1561:"(..) The first man tried was Charles Taylor, the Friendship student from New Jersey. Taylor was tried, found guilty, convicted, and sentenced to $ 100 fine or 30 days hard labor on the York County Prison Farm. The protesters' attorney, an African-American lawyer from Sumter named Ernest A. Finney, then asked the judge to let Taylor's trial be used as a basis for the other nine and the judge agreed. The other nine were then tried, found guilty, and sentenced to the same punishment. Taylor was concerned about possibly losing his athletic scholarship at Friendship, so with the assistance of the NAACP, he paid his bail and was released. The NAACP offered to pay the bail for the remaining nine protesters but they refused, and on February 2, they began serving out their 30-day sentences on the county prison farm. After beginning their sentence on the county farm, the nine protesters were quickly given the appellation "Friendship Nine" by the press, and the case became famous nationwide. Motorcades of other protesters and supporters converged on the prison, and members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) came to Rock Hill and demonstrated; they too were arrested, jailed and refused bail. Over the course of the next year further demonstrations and arrests followed in Rock Hill, as well as in other cities throughout the United States. Protesters across the country adopted the "jail no bail" policy implemented by the Nashville students and the Friendship Nine, and served out their jail sentences rather than helping to subsidize a system that supported segregation and inequality. These acts of heroism by the Friendship Nine and others helped to spur even larger protests like the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in August 1963 and the famous march from Selma to Montgomery in March 1965. (..)"
1647:"(..) At the October 1960 SNCC strategy conference in Atlanta, some activists argue for "Jail-No-Bail" tactics. They take a Gandhian position that paying bail or fines indicates acceptance of an immoral system and validates their own arrests. And by serving their sentences, they dramatize the injustice, intensify the struggle, and gain additional media coverage. There is also a practical component to "Jail-No-Bail." The Movement has little money and most southern Blacks are poor. It is hard to scrape up bail money, and sit-in struggles are faltering — not from lack of volunteers to risk arrest — but from lack of money to bail them out. Moreover, paying fines provides the cops with financial resources that are then used to continue suppressing the freedom struggle. By refusing bail, they render meaningless the no-money-for-bail barrier and by serving time they put financial pressure on local authorities who have to pay the costs of incarcerating them. (..)"
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1619:"(..) In previous sit-ins across the South, protestors were arrested, processed by the police, fined and then released, creating a dubious revenue stream from which many municipalities easily profited. But when the Friendship students went before the judge, they chose to serve their time behind bars. For the first time, not only did the city not collect its $ 100 per person, it actually had to pay to house and feed the men. (..) Word of their action spread like wildfire, receiving national media attention, including the New York Times. The "Jail, No Bail" strategy became the new tactic that helped galvanize the civil rights protest movement. (..)"
597:. On February 12, 1969, a faculty committee chaired by Hanna H. Gray, Associate Professor of History, concluded that no violation of normal appointment procedures had occurred, but recommended that Dixon be offered a one-year terminal reappointment since the resolution of her status had been delayed by the controversy surrounding the decision; Dixon refused. On February 15, the protestors still sitting-in voted to stop. In March 1969, at the decision of university disciplinary committees, forty-two students involved in the Administration Building sit-in were expelled, eighty-one were suspended, and three were placed on probation.
55:
580:, Mrs. Victor Baker sat on a chair over three charges of dynamite, and later moved to her car parked near the dynamite. She blocked the construction of a state highway for 17 hours to protest the failure of the county government to pay the entirety of the amount owed her and her husband for the additional right-of-way taken from her home and orchard along the construction route. The county had planned to pay a week later, after the state sent the funds. On the morning of June 2, the county highway commissioner came by with a check for an additional $ 1,500 and she ended the protest.
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Protesters agitated not only against the citizenship issues of the CAA, National
Register of Citizens (NRC) and National Population Register (NPR), but also against police brutality, unemployment, poverty and for women's safety. Mainly consisting of Muslim women, the protesters at Shaheen Bagh, since December 14, 2019, blocked a road in New Delhi using non-violent resistance for 101 days until March 24, 2020.
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337:, a local high school teacher, and young local students, including Luper's eight-year-old daughter, who suggested the sit-in be held. The group quickly desegregated the Katz Drug Store lunch counters. It took several more years, but she and the students, using the tactic, integrated all of Oklahoma City's eating establishments. Today, in downtown
81:, often to promote political, social, or economic change. The protestors gather conspicuously in a space or building, refusing to move unless their demands are met. The often clearly visible demonstrations are intended to spread awareness among the public, or disrupt the goings-on of the protested organization. Lunch counter sit-ins were a
486:'s segregated campus housing policy. "We feel it is an intolerable situation, when Negro and white students of the university cannot live together in university-owned apartments," Sanders told a crowd of about 200 students. After several days of protests, Beadle met with students to form a commission to investigate discrimination.
198:, then tried to order; all were refused. The police were called, but when they arrived they told the management that no laws were being broken, so no arrests were made. The diner closed for the night but thereafter, according to periodic checks made by CORE activists, it no longer enforced its discriminatory policy.
341:, a statue depicting a waitress at a counter serving people honors this pioneering sit-in. Despite the notable attention that has historically been given to the 1960 Greensboro sit-in, the 1958 Katz Drug Store sit-in in fact employed the same strategy that would be used in Greensboro one-and-a-half years later.
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NAACP, reported to the
Flagstaff City Council that none of the youths had been served and that there had been no violence. Watkins also stated that unless the restaurant had a change in policy, more sit ins would be staged, "but whatever methods we employ or encourage will be peaceful." Simms stated in an
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of New York City stamped applications by physically handicapped applicants with "PH", which stood for "physically handicapped". Marked as "unemployable", they were denied access to WPA-created jobs. To protest, members of the League held a sit-in at that Home Relief Bureau for nine days beginning on
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The NAACP recruited 10 high school and middle school students from
Flagstaff Junior High School and Flagstaff High School to protest the refusal of the El Charro Cafe to serve a bus load of Negro tourists from New Jersey. Shirley Sims, a 14-year-old member of the NAACP Youth Corp at Flagstaff Junior
280:
newspaper ran a story featuring Arthur
Nattans Sr., then President of Read's, who was quoted saying, "We will serve all customers throughout our entire stores, including the fountains, and this becomes effective immediately". As a result, 37 Baltimore-area lunch counters became desegregated. Despite
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On May 2, 1965, protesters staged a second sit-in at Dewey's, although this time there were no arrests. Soon after the second sit-in, Dewey's
Restaurant reversed their discriminatory policy. The Dewey's sit-ins helped continue the path towards equal rights for many LGBT people in the United States.
423:
sit-in demonstration. Each of the youth members were given $ 5 with the instructions to go inside and sit down. If they were able to order a meal they would pay for it, if not they would sit there. Reportedly, none of the members were served. Joseph
Watkins, an official of the Arizona Branch of the
303:, sat in at the Royal Ice Cream Parlor on June 23, 1957, to protest practices of segregation. The activists were arrested and charged with trespassing. Their efforts are now recognized via historical markers in Durham. They went to court three times; each case ended in their being found guilty.
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was a sit-in peaceful protest, led by women, that began in response to the passage of the
Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) in both houses of the Parliament of India on December 11, 2019, and the ensuing police intervention against students at Jamia Millia Islamia who were opposing the Amendment.
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community in United States history. Three unidentified teenagers and approximately 150 supporters walked into the Dewey's location at 219 South 17th Street, refusing to leave in the name of civil rights. This initial sit-in was in response to Dewey's recently implemented discriminatory policy
239:(1950) verdict. Sit-ins are often recognized for illuminating the goals of the movement in a way that young people were also able to participate in. Sit-ins were an integral part of the nonviolent strategy of civil disobedience and mass protests that eventually led to passage of the
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They were students at
Friendship College and called themselves the Friendship Nine. The members of this group were James Wells, William "Dub" Massey, Robert McCullough, John Gaines, William "Scoop" Williamson, Willie McLeod, Thomas Gaither, Clarence Graham, Charles Taylor and Mack
866:
a number of sit-in protests against the country's policy of racial segregation were staged in South
African embassies in the United States. In post-apartheid South Africa two notable sit-ins were the occupation of South African universities to protest high tuition during the
375:, on February 1, 1960, launched a wave of anti-segregation sit-ins across the South and opened a national awareness of the depth of segregation in the nation. Within weeks, sit-in campaigns had begun in nearly a dozen cities, primarily targeting Woolworth's and
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Dharna generally refers to fixing one's mind on an object. It refers to whole-heartedly pledging toward an outcome or to inculcating a directed attitude. Dharna is consciously and diligently holding a point of view with the intent of achieving a goal.
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activity has been concentrated, and groups went into the place, purchased five-cent cups of coffee, and conducted what might be described as a kind of customers' nickel sit down strike. Other patrons were unable to find seats.
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May 29, 1935, and a weekend sit-in at the WPA headquarters, also in New York City, in June 1935. These actions eventually led to the creation of 1,500 jobs for physically handicapped workers in New York City in 1936.
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town centre where members pasted posters on the post office in an attempt to be arrested and go to trial. When it became apparent that they would not be arrested for the posters, they then moved to Pont
Trefechan in
552:, which was the first U.S. federal civil rights protection for people with disabilities. After an ultimatum and deadline, demonstrations took place in ten U.S. cities on April 5, 1977, including the beginning of the
998:
More recently, there are designated places for conducting Dharna, and a permission is required for it. Often, those practicing dharna break the permission leading to clashes with law enforcement. For example, the
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claiming it would not serve “homosexuals,” “masculine women,” “feminine men,” or “persons wearing nonconformist clothing.” Philadelphia police arrested the three teenagers, which led to further grass-roots action.
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in 1961. The group gained nationwide attention because they followed the Nashville student's strategy of not bailing themselves out of jail and called it "Jail, No Bail", which lessened the huge financial burden
273:
sit-in lasted less than one half an hour and the students were not served. They left voluntarily and no one was arrested. After losing business from the sit-in and several local protests, two days later the
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and protest. There were also recorded instances of indigenous officials charged with recruitment quotas for the British Indian Army staging dharna as a recruitment tool in Punjab during World War I.
281:
also being led by students and successfully targeting segregation at a store lunch counter, the Read's Drug Store sit-in did not garner the same level of attention as the 1960 Greensboro sit-ins.
1588:"The 'Jail, No Bail' strategy became a new tactic in the fight for civil rights. Documentary produced by South Carolina ETV documenting the key moment in civil rights history." (Video and Audio)
325:, at Dockum Drugs, a store in the old Rexall chain. In early August, the drugstore became integrated, then remainder of Dockum stores in all of Kansas. A few weeks later on August 19, 1958, in
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Eight Negro Demonstrators is a disciplinary cell at the York County Prison Camp accepted and ate second helpings Monday of the full meal given every third day to prisoners on bread and water.
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A group of the Democrats ultimately occupied the floor through the night, only leaving on the afternoon of June 23. None of the measures demanded by the occupying members were given a vote.
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organised dharna in Pakistan in 1993, Fazl Ur Rehman, Nawaz Sharif, Maryam Safdar awan and other political and religious leaders are now attempting to use this strategy for their purposes.
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On April 25, 1965, the first of two sit-ins occurred at the popular Dewey's Restaurant in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was one of the earliest demonstrations advocating for the
190:, an organizer for the Fellowship of Reconciliation, led a group of 27 people to protest the racially discriminatory no-service policy of the Jack Spratt Diner on 47th Street in
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groups were facing as the sit-in movement spread across the South. They became known as the Friendship Nine because eight of the nine men were students at Rock Hill's
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386:, whose groundwork was already underway before the Greensboro events. They involved hundreds of participants, and led to the successful desegregation of Nashville
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as a means of obtaining compliance with a demand for justice, state response of criminal cases, or payment of a debt. The word originates from the Sanskrit word
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2062:"The Regents of the University of California. 2008. "The Disability Rights and Independent Living Movement." Berkeley, CA: The University of California Berkeley"
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local recruiters adopted a method of "sitting dharna" in which they would show up at a village and insist they be fed and housed until recruits were produced
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194:. Each seating area at the diner was taken by groups that included at least one black person. The peaceful patrons, several from the campus of the nearby
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1744:; Goldberger, David (December 2000). "The League of the Physically Handicapped and the Great Depression: A Case Study in the New Disability History".
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Dylan Philps. "history of the welsh language society" in The Welsh Language in the Twentieth Century. Ed. by G.H. Jenkins and M.W. Williams. Page 471
564:, lasted until May 4, 1977, a total of 25 days, with more than 150 people refusing to leave. It is the longest sit-in at a federal building to date.
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article in 2017 that, "it wasn't scary because a lot of the people who frequented that restaurant were our teachers, and they encouraged us."
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started on August 14, 2014, and ended on December 17, 2014. It is considered to be the longest-lasting public sit-in in Pakistan's history.
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believes that forcibly taking over a building on campus is absolutely the wrong approach. That is not an example of peaceful protests."
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168:, Local 302, in September 1939 to protest racially unfair hiring practices at New York's Shack Sandwich Shops, Inc. According to
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tells the inspiring story surrounding the 1960 Greensboro lunch counter sit-ins that helped revitalize the Civil Rights Movement
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329:, a nationally recognized sit-in at the Katz Drug Store lunch counter occurred. The Oklahoma City Sit-in Movement was led by
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269:(now University) students and the Baltimore chapter of CORE. Their goal was to desegregate Read's drug stores. The peaceful
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for September 23, 1939, on Thursday between 75 and 100 followers showed up at the restaurant at Forty-first Street and
1969:
406:, went on to lead, strategize, and direct almost every aspect of the 1960s civil rights movement. The students of the
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Yong, Tan Tai (2005). "Garrison Province at Work". In Chandra, Bipan; Mukherjee, Mridula; Mukherjee, Aditya (eds.).
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both in and out of the United States. In response to the demonstrations, the White House spokesman stated, "The
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In 1969 there was a sit-in at the University of Chicago to protest the firing of feminist sociology professor
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2139:"Political Organizer for Disability Rights, 1970s-1990s, and Strategist for Section 504 Demonstrations, 1977"
1851:"Plea by Disabled Put to WPA Chief; New York Group, Camping in Washington, Will Consult Williams Again Today"
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and other supporters circulated approximately 1500 flyers throughout the local area over the next five days.
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office, which resulted in them getting the opportunity to produce a section of the magazine that August.
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at the San Francisco Office of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. This sit-in, led by
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2083:"Disability Social History Project, article title Famous (and not-so-famous) People with Disabilities"
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900:, where around seventy members and supporters held a sit-in blocking road traffic for half an hour.
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1970:"The Rehabilitation Act of 1973: Independence Bound | ACL Administration for Community Living"
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Sisterhood is powerful: an anthology of writings from the women's liberation movement (Book, 1970)
911:, by members of the Welsh Language Society. The sit-in was calling for the BBC to use more Welsh.
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1141:"Of Time and Sound, Requiem For A Free, Compassionate Spirit", by Ernest Galloway, published in
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This sit-in for the purpose of integrating segregated establishments began on July 19, 1958, in
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In 1968 a sit-in was held at the news and television studio and the newsroom department of the
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which ended legally sanctioned racial segregation in the United States and also passage of the
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as "Godmother of the restaurant 'sit-in' technique." In August 1939, African-American attorney
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2721:. Sage Series in Modern Indian History-VIII. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. p. 134
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proposed to use dharna politics for obtaining objectives and latter on Qazi Hussain Ahmed and
548:, U.S. Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare, refused to sign meaningful regulations for
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390:. Most of the participants in the Nashville sit-ins were college students, and many, such as
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2391:"Philly's largest gay hangout denied service to 150 people in 1965 for simply 'looking gay'"
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was a group of African American men who went to jail after staging a sit-in at a segregated
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that struck down many racially motivated barriers used to deny voting rights to non-whites.
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A "Statement on the University of Chicago sit-in" was included in the feminist anthology
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1129:"Sit-Ins." The Martin Luther King Jr., Research and Education Institute, June 27, 2020,
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The Garrison State: the military, government and society in colonial Punjab 1849-1947
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Sisterhood is Powerful: An Anthology of Writings From The Women's Liberation Movement
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At another early sit-in, the "Royal Seven," a group of three women and four men from
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1305:"Why the West Side Matters: Read's Drug Store and Baltimore's Civil Rights Heritage"
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1934:(January 2000). "Disability Policy and Politics: Considering Consumer Influence".
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1533:. Friendship Jr. College 445 Allen St. Rock Hill, South Carolina. Archived from
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89:, and often provoked heckling and violence from those opposed to their message.
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1095:
1030:
1026:
984:
754:
began to conduct a sit-in on the university's campus, demanding the university
557:
533:
475:
300:
210:
150:
126:
59:
2474:"How the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Drove a Wedge Into the Democratic Party"
2284:
Significant Others: Interpersonal and Professional Commitments in Anthropology
2040:
Rehabilitation Research & Training Center on Independent Living Management
1992:
Rehabilitation Research & Training Center on Independent Living Management
1906:
Rehabilitation Research & Training Center on Independent Living Management
6005:
5962:
5892:
5740:
5606:
5429:
5359:
5264:
5114:
5049:
5034:
5024:
4984:
4909:
4899:
4859:
4844:
4734:
4724:
4684:
4634:
4509:
4434:
4404:
3550:
3470:
2572:
2485:
1335:
920:
831:
817:
717:
701:
697:
594:
525:
444:
387:
360:
326:
230:
226:
206:
179:
157:
146:
74:
1572:"Jail, No Bail' Idea Stymied Cities' Profiting From Civil Rights Protesters"
796:
5922:
5902:
5424:
5379:
5374:
5334:
5169:
5149:
5104:
5039:
4974:
4959:
4874:
4864:
4819:
4769:
4759:
4749:
4719:
4714:
4704:
4689:
4649:
4584:
4564:
4559:
4539:
4534:
4524:
4484:
4439:
4409:
3792:
1814:"The Brooklyn Daily Eagle from Brooklyn, New York on May 13, 1936 · Page 4"
1773:
868:
843:
783:
607:
536:, eighty activists staged this sit-in on Madison Avenue, stopping traffic.
453:
441:
403:
2021:
410:
in the city played a critical role in implementing the Nashville sit-ins.
125:(CORE) conducted sit-ins as early as the 1940s. Ernest Calloway refers to
5942:
5912:
5539:
5503:
5444:
5439:
5399:
5349:
5284:
5279:
5189:
5139:
5069:
5064:
5004:
4989:
4839:
4834:
4699:
4579:
4549:
4489:
4454:
3715:
3545:
3460:
2310:"The 'Ladies' Home Journal' Sit-In - A Brief History of Women's Protests"
2267:
1630:
1090:
1065:
1050:
942:
897:
892:
693:
610:, published in 1970); this statement refers to the Marlene Dixon sit-in.
532:
demonstrated in New York City with a sit-in protesting this veto. Led by
508:
503:
in New York City was formed in May 1935 to protest discrimination by the
395:
334:
316:
2513:"White House denounces takeover of campus building as protests escalate"
854:'s sit-in was the more long-lasting sit-in, but on an individual level.
5566:
5224:
5154:
5124:
4994:
4969:
4914:
4814:
4429:
4399:
1765:
988:
823:
561:
553:
420:
391:
82:
875:
to protest for the resettlement of refugees to third countries due to
5544:
5014:
4999:
1331:"Read's drugstore flap brings Baltimore civil rights history to life"
1156:"America's First Sit-Down Strike: The 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-In"
863:
767:
658:
1757:
1274:
10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.001.0001/acrefore-9780199329175-e-445
4904:
2339:
1100:
1054:
979:
Historically in India, it was a popular form of protest during the
792:
213:
Colleges organized the first sit-in in Texas in the rotunda of the
156:
In one of the earliest use of sit-ins against racism, followers of
2790:
1501:"Associated Press'Sing-In' Negroes Eat Hearty; Say 'Jail—No Bail'"
738:
helped clear the way for gay premises with state liquor licenses.
661:, allowed votes on gun safety legislation in the aftermath of the
5493:
1105:
961:
908:
746:
In April of 2024, student activists at Columbia University, with
191:
78:
5561:
2769:~ History, personal stories, and photos of the Freedom Movement
2641:"Family members hold dharna under tree where girls were hanged"
2006:
1060:
1046:
964:
undertaken at the door of an offender, especially a debtor, in
927:
730:
at 10th Street. This established the right of gay people to be
363:
sit-ins, the tactic of non-violent student sit-ins spread. The
960:: دهرنا) is a non-violent sit-in protest, which may include a
842:(PAT) are political, aiming at a probe of election rigging by
638:
4296:
1876:
The Disability Rights Movement: From Charity to Confrontation
965:
953:
938:
1410:"Dockum Drug Store Sit-In, May 10 2012 - Video - C-SPAN.org"
2101:
957:
791:
In 2016, eco-protesters occupied the area of the Kertem in
688:
382:
The largest and best-organized of these campaigns were the
2376:"Marc Stein: Dewey's Sit-In, Philadelphia, April 25, 1965"
2355:"House Democrats End Their Sit-In Protest Over Gun Reform"
1245:
Grossman, Ron (February 24, 2014). "Birth of the sit-in".
482:, helped lead a sit-in in protesting university president
2623:"Sit-in at BBC Welsh studios – archive, 30 November 1968"
904:
419:
High School, accepted the invitation to participate in a
77:
that involves one or more people occupying an area for a
2766:
741:
460:. They are sometimes referred to as the Rock Hill Nine.
5746:
Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
5524:"Woke Up This Morning (With My Mind Stayed On Freedom)"
2538:"Pakistan crisis: Islamabad sees more violent protests"
2179:"Playing with Dynamite has asked result: $ 1,500 check"
1131:
https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/encyclopedia/sit-ins
919:"Dharna" redirects here. For the village in Nepal, see
891:'s first public protest took place in February 1963 in
653:
declared their intention to remain on the floor of the
649:
The sit-in began on June 22, 2016, when members of the
621:
In March 1970, feminists held an 11-hour sit-in at the
463:
5770:
African American founding fathers of the United States
4123:
Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement
3988:
John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights
2205:"CWLU Chronology: A timeline for Second Wave Feminism"
1880:. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 906.
85:
form of protest used to oppose segregation during the
3595:
2075:
700:, extended support to the protesters. Members of the
5818:
Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument
1531:"Rock Hill, Jail No Bail & The Friendship Nine"
762:. Columbia's demonstration influenced protests and
50:
A sit-in for climate action in Melbourne, Australia
39:during a 1961 sit-in at McCrory's lunch counter in
2667:. Concept Publishing Company. 2008. pp. 38–.
1873:
1740:
645:2016 United States House of Representatives sit-in
2416:"Before the Stonewall Riots There Was the Sip-In"
431:
306:
261:One of the earliest lunch counter sit-ins of the
6003:
4354:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
2561:"Apartheid Protest Takes Page from 60's History"
1631:"Rock Hill SC, "Jail-No-Bail" Sit-ins (Feb-Mar)"
1399:, October 21, 2006. Accessed September 15, 2010.
1266:Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History
1007:In Pakistan, the term was first used in 1958 by
344:
225:in Texas and would culminate in the reversal of
4344:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
4277:Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights
4168:Green v. County School Board of New Kent County
2755:"Sit-In: A Tactical Analysis", By Aaron Kreider
807:
145:(CIO) labor delegates had a brief, spontaneous
5823:Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument
2620:
1872:Fleischer, Doris Zames; Zames, Frieda (2001).
1871:
284:
5731:List of lynching victims in the United States
4069:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
3581:
2806:
2757:– Essay based on research on student sit-ins.
1980:
1244:
550:Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
489:
221:. This sit-in directly challenged the oldest
3509:International Civil Rights Center and Museum
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
1555:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
613:
408:historically black colleges and universities
4198:Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights
2274:
2165:Encyclopedia of American Disability History
2159:Encyclopedia of American Disability History
726:of New York (MSNY) conducted a "Sip-In" at
639:2016 United States House of Representatives
379:and other stores of other national chains.
250:
4247:Council for United Civil Rights Leadership
3588:
3574:
2813:
2799:
2558:
2434:
568:signed the regulations on April 28, 1977.
5803:Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument
3354:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
2559:Gamarekian, Barbara (November 30, 1984).
2335:"How Democrats mounted their guns sit-in"
2287:. Univ of Wisconsin Press. pp. 36–.
2223:
1714:
1689:"The Radical Education of Bernie Sanders"
1260:Schmidt, Christopher W. (July 30, 2018),
671:
6017:History of African-American civil rights
5838:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change
3878:University of Georgia desegregation riot
2708:
2681:
2207:. Uic.edu. April 4, 1968. Archived from
2054:
2028:
1930:
1924:
1894:
1734:
1658:"The Friendship Nine / January 31, 1961"
1576:South Carolina ETV's "Carolina Stories."
1426:
932:
795:in protest against the building plan in
782:
722:On April 21, 1966, gay activists of the
233:of postgraduate studies in Texas by the
102:
53:
45:
31:
5752:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence
5489:"If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus"
5484:"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round"
2280:
1686:
1302:
1259:
822:The Azadi March (Freedom March) led by
778:
732:served in licensed premises in New York
14:
6004:
5666:African-American women in the movement
4118:White House Conference on Civil Rights
3949:"Segregation now, segregation forever"
2694:. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 1–.
2471:
2440:
2347:
2307:
655:United States House of Representatives
4107:Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
3569:
2794:
2763:– Story of the Wichita Dockum sit-ins
2592:
2492:from the original on February 7, 2024
2373:
2238:"Special Collections Research Center"
1865:
1830:
1786:
1507:. Associated Press. February 21, 1961
1328:
814:2014 Pakistan anti-government protest
742:Protests against the Israel-Hamas War
588:
539:
515:
494:
5875:St. Augustine Foot Soldiers Monument
4339:Regional Council of Negro Leadership
4287:Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
4233:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights
3710:Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company
3635:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore
3344:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights
2714:
2687:
2621:Guardian Staff (November 30, 2016).
2388:
1936:Journal of Disability Policy Studies
1628:
1605:. South Carolina ETV. Archived from
1529:Scoggins, Michael, Rawlinson David.
1528:
1450:First Southern Sit-in, Greensboro NC
1393:"Kansas Sit-In Gets Its Due at Last"
1158:. City of Alexandria. Archived from
1029:but its effective usage was made by
676:
633:
583:
501:League of the Physically Handicapped
464:1962 University of Chicago, Illinois
162:International Peace Mission Movement
143:Congress of Industrial Organizations
4282:Lowndes County Freedom Organization
4218:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
3888:Robert F. Kennedy's Law Day Address
2820:
2779:Sit-ins: Greensboro, North Carolina
2149:
1908:. Temple University. Archived from
1843:
1780:
1385:
1380:Royal Ice Cream Sit-in — Durham, NC
1356:
571:
24:
5726:African-American churches attacked
4292:Montgomery Improvement Association
4267:Georgia Council on Human Relations
4252:Council of Federated Organizations
4223:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
3981:16th Street Baptist Church bombing
3939:Meredith enrollment, Ole Miss riot
3745:1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
3649:McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents
2643:. The Indian Express. June 9, 2014
2593:Booth, Hannah (October 30, 2015).
2510:
2281:Handler, Richard (June 15, 2004).
1721:The University of Chicago Magazine
1427:Backburn, Bob L. (July 29, 2018).
1329:Gunts, Edward (February 8, 2011).
25:
6048:
5798:Birmingham Civil Rights Institute
5671:Jews in the civil rights movement
2739:
2472:Barkan, Ross (February 7, 2024).
2308:Gibson, Megan (August 12, 2011).
2014:"Short History of the 504 Sit in"
1635:The Civil Rights Movement Archive
882:
873:Greenmarket Square refugee sit-in
748:Students for Justice in Palestine
5992:Civil rights movement portal
5985:
5833:Freedom Riders National Monument
5575:The Kingdom of God Is Within You
4087:1965 Selma to Montgomery marches
4046:1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests
3933:Second Emancipation Proclamation
2389:Buck, Stephanie (May 19, 2017).
1715:Perlstein, Rick (January 2015).
1303:Pousson, Eli (January 7, 2011).
711:
528:in October 1972. Later in 1972,
97:
6027:Nonviolent resistance movements
5860:Mississippi Civil Rights Museum
5848:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
4324:National Council of Negro Women
4262:Deacons for Defense and Justice
3315:Audubon Regional Library sit-in
2787:, Civil Rights Digital Library.
2781:, Civil Rights Digital Library.
2775:, Civil Rights Digital Library.
2655:
2633:
2614:
2605:
2586:
2552:
2530:
2504:
2465:
2441:Watson, Steve (June 17, 2008).
2408:
2382:
2367:
2327:
2301:
2252:
2197:
2171:
2131:
1962:
1824:
1806:
1746:The Journal of American History
1708:
1680:
1650:
1622:
1591:
1564:
1522:
1493:
1479:
1476:~ Civil Rights Movement Archive
1467:
1464:~ Civil Rights Movement Archive
1462:Sit-ins Spread Across the South
1455:
1452:~ Civil Rights Movement Archive
1443:
1420:
1402:
1382:~ Civil Rights Movement Archive
1373:
1350:
1322:
1309:Baltimore Heritage Organization
857:
3740:Mansfield school desegregation
3379:Peterson v. City of Greenville
2374:Stein, Marc (April 20, 2015).
1793:International Socialist Review
1296:
1253:
1238:
1212:
1187:
1174:
1148:
1135:
1123:
657:until its Republican Speaker,
432:1961 Rock Hill, South Carolina
307:1958 Wichita and Oklahoma City
13:
1:
5870:National Voting Rights Museum
5813:Civil Rights Movement Archive
5612:Lynching in the United States
5499:"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize"
3954:Stand in the Schoolhouse Door
3927:University of Chicago sit-ins
3694:Davis v. Prince Edward County
3303:University of Chicago sit-ins
2785:Sit-ins: Nashville, Tennessee
2767:Civil Rights Movement Archive
2540:. BBC. BBC. September 1, 2014
2109:"EDGE - Curriculum - Biology"
2036:"Disability History Timeline"
1988:"Disability History Timeline"
1902:"Disability History Timeline"
1687:Frizell, Sam (May 26, 2015).
1117:
764:sit-ins at other universities
505:Works Progress Administration
470:University of Chicago sit-ins
345:1960 Greensboro and Nashville
5865:National Civil Rights Museum
5721:March on Washington Movement
5706:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
4175:Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
981:Indian independence movement
808:2014 anti-government protest
119:Fellowship of Reconciliation
60:Taiwanese executive assembly
7:
5509:"This Little Light of Mine"
4257:Dallas County Voters League
4203:Atlanta Negro Voters League
3966:Letter from Birmingham Jail
3673:Brown v. Board of Education
3371:Gober v. City of Birmingham
2746:Award Winning Documentary:
1040:
802:
285:1957 Durham, North Carolina
123:Congress of Racial Equality
92:
58:Human rights sit-in at the
10:
6053:
5843:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
5711:Holt Street Baptist Church
5681:16th Street Baptist Church
4665:Annie Bell Robinson Devine
4309:Nashville Student Movement
4239:An Appeal for Human Rights
3339:Nashville Student Movement
2688:Guha, Ramachandra (2013).
1948:10.1177/104420730001100111
1474:Nashville Student Movement
925:
918:
834:(Revolution March) led by
811:
773:
715:
680:
663:Orlando nightclub shooting
642:
522:Rehabilitation Act of 1973
490:Disability rights movement
467:
373:Greensboro, North Carolina
348:
310:
288:
265:was started by a group of
254:
215:Harrison County Courthouse
205:and Farmer, students from
201:With the encouragement of
164:joined with the Cafeteria
106:
5981:
5883:
5785:
5599:
5532:
5474:
5453:
5340:Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson
5310:Modjeska Monteith Simkins
4382:
4374:Women's Political Council
4369:Wednesdays in Mississippi
4364:United Auto Workers (UAW)
4349:Southern Regional Council
4319:Northern Student Movement
4228:Committee for Freedom Now
4188:
4135:Memphis sanitation strike
4101:Voting Rights Act of 1965
4023:
3844:Savannah Protest Movement
3806:
3664:
3625:Journey of Reconciliation
3617:
3604:
3484:
3453:
3443:Hamm v. City of Rock Hill
3403:Bouie v. City of Columbia
3362:
3331:
3324:
3283:
2900:
2836:Alexandria Library sit-in
2828:
2773:Sit-ins: Atlanta, Georgia
914:
696:, president of the local
458:Friendship Junior College
449:Rock Hill, South Carolina
245:Voting Rights Act of 1965
149:sit-in during their 1947
135:Alexandria Library sit-in
4208:Atlanta Student Movement
4157:Civil Rights Act of 1968
4082:1964–1965 Scripto strike
4063:Civil Rights Act of 1964
3961:1963 Birmingham campaign
3854:Civil Rights Act of 1960
3778:Civil Rights Act of 1957
3435:Barr v. City of Columbia
3349:Atlanta Student Movement
2872:Dockum Drug Store sit-in
2860:Read's Drug Store sit-in
2761:Almost-Forgotten History
1226:. US. September 23, 1939
926:Not to be confused with
828:Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
524:was vetoed by President
520:An early version of the
478:, then a student at the
313:Dockum Drug Store sit-in
251:1955 Baltimore, Maryland
241:Civil Rights Act of 1964
5760:Voter Education Project
5514:"We Shall Not Be Moved"
5175:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
4610:Josephine Dobbs Clement
4036:Chester school protests
4031:Twenty-fourth Amendment
3993:Detroit Walk to Freedom
3735:Tallahassee bus boycott
3656:Baton Rouge bus boycott
3395:Avent v. North Carolina
1717:"A political education"
1361:. baltimoreheritage.org
1145:, May 12, 1966, Page 7.
836:Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
651:House Democratic Caucus
277:Baltimore Afro-American
5973:Movement photographers
5215:Bernice Johnson Reagon
4935:Martin Luther King Sr.
4930:Martin Luther King Jr.
4500:William Holmes Borders
4272:Highlander Folk School
4162:Poor People's Campaign
4015:St. Augustine movement
3865:Gomillion v. Lightfoot
3788:Katz Drug Store sit-in
3759:Royal Ice Cream sit-in
3721:Montgomery bus boycott
3172:Corpus Christi sit-ins
3106:St. Petersburg sit-ins
2944:Elizabeth City sit-ins
2884:Katz Drug Store sit-in
2866:Royal Ice Cream sit-in
2046:. 2002. Archived from
1998:. 2002. Archived from
1637:. Westwind Writers Inc
1505:The Spartanburg Herald
1200:. September 23, 1939.
945:
889:Welsh Language Society
788:
752:Jewish Voice for Peace
672:LGBTQ+ rights movement
578:Door County, Wisconsin
414:1963 Flagstaff Arizona
291:Royal Ice Cream sit-in
62:
51:
43:
6022:Nonviolent occupation
5808:Civil Rights Memorial
5696:Bethel Baptist Church
5345:Charles Kenzie Steele
4790:Audrey Faye Hendricks
4695:Myrlie Evers-Williams
4675:Patricia Stephens Due
4645:Abraham Lincoln Davis
4580:Colia Lafayette Clark
4334:Operation Breadbasket
4329:National Urban League
4076:Katzenbach v. McClung
3944:Atlanta's Berlin Wall
3597:Civil rights movement
3178:St. Augustine sit-ins
3100:Daytona Beach sit-ins
2926:Winston-Salem sit-ins
2878:Oklahoma City sit-ins
2113:disabilityhistory.org
2050:on December 20, 2013.
2024:on September 9, 2016.
2002:on December 20, 2013.
1397:National Public Radio
1262:"The Sit-In Movement"
1049:, peace campaigns by
936:
840:Pakistan Awami Tehrik
786:
480:University of Chicago
263:Civil Rights Movement
229:in the state and the
196:University of Chicago
131:Samuel Wilbert Tucker
109:Civil rights movement
103:Civil rights movement
87:civil rights movement
57:
49:
35:
27:Form of direct action
5853:other King memorials
5828:Freedom Rides Museum
5765:1960s counterculture
5716:Edmund Pettus Bridge
5395:Walter Francis White
5300:Alexander D. Shimkin
3814:New Year's Day March
3783:Ministers' Manifesto
3630:Executive Order 9981
3387:Lombard v. Louisiana
3154:Jacksonville sit-ins
2920:Fayetteville sit-ins
2664:Rediscovering Gandhi
2183:Door County Advocate
2089:on February 27, 2018
1912:on December 20, 2013
1609:on December 19, 2011
1537:on November 17, 2011
1076:Occupation (protest)
1001:Shaheen Bagh protest
852:Concepcion Picciotto
779:Eco-protest movement
624:Ladies' Home Journal
616:Ladies' Home Journal
576:On June 1, 1955, in
267:Morgan State College
223:White Citizens Party
178:, where most of the
5591:Mary McLeod Bethune
5552:Sermon on the Mount
5519:"We Shall Overcome"
5100:William Lewis Moore
4880:Frank Minis Johnson
4855:Richie Jean Jackson
4810:Donald L. Hollowell
4615:Charles E. Cobb Jr.
4420:Gwendolyn Armstrong
4415:William G. Anderson
4395:Victoria Gray Adams
4359:The Freedom Singers
4213:Black Panther Party
3998:March on Washington
3911:Garner v. Louisiana
3872:Boynton v. Virginia
3519:Tallahassee jail-in
3427:Robinson v. Florida
3411:Griffin v. Maryland
3309:Woolworth's sit-ins
3226:Baton Rouge sit-ins
3184:Statesville sit-ins
3160:San Antonio sit-ins
3136:Little Rock sit-ins
3130:New Orleans sit-ins
3034:Chattanooga sit-ins
3016:Chapel Hill sit-ins
2998:Tallahassee sit-ins
2691:Gandhi Before India
2360:The Huffington Post
2119:on January 23, 2015
1664:. February 22, 2004
1359:"Read's Drug Store"
1184:March 17, 1947: 16)
1086:Picketing (protest)
758:in response to the
484:George Wells Beadle
331:NAACP Youth Council
139:racially segregated
6012:Civil disobedience
5908:Michael Eric Dyson
5793:In popular culture
5676:Fifth Circuit Four
5660:Loving v. Virginia
5653:Hernandez v. Texas
5632:Buchanan v. Warley
5624:Separate but equal
5618:Plessy v. Ferguson
5581:Frederick Douglass
5415:Robert F. Williams
5325:Kelly Miller Smith
5305:Fred Shuttlesworth
5230:Frederick D. Reese
5210:George Raymond Jr.
5200:A. Philip Randolph
5180:Fay Bellamy Powell
5095:Queen Mother Moore
4980:Z. Alexander Looby
4925:Coretta Scott King
4870:Barbara Rose Johns
4850:Jimmie Lee Jackson
4775:William E. Harbour
4555:Stokely Carmichael
4470:Randolph Blackwell
4140:King assassination
4129:Loving v. Virginia
4113:March Against Fear
4093:How Long, Not Long
3971:Children's Crusade
3922:Cambridge movement
3859:Ax Handle Saturday
3824:Greensboro sit-ins
3751:Give Us the Ballot
3541:Biracial committee
3268:Starkville sit-ins
3250:Darlington sit-ins
3238:Birmingham sit-ins
3208:Wilmington sit-ins
3076:Petersburg sit-ins
3064:Orangeburg sit-ins
3058:Montgomery sit-ins
3022:Charleston sit-ins
2974:Portsmouth sit-ins
2956:High Point sit-ins
2908:Greensboro sit-ins
2565:The New York Times
2478:The New York Times
2443:"Before Stonewall"
2420:The New York Times
2240:. Lib.uchicago.edu
2211:on October 5, 2014
1831:Rosenthal, Keith.
1787:Rosenthal, Keith.
1578:. The PBS NewsHour
1224:The New York Times
1197:The New York Times
993:civil disobedience
946:
789:
756:divest from Israel
724:Mattachine Society
589:1969 Marlene Dixon
540:1977 San Francisco
530:Disabled in Action
516:1972 New York City
509:Home Relief Bureau
495:1935 New York City
365:Greensboro sit-ins
351:Greensboro sit-ins
171:The New York Times
63:
52:
44:
5999:
5998:
5776:Eyes on the Prize
5691:A.G. Gaston Motel
5686:Kelly Ingram Park
5646:Sweatt v. Painter
5330:Mary Louise Smith
5290:Cleveland Sellers
5275:Michael Schwerner
5240:Gloria Richardson
5020:Thurgood Marshall
4940:Bernard Lafayette
4670:John Wesley Dobbs
4184:
4183:
3903:Birmingham attack
3883:Rock Hill sit-ins
3834:Sibley Commission
3829:Nashville sit-ins
3701:Gebhart v. Belton
3687:Briggs v. Elliott
3680:Bolling v. Sharpe
3641:Sweatt v. Painter
3563:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3291:Rock Hill sit-ins
3220:Lynchburg sit-ins
3214:Arlington sit-ins
3148:Galveston sit-ins
3124:Knoxville sit-ins
3070:Lexington sit-ins
3052:Frankfort sit-ins
3046:Baltimore sit-ins
3010:Salisbury sit-ins
2992:Nashville sit-ins
2980:Rock Hill sit-ins
2950:Henderson sit-ins
2932:Charlotte sit-ins
2848:Baltimore sit-ins
2701:978-93-5118-322-8
2674:978-81-8069-480-6
2511:Shalal, Andreal.
2294:978-0-299-19473-4
2044:Temple University
1996:Temple University
1853:. August 17, 1937
1629:Hartford, Bruce.
1283:978-0-19-932917-5
1143:Missouri Teamster
1009:Abdul Qayyum Khan
871:protests and the
677:1965 Philadelphia
634:Gun control lobby
584:Feminist movement
560:and organized by
474:In January 1962,
426:Arizona Daily Sun
400:Bernard Lafayette
384:Nashville sit-ins
355:Nashville sit-ins
257:Read's Drug Store
236:Sweatt v. Painter
16:(Redirected from
6044:
5990:
5989:
5953:Charles M. Payne
5938:Steven F. Lawson
5928:David Halberstam
5898:Clayborne Carson
5639:Hocutt v. Wilson
5586:W. E. B. Du Bois
5435:Sammy Younge Jr.
5420:Q. V. Williamson
5385:Wyatt Tee Walker
5250:Bernice Robinson
5195:Lincoln Ragsdale
5185:Rodney N. Powell
5080:Douglas E. Moore
4955:Sanford R. Leigh
4890:J. Charles Jones
4765:Fannie Lou Hamer
4680:Joseph Ellwanger
4640:Jonathan Daniels
4630:Claudette Colvin
4620:Annie Lee Cooper
4605:Kathleen Cleaver
4600:Eldridge Cleaver
4575:Shirley Chisholm
4465:Gloria Blackwell
4056:workers' murders
4003:"I Have a Dream"
3898:Anniston bombing
3849:Greenville Eight
3764:Little Rock Nine
3727:Browder v. Gayle
3615:
3614:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3476:Greenville Eight
3419:Bell v. Maryland
3329:
3328:
3244:Danville sit-ins
3232:Marshall sit-ins
3196:New Bern sit-ins
3190:Savannah sit-ins
3094:Columbia sit-ins
3082:Tuskegee sit-ins
3040:Richmond sit-ins
2815:
2808:
2801:
2792:
2791:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2449:. Archived from
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2422:. April 21, 2016
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2363:. June 24, 2016.
2351:
2345:
2344:
2343:. June 22, 2016.
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2234:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2115:. Archived from
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2085:. Archived from
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2020:. Archived from
2010:
2004:
2003:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1603:Carolina Stories
1595:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1568:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1497:
1491:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1406:
1400:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1191:
1185:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1152:
1146:
1139:
1133:
1127:
1113:Nigeria, 1920–30
760:Israel-Hamas War
629:
572:Easement payment
203:Melvin B. Tolson
188:James Farmer Jr.
176:Lexington Avenue
21:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6042:
6041:
6037:Sit-in movement
6032:Protest tactics
6002:
6001:
6000:
5995:
5984:
5977:
5958:Thomas E. Ricks
5948:Diane McWhorter
5933:Vincent Harding
5918:Adam Fairclough
5885:
5879:
5781:
5736:Freedom Schools
5595:
5528:
5476:
5470:
5461:Omaha, Nebraska
5449:
5365:Hartman Turnbow
5355:Dorothy Tillman
5315:Glenn E. Smiley
5295:Charles Sherrod
5255:Jo Ann Robinson
5130:Charles Neblett
5120:Elijah Muhammad
5085:Harriette Moore
5045:Floyd McKissick
5030:Franklin McCain
4965:Stanley Levison
4830:T. R. M. Howard
4780:Vincent Harding
4710:Walter Fauntroy
4595:Xernona Clayton
4545:John H. Calhoun
4530:Aurelia Browder
4520:Stanley Branche
4515:Raylawni Branch
4495:Joseph E. Boone
4480:Ezell Blair Jr.
4475:Unita Blackwell
4450:Harry Belafonte
4390:Ralph Abernathy
4378:
4314:Nation of Islam
4190:
4180:
4019:
3976:Birmingham riot
3917:Albany Movement
3839:Atlanta sit-ins
3819:Sit-in movement
3802:
3798:Biloxi wade-ins
3770:Cooper v. Aaron
3660:
3606:
3600:
3594:
3564:
3555:
3502:Biloxi wade-ins
3480:
3466:Friendship Nine
3449:
3358:
3320:
3297:Sewanee sit-ins
3279:
3256:Augusta sit-ins
3202:Memphis sit-ins
3166:Atlanta sit-ins
3112:Houston sit-ins
2986:Norfolk sit-ins
2968:Hampton sit-ins
2962:Raleigh sit-ins
2938:Concord sit-ins
2896:
2854:Dresden sit-ins
2842:Chicago sit-ins
2824:
2822:Sit-in movement
2819:
2742:
2737:
2724:
2722:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2686:
2682:
2675:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2493:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2453:on July 1, 2008
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2399:
2397:
2387:
2383:
2372:
2368:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2279:
2275:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2241:
2236:
2235:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2188:
2186:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1870:
1866:
1856:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1829:
1825:
1820:. May 13, 1936.
1812:
1811:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1785:
1781:
1758:10.2307/2675276
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1713:
1709:
1699:
1697:
1685:
1681:
1667:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1640:
1638:
1627:
1623:
1612:
1610:
1599:"Jail, No Bail"
1597:
1596:
1592:
1581:
1579:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1538:
1527:
1523:
1510:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1431:. The Oklahoman
1425:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1391:Eckels, Carla.
1390:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1355:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1311:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1258:
1254:
1247:Chicago Tribune
1243:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1162:on May 28, 2010
1154:
1153:
1149:
1140:
1136:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1081:Occupy movement
1043:
1035:Jamaat-e-Islami
931:
924:
917:
885:
860:
820:
812:Main articles:
810:
805:
781:
776:
744:
720:
714:
685:
683:Dewey's sit-ins
679:
674:
647:
641:
636:
627:
619:
591:
586:
574:
566:Joseph Califano
546:Joseph Califano
542:
518:
497:
492:
472:
466:
438:Friendship Nine
434:
357:
349:Main articles:
347:
339:Wichita, Kansas
323:Wichita, Kansas
319:
311:Main articles:
309:
293:
287:
259:
253:
115:
113:Sit-in movement
107:Main articles:
105:
100:
95:
37:Benjamin Cowins
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6050:
6040:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
5997:
5996:
5982:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5975:
5970:
5968:Akinyele Umoja
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5889:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5810:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5783:
5782:
5780:
5779:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5756:
5755:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5656:
5649:
5642:
5635:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5614:
5609:
5603:
5601:
5597:
5596:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5578:
5571:
5570:
5569:
5564:
5557:Mahatma Gandhi
5554:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5480:
5478:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5466:South Carolina
5463:
5457:
5455:
5451:
5450:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5405:Hosea Williams
5402:
5397:
5392:
5390:Hollis Watkins
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5320:A. Maceo Smith
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5270:Bernie Sanders
5267:
5262:
5260:Angela Russell
5257:
5252:
5247:
5245:David Richmond
5242:
5237:
5235:Walter Reuther
5232:
5227:
5222:
5220:Cordell Reagon
5217:
5212:
5207:
5205:George Raymond
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5165:Charles Person
5162:
5157:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5135:Huey P. Newton
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5090:Harry T. Moore
5087:
5082:
5077:
5075:Cecil B. Moore
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5055:James Meredith
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4885:Clarence Jones
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4825:Zilphia Horton
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4795:Lola Hendricks
4792:
4787:
4785:Dorothy Height
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4755:Lawrence Guyot
4752:
4747:
4745:Jack Greenberg
4742:
4737:
4732:
4730:Andrew Goodman
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:Joseph DeLaine
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4625:Dorothy Cotton
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4570:J. L. Chestnut
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4505:Amelia Boynton
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4425:Arnold Aronson
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4194:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4179:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4137:
4132:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4103:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4084:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4051:Freedom Summer
4048:
4043:
4041:Bloody Tuesday
4038:
4033:
4027:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4005:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3810:
3808:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3761:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3718:
3713:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3621:
3619:
3612:
3602:
3601:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3570:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3511:
3506:
3505:
3504:
3494:
3488:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3439:
3431:
3423:
3415:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3312:
3306:
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3294:
3287:
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3278:
3277:
3274:Dallas sit-ins
3271:
3265:
3262:Biloxi sit-ins
3259:
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3142:Austin sit-ins
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3028:Shelby sit-ins
3025:
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3004:Sumter sit-ins
3001:
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2740:External links
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2185:. June 2, 1955
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2005:
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1818:Newspapers.com
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1752:(3): 888–922.
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1031:Naeem Siddiqui
1027:Iskander Mirza
1022:to remove his
1020:administration
1013:Prime Minister
985:Mahatma Gandhi
916:
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883:United Kingdom
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787:Sit-in, Kertem
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558:Judith Heumann
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476:Bernie Sanders
468:Main article:
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388:lunch counters
359:Following the
346:
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301:North Carolina
289:Main article:
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151:Columbus, Ohio
133:organized the
127:Bernice Fisher
121:(FOR) and the
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5741:Freedom songs
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5607:Jim Crow laws
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5507:
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5504:"Oh, Freedom"
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5430:Whitney Young
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5370:Albert Turner
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5360:A. P. Tureaud
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5115:William Moyer
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5050:Joseph McNeil
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5035:Charles McDew
5033:
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5025:Benjamin Mays
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5010:Vivian Malone
5008:
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4985:Joseph Lowery
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4910:Clyde Kennard
4908:
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4900:Vernon Jordan
4898:
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4895:Matthew Jones
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4860:T. J. Jemison
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4845:Jesse Jackson
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4708:
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4685:Charles Evers
4683:
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4405:Mathew Ahmann
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4302:Youth Council
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3618:Prior to 1954
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3579:
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3571:
3568:
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3551:Direct action
3549:
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3539:
3537:
3536:Jail, No Bail
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3471:Tougaloo Nine
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3337:
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3334:
3332:Organizations
3330:
3327:
3323:
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3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
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3292:
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3149:
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3134:
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3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3118:Miami sit-ins
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3088:Tampa sit-ins
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2906:
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2899:
2892:
2891:Miami sit-ins
2889:
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2589:
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2570:
2566:
2562:
2555:
2544:September 26,
2539:
2533:
2518:
2514:
2507:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2468:
2452:
2448:
2447:Village Voice
2444:
2437:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2396:
2392:
2385:
2378:. OutHistory.
2377:
2370:
2362:
2361:
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2342:
2341:
2336:
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2315:
2311:
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2255:
2239:
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2229:
2227:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2166:
2162:
2160:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1889:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1868:
1852:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1827:
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1815:
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1747:
1743:
1737:
1726:September 10,
1722:
1718:
1711:
1700:September 10,
1696:
1695:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1663:
1662:Herald Online
1659:
1653:
1636:
1632:
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1415:
1411:
1405:
1398:
1394:
1388:
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1376:
1360:
1353:
1338:
1337:
1336:Baltimore Sun
1332:
1325:
1310:
1306:
1299:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1256:
1249:. p. 17.
1248:
1241:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1198:
1190:
1183:
1177:
1161:
1157:
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1144:
1138:
1132:
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1059:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
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1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1002:
996:
994:
990:
986:
982:
977:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
944:
940:
935:
929:
922:
921:Dharna, Nepal
912:
910:
907:at Broadway,
906:
901:
899:
894:
890:
880:
878:
874:
870:
865:
855:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
832:Inqilab March
829:
825:
819:
818:Inqilab March
815:
800:
798:
794:
785:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
719:
718:Julius sip-in
712:1966 New York
709:
705:
703:
702:Janus Society
699:
698:Janus Society
695:
690:
684:
669:
666:
664:
660:
656:
652:
646:
631:
626:
625:
617:
611:
609:
605:
604:
598:
596:
595:Marlene Dixon
581:
579:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
537:
535:
531:
527:
526:Richard Nixon
523:
513:
510:
506:
502:
487:
485:
481:
477:
471:
461:
459:
455:
450:
446:
445:lunch counter
443:
439:
429:
427:
422:
416:
415:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:Oklahoma City
356:
352:
342:
340:
336:
332:
328:
327:Oklahoma City
324:
318:
314:
304:
302:
298:
292:
282:
279:
278:
272:
268:
264:
258:
248:
246:
242:
238:
237:
232:
231:desegregation
228:
227:Jim Crow laws
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
186:In May 1942,
184:
181:
177:
173:
172:
167:
166:Workers Union
163:
159:
158:Father Divine
154:
152:
148:
147:lunch counter
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
114:
110:
98:United States
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
75:direct action
73:is a form of
72:
68:
61:
56:
48:
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
5983:
5923:David Garrow
5903:John Dittmer
5774:
5701:Brown Chapel
5658:
5651:
5644:
5637:
5630:
5616:
5573:
5425:Andrew Young
5380:A. T. Walden
5375:C. T. Vivian
5335:Maxine Smith
5170:Homer Plessy
5150:James Orange
5105:Irene Morgan
5060:William Ming
5040:Ralph McGill
4975:Viola Liuzzo
4960:Jim Letherer
4945:James Lawson
4875:Vernon Johns
4865:Esau Jenkins
4820:Myles Horton
4770:Fred Hampton
4760:Prathia Hall
4750:Dick Gregory
4720:Marie Foster
4715:James Forman
4705:James Farmer
4690:Medgar Evers
4650:Angela Davis
4585:Ramsey Clark
4565:James Chaney
4560:Johnnie Carr
4540:Ralph Bunche
4535:H. Rap Brown
4525:Ruby Bridges
4485:Joanne Bland
4460:Claude Black
4440:Marion Barry
4410:Muhammad Ali
4237:
4173:
4166:
4127:
4105:
4074:
4067:
3909:
3870:
3863:
3793:Kissing Case
3768:
3725:
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3699:
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3671:
3647:
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3491:
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3409:
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3385:
3377:
3369:
3363:Sit-in cases
2748:February One
2747:
2730:
2723:. Retrieved
2717:
2710:
2690:
2683:
2663:
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2635:
2627:the Guardian
2626:
2616:
2607:
2599:The Guardian
2598:
2588:
2578:December 29,
2576:. Retrieved
2564:
2554:
2542:. Retrieved
2532:
2520:. Retrieved
2516:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2477:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2451:the original
2446:
2436:
2426:September 4,
2424:. Retrieved
2419:
2410:
2398:. Retrieved
2394:
2384:
2369:
2358:
2349:
2338:
2329:
2317:. Retrieved
2313:
2303:
2283:
2276:
2259:
2254:
2242:. Retrieved
2213:. Retrieved
2209:the original
2199:
2187:. Retrieved
2182:
2173:
2164:
2158:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2117:the original
2112:
2103:
2091:. Retrieved
2087:the original
2077:
2065:. Retrieved
2056:
2048:the original
2039:
2030:
2022:the original
2017:
2008:
2000:the original
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1942:(1): 36–44.
1939:
1935:
1932:Longmore, PK
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1910:the original
1905:
1896:
1875:
1867:
1855:. Retrieved
1845:
1837:isreview.org
1836:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1796:. Retrieved
1792:
1782:
1749:
1745:
1742:Longmore, PK
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1720:
1710:
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1692:
1682:
1673:
1666:. Retrieved
1661:
1652:
1639:. Retrieved
1634:
1624:
1611:. Retrieved
1607:the original
1602:
1593:
1580:. Retrieved
1575:
1566:
1539:. Retrieved
1535:the original
1524:
1516:
1509:. Retrieved
1504:
1495:
1486:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1433:. Retrieved
1422:
1413:
1404:
1387:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1352:
1340:. Retrieved
1334:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1298:
1287:, retrieved
1265:
1255:
1246:
1240:
1228:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1195:
1189:
1181:
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1160:the original
1150:
1142:
1137:
1125:
1011:against the
1006:
997:
983:and part of
978:
974:
969:
949:
947:
937:A dharna in
902:
886:
869:FeesMustFall
861:
858:South Africa
844:Nawaz Sharif
821:
790:
745:
721:
706:
686:
667:
648:
622:
620:
615:
608:Robin Morgan
601:
599:
592:
575:
543:
519:
498:
473:
454:civil rights
435:
425:
417:
413:
412:
404:C. T. Vivian
381:
358:
320:
294:
275:
260:
234:
200:
185:
169:
155:
153:convention.
137:at the then
116:
70:
66:
64:
29:
5943:Doug McAdam
5913:Chuck Fager
5540:Nonviolence
5445:James Zwerg
5440:Bob Zellner
5400:Roy Wilkins
5350:Hank Thomas
5285:Pete Seeger
5280:Bobby Seale
5145:Jack O'Dell
5140:Edgar Nixon
5070:Amzie Moore
5065:Jack Minnis
5005:Mae Mallory
4990:Clara Luper
4950:Bernard Lee
4840:Cecil Ivory
4835:Ruby Hurley
4805:Oliver Hill
4800:Aaron Henry
4700:Chuck Fager
4660:Dave Dennis
4550:Guy Carawan
4490:Julian Bond
4455:James Bevel
4445:Daisy Bates
3716:Emmett Till
3599:(1954–1968)
3546:Nonviolence
3461:Richmond 34
2901:During 1960
2829:Before 1960
2400:October 25,
2319:January 28,
2189:October 22,
2123:January 27,
1916:January 23,
1668:December 1,
1641:October 21,
1613:October 21,
1582:October 21,
1541:October 21,
1511:December 1,
1111:Women's War
1091:Raasta roko
1066:Human Be-In
1051:John Lennon
1016:Feroze Khan
943:Maharashtra
898:Aberystwyth
893:Aberystwyth
848:Azadi March
830:(PTI), and
728:Julius' Bar
694:Clark Polak
606:(edited by
507:(WPA). The
396:James Bevel
377:S. H. Kress
369:Woolworth's
335:Clara Luper
317:Clara Luper
41:Tallahassee
6006:Categories
5886:historians
5567:Satyagraha
5533:Influences
5225:James Reeb
5160:James Peck
5155:Rosa Parks
5125:Diane Nash
4995:Danny Lyon
4970:John Lewis
4915:A. D. King
4815:James Hood
4430:Ella Baker
4400:Zev Aelony
3454:Defendants
3284:After 1960
2093:October 6,
2067:October 6,
1887:1439907447
1487:Dailey Sun
1414:C-SPAN.org
1166:August 24,
1118:References
989:satyagraha
877:xenophobia
824:Imran Khan
797:Városliget
562:Kitty Cone
554:504 Sit-in
544:Initially
421:nonviolent
392:Diane Nash
255:See also:
83:nonviolent
5545:Padayatra
5494:"Kumbaya"
5454:By region
5110:Bob Moses
5015:Bob Mants
5000:Malcolm X
4920:C.B. King
4740:Fred Gray
4383:Activists
4024:1964–1968
3807:1960–1963
3665:1954–1959
3276:(Apr. 28)
3270:(Apr. 23)
3264:(Apr. 17)
3240:(Mar. 31)
3234:(Mar. 29)
3228:(Mar. 28)
3222:(Mar. 26)
3216:(Mar. 19)
3210:(Mar. 19)
3204:(Mar. 19)
3198:(Mar. 17)
3192:(Mar. 16)
3186:(Mar. 15)
3180:(Mar. 15)
3174:(Mar. 15)
3168:(Mar. 15)
3162:(Mar. 13)
3156:(Mar. 12)
3150:(Mar. 11)
3144:(Mar. 11)
3138:(Mar. 10)
3090:(Feb. 27)
3084:(Feb. 26)
3078:(Feb. 26)
3072:(Feb. 26)
3066:(Feb. 25)
3060:(Feb. 25)
3054:(Feb. 22)
3048:(Feb. 22)
3042:(Feb. 20)
3036:(Feb. 19)
3030:(Feb. 18)
3024:(Feb. 18)
3018:(Feb. 17)
3012:(Feb. 16)
3006:(Feb. 14)
3000:(Feb. 13)
2994:(Feb. 13)
2988:(Feb. 12)
2982:(Feb. 12)
2976:(Feb. 11)
2970:(Feb. 11)
2964:(Feb. 10)
2573:0362-4331
2496:April 19,
2486:0362-4331
2143:cdlib.org
2018:dredf.org
1956:145123577
1857:April 29,
1798:April 29,
1435:April 27,
1206:103043251
1024:President
864:apartheid
768:president
659:Paul Ryan
442:McCrory's
271:impromptu
141:library.
5475:Movement
4905:Tom Kahn
4189:Activist
3609:timeline
3531:Study-in
3258:(Apr. 9)
3252:(Apr. 4)
3246:(Apr. 2)
3132:(Mar. 8)
3126:(Mar. 7)
3120:(Mar. 4)
3114:(Mar. 4)
3108:(Mar. 2)
3102:(Mar. 2)
3096:(Mar. 2)
2958:(Feb. 9)
2952:(Feb. 9)
2946:(Feb. 9)
2940:(Feb. 9)
2934:(Feb. 9)
2928:(Feb. 8)
2922:(Feb. 8)
2916:(Feb. 8)
2910:(Feb. 1)
2647:June 10,
2490:Archived
2395:Timeline
2340:Politico
1774:17639642
1675:Workman.
1551:cite web
1342:July 14,
1314:July 14,
1289:July 29,
1230:July 20,
1202:ProQuest
1101:Teach-in
1055:Yoko Ono
1041:See also
991:form of
956:: धरना;
803:Pakistan
793:Budapest
219:Marshall
160:and the
93:Examples
71:sit-down
5600:Related
5190:Al Raby
4145:funeral
4008:Big Six
3526:Pray-in
3514:Jail-in
3497:Wade-in
3325:Related
2880:(1958)
2725:July 9,
2517:Reuters
2457:June 5,
1974:acl.gov
1766:2675276
1489:article
1365:May 25,
1106:Work-in
1071:Lock-on
1057:in 1969
970:dharnam
909:Cardiff
862:During
774:Hungary
734:. This
333:leader
192:Chicago
79:protest
5786:Legacy
5562:Ahimsa
4191:groups
3652:(1950)
3644:(1950)
3605:Events
3492:Sit-in
3446:(1964)
3438:(1964)
3430:(1964)
3422:(1964)
3414:(1964)
3406:(1964)
3398:(1963)
3390:(1963)
3382:(1963)
3374:(1963)
3317:(1964)
3311:(1963)
3305:(1962)
3299:(1962)
3293:(1961)
2893:(1959)
2874:(1958)
2868:(1957)
2862:(1955)
2856:(1954)
2850:(1953)
2844:(1943)
2838:(1939)
2698:
2671:
2571:
2522:May 5,
2484:
2291:
2266:
2244:May 8,
2215:May 8,
1954:
1884:
1772:
1764:
1280:
1204:
1061:Die-in
1047:Bed-In
950:dharna
928:Dharma
915:Dharna
736:action
628:'s
402:, and
297:Durham
211:Bishop
180:strike
67:sit-in
18:Dharna
5884:Noted
5477:songs
4297:NAACP
4150:riots
3485:Other
2268:96157
1952:S2CID
1762:JSTOR
966:India
954:Hindi
939:Virar
614:1970
367:at a
207:Wiley
2727:2022
2696:ISBN
2669:ISBN
2649:2014
2580:2019
2569:ISSN
2546:2014
2524:2024
2498:2024
2482:ISSN
2459:2019
2428:2017
2402:2020
2321:2015
2314:Time
2289:ISBN
2264:OCLC
2262:. .
2246:2015
2217:2015
2191:2021
2125:2015
2095:2014
2069:2014
1918:2017
1882:ISBN
1859:2018
1800:2018
1770:PMID
1728:2015
1702:2015
1694:Time
1670:2010
1643:2011
1615:2011
1584:2011
1557:link
1543:2011
1513:2010
1437:2023
1367:2023
1344:2014
1316:2014
1291:2024
1278:ISBN
1232:2010
1168:2016
1053:and
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958:Urdu
887:The
816:and
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