised a motion to dismiss her. The remainder of the

970:

to the west. Edith cared for the children on her own at this time, first when she was on a cruise aboard the

721: 254: 7312: 7349: 6972: 6845: 6438: 6392: 6252: 6245: 5515: 1172: 957: 442: 1704:

has periodically conducted surveys asking historians to assess American first ladies, where Edith ranked:

843:

after moving in so that it was a suitable home for her children, and she redecorated it with new artwork.

7606: 7218: 7037: 6528: 6521: 6329: 6290: 6054: 5361: 5320: 1649: 1270:

saw this as an affront against the first lady, and Hardwick was the lone voice in support of the motion.

1235:

when he visited the United States, which led to her appearance at a charity performance of Humperdinck's

1043: 936: 5326: 5029: 1183:

reunite with her ex-husband following a divorce. Theodore wished to keep her ex-husband, former senator

675:, finding the experience enjoyable. After Harrison's victory, he repaid Theodore with a position on the 7501: 5685: 5115: 1621: 1009:, where she purchased a cabin from a family friend. This cabin became Theodore's presidential retreat, 1006: 473:, which Wilson won. Her health declined in the 1910s, and she was devastated by the deaths of her son 7698: 7421: 7365: 7208: 7072: 6965: 6958: 6784: 6431: 6406: 5485: 1589: 1541: 1274: 1236: 784: 700:. She preferred Washington to New York, and after arriving, she made her first of many visits to the 637: 604: 410: 956:

maintained a strong relationship. Each Tuesday, Edith organized a meeting with the wives of all the

632:

house that Theodore had intended to live in with his first wife. The house was subsequently renamed

7477: 7445: 7303: 7086: 6733: 6611: 6357: 6210: 5880: 5803: 5441: 1351: 1347: 1334: 1180: 1143: 1083:. The earliest point of contention was the location of the White House conservatory; the architect 848: 780: 596: 588: 430: 265: 5305: 7295: 7188: 6777: 6664: 6632: 6584: 6281: 5950: 5925: 5865: 5645: 5530: 5398: 1549: 896: 857: 701: 561:

During the celebrations for the first centennial of the United States in 1876, Edith visited the

161: 1013:. The same year, Edith joined Theodore in a voyage to Panama to oversee the construction of the 376: 7517: 7469: 7413: 7373: 7198: 6625: 6505: 6313: 5930: 5890: 5575: 5535: 4959: 1585: 1157: 1080: 835:

a governess gave her a degree of freedom from her previous responsibilities. She renovated the

815: 811: 706: 648: 573: 395: 306: 576:'s disapproval of Charles Carow's alcoholism, a rumor that the Roosevelts were afflicted with 7389: 6760: 5127:"Siena College Research Institute/C-SPAN Study of the First Ladies of the United States 2014" 1537: 1494: 1468: 1457: 1242: 891:

in Washington on March 4, 1901. Edith and the children subsequently had lunch with President

806:, and their home became a place of public interest. When he began his campaign to be elected 717: 652: 498: 494: 316: 5095: 1440:. In January 1921, Edith traveled the Caribbean, including a voyage deep into the jungle of 7633: 7628: 7453: 7437: 7429: 7321: 6445: 6217: 6114: 5915: 5545: 5540: 5376: 1694: 1617: 1283: 1084: 1002: 971: 903: 807: 629: 519: 434: 237: 149: 1660:

letters and other papers are kept in various archival collections, including those of the

8: 7582: 7509: 7397: 7238: 7178: 6422: 6364: 6306: 5965: 5935: 5625: 5615: 5595: 5525: 5510: 5408: 5070: 1673: 1665: 1641: 1401: 1295: 772:. Edith once again delayed her move to Washington because of pregnancy. Her final child, 732: 550: 450: 409:. Edith became engaged to him shortly after Alice's death, and she took in his daughter, 321: 97: 6792:"Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual" (1912 post-assassination-attempt speech) 1029: 7525: 7147: 6770: 6385: 6077: 5895: 5640: 5249: 5074: 5050: 4987: 1505:

with Kermit and his family. In 1925, Edith and Kermit published another book together,

1405: 1263: 1195: 1063: 581: 569: 546: 406: 383: 277: 85: 5270: 5216: 5007:

Cordery, Stacy A. (1996). "Edith Kermit (Carow) Roosevelt". In Gould, Lewis L. (ed.).

1567:

under the Hoover administration, and Edith traveled to visit him there shortly before

1528:

on the border between Argentina and Brazil. By this time, Edith was beginning to have

1396:

declined, the Roosevelts canceled them in anticipation of war. When the United States

1373:

while campaigning. Theodore lost the election, and Edith loathed the eventual winner,

981: 7540: 7405: 6726: 6542: 6535: 6399: 5995: 5975: 5910: 5690: 5670: 5635: 5620: 5610: 5605: 5590: 5570: 5475: 5425: 5276: 5255: 5238: 5203: 5193: 5101: 5080: 5056: 5035: 5014: 4993: 4983: 4969: 4963: 1449: 1433: 1330:

A 1912 cartoon of Edith restricting the public's access to Theodore after he was shot

1303: 1184: 1124: 1120: 1010: 792: 773: 736: 668: 664: 538: 478: 474: 454: 326: 109: 5433: 1632: 1599:, though she found the journey much more difficult in her old age. While she was in 1467:, and tremors were still frequently occurring. They stayed at the newly-constructed 687:, was born on October 10, 1889. She joined her husband in Washington that December. 679:. Edith was pregnant again, and she stayed at Sagamore Hill while Theodore moved to 7573: 7533: 7381: 7340: 6641: 5875: 5680: 5665: 5655: 5555: 5495: 5300: 5227: 5187: 1545: 1422: 1179:

Shortly after becoming first lady, Edith put her efforts toward helping her friend

1161: 892: 840: 769: 728: 684: 680: 534: 418: 402: 311: 5008: 477:

in 1918 and then her husband in 1919. She remained politically active, supporting

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Alice & Edith: A Biographical Novel of the Two Wives of Theodore Roosevelt

7622: 7592: 6719: 6705: 5870: 5845: 5742: 5520: 5480: 1555:

When Franklin D. Roosevelt was nominated as the Democratic candidate for the

1188: 853: 633: 527: 523: 414: 342: 5207: 7277: 7269: 6618: 6238: 6020: 6005: 6000: 5885: 5715: 5710: 5650: 5565: 5500: 1529: 1525: 1517: 1498: 1381: 1370: 1128: 1014: 788: 667:. In October 1888, Edith joined Theodore in traveling west to campaign for 458: 425:, where Edith established a social network of prominent figures, including 4965:

First Ladies: The Saga of the Presidents' Wives and Their Power, 1789–1961

947: 764:

The Roosevelts returned to Washington in 1897 when Theodore was appointed

6378: 6350: 6188: 6035: 6030: 6015: 5960: 5955: 5905: 5675: 5580: 5560: 1653: 1307: 710: 697: 656: 562: 446: 426: 1507:

American Backlogs: The Story of Gertrude Tyler and Her Family, 1660–1860

382:; August 6, 1861 – September 30, 1948) was the second wife of President 7140: 6343: 6025: 5990: 5985: 5945: 5747: 5732: 5700: 449:

to promote their work. She disapproved of Theodore's chosen successor,

4146: 3213: 1513: 735:, on April 9, 1894. When Theodore considered running a campaign to be 6556: 6046: 5970: 5850: 5695: 5173:

Boera, A. Richard, ed. (1986). "The Edith Kermit Roosevelt Diaries".

4209: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4201: 4199: 4197: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3131: 3129: 3127: 2395: 2393: 1101: 1097: 1093: 796: 5833: 5251:

The Lion's Pride: Theodore Roosevelt and His Family in Peace and War

2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2385: 2383: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 2974: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1596: 1572: 1112: 803: 577: 469:, Edith discouraged Theodore from his campaign against them in the 4807: 4194: 3927: 3124: 1115:

china imported to the United States where it was painted with the

826: 724:

became the family's primary focus until his sudden death in 1894.

2874: 2370: 2121: 1996: 453:, and there was a mutual animosity between Edith and Taft's wife 1731: 1453: 1436:. She made appeals to women specifically, as they had just been 1294:

Edith was skeptical when Theodore selected the secretary of war

5309: 5163: 4902: 4900: 4440: 4438: 1315: 3504: 3502: 3500: 1460:. This inspired her to research her ancestry more thoroughly. 1380:

In June 1913, Edith learned that her sister was to undergo an

620:

Edith and Theodore traveled to London, where they were wed at

1600: 1160:, to the Civil Service Commission. She sometimes worked with 902:

In August 1901, Edith took her children on a vacation to the

461:, are described by historians as her most enduring legacies. 4897: 4435: 595:

Edith and her sister inherited an interest in a building on

417:, and Edith had five children with Theodore. They stayed in 4851: 4849: 4758: 4756: 4754: 4314: 4312: 4310: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4049: 4047: 4020: 3553: 3497: 3392: 3312: 3310: 3308: 2986: 2453: 1484: 1377:, whom she considered a "vile and hypocritical charlatan". 413:, as a stepdaughter. The family moved into their new home, 4836: 4834: 4768: 4722: 4698: 4686: 4674: 4650: 4638: 4568: 4566: 4564: 4525: 4423: 4411: 4399: 4363: 4339: 4264: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4071: 4032: 3996: 3948: 3917: 3915: 3900: 3888: 3876: 3756: 3594: 3470: 3433: 3431: 3281: 3259: 3257: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3165: 3153: 3085: 3073: 3063: 3061: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2441: 2360: 2358: 2356: 2293: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2057: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1928: 4741: 4739: 4737: 4467: 4465: 4122: 4112: 4110: 4059: 4008: 3828: 3618: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3448: 3446: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3102: 3100: 3022: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2904: 2902: 2850: 2766: 2742: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2641: 2569: 2516: 2480: 2470: 2468: 2305: 2281: 2269: 2257: 2245: 2233: 2209: 2187: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2154: 1945: 1943: 1882: 1880: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1848: 1472: 1049:

While the Roosevelts were staying in Oyster Bay in 1902,

4846: 4751: 4329: 4327: 4307: 4288: 4276: 4044: 3804: 3780: 3458: 3305: 3189: 3141: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1191:, a prominent position as a New York district attorney. 533:

The Carows were close friends with their neighbors, the

4912: 4885: 4831: 4797: 4795: 4780: 4561: 4243: 4083: 3960: 3912: 3816: 3746: 3744: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3671: 3669: 3642: 3630: 3606: 3582: 3529: 3519: 3517: 3487: 3485: 3428: 3382: 3380: 3353: 3341: 3269: 3254: 3225: 3058: 2665: 2545: 2353: 2054: 1955: 1904: 1302:. This was complicated by the attempts of Taft's wife, 5052:

Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Creating the Modern First Lady

4989:

First Ladies: From Martha Washington to Michelle Obama

4734: 4710: 4662: 4626: 4614: 4602: 4578: 4549: 4537: 4513: 4501: 4489: 4477: 4462: 4450: 4387: 4375: 4351: 4231: 4219: 4182: 4170: 4158: 4134: 4107: 4095: 3984: 3972: 3864: 3852: 3792: 3654: 3565: 3443: 3416: 3404: 3365: 3322: 3293: 3242: 3112: 3097: 3010: 2962: 2933: 2899: 2862: 2802: 2725: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2465: 2417: 2317: 2178: 2073: 2032: 2030: 1940: 1877: 1860: 1123:

collection that had been started by former first lady

628:

for the next two months, then moved into Leeholm, the

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Edith's first duty in her new role was to attend the

4936: 4924: 4819: 4792: 3768: 3741: 3693: 3666: 3541: 3514: 3482: 3377: 3201: 3177: 1984: 1916: 1892: 1826: 1824: 1797: 5010:

American First Ladies: Their Lives and Their Legacy

3046: 2826: 2814: 2696: 2617: 2528: 2492: 2221: 2197: 2027: 1836: 1809: 1785: 1773: 882: 5093: 4813: 4213: 4152: 3942: 3219: 3135: 2893: 2399: 2136: 2009: 1972: 1748: 921: 556: 518:Edith Kermit Carow was born on August 6, 1861, in 5100:(3rd ed.). Facts on File. pp. 162–171. 1821: 1688:Historians disagree about Edith's views on race. 27:First Lady of the United States from 1901 to 1909 7704:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 7620: 5835:Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States 5158:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 5076:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 1670:Edith Kermit Roosevelt: Portrait of a First Lady 5094:Schneider, Dorothy; Schneider, Carl J. (2010). 1202: 993:, as she had a low estimation of his opponent, 7664:First ladies and gentlemen of New York (state) 1298:as his successor to run as a candidate in the 1033:Edith Roosevelt and her daughter Ethel in 1904 6929:Theodore Roosevelt Center and Digital Library 6062: 5819: 5449: 1612:.' Not slow tempo. Recessional Hymn No. 226 ' 1248: 522:. She was the first of two daughters born to 7694:People from the Flatiron District, Manhattan 1432:approached, Edith campaigned for Republican 1220:on women's hats in 1905, and she joined the 867:approached, Theodore considered running for 179:January 1, 1899 – December 31, 1900 7059:Theodore Roosevelt United States Courthouse 5034:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 265–282. 1425:for its portrayal of Theodore as immature. 1119:. She then ensured the continuation of the 951:Edith Roosevelt and her son Quentin in 1902 129:March 4, 1901 – September 14, 1901 77:September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1909 6069: 6055: 5826: 5812: 5456: 5442: 1516:, Mexico, in early 1926 where she visited 1321: 1231:. Edith hosted the famous German composer 1069: 961:particularly those suspected of adultery. 783:, Edith supported American efforts to end 390:from 1901 to 1909. She was previously the 42: 6785:"Citizenship in a Republic" (1910 speech) 1062:of her stepdaughter Alice to Congressman 889:Theodore's inauguration as vice president 821: 6672:Smithsonian–Roosevelt African expedition 5027: 5013:. Garland Publishing. pp. 294–320. 4906: 4855: 4762: 4444: 4318: 4301: 4282: 4053: 3810: 3464: 3316: 3195: 3147: 3067: 2678: 2551: 2459: 2364: 2067: 1966: 1910: 1679: 1631: 1595:Edith spent the early months of 1938 in 1485:Further travel and political involvement 1390:United States involvement in World War I 1333: 1325: 1216:'s efforts to end the use of decorative 1142: 1051:Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovich of Russia 1028: 980: 946: 825: 810:, Edith worried he would be targeted by 747: 7689:People from Oyster Bay (town), New York 7674:Family of Jonathan Edwards (theologian) 5156:Presentation by Sylvia Jukes Morris on 5125: 5114: 5097:First Ladies: A Biographical Dictionary 5006: 4958: 4942: 4930: 4918: 4891: 4840: 4572: 4258: 4089: 4026: 3966: 3921: 3822: 3636: 3588: 3559: 3508: 3437: 3398: 3263: 3236: 2944: 2908: 2868: 2736: 2474: 2447: 2423: 2323: 2299: 2191: 1949: 1934: 1886: 1871: 1854: 1767: 1579: 1475:drama performed in Japan, particularly 1452:had died in late 1922, she traveled to 743: 599:in New York, and in 1886 they took the 292: 1886; died 1919) 14: 7621: 6881:United States presidential elections: 6076: 5175:Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal 5069: 4982: 4774: 4745: 4728: 4716: 4704: 4692: 4680: 4668: 4656: 4644: 4632: 4620: 4608: 4596: 4584: 4555: 4543: 4531: 4519: 4507: 4495: 4483: 4471: 4456: 4429: 4417: 4405: 4393: 4381: 4369: 4357: 4345: 4270: 4237: 4225: 4188: 4176: 4164: 4140: 4116: 4101: 4077: 4038: 4002: 3990: 3978: 3954: 3906: 3894: 3882: 3870: 3858: 3798: 3762: 3660: 3600: 3576: 3476: 3452: 3422: 3410: 3371: 3335: 3299: 3287: 3248: 3171: 3159: 3118: 3106: 3091: 3079: 3040: 3028: 3004: 2980: 2956: 2927: 2856: 2844: 2796: 2784: 2772: 2760: 2748: 2719: 2690: 2659: 2647: 2635: 2611: 2599: 2587: 2575: 2563: 2522: 2510: 2486: 2435: 2411: 2347: 2335: 2311: 2287: 2275: 2263: 2251: 2239: 2215: 2172: 2160: 2148: 2115: 2103: 2091: 2048: 2021: 1922: 1898: 1842: 1815: 1803: 1791: 1779: 1584:Edith's heart condition, diagnosed as 1268:United States House of Representatives 1138: 1024: 926: 610: 7148:"Speak softly, and carry a big stick" 6679:"River of Doubt" Amazonian expedition 6050: 5807: 5437: 5218:The Roosevelt Family of Sagamore Hill 5048: 4879: 4867: 4825: 4801: 4786: 4333: 4128: 4065: 4014: 3846: 3834: 3786: 3774: 3750: 3735: 3723: 3711: 3699: 3687: 3675: 3648: 3624: 3612: 3547: 3535: 3523: 3491: 3386: 3359: 3347: 3275: 3207: 3183: 3052: 3016: 2992: 2968: 2832: 2820: 2808: 2707: 2623: 2539: 2498: 2227: 2203: 2079: 2036: 1990: 1978: 1830: 1168:, to convince Theodore of her ideas. 942: 7045:Roosevelt Memorial, Portland, Oregon 6800:Theodore Roosevelt: An Autobiography 5321:Memoirs of Isabella Hagner 1901-1905 1491:1924 New York gubernatorial election 1489:Theodore III was a candidate in the 1363:1912 Progressive National Convention 7649:20th-century American Episcopalians 7639:19th-century American Episcopalians 6291:Northern Securities Company breakup 6104:Vice President of the United States 5315:First Ladies: Influence & Image 5226:Longworth, Alice Roosevelt (1933). 1565:Governor-General of the Philippines 1548:. After Theodore III was appointed 873:1900 Republican National Convention 869:Vice President of the United States 690: 24: 7080:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge 6771:"The Strenuous Life" (1899 speech) 5137: 5132:. Sienna Research Institute. 2014. 5079:. Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. 1127:. Along with her social secretary 601:New York Elevated Railroad Company 25: 7715: 7669:First ladies of the United States 6261:United States Reclamation Service 6131:New York City Police Commissioner 5465:First ladies of the United States 5297:Works by or about Edith Roosevelt 5290: 5121:. Siena Research Institute. 2008. 1404:spent a month at Ethel's home in 1388:As Theodore led the movement for 758:New York City Police Commissioner 673:that year's presidential election 7684:People from Norwich, Connecticut 7602: 7601: 7330:Barnes vs. Roosevelt libel trial 7170:Terrible Teddy, the Grizzly King 7022:Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park 6994:Mount Rushmore Anniversary coins 6943:Theodore Roosevelt National Park 6852:Republican National Convention: 6699:Birthplace, boyhood home replica 6564:State of the Union Address, 1901 6499:Department of Commerce and Labor 5384:Second Lady of the United States 5150: 5116:"Ranking America's First Ladies" 4992:. Oxford University Press, USA. 1702:Siena College Research Institute 914:, and Edith became the nation's 883:Second lady of the United States 858:her husband's most famous battle 837:New York State Executive Mansion 716:Edith gave birth to a daughter, 615: 503:Siena College Research Institute 392:second lady of the United States 358: 117:Second Lady of the United States 6754:Theodore Roosevelt bibliography 6372:Federal Employers Liability Act 6268:National Wildlife Refuge System 6123:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 5761:First Lady of the United States 5416:First Lady of the United States 5269:Wilson, Dorothy Clarke (1989). 5192:. New York, N.Y.: Basic Books. 1260:staff office for the first lady 922:First lady of the United States 768:by the newly-elected president 766:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 587:Theodore's wife and his mother 557:Adolescence and young adulthood 388:first lady of the United States 289: 65:First Lady of the United States 6987:Theodore Roosevelt Association 6642:"Bull Moose" Progressive Party 6592:Federal judiciary appointments 6239:Devils Tower National Monument 6093:President of the United States 5055:. University Press of Kansas. 4968:. William Morrow and Company. 4814:Schneider & Schneider 2010 4214:Schneider & Schneider 2010 4153:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3943:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3220:Schneider & Schneider 2010 3136:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2894:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2400:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2137:Schneider & Schneider 2010 2010:Schneider & Schneider 2010 1749:Schneider & Schneider 2010 912:president of the United States 13: 1: 7422:Cornelius V. S. Roosevelt III 7052:Proposed presidential library 6950:Theodore Roosevelt Wilderness 6819:Theodore Roosevelt Cyclopedia 6706:Sagamore Hill Home and Museum 6460:Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 5327:Theodore Roosevelt collection 4952: 2983:, pp. 240, 243–245, 320. 508: 49: 7679:New York (state) Republicans 6973:Roosevelt Park (San Antonio) 6846:1898 New York state election 6321:Food and Drug Administration 6253:United States Forest Service 6246:Muir Woods National Monument 5229:Crowded Hours: Reminiscences 1411: 1289: 1222:New York Assembly of Mothers 1203:Charitable work and the arts 513: 7: 7659:Burials in New York (state) 7654:20th-century American women 7644:19th-century American women 7038:Theodore Roosevelt Monument 6522:Inland Waterways Commission 6197:Booker T. Washington dinner 5254:. Oxford University Press. 5186:Caroli, Betty Boyd (1998). 5031:A Companion to First Ladies 1650:William Makepeace Thackeray 1571:. Edith opposed Franklin's 1444:with a party of six to see 1044:White House Easter Egg Roll 937:funeral of William McKinley 875:and was chosen to join the 622:St George's, Hanover Square 10: 7720: 6936:White House Roosevelt Room 5232:. Charles Scribner's Sons. 5215:Hagedorn, Hermann (1954). 1557:1932 presidential election 1430:1920 presidential election 1300:1908 presidential election 1249:Press and public relations 1199:information for Theodore. 1007:Albemarle County, Virginia 865:1900 presidential election 471:1912 presidential election 7567: 7534:Robert Barnhill Roosevelt 7494:Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt 7339: 7253: 7130: 7073:Theodore Roosevelt Bridge 6966:Roosevelt National Forest 6959:Theodore Roosevelt Island 6906: 6835: 6743: 6688: 6601: 6485:College football meetings 6141: 6084: 5841: 5756: 5486:Martha Jefferson Randolph 5471: 5422: 5413: 5405: 5390: 5381: 5368: 5358: 5351: 5343: 5338: 5149: 5144: 1627: 1542:Wall Street Crash of 1929 1503:Cleared for Strange Ports 1438:granted the right to vote 1280:dinner at the White House 1275:Marion Graves Anthon Fish 731:. Edith had another son, 605:Manhattan Railway Company 401:Growing up alongside the 366: 354: 335: 299: 271: 261: 244: 220: 215: 211: 201: 191: 183: 172: 167: 155: 143: 133: 122: 115: 103: 91: 81: 70: 63: 59: 41: 34: 7478:Martha Bulloch Roosevelt 7446:Joseph Willard Roosevelt 7087:Theodore Roosevelt Award 6393:Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty 6211:Newlands Reclamation Act 5886:Ellen Vesta Emery Hamlin 5881:Mary Cyrene Breckinridge 5323:at whitehousehistory.org 5248:Renehan, Edward (1998). 5049:Gould, Lewis L. (2013). 1724: 1181:Frances Metcalfe Wolcott 849:Frances Theodora Parsons 677:Civil Service Commission 655:, and she experienced a 589:Martha Bulloch Roosevelt 423:Civil Service Commission 347:Gertrude Elizabeth Tyler 266:Youngs Memorial Cemetery 7296:League to Enforce Peace 6778:League to Enforce Peace 6665:Boone and Crockett Club 6633:Battle of San Juan Hill 6492:Bureau of Investigation 6282:Conference of Governors 5951:Mariette Rheiner Garner 5926:Cornelia Cole Fairbanks 5353:First Lady of New York 5243:. Fleming H. Revell Co. 5221:. Macmillan Publishers. 4960:Anthony, Carl Sferrazza 1550:Governor of Puerto Rico 1338:Edith Roosevelt in 1917 1322:Return to Sagamore Hill 1147:Edith Roosevelt in 1905 1081:McKim, Mead & White 1070:White House renovations 897:Pan-American Exposition 830:Edith Roosevelt in 1900 802:Theodore returned as a 756:Theodore was appointed 702:Smithsonian Institution 162:Cornelia Cole Fairbanks 7541:Anna Eleanor Roosevelt 7526:James Alfred Roosevelt 7518:James Stephens Bulloch 7486:Anna "Bamie" Roosevelt 7470:Theodore Roosevelt Sr. 7374:Theodore Roosevelt III 7200:Teddy, the Rough Rider 6980:Roosevelt Study Center 6626:Battle of Las Guasimas 6506:Bureau of Corporations 6453:1906 Nobel Peace Prize 6314:Pure Food and Drug Act 5931:Carrie Babcock Sherman 5788:National Historic Site 5237:Looker, Earle (1929). 2995:, pp. 36, 72, 82. 1637: 1586:paroxysmal tachycardia 1465:Great Kantō earthquake 1394:relations with Germany 1339: 1331: 1158:James Rudolph Garfield 1148: 1066:on February 17, 1906. 1034: 991:his reelection in 1904 986: 952: 831: 822:First lady of New York 816:first lady of New York 785:Spanish rule over Cuba 779:With the onset of the 753: 752:The Roosevelts in 1894 574:Theodore Roosevelt Sr. 421:, while he was on the 396:first lady of New York 373:Edith Kermit Roosevelt 168:First Lady of New York 7583:William Howard Taft → 7549:Gracie Hall Roosevelt 7454:Edith Roosevelt Derby 7414:Theodore Roosevelt IV 7390:Ethel Carow Roosevelt 6762:The Naval War of 1812 6656:Assassination attempt 6557:White House West Wing 1680:Historical evaluation 1635: 1590:St. Andrew's, Florida 1538:Brooklyn, Connecticut 1495:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1458:Brooklyn, Connecticut 1337: 1329: 1243:The Legal Aid Society 1233:Engelbert Humperdinck 1166:president's secretary 1146: 1032: 984: 950: 829: 751: 659:the following year. 653:postpartum depression 647:Edith's first child, 499:Brooklyn, Connecticut 495:Franklin D. Roosevelt 18:Edith Carow Roosevelt 7438:Kermit Roosevelt Jr. 7430:Quentin Roosevelt II 7322:Roosevelt Republican 6826:Archival collections 6612:Spanish–American War 6529:Bureau of the Census 6446:Treaty of Portsmouth 6358:Aldrich–Vreeland Act 6218:Transfer Act of 1905 6115:Governor of New York 5916:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 5240:The White House Gang 1695:Booker T. Washington 1580:Later life and death 1367:was non-fatally shot 1284:Booker T. Washington 1085:Charles Follen McKim 1003:Blue Ridge Mountains 904:Adirondack Mountains 808:Governor of New York 781:Spanish–American War 744:Entering public life 520:Norwich, Connecticut 435:governor of New York 431:Spanish–American War 255:Oyster Bay, New York 238:Norwich, Connecticut 150:Jennie Tuttle Hobart 7510:Cornelius Roosevelt 7398:Archibald Roosevelt 7366:Alice Lee Roosevelt 7262:Political positions 7180:Roosevelt in Africa 7121:U.S. postage stamps 7029:Monument Assemblage 6713:Maltese Cross Cabin 6423:Roosevelt Corollary 6365:Tillman Act of 1907 6330:Meat Inspection Act 6307:Coal strike of 1902 6174:Second inauguration 5966:Jane Hadley Barkley 5936:Lois Irene Marshall 5189:The Roosevelt Women 5160:, November 10, 2001 4909:, pp. 307–308. 4777:, pp. 124–125. 4731:, pp. 501–507. 4707:, pp. 497–498. 4695:, pp. 495–496. 4683:, pp. 494–495. 4659:, pp. 487–489. 4647:, pp. 486–487. 4534:, pp. 473–474. 4447:, pp. 313–314. 4432:, pp. 459–461. 4420:, pp. 458–459. 4408:, pp. 455–456. 4372:, pp. 452–453. 4348:, pp. 447–448. 4273:, pp. 449–450. 4155:, pp. 169–170. 4131:, pp. 127–128. 4080:, pp. 396–397. 4068:, pp. 124–125. 4041:, pp. 125–126. 4029:, pp. 315–316. 4017:, pp. 122–123. 4005:, pp. 373–374. 3957:, pp. 362–363. 3909:, pp. 339–340. 3897:, pp. 332–334. 3885:, pp. 337–338. 3837:, pp. 107–108. 3765:, pp. 122–123. 3627:, pp. 101–103. 3603:, pp. 324–325. 3562:, pp. 296–297. 3511:, pp. 310–311. 3479:, pp. 338–339. 3401:, pp. 301–302. 3290:, pp. 303–304. 3222:, pp. 166–167. 3174:, pp. 328–330. 3162:, pp. 322–324. 3094:, pp. 280–281. 3082:, pp. 279–280. 3031:, pp. 266–268. 2959:, pp. 224–225. 2775:, pp. 210–211. 2751:, pp. 208–209. 2650:, pp. 204–205. 2578:, pp. 200–201. 2525:, pp. 187–188. 2489:, pp. 183–184. 2462:, pp. 302–303. 2450:, pp. 302–303. 2314:, pp. 152–153. 2302:, pp. 300–301. 2290:, pp. 148–149. 2278:, pp. 143–145. 2266:, pp. 138–139. 2254:, pp. 127–131. 2242:, pp. 122–124. 2218:, pp. 121–122. 2163:, pp. 116–117. 1937:, pp. 297–298. 1857:, pp. 223–224. 1674:Sylvia Jukes Morris 1666:Library of Congress 1642:Ida Saxton McKinley 1616:.' The anthem from 1544:and the subsequent 1402:Flora Payne Whitney 1296:William Howard Taft 1139:Political influence 1060:White House wedding 1025:White House hostess 927:Becoming first lady 812:anarchist assassins 611:Marriage and family 551:William Shakespeare 451:William Howard Taft 398:from 1899 to 1900. 98:Ida Saxton McKinley 7574:← William McKinley 7462:Theodora Roosevelt 7358:Edith Kermit Carow 7350:Alice Hathaway Lee 7230:Theodore Roosevelt 7222:, 2014 documentary 7182:, 1910 documentary 7096:Theodore Roosevelt 6439:Russo-Japanese War 6432:Occupation of Cuba 6386:Big stick ideology 6158:First inauguration 6078:Theodore Roosevelt 5896:Ellen Maria Colfax 5686:Jacqueline Kennedy 5516:Angelica Van Buren 5399:Cornelia Fairbanks 5395:Title next held by 5373:Title last held by 4984:Caroli, Betty Boyd 3789:, pp. 99–101. 2859:, p. 219–220. 1720:13th of 39 in 2014 1717:11th of 38 in 2008 1711:14th of 37 in 1993 1708:10th of 42 in 1982 1638: 1512:Edith traveled to 1406:Dark Harbor, Maine 1340: 1332: 1264:Thomas W. Hardwick 1196:Russo-Japanese War 1149: 1064:Nicholas Longworth 1035: 987: 953: 943:Life as first lady 832: 754: 582:Alice Hathaway Lee 570:Harvard University 547:Theodore Roosevelt 407:Alice Hathaway Lee 384:Theodore Roosevelt 278:Theodore Roosevelt 248:September 30, 1948 225:Edith Kermit Carow 187:Theodore Roosevelt 139:Theodore Roosevelt 86:Theodore Roosevelt 7616: 7615: 7502:Corinne Roosevelt 7406:Quentin Roosevelt 7232:, 2022 miniseries 7212:, 1997 miniseries 6812:magazine articles 6543:Perdicaris affair 6536:Great White Fleet 6416:Venezuelan crisis 6400:Panama Canal Zone 6044: 6043: 5996:Happy Rockefeller 5976:Lady Bird Johnson 5911:Letitia Stevenson 5801: 5800: 5691:Lady Bird Johnson 5671:Eleanor Roosevelt 5621:Frances Cleveland 5611:Caroline Harrison 5606:Frances Cleveland 5591:Lucretia Garfield 5571:Mary Todd Lincoln 5476:Martha Washington 5432: 5431: 5423:Succeeded by 5359:Succeeded by 5261:978-0-19-512719-5 5169: 5168: 5107:978-1-4381-0815-5 5062:978-0-7006-2651-9 5041:978-1-118-73218-2 5020:978-0-8153-1479-0 4999:978-0-19-539285-2 4975:978-0-688-11272-1 4789:, pp. 25–26. 3738:, pp. 66–67. 3726:, pp. 51–52. 3714:, pp. 48–66. 3651:, pp. 50–51. 3615:, pp. 34–36. 3538:, pp. 89–90. 3362:, pp. 41–42. 3350:, pp. 40–41. 3278:, pp. 42–44. 3019:, pp. 81–82. 2811:, pp. 26–27. 2082:, pp. 11–12. 1714:9th of 38 in 2003 1636:Official portrait 1450:Richard Derby Jr. 1434:Warren G. Harding 1348:Eleanor Alexander 1304:Helen Herron Taft 1238:Hansel and Gretel 1185:Edward O. Wolcott 1131:and the reporter 1125:Caroline Harrison 1121:White House china 1109:State Dining Room 793:Montauk, New York 737:mayor of New York 669:Benjamin Harrison 665:Cecil Spring Rice 539:Corinne Roosevelt 479:Warren G. Harding 455:Helen Herron Taft 370: 369: 110:Helen Herron Taft 16:(Redirected from 7711: 7699:Roosevelt family 7609: 7605: 7604: 7595: 7586: 7577: 7560: 7552: 7544: 7536: 7529: 7521: 7513: 7505: 7497: 7489: 7481: 7473: 7465: 7457: 7449: 7441: 7433: 7425: 7417: 7409: 7401: 7393: 7385: 7382:Kermit Roosevelt 7377: 7369: 7361: 7353: 7332: 7325: 7316: 7307: 7304:A Guest of Honor 7298: 7289: 7280: 7273: 7264: 7244: 7234: 7224: 7214: 7204: 7194: 7190:The Rough Riders 7184: 7174: 7164: 7157: 7150: 7143: 7123: 7116: 7109: 7089: 7082: 7075: 7068: 7061: 7054: 7047: 7040: 7031: 7024: 7015: 7013:Portland, Oregon 7008: 7001: 6996: 6989: 6982: 6975: 6968: 6961: 6952: 6945: 6938: 6931: 6924: 6917: 6899: 6892: 6885: 6877: 6870: 6863: 6856: 6848: 6828: 6821: 6814: 6804: 6794: 6787: 6780: 6773: 6766: 6756: 6736: 6729: 6722: 6715: 6708: 6701: 6681: 6674: 6667: 6658: 6651: 6644: 6635: 6628: 6621: 6614: 6594: 6587: 6585:White House desk 6580: 6573: 6566: 6559: 6552: 6545: 6538: 6531: 6524: 6517: 6508: 6501: 6494: 6487: 6478: 6471: 6469:Army War College 6462: 6455: 6448: 6441: 6434: 6425: 6418: 6409: 6402: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6374: 6367: 6360: 6353: 6346: 6339: 6332: 6323: 6316: 6309: 6300: 6293: 6284: 6277: 6270: 6263: 6256: 6248: 6241: 6234: 6227: 6220: 6213: 6206: 6199: 6192: 6183: 6176: 6167: 6160: 6134: 6126: 6118: 6107: 6096: 6071: 6064: 6057: 6048: 6047: 5876:Abigail Fillmore 5828: 5821: 5814: 5805: 5804: 5681:Mamie Eisenhower 5656:Florence Harding 5556:Abigail Fillmore 5496:Elizabeth Monroe 5458: 5451: 5444: 5435: 5434: 5406:Preceded by 5344:Preceded by 5339:Honorary titles 5336: 5335: 5301:Internet Archive 5286: 5265: 5244: 5233: 5222: 5211: 5182: 5154: 5153: 5142: 5141: 5133: 5131: 5122: 5120: 5111: 5090: 5066: 5045: 5024: 5003: 4979: 4946: 4940: 4934: 4928: 4922: 4916: 4910: 4904: 4895: 4889: 4883: 4877: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4853: 4844: 4838: 4829: 4823: 4817: 4811: 4805: 4799: 4790: 4784: 4778: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4749: 4743: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4714: 4708: 4702: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4660: 4654: 4648: 4642: 4636: 4630: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4606: 4600: 4594: 4588: 4582: 4576: 4570: 4559: 4553: 4547: 4541: 4535: 4529: 4523: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4499: 4493: 4487: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4460: 4454: 4448: 4442: 4433: 4427: 4421: 4415: 4409: 4403: 4397: 4391: 4385: 4379: 4373: 4367: 4361: 4355: 4349: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4322: 4316: 4305: 4299: 4286: 4280: 4274: 4268: 4262: 4256: 4241: 4235: 4229: 4223: 4217: 4211: 4192: 4186: 4180: 4174: 4168: 4162: 4156: 4150: 4144: 4138: 4132: 4126: 4120: 4114: 4105: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4051: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4024: 4018: 4012: 4006: 4000: 3994: 3988: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3964: 3958: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3925: 3919: 3910: 3904: 3898: 3892: 3886: 3880: 3874: 3868: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3838: 3832: 3826: 3820: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3760: 3754: 3748: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3646: 3640: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3539: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3512: 3506: 3495: 3489: 3480: 3474: 3468: 3462: 3456: 3450: 3441: 3435: 3426: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3375: 3369: 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3320: 3314: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3279: 3273: 3267: 3261: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3095: 3089: 3083: 3077: 3071: 3065: 3056: 3050: 3044: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3020: 3014: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2971:, p. 79–80. 2966: 2960: 2954: 2948: 2942: 2931: 2925: 2912: 2906: 2897: 2891: 2872: 2866: 2860: 2854: 2848: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2824: 2818: 2812: 2806: 2800: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2752: 2746: 2740: 2734: 2723: 2717: 2711: 2705: 2694: 2688: 2682: 2676: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2579: 2573: 2567: 2561: 2555: 2549: 2543: 2537: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2502: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2427: 2421: 2415: 2409: 2403: 2397: 2368: 2362: 2351: 2345: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2297: 2291: 2285: 2279: 2273: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2201: 2195: 2189: 2176: 2170: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2140: 2134: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2052: 2046: 2040: 2034: 2025: 2019: 2013: 2007: 1994: 1988: 1982: 1976: 1970: 1964: 1953: 1947: 1938: 1932: 1926: 1920: 1914: 1908: 1902: 1896: 1890: 1884: 1875: 1869: 1858: 1852: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1828: 1819: 1813: 1807: 1801: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1752: 1746: 1569:the inauguration 1546:Great Depression 1423:Henry F. Pringle 1350:had a daughter, 1211: 1162:William Loeb Jr. 1077:Lafayette Square 893:William McKinley 877:Republican Party 770:William McKinley 729:Grover Cleveland 691:Washington, D.C. 681:Washington, D.C. 535:Roosevelt family 443:cabinet members' 433:and was elected 419:Washington, D.C. 411:also named Alice 403:Roosevelt family 394:in 1901 and the 362: 293: 291: 251: 234: 232: 216:Personal details 204: 194: 177: 158: 146: 136: 127: 106: 94: 75: 54: 51: 46: 32: 31: 21: 7719: 7718: 7714: 7713: 7712: 7710: 7709: 7708: 7619: 7618: 7617: 7612: 7600: 7593:← Garret Hobart 7591: 7580: 7571: 7563: 7555: 7547: 7539: 7532: 7524: 7516: 7508: 7500: 7492: 7484: 7476: 7468: 7464:(granddaughter) 7460: 7456:(granddaughter) 7452: 7444: 7436: 7428: 7420: 7412: 7404: 7396: 7388: 7380: 7372: 7364: 7356: 7348: 7335: 7328: 7319: 7310: 7301: 7294: 7283: 7276: 7267: 7260: 7249: 7237: 7227: 7217: 7207: 7197: 7187: 7177: 7167: 7160: 7153: 7146: 7139: 7132: 7126: 7119: 7112: 7092: 7085: 7078: 7071: 7066:Roosevelt 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Tompkins 5837: 5832: 5802: 5797: 5752: 5721:Hillary Clinton 5706:Rosalynn Carter 5646:Margaret Wilson 5631:Edith Roosevelt 5551:Margaret Taylor 5536:Priscilla Tyler 5467: 5462: 5428: 5419: 5411: 5396: 5387: 5374: 5364: 5355: 5349: 5331:Harvard Library 5306:Edith Roosevelt 5293: 5283: 5268: 5262: 5247: 5236: 5225: 5214: 5200: 5185: 5172: 5151: 5145:External videos 5140: 5138:Further reading 5129: 5118: 5108: 5087: 5063: 5042: 5021: 5000: 4976: 4955: 4950: 4949: 4941: 4937: 4929: 4925: 4917: 4913: 4905: 4898: 4890: 4886: 4878: 4874: 4866: 4862: 4854: 4847: 4839: 4832: 4824: 4820: 4812: 4808: 4800: 4793: 4785: 4781: 4773: 4769: 4761: 4752: 4744: 4735: 4727: 4723: 4715: 4711: 4703: 4699: 4691: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4667: 4663: 4655: 4651: 4643: 4639: 4631: 4627: 4619: 4615: 4607: 4603: 4595: 4591: 4583: 4579: 4571: 4562: 4554: 4550: 4542: 4538: 4530: 4526: 4518: 4514: 4506: 4502: 4494: 4490: 4482: 4478: 4470: 4463: 4455: 4451: 4443: 4436: 4428: 4424: 4416: 4412: 4404: 4400: 4392: 4388: 4380: 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2179: 2171: 2167: 2159: 2155: 2147: 2143: 2135: 2122: 2114: 2110: 2102: 2098: 2090: 2086: 2078: 2074: 2066: 2055: 2047: 2043: 2035: 2028: 2020: 2016: 2008: 1997: 1993:, pp. 7–8. 1989: 1985: 1977: 1973: 1965: 1956: 1948: 1941: 1933: 1929: 1921: 1917: 1909: 1905: 1897: 1893: 1885: 1878: 1870: 1861: 1853: 1849: 1841: 1837: 1829: 1822: 1814: 1810: 1806:, pp. 1–2. 1802: 1798: 1790: 1786: 1778: 1774: 1766: 1755: 1747: 1732: 1727: 1682: 1672:, published by 1662:Harvard Library 1630: 1582: 1487: 1414: 1324: 1292: 1251: 1214:Audubon Society 1209: 1205: 1154:Gifford Pinchot 1141: 1133:Abby Gunn Baker 1072: 1027: 995:Alton B. Parker 958:cabinet members 945: 929: 924: 887:Edith attended 885: 824: 746: 693: 618: 613: 559: 543:Abraham Lincoln 516: 511: 350: 331: 295: 287: 283: 280: 253: 249: 236: 230: 228: 227: 226: 202: 192: 178: 173: 156: 144: 134: 128: 123: 104: 92: 76: 71: 55: 52: 37: 36:Edith Roosevelt 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7717: 7707: 7706: 7701: 7696: 7691: 7686: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7614: 7613: 7611: 7610: 7597: 7596: 7588: 7587: 7578: 7568: 7565: 7564: 7562: 7561: 7553: 7545: 7537: 7530: 7522: 7514: 7506: 7498: 7490: 7482: 7474: 7466: 7458: 7450: 7442: 7434: 7426: 7418: 7410: 7402: 7394: 7386: 7378: 7370: 7362: 7354: 7345: 7343: 7337: 7336: 7334: 7333: 7326: 7317: 7308: 7299: 7292: 7291: 7290: 7274: 7265: 7257: 7255: 7251: 7250: 7248: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7235: 7225: 7220:The Roosevelts 7215: 7205: 7195: 7185: 7175: 7158: 7151: 7144: 7136: 7134: 7128: 7127: 7125: 7124: 7117: 7114:Roosevelt Road 7110: 7090: 7083: 7076: 7069: 7062: 7055: 7048: 7041: 7034: 7033: 7032: 7018: 7017: 7016: 7009: 6997: 6990: 6983: 6976: 6969: 6962: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6939: 6932: 6925: 6922:Mount Rushmore 6918: 6910: 6908: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6900: 6893: 6886: 6878: 6871: 6864: 6857: 6849: 6841: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6829: 6822: 6815: 6805: 6795: 6788: 6781: 6774: 6767: 6757: 6749: 6747: 6741: 6740: 6738: 6737: 6730: 6723: 6716: 6709: 6702: 6694: 6692: 6686: 6685: 6683: 6682: 6675: 6668: 6661: 6660: 6659: 6652: 6638: 6637: 6636: 6629: 6622: 6607: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6596: 6595: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6567: 6560: 6553: 6546: 6539: 6532: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6510: 6509: 6495: 6488: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6476:Roosevelt Hall 6465: 6464: 6463: 6456: 6449: 6435: 6428: 6427: 6426: 6412: 6411: 6410: 6403: 6389: 6382: 6375: 6368: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6337:Expediting Act 6333: 6326: 6325: 6324: 6310: 6303: 6302: 6301: 6287: 6286: 6285: 6278: 6275:Roosevelt Arch 6271: 6264: 6257: 6249: 6242: 6235: 6232:Pelican Island 6228: 6221: 6214: 6200: 6193: 6184: 6181:Foreign policy 6177: 6170: 6169: 6168: 6153: 6151: 6139: 6138: 6136: 6135: 6127: 6119: 6108: 6097: 6085: 6082: 6081: 6074: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6051: 6042: 6041: 6039: 6038: 6036:Douglas Emhoff 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6011:Marilyn Quayle 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5941:Grace Coolidge 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5842: 5839: 5838: 5831: 5830: 5823: 5816: 5808: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5784: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5766:bibliographies 5757: 5754: 5753: 5751: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5738:Michelle Obama 5735: 5730: 5729: 5728: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5661:Grace Coolidge 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5601:Rose Cleveland 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5506:Emily Donelson 5503: 5498: 5493: 5491:Dolley Madison 5488: 5483: 5478: 5472: 5469: 5468: 5461: 5460: 5453: 5446: 5438: 5430: 5429: 5424: 5421: 5412: 5407: 5403: 5402: 5394: 5389: 5380: 5372: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5357: 5350: 5345: 5341: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5324: 5318: 5303: 5292: 5291:External links 5289: 5288: 5287: 5281: 5266: 5260: 5245: 5234: 5223: 5212: 5198: 5183: 5167: 5166: 5147: 5146: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5123: 5112: 5106: 5091: 5085: 5071:Morris, Sylvia 5067: 5061: 5046: 5040: 5025: 5019: 5004: 4998: 4980: 4974: 4954: 4951: 4948: 4947: 4935: 4923: 4921:, p. 305. 4911: 4896: 4894:, p. 308. 4884: 4882:, p. 112. 4872: 4870:, p. 131. 4860: 4858:, p. 317. 4845: 4843:, p. 319. 4830: 4818: 4816:, p. 171. 4806: 4791: 4779: 4767: 4765:, p. 316. 4750: 4748:, p. 516. 4733: 4721: 4719:, p. 502. 4709: 4697: 4685: 4673: 4671:, p. 489. 4661: 4649: 4637: 4635:, p. 485. 4625: 4623:, p. 483. 4613: 4611:, p. 482. 4601: 4589: 4587:, p. 477. 4577: 4575:, p. 318. 4560: 4558:, p. 475. 4548: 4546:, p. 474. 4536: 4524: 4522:, p. 469. 4512: 4510:, p. 472. 4500: 4498:, p. 467. 4488: 4486:, p. 471. 4476: 4474:, p. 464. 4461: 4459:, p. 457. 4449: 4434: 4422: 4410: 4398: 4396:, p. 453. 4386: 4384:, p. 452. 4374: 4362: 4360:, p. 450. 4350: 4338: 4336:, p. 130. 4323: 4321:, p. 315. 4306: 4304:, p. 314. 4287: 4285:, p. 313. 4275: 4263: 4261:, p. 317. 4242: 4240:, p. 445. 4230: 4228:, p. 437. 4218: 4216:, p. 170. 4193: 4191:, p. 425. 4181: 4179:, p. 423. 4169: 4167:, p. 415. 4157: 4145: 4143:, p. 411. 4133: 4121: 4119:, p. 408. 4106: 4104:, p. 406. 4094: 4092:, p. 316. 4082: 4070: 4058: 4056:, p. 312. 4043: 4031: 4019: 4007: 3995: 3993:, p. 373. 3983: 3981:, p. 367. 3971: 3969:, p. 315. 3959: 3947: 3945:, p. 169. 3926: 3924:, p. 314. 3911: 3899: 3887: 3875: 3873:, p. 335. 3863: 3861:, p. 336. 3851: 3849:, p. 109. 3839: 3827: 3825:, p. 313. 3815: 3813:, p. 308. 3803: 3801:, p. 277. 3791: 3779: 3767: 3755: 3740: 3728: 3716: 3704: 3692: 3690:, p. 101. 3680: 3665: 3663:, p. 332. 3653: 3641: 3639:, p. 311. 3629: 3617: 3605: 3593: 3591:, p. 312. 3581: 3579:, p. 125. 3564: 3552: 3540: 3528: 3513: 3496: 3481: 3469: 3467:, p. 306. 3457: 3455:, p. 253. 3442: 3440:, p. 309. 3427: 3425:, p. 248. 3415: 3413:, p. 255. 3403: 3391: 3376: 3374:, p. 243. 3364: 3352: 3340: 3338:, p. 123. 3321: 3319:, p. 305. 3304: 3302:, p. 242. 3292: 3280: 3268: 3266:, p. 299. 3253: 3251:, p. 266. 3241: 3239:, p. 310. 3224: 3212: 3200: 3198:, p. 307. 3188: 3176: 3164: 3152: 3150:, p. 309. 3140: 3138:, p. 168. 3123: 3121:, p. 292. 3111: 3109:, p. 289. 3096: 3084: 3072: 3070:, p. 310. 3057: 3045: 3043:, p. 273. 3033: 3021: 3009: 3007:, p. 318. 2997: 2985: 2973: 2961: 2949: 2947:, p. 307. 2932: 2930:, p. 124. 2913: 2911:, p. 296. 2898: 2896:, p. 167. 2873: 2871:, p. 306. 2861: 2849: 2847:, p. 220. 2837: 2825: 2813: 2801: 2799:, p. 214. 2789: 2787:, p. 212. 2777: 2765: 2763:, p. 209. 2753: 2741: 2739:, p. 305. 2724: 2722:, p. 207. 2712: 2695: 2693:, p. 206. 2683: 2681:, p. 304. 2664: 2662:, p. 204. 2652: 2640: 2638:, p. 199. 2628: 2616: 2614:, p. 203. 2604: 2602:, p. 196. 2592: 2590:, p. 194. 2580: 2568: 2566:, p. 193. 2556: 2554:, p. 303. 2544: 2527: 2515: 2513:, p. 184. 2503: 2491: 2479: 2477:, p. 303. 2464: 2452: 2440: 2438:, p. 173. 2428: 2426:, p. 302. 2416: 2414:, p. 166. 2404: 2402:, p. 166. 2369: 2367:, p. 302. 2352: 2350:, p. 162. 2340: 2338:, p. 157. 2328: 2326:, p. 301. 2316: 2304: 2292: 2280: 2268: 2256: 2244: 2232: 2220: 2208: 2196: 2194:, p. 300. 2177: 2175:, p. 119. 2165: 2153: 2151:, p. 111. 2141: 2139:, p. 165. 2120: 2118:, p. 121. 2108: 2106:, p. 116. 2096: 2094:, p. 113. 2084: 2072: 2070:, p. 301. 2053: 2051:, p. 109. 2041: 2026: 2024:, p. 106. 2014: 2012:, p. 164. 1995: 1983: 1971: 1969:, p. 300. 1954: 1952:, p. 298. 1939: 1927: 1915: 1913:, p. 299. 1903: 1891: 1889:, p. 296. 1876: 1874:, p. 297. 1859: 1847: 1835: 1820: 1808: 1796: 1784: 1772: 1770:, p. 294. 1753: 1751:, p. 163. 1729: 1728: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1690:Lewis L. Gould 1681: 1678: 1629: 1626: 1622:Ninth Symphony 1610:The Son of God 1581: 1578: 1561:Herbert Hoover 1534:Mortlake Manor 1486: 1483: 1469:Imperial Hotel 1446:Kaieteur Falls 1442:British Guiana 1413: 1410: 1375:Woodrow Wilson 1323: 1320: 1291: 1288: 1250: 1247: 1229:Richard Wagner 1204: 1201: 1173:Secret Service 1140: 1137: 1071: 1068: 1026: 1023: 1019:Archibald Butt 944: 941: 928: 925: 923: 920: 884: 881: 856:, the site of 823: 820: 745: 742: 692: 689: 617: 614: 612: 609: 558: 555: 515: 512: 510: 507: 487:Herbert Hoover 467:Woodrow Wilson 368: 367: 364: 363: 356: 352: 351: 349: 348: 345: 339: 337: 333: 332: 330: 329: 324: 319: 314: 309: 303: 301: 297: 296: 285: 281: 276: 275: 273: 269: 268: 263: 259: 258: 252:(aged 87) 246: 242: 241: 235:August 6, 1861 224: 222: 218: 217: 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 199: 198: 195: 189: 188: 185: 181: 180: 170: 169: 165: 164: 159: 153: 152: 147: 141: 140: 137: 135:Vice President 131: 130: 120: 119: 113: 112: 107: 101: 100: 95: 89: 88: 83: 79: 78: 68: 67: 61: 60: 57: 56: 47: 39: 38: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7716: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7697: 7695: 7692: 7690: 7687: 7685: 7682: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7608: 7599: 7598: 7594: 7590: 7589: 7585: 7584: 7579: 7576: 7575: 7570: 7569: 7566: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7535: 7531: 7527: 7523: 7520:(grandfather) 7519: 7515: 7512:(grandfather) 7511: 7507: 7503: 7499: 7495: 7491: 7487: 7483: 7479: 7475: 7471: 7467: 7463: 7459: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7423: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7395: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7375: 7371: 7367: 7363: 7360:(second wife) 7359: 7355: 7351: 7347: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7338: 7331: 7327: 7323: 7318: 7314: 7309: 7306: 7305: 7300: 7297: 7293: 7287: 7286:Nature fakers 7282: 7281: 7279: 7275: 7271: 7266: 7263: 7259: 7258: 7256: 7252: 7243: 7242:, 2024 series 7241: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7166: 7165: 7163: 7159: 7156: 7152: 7149: 7145: 7142: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7129: 7122: 7118: 7115: 7111: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7097: 7091: 7088: 7084: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7070: 7067: 7063: 7060: 7056: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7042: 7039: 7035: 7030: 7026: 7025: 7023: 7019: 7014: 7010: 7007: 7006:New York City 7003: 7002: 6998: 6995: 6991: 6988: 6984: 6981: 6977: 6974: 6970: 6967: 6963: 6960: 6956: 6951: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6940: 6937: 6933: 6930: 6926: 6923: 6919: 6916: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6905: 6898: 6894: 6891: 6887: 6884: 6879: 6876: 6872: 6869: 6865: 6862: 6858: 6855: 6850: 6847: 6843: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6834: 6827: 6823: 6820: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6796: 6793: 6789: 6786: 6782: 6779: 6775: 6772: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6758: 6755: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6742: 6735: 6731: 6728: 6724: 6721: 6720:Elkhorn Ranch 6717: 6714: 6710: 6707: 6703: 6700: 6696: 6695: 6693: 6687: 6680: 6676: 6673: 6669: 6666: 6662: 6657: 6653: 6650: 6646: 6645: 6643: 6639: 6634: 6630: 6627: 6623: 6620: 6616: 6615: 6613: 6609: 6608: 6606: 6600: 6593: 6589: 6586: 6582: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6568: 6565: 6561: 6558: 6554: 6551: 6547: 6544: 6540: 6537: 6533: 6530: 6526: 6523: 6519: 6516: 6512: 6507: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6493: 6489: 6486: 6482: 6477: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6461: 6457: 6454: 6450: 6447: 6443: 6442: 6440: 6436: 6433: 6429: 6424: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6408: 6404: 6401: 6397: 6396: 6394: 6390: 6387: 6383: 6380: 6376: 6373: 6369: 6366: 6362: 6359: 6355: 6352: 6348: 6345: 6341: 6338: 6334: 6331: 6327: 6322: 6318: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6308: 6304: 6299: 6295: 6294: 6292: 6288: 6283: 6279: 6276: 6272: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6254: 6250: 6247: 6243: 6240: 6236: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6212: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6201: 6198: 6194: 6190: 6185: 6182: 6178: 6175: 6171: 6166: 6165:historic site 6162: 6161: 6159: 6155: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6144: 6140: 6132: 6128: 6124: 6120: 6116: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6102: 6098: 6094: 6091: 6087: 6086: 6083: 6079: 6072: 6067: 6065: 6060: 6058: 6053: 6052: 6049: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5891:Eliza Johnson 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5871:Sophia Dallas 5869: 5867: 5866:Letitia Tyler 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5846:Abigail Adams 5844: 5843: 5840: 5836: 5829: 5824: 5822: 5817: 5815: 5810: 5809: 5806: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5762: 5759: 5758: 5755: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5743:Melania Trump 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5727: 5724: 5723: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5616:Mary Harrison 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5576:Eliza Johnson 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5531:Letitia Tyler 5529: 5527: 5526:Jane Harrison 5524: 5522: 5521:Anna Harrison 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5511:Sarah Jackson 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5481:Abigail Adams 5479: 5477: 5474: 5473: 5470: 5466: 5459: 5454: 5452: 5447: 5445: 5440: 5439: 5436: 5427: 5418: 5417: 5410: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5393: 5386: 5385: 5379: 5378: 5377:Jennie Hobart 5371: 5367: 5363: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5316: 5311: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5298: 5295: 5294: 5284: 5282:0-385-24349-9 5278: 5275:. Doubleday. 5274: 5273: 5267: 5263: 5257: 5253: 5252: 5246: 5242: 5241: 5235: 5231: 5230: 5224: 5220: 5219: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5201: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5161: 5159: 5148: 5143: 5128: 5124: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5103: 5099: 5098: 5092: 5088: 5086:0-698-10994-5 5082: 5078: 5077: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5058: 5054: 5053: 5047: 5043: 5037: 5033: 5032: 5026: 5022: 5016: 5012: 5011: 5005: 5001: 4995: 4991: 4990: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4961: 4957: 4956: 4944: 4939: 4932: 4927: 4920: 4915: 4908: 4907:Forslund 2016 4903: 4901: 4893: 4888: 4881: 4876: 4869: 4864: 4857: 4856:Forslund 2016 4852: 4850: 4842: 4837: 4835: 4828:, p. 89. 4827: 4822: 4815: 4810: 4804:, p. 23. 4803: 4798: 4796: 4788: 4783: 4776: 4771: 4764: 4763:Forslund 2016 4759: 4757: 4755: 4747: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4730: 4725: 4718: 4713: 4706: 4701: 4694: 4689: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4665: 4658: 4653: 4646: 4641: 4634: 4629: 4622: 4617: 4610: 4605: 4599:, p. 79. 4598: 4593: 4586: 4581: 4574: 4569: 4567: 4565: 4557: 4552: 4545: 4540: 4533: 4528: 4521: 4516: 4509: 4504: 4497: 4492: 4485: 4480: 4473: 4468: 4466: 4458: 4453: 4446: 4445:Forslund 2016 4441: 4439: 4431: 4426: 4419: 4414: 4407: 4402: 4395: 4390: 4383: 4378: 4371: 4366: 4359: 4354: 4347: 4342: 4335: 4330: 4328: 4320: 4319:Forslund 2016 4315: 4313: 4311: 4303: 4302:Forslund 2016 4298: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4284: 4283:Forslund 2016 4279: 4272: 4267: 4260: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4239: 4234: 4227: 4222: 4215: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4190: 4185: 4178: 4173: 4166: 4161: 4154: 4149: 4142: 4137: 4130: 4125: 4118: 4113: 4111: 4103: 4098: 4091: 4086: 4079: 4074: 4067: 4062: 4055: 4054:Forslund 2016 4050: 4048: 4040: 4035: 4028: 4023: 4016: 4011: 4004: 3999: 3992: 3987: 3980: 3975: 3968: 3963: 3956: 3951: 3944: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3923: 3918: 3916: 3908: 3903: 3896: 3891: 3884: 3879: 3872: 3867: 3860: 3855: 3848: 3843: 3836: 3831: 3824: 3819: 3812: 3811:Forslund 2016 3807: 3800: 3795: 3788: 3783: 3777:, p. 28. 3776: 3771: 3764: 3759: 3753:, p. 27. 3752: 3747: 3745: 3737: 3732: 3725: 3720: 3713: 3708: 3702:, p. 54. 3701: 3696: 3689: 3684: 3678:, p. 24. 3677: 3672: 3670: 3662: 3657: 3650: 3645: 3638: 3633: 3626: 3621: 3614: 3609: 3602: 3597: 3590: 3585: 3578: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3561: 3556: 3550:, p. 91. 3549: 3544: 3537: 3532: 3526:, p. 90. 3525: 3520: 3518: 3510: 3505: 3503: 3501: 3494:, p. 48. 3493: 3488: 3486: 3478: 3473: 3466: 3465:Forslund 2016 3461: 3454: 3449: 3447: 3439: 3434: 3432: 3424: 3419: 3412: 3407: 3400: 3395: 3389:, p. 45. 3388: 3383: 3381: 3373: 3368: 3361: 3356: 3349: 3344: 3337: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3318: 3317:Forslund 2016 3313: 3311: 3309: 3301: 3296: 3289: 3284: 3277: 3272: 3265: 3260: 3258: 3250: 3245: 3238: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3221: 3216: 3210:, p. 40. 3209: 3204: 3197: 3196:Forslund 2016 3192: 3186:, p. 30. 3185: 3180: 3173: 3168: 3161: 3156: 3149: 3148:Forslund 2016 3144: 3137: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3120: 3115: 3108: 3103: 3101: 3093: 3088: 3081: 3076: 3069: 3068:Forslund 2016 3064: 3062: 3055:, p. 33. 3054: 3049: 3042: 3037: 3030: 3025: 3018: 3013: 3006: 3001: 2994: 2989: 2982: 2977: 2970: 2965: 2958: 2953: 2946: 2941: 2939: 2937: 2929: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2910: 2905: 2903: 2895: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2870: 2865: 2858: 2853: 2846: 2841: 2835:, p. 81. 2834: 2829: 2823:, p. 68. 2822: 2817: 2810: 2805: 2798: 2793: 2786: 2781: 2774: 2769: 2762: 2757: 2750: 2745: 2738: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2721: 2716: 2710:, p. 22. 2709: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2692: 2687: 2680: 2679:Forslund 2016 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2661: 2656: 2649: 2644: 2637: 2632: 2626:, p. 20. 2625: 2620: 2613: 2608: 2601: 2596: 2589: 2584: 2577: 2572: 2565: 2560: 2553: 2552:Forslund 2016 2548: 2542:, p. 19. 2541: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2524: 2519: 2512: 2507: 2501:, p. 18. 2500: 2495: 2488: 2483: 2476: 2471: 2469: 2461: 2460:Forslund 2016 2456: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2432: 2425: 2420: 2413: 2408: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2366: 2365:Forslund 2016 2361: 2359: 2357: 2349: 2344: 2337: 2332: 2325: 2320: 2313: 2308: 2301: 2296: 2289: 2284: 2277: 2272: 2265: 2260: 2253: 2248: 2241: 2236: 2230:, p. 15. 2229: 2224: 2217: 2212: 2206:, p. 12. 2205: 2200: 2193: 2188: 2186: 2184: 2182: 2174: 2169: 2162: 2157: 2150: 2145: 2138: 2133: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2117: 2112: 2105: 2100: 2093: 2088: 2081: 2076: 2069: 2068:Forslund 2016 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2050: 2045: 2039:, p. 11. 2038: 2033: 2031: 2023: 2018: 2011: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1992: 1987: 1980: 1975: 1968: 1967:Forslund 2016 1963: 1961: 1959: 1951: 1946: 1944: 1936: 1931: 1925:, p. 65. 1924: 1919: 1912: 1911:Forslund 2016 1907: 1901:, p. 58. 1900: 1895: 1888: 1883: 1881: 1873: 1868: 1866: 1864: 1856: 1851: 1845:, p. 32. 1844: 1839: 1832: 1827: 1825: 1818:, p. 42. 1817: 1812: 1805: 1800: 1794:, p. 15. 1793: 1788: 1782:, p. 20. 1781: 1776: 1769: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1758: 1750: 1745: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1730: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1705: 1703: 1698: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1645: 1643: 1634: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1577: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1553: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1530:heart murmurs 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1482: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1461: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1424: 1418: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1386: 1383: 1378: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1359:1912 election 1355: 1353: 1349: 1344: 1336: 1328: 1319: 1317: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1287: 1285: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1255: 1246: 1244: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1200: 1197: 1192: 1190: 1189:Lyman M. Bass 1186: 1182: 1177: 1174: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1145: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1055: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1039: 1031: 1022: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 998: 996: 992: 983: 979: 976: 975: 968: 962: 959: 949: 940: 938: 933: 919: 917: 913: 909: 908:had been shot 905: 900: 898: 894: 890: 880: 878: 874: 870: 866: 861: 859: 855: 854:San Juan Hill 850: 844: 842: 838: 828: 819: 817: 813: 809: 805: 800: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 777: 775: 771: 767: 762: 759: 750: 741: 738: 734: 730: 725: 723: 719: 714: 712: 708: 703: 699: 688: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 660: 658: 654: 650: 645: 641: 639: 635: 634:Sagamore Hill 631: 627: 623: 616:Sagamore Hill 608: 606: 602: 598: 593: 590: 585: 583: 579: 575: 571: 566: 564: 554: 552: 548: 544: 540: 536: 531: 529: 528:hypochondriac 525: 524:Charles Carow 521: 506: 504: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 462: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 438: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 415:Sagamore Hill 412: 408: 404: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 378: 374: 365: 361: 357: 353: 346: 344: 343:Charles Carow 341: 340: 338: 334: 328: 325: 323: 320: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 304: 302: 298: 279: 274: 270: 267: 264: 262:Resting place 260: 256: 247: 243: 239: 223: 219: 214: 210: 206: 200: 196: 190: 186: 182: 176: 171: 166: 163: 160: 154: 151: 148: 142: 138: 132: 126: 121: 118: 114: 111: 108: 102: 99: 96: 90: 87: 84: 80: 74: 69: 66: 62: 58: 45: 40: 33: 30: 19: 7581: 7572: 7357: 7352:(first wife) 7302: 7278:Ananias Club 7270:Bully pulpit 7239: 7229: 7219: 7210:Rough Riders 7209: 7199: 7189: 7179: 7169: 7095: 6915:Bibliography 6809: 6799: 6761: 6746:and speeches 6619:Rough Riders 6407:Panama Canal 6204:Conservation 6021:Lynne Cheney 6006:Barbara Bush 6001:Joan Mondale 5920: 5716:Barbara Bush 5711:Nancy Reagan 5651:Edith Wilson 5641:Ellen Wilson 5630: 5626:Ida McKinley 5596:Mary McElroy 5566:Harriet Lane 5501:Louisa Adams 5414: 5409:Ida McKinley 5397: 5391: 5382: 5375: 5369: 5352: 5313: 5271: 5250: 5239: 5228: 5217: 5188: 5178: 5174: 5157: 5096: 5075: 5051: 5030: 5009: 4988: 4964: 4938: 4926: 4919:Anthony 1990 4914: 4892:Cordery 1996 4887: 4875: 4863: 4841:Cordery 1996 4821: 4809: 4782: 4770: 4724: 4712: 4700: 4688: 4676: 4664: 4652: 4640: 4628: 4616: 4604: 4592: 4580: 4573:Cordery 1996 4551: 4539: 4527: 4515: 4503: 4491: 4479: 4452: 4425: 4413: 4401: 4389: 4377: 4365: 4353: 4341: 4278: 4266: 4259:Cordery 1996 4233: 4221: 4184: 4172: 4160: 4148: 4136: 4124: 4097: 4090:Cordery 1996 4085: 4073: 4061: 4034: 4027:Cordery 1996 4022: 4010: 3998: 3986: 3974: 3967:Cordery 1996 3962: 3950: 3922:Cordery 1996 3902: 3890: 3878: 3866: 3854: 3842: 3830: 3823:Cordery 1996 3818: 3806: 3794: 3782: 3770: 3758: 3731: 3719: 3707: 3695: 3683: 3656: 3644: 3637:Cordery 1996 3632: 3620: 3608: 3596: 3589:Cordery 1996 3584: 3560:Anthony 1990 3555: 3543: 3531: 3509:Cordery 1996 3472: 3460: 3438:Cordery 1996 3418: 3406: 3399:Anthony 1990 3394: 3367: 3355: 3343: 3295: 3283: 3271: 3264:Anthony 1990 3244: 3237:Cordery 1996 3215: 3203: 3191: 3179: 3167: 3155: 3143: 3114: 3087: 3075: 3048: 3036: 3024: 3012: 3000: 2988: 2976: 2964: 2952: 2945:Cordery 1996 2909:Anthony 1990 2869:Cordery 1996 2864: 2852: 2840: 2828: 2816: 2804: 2792: 2780: 2768: 2756: 2744: 2737:Cordery 1996 2715: 2686: 2655: 2643: 2631: 2619: 2607: 2595: 2583: 2571: 2559: 2547: 2518: 2506: 2494: 2482: 2475:Cordery 1996 2455: 2448:Cordery 1996 2443: 2431: 2424:Cordery 1996 2419: 2407: 2343: 2331: 2324:Cordery 1996 2319: 2307: 2300:Cordery 1996 2295: 2283: 2271: 2259: 2247: 2235: 2223: 2211: 2199: 2192:Cordery 1996 2168: 2156: 2144: 2111: 2099: 2087: 2075: 2044: 2017: 1986: 1981:, p. 9. 1974: 1950:Cordery 1996 1935:Cordery 1996 1930: 1918: 1906: 1894: 1887:Cordery 1996 1872:Cordery 1996 1855:Anthony 1990 1850: 1838: 1833:, p. 6. 1811: 1799: 1787: 1775: 1768:Cordery 1996 1700:Since 1982, 1699: 1687: 1683: 1669: 1658: 1646: 1639: 1606: 1594: 1583: 1554: 1526:Iguazu Falls 1522:Paraná River 1518:Chichen Itza 1511: 1506: 1502: 1499:fifth cousin 1497:(Theodore's 1488: 1476: 1462: 1427: 1419: 1415: 1398:declared war 1387: 1382:appendectomy 1379: 1371:John Schrank 1356: 1345: 1341: 1312: 1293: 1272: 1256: 1252: 1237: 1226: 1206: 1193: 1178: 1170: 1150: 1129:Belle Hagner 1106: 1090: 1073: 1056: 1048: 1040: 1036: 1015:Panama Canal 999: 988: 973: 967:Earle Looker 963: 954: 934: 930: 901: 886: 862: 845: 833: 801: 789:Rough Riders 778: 763: 755: 726: 715: 694: 661: 649:Theodore III 646: 642: 619: 597:Stone Street 594: 586: 567: 560: 532: 517: 463: 459:Belle Hagner 439: 400: 379: 372: 371: 307:Theodore III 250:(1948-09-30) 203:Succeeded by 174: 157:Succeeded by 124: 105:Succeeded by 72: 29: 7634:1948 deaths 7629:1861 births 7202:, 1940 film 7192:, 1927 film 7172:, 1901 film 6802:(1913 book) 6764:(1882 book) 6379:Kinkaid Act 6351:Hepburn Act 6189:Square Deal 6133:(1895–1897) 6125:(1897–1898) 6117:(1899–1900) 6095:(1901–1909) 6031:Karen Pence 6016:Tipper Gore 5961:Bess Truman 5956:Ilo Wallace 5906:Anna Morton 5676:Bess Truman 5581:Julia Grant 5561:Jane Pierce 5541:Julia Tyler 5362:Linda Odell 4943:Sienna 2014 4931:Sienna 2008 4775:Caroli 2010 4746:Morris 1980 4729:Morris 1980 4717:Morris 1980 4705:Morris 1980 4693:Morris 1980 4681:Morris 1980 4669:Morris 1980 4657:Morris 1980 4645:Morris 1980 4633:Morris 1980 4621:Morris 1980 4609:Morris 1980 4597:Morris 1980 4585:Morris 1980 4556:Morris 1980 4544:Morris 1980 4532:Morris 1980 4520:Morris 1980 4508:Morris 1980 4496:Morris 1980 4484:Morris 1980 4472:Morris 1980 4457:Morris 1980 4430:Morris 1980 4418:Morris 1980 4406:Morris 1980 4394:Morris 1980 4382:Morris 1980 4370:Morris 1980 4358:Morris 1980 4346:Morris 1980 4271:Morris 1980 4238:Morris 1980 4226:Morris 1980 4189:Morris 1980 4177:Morris 1980 4165:Morris 1980 4141:Morris 1980 4117:Morris 1980 4102:Morris 1980 4078:Morris 1980 4039:Caroli 2010 4003:Morris 1980 3991:Morris 1980 3979:Morris 1980 3955:Morris 1980 3907:Morris 1980 3895:Morris 1980 3883:Morris 1980 3871:Morris 1980 3859:Morris 1980 3799:Morris 1980 3763:Caroli 2010 3661:Morris 1980 3601:Morris 1980 3577:Caroli 2010 3477:Morris 1980 3453:Morris 1980 3423:Morris 1980 3411:Morris 1980 3372:Morris 1980 3336:Caroli 2010 3300:Morris 1980 3288:Morris 1980 3249:Morris 1980 3172:Morris 1980 3160:Morris 1980 3119:Morris 1980 3107:Morris 1980 3092:Morris 1980 3080:Morris 1980 3041:Morris 1980 3029:Morris 1980 3005:Morris 1980 2981:Morris 1980 2957:Morris 1980 2928:Caroli 2010 2857:Morris 1980 2845:Morris 1980 2797:Morris 1980 2785:Morris 1980 2773:Morris 1980 2761:Morris 1980 2749:Morris 1980 2720:Morris 1980 2691:Morris 1980 2660:Morris 1980 2648:Morris 1980 2636:Morris 1980 2612:Morris 1980 2600:Morris 1980 2588:Morris 1980 2576:Morris 1980 2564:Morris 1980 2523:Morris 1980 2511:Morris 1980 2487:Morris 1980 2436:Morris 1980 2412:Morris 1980 2348:Morris 1980 2336:Morris 1980 2312:Morris 1980 2288:Morris 1980 2276:Morris 1980 2264:Morris 1980 2252:Morris 1980 2240:Morris 1980 2216:Morris 1980 2173:Morris 1980 2161:Morris 1980 2149:Morris 1980 2116:Caroli 2010 2104:Morris 1980 2092:Morris 1980 2049:Morris 1980 2022:Morris 1980 1923:Morris 1980 1899:Morris 1980 1843:Morris 1980 1816:Morris 1980 1804:Morris 1980 1792:Morris 1980 1780:Morris 1980 1654:Jean Racine 1614:Love Divine 1478:Sumida-gawa 1308:Taft family 799:volunteer. 711:Yellowstone 698:Henry Adams 657:miscarriage 563:White House 447:White House 427:Henry Adams 207:Linda Odell 193:Preceded by 145:Preceded by 93:Preceded by 53: 1903 7623:Categories 7448:(grandson) 7440:(grandson) 7432:(grandson) 7424:(grandson) 7416:(grandson) 7392:(daughter) 7368:(daughter) 7141:Teddy bear 6344:Elkins Act 6298:court case 6143:Presidency 6026:Jill Biden 5991:Betty Ford 5986:Judy Agnew 5946:Caro Dawes 5748:Jill Biden 5733:Laura Bush 5701:Betty Ford 5666:Lou Hoover 5636:Helen Taft 5586:Lucy Hayes 5546:Sarah Polk 5426:Helen Taft 5420:1901–1909 5356:1899–1900 5347:Lois Black 5199:0465071333 5181:(2): 2–11. 4953:References 4880:Gould 2013 4868:Gould 2013 4826:Gould 2013 4802:Gould 2013 4787:Gould 2013 4334:Gould 2013 4129:Gould 2013 4066:Gould 2013 4015:Gould 2013 3847:Gould 2013 3835:Gould 2013 3787:Gould 2013 3775:Gould 2013 3751:Gould 2013 3736:Gould 2013 3724:Gould 2013 3712:Gould 2013 3700:Gould 2013 3688:Gould 2013 3676:Gould 2013 3649:Gould 2013 3625:Gould 2013 3613:Gould 2013 3548:Gould 2013 3536:Gould 2013 3524:Gould 2013 3492:Gould 2013 3387:Gould 2013 3360:Gould 2013 3348:Gould 2013 3276:Gould 2013 3208:Gould 2013 3184:Gould 2013 3053:Gould 2013 3017:Gould 2013 2993:Gould 2013 2969:Gould 2013 2833:Gould 2013 2821:Gould 2013 2809:Gould 2013 2708:Gould 2013 2624:Gould 2013 2540:Gould 2013 2499:Gould 2013 2228:Gould 2013 2204:Gould 2013 2080:Gould 2013 2037:Gould 2013 1991:Gould 2013 1979:Gould 2013 1831:Gould 2013 1117:great seal 1107:After the 916:first lady 630:Oyster Bay 509:Early life 231:1861-08-06 197:Lois Black 48:Portrait, 7496:(brother) 7313:Muckraker 6837:Elections 6810:The Forum 6734:Gravesite 5971:Pat Nixon 5851:Ann Gerry 5696:Pat Nixon 1676:in 1980. 1618:Beethoven 1428:When the 1412:Widowhood 1290:Departure 1224:in 1907. 1102:East Room 1098:East Wing 1094:West Wing 1011:Pine Knot 974:Mayflower 797:Red Cross 733:Archibald 514:Childhood 355:Signature 322:Archibald 82:President 7607:Category 7551:(nephew) 7504:(sister) 7488:(sister) 7480:(mother) 7472:(father) 6744:Writings 6689:Life and 6148:timeline 5793:Category 5771:families 5208:39713794 5073:(1980). 4986:(2010). 4962:(1990). 1664:and the 1597:Portugal 1573:New Deal 1113:Wedgwood 1096:and the 804:war hero 707:Badlands 603:and the 578:scrofula 386:and the 300:Children 184:Governor 7543:(niece) 7528:(uncle) 7254:Related 7240:Elkhorn 7133:culture 7131:Popular 7000:Statues 6550:Cabinet 5781:memoirs 5299:at the 1524:to the 1514:Yucatán 863:As the 774:Quentin 722:Elliott 475:Quentin 336:Parents 327:Quentin 294: 286: 282: 175:In role 125:In role 73:In role 7341:Family 6907:Legacy 6604:events 6106:(1901) 5776:firsts 5726:tenure 5392:Vacant 5370:Vacant 5310:C-SPAN 5279: 5258: 5206: 5196: 5164:C-SPAN 5104: 5083: 5059: 5038: 5017: 4996: 4972: 1628:Legacy 1316:safari 1218:plumes 1164:, the 841:Albany 685:Kermit 312:Kermit 272:Spouse 257:, U.S. 240:, U.S. 7559:(dog) 7408:(son) 7400:(son) 7384:(son) 7376:(son) 7162:Films 7155:Books 7098:(1906 6691:homes 6602:Other 5388:1901 5130:(PDF) 5119:(PDF) 1725:Notes 1601:Haiti 1352:Grace 1282:with 718:Ethel 638:Alice 626:Bamie 380:Carow 317:Ethel 288:( 284: 7557:Pete 7106:1984 7102:1961 7094:USS 6897:1912 6890:1904 6883:1900 6875:1916 6868:1912 6861:1904 6854:1900 6578:1908 6571:1906 6112:33rd 6101:25th 6090:26th 5277:ISBN 5256:ISBN 5204:OCLC 5194:ISBN 5102:ISBN 5081:ISBN 5057:ISBN 5036:ISBN 5015:ISBN 4994:ISBN 4970:ISBN 1652:and 1454:Pará 1241:for 972:USS 709:and 491:1932 485:and 483:1920 245:Died 221:Born 5329:at 5312:'s 5308:at 1620:'s 1536:in 1473:Noh 1369:by 1005:in 839:in 671:in 489:in 481:in 377:née 7625:: 7104:, 7100:, 6255:, 5202:. 5179:12 5177:. 5162:, 4899:^ 4848:^ 4833:^ 4794:^ 4753:^ 4736:^ 4563:^ 4464:^ 4437:^ 4326:^ 4309:^ 4290:^ 4245:^ 4196:^ 4109:^ 4046:^ 3929:^ 3914:^ 3743:^ 3668:^ 3567:^ 3516:^ 3499:^ 3484:^ 3445:^ 3430:^ 3379:^ 3324:^ 3307:^ 3256:^ 3227:^ 3126:^ 3099:^ 3060:^ 2935:^ 2916:^ 2901:^ 2876:^ 2727:^ 2698:^ 2667:^ 2530:^ 2467:^ 2372:^ 2355:^ 2180:^ 2123:^ 2056:^ 2029:^ 1998:^ 1957:^ 1942:^ 1879:^ 1862:^ 1823:^ 1756:^ 1733:^ 1697:. 1493:. 1408:. 1286:. 918:. 860:. 818:. 713:. 553:. 505:. 290:m. 50:c. 7324:" 7320:" 7315:" 7311:" 7288:" 7284:" 7272:" 7268:" 7108:) 6191:" 6187:" 6150:) 6146:( 6070:e 6063:t 6056:v 5827:e 5820:t 5813:v 5457:e 5450:t 5443:v 5285:. 5264:. 5210:. 5110:. 5089:. 5065:. 5044:. 5023:. 5002:. 4978:. 4945:. 4933:. 1210:' 375:( 233:) 229:( 20:)

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Index