1632:
produced in his own time and under his own conditions of work. But when one hires labour, one purchases an abstraction, labour-power, which the purchaser then uses at a time and under conditions which he, the purchaser, not the "owner" of the labour-power, determines (and for which he normally pays after he has consumed it). Second, the wage labour system requires the establishment of a method of measuring the labour one has purchased, for purposes of payment, commonly by introducing a second abstraction, namely labour-time.
1903:
4705:
121:
1003:
43:
1891:
5412:
1984:
948:
5401:
936:
1864:, in 2007 women of all races made approximately 80% of the median wage of their male counterparts. This is likely due to the supply and demand for women in the market because of family obligations. Similarly, white men made about 84% the wage of Asian men, and black men 64%. These are overall averages and are not adjusted for the type, amount, and quality of work done.
1631:
The very idea of wage-labour requires two difficult conceptual steps. First it requires the abstraction of a man's labour from both his person and the product of his work. When one purchases an object from an independent craftsman ... one has not bought his labour but the object, which he had
1881:
affects the frequency of corruption, and that higher salary levels for public sector workers help reduce corruption. It has also been shown that countries with smaller wage gaps in the public sector have less corruption.
2058:
for his employer, including the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash;" In addition to requiring that the remuneration must be for "services performed by an
2615:
Magnusson, Charlotta. "Why Is There A Gender Wage Gap
According To Occupational Prestige?." Acta Sociologica (Sage Publications, Ltd.) 53.2 (2010): 99-117. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Feb. 2015.
1860:
Even in countries where market forces primarily set wage rates, studies show that there are still differences in remuneration for work based on sex and race. For example, according to the
1594:
which conditions pay on individual performance, and with compensation based on the performance of the company as a whole. Waged employees may also receive tips or
1960:
establishes a minimum wage at the federal level that all states must abide by, among other provisions. Fourteen states and a number of cities have set their own
3848:
2119:
1583:
Wages are part of the expenses that are involved in running a business. It is an obligation to the employee regardless of the profitability of the company.
2039:
In the second quarter of 2022, the total U.S. labor costs grew up 5.2% year over year, the highest growth since the starting point of the serie in 2001.
1734:
2653:
1636:
The wage is the monetary measure corresponding to the standard units of working time (or to a standard amount of accomplished work, defined as a
2054:"For purposes of this chapter, the term “wages” means all remuneration (other than fees paid to a public official) for services performed by an
2716:
2681:
Tennant, Michael. "Minimum Wage The Ups & Downs." New
American (08856540) 30.12 (2014): 10-16. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Feb. 2015.
53:
2597:
978:
910:
3686:
3664:
1522:
1002:
5282:
4590:
1684:
4781:
4434:
3996:
3111:
2666:"Employees" as a category excludes all those who are self-employed, and this statistics only considers workers over the age of 16.
1822:
Depending on the structure and traditions of different economies around the world, wage rates will be influenced by market forces (
4615:
2828:
2520:
2381:
1964:
rates that are higher than the federal level. For certain federal or state government contacts, employers must pay the so-called
1660:
1606:
is the predominant form of work, the term "wage" sometimes refers to all forms (or all monetary forms) of employee compensation.
2047:
For purposes of federal income tax withholding, 26 U.S.C. § 3401(a) defines the term "wages" specifically for chapter 24 of the
4486:
3932:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3225:
1590:, in which the employer pays an arranged amount at steady intervals (such as a week or month) regardless of hours worked, with
1996:
1256:
4491:
3379:
2861:
2822:
2606:– Education 2020 Homeschool console, Vocabulary Assignment, definition entry for "wage rate" (may require login to view)
2552:
2413:
4728:
3903:
3691:
3659:
2784:
2758:
2573:
2434:
2345:
2312:
2241:
2185:
2094:
1976:
which account for living expenses and other basic necessities, setting the living wage rate much higher than current
1935:
87:
4713:
2789:
1940:
Seventy-five million workers earned hourly wages in the United States in 2012, making up 59% of employees. In the
4723:
3803:
1861:
971:
4733:
4496:
3868:
3820:
3086:
3034:
1515:
4584:
4476:
3888:
3436:
309:
17:
2625:
571:
4973:
4774:
4665:
3838:
2889:
1164:
2639:
5436:
5267:
5219:
4907:
4650:
3863:
2569:
2430:
920:
140:
130:
2328:
Powell, Marvin A. (1995). "Metrology and
Mathematics in Ancient Mesopotamia". In Sasson, Jack M. (ed.).
5441:
4929:
4917:
4912:
4902:
4579:
4461:
3937:
3389:
3081:
2989:
1623:
964:
914:
444:
434:
5347:
4872:
4823:
4743:
4738:
4559:
4233:
4144:
4023:
2775:
2073:
1591:
1508:
1451:
1246:
1169:
324:
5013:
4882:
4748:
4718:
4409:
4211:
3970:
3927:
3893:
3394:
3384:
3066:
2854:
1957:
1826:), labour organisation, legislation, and tradition. Market forces are perhaps more dominant in the
1129:
1076:
893:
631:
586:
439:
208:
152:
69:
646:
5415:
5312:
5307:
5257:
5130:
5008:
4767:
4675:
4554:
4456:
4394:
4206:
3833:
3720:
3654:
3567:
2524:
2385:
2099:
1652:
596:
404:
394:
354:
344:
251:
174:
5332:
5292:
5287:
5069:
5040:
4897:
4819:
4529:
4481:
4451:
4288:
4256:
4246:
4063:
4048:
4028:
3910:
3681:
3676:
2951:
2475:
1922:
1640:). The earliest such unit of time, still frequently used, is the day of work. The invention of
1486:
1363:
1338:
1296:
1209:
766:
611:
349:
289:
246:
193:
5277:
5262:
4978:
4471:
4466:
4404:
4349:
4298:
3920:
3451:
3424:
3096:
3024:
2048:
1949:
1773:
1548:
1411:
900:
581:
556:
541:
399:
339:
319:
314:
31:
5327:
5247:
5179:
5094:
4988:
4924:
4539:
4315:
4268:
4088:
4083:
3858:
3853:
3828:
3768:
3612:
3592:
3544:
3414:
3329:
3167:
2337:
2330:
2124:
2063:
for his employer," the definition goes on to list 23 exclusions that must also be applied.
1491:
1461:
1303:
1266:
1229:
651:
473:
424:
389:
329:
294:
198:
188:
135:
1723:
1572:
1552:
8:
5342:
5169:
5018:
4961:
4804:
4444:
4439:
4377:
4325:
4043:
4011:
4001:
3883:
3873:
3404:
3399:
3220:
3200:
3121:
3041:
3019:
2999:
2847:
1969:
1746:
1436:
1431:
1333:
1105:
877:
686:
508:
449:
374:
364:
334:
261:
169:
2504:
2365:
2257:
Ezzamel, Mahmoud (July 2004). "Work
Organization in the Middle Kingdom, Ancient Egypt".
1980:
require. The minimum wage rate is there to protect the well being of the working class.
546:
5252:
5198:
5125:
5035:
4993:
4983:
4951:
4946:
4892:
4887:
4544:
4508:
4372:
4261:
4241:
4114:
4078:
3965:
3947:
3878:
3514:
3374:
3354:
3309:
3210:
3195:
2779:
2282:
2214:
1715:
1471:
1358:
1086:
905:
861:
666:
503:
498:
478:
429:
369:
359:
304:
299:
271:
266:
236:
104:
2816:
5385:
5373:
5352:
5322:
5184:
5108:
5064:
4655:
4635:
4367:
4332:
4164:
4058:
4038:
3957:
3810:
3745:
3419:
3369:
3344:
3304:
3299:
3230:
3076:
2794:
2771:
2754:
2647:
2637:
2341:
2308:
2286:
2274:
2237:
2181:
1945:
1823:
1599:
1291:
1276:
1224:
1204:
1134:
1091:
796:
771:
681:
561:
518:
454:
419:
409:
241:
203:
159:
2667:
721:
5337:
5317:
5224:
5174:
5145:
5003:
4968:
4865:
4843:
4625:
4414:
4382:
4342:
4337:
4134:
4124:
3942:
3773:
3730:
3703:
3698:
3552:
3519:
3509:
3359:
3287:
3091:
3029:
3009:
2994:
2833:
2516:
2465:
2377:
2266:
2206:
2089:
2078:
1977:
1831:
1383:
1348:
1343:
1328:
1313:
1251:
1219:
1124:
1010:
994:
846:
791:
776:
761:
746:
676:
656:
636:
591:
464:
414:
384:
379:
726:
5405:
4877:
4814:
4685:
4620:
4429:
4399:
4387:
4251:
4149:
4016:
3349:
3116:
2919:
2894:
2884:
2479:
1965:
1817:
1742:
1730:
1676:
1672:
1618:
1563:
1481:
1466:
1426:
1323:
1308:
1281:
1261:
1191:
1181:
940:
851:
816:
781:
716:
641:
626:
513:
488:
483:
459:
231:
226:
2060:
2055:
5380:
5120:
5079:
4998:
4790:
4670:
4419:
4320:
4273:
3975:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3634:
3562:
3319:
3277:
2961:
2929:
2470:
1851:
1656:
1476:
1441:
1286:
1236:
1174:
1046:
871:
856:
821:
806:
786:
756:
576:
493:
183:
179:
1902:
1644:
coincided with the elaborating of subdivisions of time for work, of which the
606:
61:
5430:
5302:
5202:
5193:
5164:
5150:
5140:
5084:
4848:
4838:
4828:
4645:
4564:
4549:
4534:
4305:
4283:
4189:
4073:
4006:
3980:
3915:
3758:
3715:
3710:
3557:
3441:
3339:
3061:
2914:
2899:
2278:
2270:
2152:
1941:
1878:
1827:
1795:
1496:
1456:
1401:
1026:
836:
826:
801:
741:
736:
731:
711:
701:
671:
661:
566:
469:
2201:
Thompson, E. P. (1967). "Time, Work-Discipline, and
Industrial Capitalism".
1972:
or its state equivalent. Activists have undertaken to promote the idea of a
120:
5272:
5104:
5099:
4833:
4680:
4660:
4640:
4630:
4605:
4359:
4194:
4174:
4159:
4129:
4119:
3898:
3753:
3735:
3671:
3649:
3607:
3597:
3494:
3484:
3456:
3187:
3177:
3004:
2944:
2560:
2421:
2210:
2157:
1961:
1931:
1791:
1769:
1750:
1680:
1557:
1421:
1318:
1056:
952:
866:
811:
706:
696:
691:
616:
164:
2806:
2798:
2717:"North American companies send in the robots, even as productivity slumps"
1890:
1551:
done in a specific period of time. Some examples of wage payments include
5297:
5209:
5089:
4941:
4855:
4293:
4216:
4184:
3644:
3587:
3205:
3162:
3137:
3106:
3101:
3056:
2981:
2971:
2956:
2909:
2836:– Prices and Wages research guide at the University of Missouri libraries
2802:
2147:
2142:
2104:
1992:
1973:
1953:
1777:
1614:
1603:
1416:
1378:
1368:
1353:
1081:
1071:
1051:
1041:
1036:
841:
831:
621:
256:
5057:
4809:
4503:
4310:
4223:
4201:
4169:
4068:
4053:
4033:
3798:
3763:
3725:
3639:
3602:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3489:
3446:
3431:
3409:
3334:
3172:
3152:
3071:
2939:
2934:
2904:
2870:
2640:"Effects of public sector wages on corruption: Wage inequality matters"
2114:
2109:
2084:
1983:
1912:
1895:
1855:
1754:
1637:
1195:
1143:
1096:
1066:
1061:
751:
551:
2638:
Asli Demirgüç-Kunt, Michael
Lokshin, Vladimir Kolchin (8 April 2023).
2218:
5368:
5135:
5052:
5047:
4860:
4690:
4610:
4424:
4109:
3463:
3364:
3324:
3294:
3215:
3051:
3014:
2811:
2548:
2500:
2461:
2409:
2361:
1835:
601:
532:
112:
65:
5160:
5155:
5030:
4524:
3582:
3572:
3504:
3499:
3468:
3314:
3269:
3147:
3142:
3046:
2924:
2668:
U.S. Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor
Statistics (2013-02-26),
2129:
1988:
1595:
1540:
1031:
1648:
became the most common, underlying the concept of an hourly wage.
5214:
5113:
5025:
4759:
4154:
4104:
3843:
3793:
3577:
3282:
2966:
2565:
2426:
1708:
1664:
1446:
1271:
1153:
2336:. Vol. III. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons. p.
2236:. Thomas Dunlap (trans.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
5400:
5189:
4278:
3626:
3265:
1798:
between a charterer and shipmaster, while Law 277 stipulated a
1738:
1719:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1587:
1544:
1114:
935:
2691:
5074:
4956:
4936:
4139:
2839:
1839:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1711:
1668:
1641:
1373:
1214:
52:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
4179:
1704:
1692:
1645:
1406:
1241:
1017:
1617:
involves the exchange of money for time spent at work. As
3157:
2180:. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 65.
2626:"Earnings of Women and Men by Race and Ethnicity, 2007"
2564:. Translated by Harper, Robert Francis (2nd ed.).
2425:. Translated by Harper, Robert Francis (2nd ed.).
3849:
List of countries by rate of fatal workplace accidents
2234:
History of the hour: Clocks and modern temporal orders
2120:
List of sovereign states in Europe by net average wage
1659:, and ancient Rome. Following the unification of the
1995:
for a single, childless individual according to the
1877:
It is known that the wage level of employees in the
1602:
which are non-monetary forms of compensation. Since
1609:
2329:
2321:
1808:-shekel per day freight rate for a 60-gur vessel.
2541:
2493:
2081:(non-monetary compensation in exchange for labor)
5428:
2536:275. If anyone hires a ... day as rent therefor.
2446:§234. If a boatman build ... silver as his wage.
2402:
2354:
2231:
1718:(c. 2254–2218 BC), Sargon's grandson, including
27:Payment by an employer to an employee for labour
2397:234. If a shipbuilder builds ... as a present .
4775:
2855:
2670:Characteristics of Minimum Wage Workers: 2012
1885:
1811:
1516:
972:
50:The examples and perspective in this article
2652:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2307:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
2823:U.S. Department of Labor: Minimum Wage Laws
2747:Created Unequal: the Crisis in American Pay
2456:
2454:
4782:
4768:
2862:
2848:
2298:
2296:
1523:
1509:
979:
965:
4591:Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
2770:
2585:§275. If a man hire ... its hire per day.
2547:
2499:
2460:
2408:
2360:
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
4435:Job losses caused by the Great Recession
3112:Simultaneous recruiting of new graduates
2834:Prices and Wages by Decade library guide
2451:
2200:
1982:
1901:
1889:
1729:(c. 1755–1750 BC) stipulated a 2-shekel
4616:Credentialism and educational inflation
2521:Records of the Past Exploration Society
2474:. Translated by King, Leonard William.
2382:Records of the Past Exploration Society
2293:
2256:
1956:negotiates on the workers' behalf. The
14:
5429:
4487:List of countries by unemployment rate
2714:
2332:Civilizations of the Ancient Near East
2327:
2302:
2175:
4763:
2843:
3380:Practice-based professional learning
2553:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
2505:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
2466:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
2414:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
2366:"Code of Hammurabi, King of Babylon"
1944:, wages for most workers are set by
36:
3933:Workers' right to access the toilet
2829:Average U.S. farm and non-farm wage
2715:Aeppel, Timothy (August 29, 2022).
2642:. Journal of Comparative Economics.
1845:
24:
5338:Microfoundations of macroeconomics
4789:
2739:
2232:Dohrn-van Rossum, Gerhard (1996).
25:
5453:
2785:Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
2764:
2624:U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
2515:(3). Translated by Sommer, Otto.
2376:(3). Translated by Sommer, Otto.
2095:List of countries by average wage
1999:living wage calculator as of 2023
1936:Minimum wage in the United States
1838:, perhaps play a greater role in
5411:
5410:
5399:
4704:
4703:
3997:Corporate collapses and scandals
2790:Library of Economics and Liberty
1610:Origins and necessary components
1001:
946:
934:
119:
41:
2812:U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
2727:
2708:
2684:
2675:
2660:
2631:
2618:
2609:
2590:
1968:as determined according to the
1862:U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
1586:Payment by wage contrasts with
221:Concepts, theory and techniques
4497:Employment-to-population ratio
3869:Occupational health psychology
2869:
2776:"Wages and Working Conditions"
2753:. New York: Free Press, 1998.
2250:
2225:
2194:
2169:
2042:
13:
1:
4585:Works Progress Administration
4477:Unemployment Convention, 1919
3889:Personal protective equipment
3437:Occupational Outlook Handbook
2163:
1872:
1685:common Mesopotamian standards
1598:paid directly by clients and
4666:Psychopathy in the workplace
3839:Human factors and ergonomics
7:
5283:Civil engineering economics
5268:Statistical decision theory
4908:Income elasticity of demand
4651:Narcissism in the workplace
3864:Occupational exposure limit
2751:Twentieth Century Fund Book
2570:University of Chicago Press
2431:University of Chicago Press
2066:
1906:Wages in the United States
1898:in the US from 1964 to 2005
64:, discuss the issue on the
10:
5458:
4918:Price elasticity of supply
4913:Price elasticity of demand
4903:Cross elasticity of demand
4580:Civil Works Administration
4462:Technological unemployment
3938:Workplace health promotion
3390:Professional certification
3087:Personality–job fit theory
2745:Galbraith, James Kenneth.
1929:
1886:Wages in the United States
1867:
1849:
1815:
1812:Determinants of wage rates
29:
5394:
5361:
5240:
4797:
4699:
4598:
4560:Guaranteed minimum income
4517:
4358:
4232:
4145:Organizational commitment
4097:
3989:
3956:
3819:
3744:
3621:
3543:
3477:
3264:
3186:
3130:
2980:
2877:
2825:– Different laws by State
2303:Finley, Moses I. (1973).
2176:Finley, Moses I. (1973).
2074:Compensation of employees
1796:contract of affreightment
1452:Guaranteed minimum income
1247:Diversification (finance)
4974:Income–consumption curve
4729:Aspects of organizations
4410:Involuntary unemployment
3971:Equal pay for equal work
3894:Repetitive strain injury
3395:Professional development
3385:Professional association
3067:Letter of recommendation
2692:"Living Wage Calculator"
2271:10.1177/1350508404044060
1991:of the United States by
1958:Fair Labor Standards Act
1780:. Law 276 stipulated a 2
1130:Employee stock ownership
1077:Refund anticipation loan
209:JEL classification codes
5308:Industrial organization
4714:Aspects of corporations
4676:Slow movement (culture)
4555:Employer of last resort
4457:Structural unemployment
4395:Frictional unemployment
3834:Epilepsy and employment
3721:Performance-related pay
3655:National average salary
3568:996 working hour system
2100:Performance-related pay
1757:. Law 275 stipulated a
1651:Wages were paid in the
1047:Unsecured personal loan
395:Industrial organization
252:Computational economics
4724:Aspects of occupations
4530:Unemployment insurance
4482:Unemployment extension
4452:Reserve army of labour
4257:Constructive dismissal
4064:Sleeping while on duty
4029:Exploitation of labour
3911:Sick building syndrome
3082:Person–environment fit
2952:Independent contractor
2628:Accessed June 29, 2012
2036:
1927:
1923:Adjusted for inflation
1899:
1621:lays out the issue in
1539:is payment made by an
1487:Universal basic income
1364:Portfolio optimization
1339:Investment performance
1210:Alternative investment
247:Experimental economics
5278:Engineering economics
4873:Cost–benefit analysis
4734:Aspects of workplaces
4472:Unemployment benefits
4467:Types of unemployment
4405:Graduate unemployment
4299:Letter of resignation
3928:Workers' compensation
3921:Occupational fatality
3425:Vocational university
3025:Employment counsellor
2049:Internal Revenue Code
1986:
1950:collective bargaining
1905:
1893:
32:Wage (disambiguation)
5095:Price discrimination
4989:Intertemporal choice
4540:Job creation program
4316:Mandatory retirement
4269:Employee offboarding
4089:Workplace incivility
4084:Workplace harassment
3859:Occupational disease
3854:Occupational burnout
3769:Disability insurance
3613:Workweek and weekend
3593:Retroactive overtime
3415:Vocational education
3330:Continuing education
3168:Permanent employment
2211:10.1093/past/38.1.56
2125:Marginal factor cost
1894:Historical graph of
1714:were promulgated by
1492:Volatility (finance)
1462:Risk-return spectrum
1304:Fundamental analysis
1170:Defined contribution
474:Social choice theory
70:create a new article
62:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
5406:Business portal
5343:Operations research
5170:Substitution effect
4445:Recession-proof job
4440:Lists of recessions
4378:Economic depression
4326:Retirement planning
4207:Work–life interface
4044:Employee monitoring
4012:Corporate behaviour
4002:Accounting scandals
3884:Occupational stress
3874:Occupational injury
3405:Reflective practice
3400:Professional school
3122:Work-at-home scheme
3042:Induction programme
3020:Employment contract
3000:Business networking
2509:Records of the Past
2370:Records of the Past
2305:The ancient economy
2178:The ancient economy
2028: $ 19.00-19.99
2022: $ 18.00-18.99
2016: $ 17.00-17.99
2010: $ 16.00-16.99
1830:, while tradition,
1747:employment contract
1624:The Ancient Economy
1437:Financial inclusion
1432:Financial deepening
1334:Investment advisory
1106:Employment contract
941:Business portal
262:Operations research
242:National accounting
5437:Wages and salaries
4984:Indifference curve
4952:Goods and services
4893:Economies of scope
4888:Economies of scale
4708:See also templates
4545:Job creation index
4509:Youth unemployment
4373:Discouraged worker
4262:Wrongful dismissal
4242:At-will employment
4115:Civil conscription
4079:Workplace bullying
3966:Affirmative action
3948:Workplace wellness
3879:Occupational noise
3515:Long service leave
3375:Overspecialization
3355:Induction training
3310:Career development
2780:David R. Henderson
2772:Lebergott, Stanley
2696:livingwage.mit.edu
2137:Political science:
2037:
1928:
1900:
1745:constructed in an
1716:Naram-Sin of Akkad
1655:of ancient Egypt,
1472:Structured product
1412:Citizen's dividend
1359:Passive management
1087:Debt consolidation
272:Industrial complex
267:Middle income trap
5442:National accounts
5424:
5423:
5386:Political economy
5185:Supply and demand
5065:Pareto efficiency
4757:
4756:
4656:Post-work society
4636:Kiss up kick down
4368:Barriers to entry
4333:Severance package
4165:Human trafficking
4059:Sexual harassment
4039:Employee handbook
3958:Equal opportunity
3821:Safety and health
3811:Take-home vehicle
3420:Vocational school
3370:Lifelong learning
3345:Further education
3305:Career counseling
3300:Career assessment
3077:Overqualification
2819:– click Chapter 8
2817:Wealth of Nations
1978:minimum wage laws
1824:supply and demand
1600:employee benefits
1575:payments such as
1555:payments such as
1533:
1532:
1205:Active management
1135:Employee benefits
1092:Debt rescheduling
989:
988:
98:
97:
90:
72:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
5449:
5414:
5413:
5404:
5403:
5146:Returns to scale
5004:Market structure
4784:
4777:
4770:
4761:
4760:
4744:Critique of work
4739:Corporate titles
4707:
4706:
4626:Evil corporation
4492:Employment rates
4415:Jobless recovery
4383:Great Depression
4343:Golden parachute
4338:Golden handshake
4135:Job satisfaction
4125:Critique of work
3943:Workplace phobia
3774:Health insurance
3731:Wage compression
3699:Progressive wage
3553:35-hour workweek
3520:No call, no show
3510:Leave of absence
3360:Knowledge worker
3288:Master craftsman
3092:Personality hire
3030:Executive search
3010:Curriculum vitae
2995:Background check
2864:
2857:
2850:
2841:
2840:
2793:
2788:(1st ed.).
2734:
2733:USC 26 § 3401(a)
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2203:Past and Present
2198:
2192:
2191:
2173:
2090:Labour economics
2079:Employee benefit
2033:
2027:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2004: $ 15-15.99
2003:
1974:living wage rate
1920:
1910:
1846:Wage differences
1832:social structure
1807:
1806:
1802:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1394:
1384:Target date fund
1349:Investor profile
1344:Investment style
1329:Impact investing
1314:Growth investing
1252:Equity (finance)
1125:Salary packaging
1005:
995:Personal finance
991:
990:
981:
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953:Money portal
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435:Natural resource
227:Economic systems
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4878:Deadweight loss
4815:Consumer choice
4793:
4788:
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4753:
4749:Organized labor
4719:Aspects of jobs
4695:
4686:Toxic workplace
4621:Emotional labor
4594:
4518:Public programs
4513:
4430:Great Recession
4400:Full employment
4388:Long Depression
4354:
4252:Banishment room
4228:
4150:Refusal of work
4093:
4017:Corporate crime
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3350:Graduate school
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3117:Underemployment
2976:
2920:Self-employment
2895:Contingent work
2885:Academic tenure
2878:Classifications
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2740:Further reading
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2598:"Student Login"
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1970:Davis–Bacon Act
1966:prevailing wage
1938:
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1888:
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1820:
1818:Efficiency wage
1814:
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1800:
1799:
1790:-gerah per day
1786:
1782:
1781:
1731:prevailing wage
1725:Codex Hammurabi
1683:circa 2334 BC,
1679:ruled from his
1673:Sargon of Akkad
1619:Moses I. Finley
1612:
1569:yearly bonuses,
1564:prevailing wage
1529:
1482:Systematic risk
1467:Social dividend
1427:Economic bubble
1392:
1324:Hedge (finance)
1309:Government bond
1262:Estate planning
1192:Personal budget
1186:
1182:Social security
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4791:Microeconomics
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4671:Sunday scaries
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4024:Discrimination
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3976:Gender pay gap
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2765:External links
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2517:Washington, DC
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2471:Avalon Project
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2378:Washington, DC
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2265:(4): 497–537.
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1653:Middle Kingdom
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714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
554:
549:
544:
538:
537:
536:
530:
529:
526:
525:
522:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
440:Organizational
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
286:
284:By application
283:
282:
279:
278:
275:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
223:
220:
219:
216:
215:
212:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
177:
172:
167:
162:
156:
150:
149:
146:
145:
144:
143:
138:
133:
125:
124:
116:
115:
109:
108:
96:
95:
56:of the subject
54:worldwide view
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5454:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5432:
5417:
5409:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5396:
5393:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5360:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5313:Institutional
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5258:Computational
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5239:
5233:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5204:
5203:Law of supply
5200:
5197:
5195:
5194:Law of demand
5191:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5180:Social choice
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5165:Excess supply
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5151:Risk aversion
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5085:Price ceiling
5083:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5041:Complementary
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5011:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4824:non-convexity
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4785:
4780:
4778:
4773:
4771:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4646:Make-work job
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4565:Right to work
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4550:Job guarantee
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4535:Make-work job
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4516:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4331:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4306:Restructuring
4304:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:Notice period
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4190:Unfree labour
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:Bonded labour
4158:
4157:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:Whistleblower
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4007:Control fraud
4005:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3982:
3981:Glass ceiling
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3916:Work accident
3914:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3904:United States
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3804:United States
3802:
3801:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:Casual Friday
3757:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3716:Paid time off
3714:
3712:
3711:Overtime rate
3709:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3692:United States
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3558:Four-day week
3556:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:Practice firm
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3340:Employability
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3241:Orange-collar
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3188:Working class
3185:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3062:Job interview
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2979:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2915:Part-time job
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:Full-time job
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2865:
2860:
2858:
2853:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2760:
2759:0-684-84988-7
2756:
2752:
2749:, in series,
2748:
2744:
2743:
2730:
2722:
2718:
2711:
2697:
2693:
2687:
2678:
2671:
2663:
2655:
2649:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2621:
2612:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2586:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2537:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2481:
2477:
2476:New Haven, CT
2473:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2455:
2447:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2398:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2349:
2347:0-684-19279-9
2343:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2324:
2316:
2314:9780520024366
2310:
2306:
2299:
2297:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2243:9780226155104
2239:
2235:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2205:(38): 56–97.
2204:
2197:
2189:
2187:9780520024366
2183:
2179:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Working class
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:
2040:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1948:, or else by
1947:
1946:market forces
1943:
1942:United States
1937:
1933:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1883:
1880:
1879:public sector
1865:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1828:United States
1825:
1819:
1809:
1797:
1793:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1768:per day on a
1767:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1677:single empire
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1588:salaried work
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1526:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1497:Watered stock
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1457:Market impact
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:Asset pricing
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
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548:
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543:
542:de Mandeville
540:
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507:
505:
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497:
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477:
475:
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470:Public choice
468:
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445:Participation
443:
441:
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436:
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408:
406:
405:Institutional
403:
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368:
366:
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355:Expeditionary
353:
351:
348:
346:
345:Environmental
343:
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185:
181:
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176:
175:International
173:
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163:
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158:
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154:
151:Branches and
148:
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101:
92:
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81:
71:
67:
63:
57:
55:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
18:Cost of labor
5348:Optimization
5333:Mathematical
5293:Experimental
5288:Evolutionary
5273:Econometrics
5231:
5131:Public goods
5105:Price system
5100:Price signal
5014:Monopolistic
4883:Distribution
4798:Major topics
4681:Toxic leader
4661:Presenteeism
4641:Labor rights
4631:Going postal
4606:Bullshit job
4589:
4574:
4569:
4360:Unemployment
4212:Downshifting
4195:Wage slavery
4175:Penal labour
4130:Dead-end job
4120:Conscription
3899:Right to sit
3754:Annual leave
3736:Working poor
3672:Minimum wage
3650:Maximum wage
3622:
3608:Working time
3598:Six-hour day
3495:Career break
3457:Professional
3251:Black-collar
3221:White-collar
3201:Green-collar
3178:Volunteering
3015:Drug testing
3005:Cover letter
2945:Tradesperson
2783:
2750:
2746:
2729:
2720:
2710:
2699:. Retrieved
2695:
2686:
2677:
2669:
2662:
2633:
2620:
2611:
2601:
2592:
2584:
2577:. Retrieved
2561:Liberty Fund
2559:
2543:
2535:
2528:. Retrieved
2512:
2508:
2495:
2483:. Retrieved
2469:
2445:
2438:. Retrieved
2422:Liberty Fund
2420:
2404:
2396:
2389:. Retrieved
2373:
2369:
2356:
2331:
2323:
2304:
2262:
2259:Organization
2258:
2252:
2233:
2227:
2202:
2196:
2177:
2171:
2158:Wage slavery
2143:Labour power
2136:
2135:
2053:
2046:
2038:
1962:minimum wage
1939:
1932:Minimum wage
1876:
1859:
1821:
1792:freight rate
1770:charterparty
1733:for each 60-
1724:
1650:
1635:
1622:
1613:
1585:
1581:tip payouts.
1580:
1576:
1573:remunerative
1568:
1562:
1558:minimum wage
1556:
1553:compensatory
1536:
1534:
1422:Credit union
1319:Growth stock
1297:independence
1119:
1057:Student loan
1014:
911:Publications
876:
499:Sociological
472: /
370:Geographical
350:Evolutionary
325:Digitization
290:Agricultural
194:Mathematical
165:Econometrics
84:
75:
51:
5298:Game theory
5263:Development
5210:Uncertainty
5090:Price floor
5070:Preferences
5009:Competition
4979:Information
4942:Externality
4925:Equilibrium
4866:Transaction
4844:Opportunity
4805:Aggregation
4570:Historical:
4294:Resignation
4234:Termination
4217:Slow living
4185:Truck wages
4170:Labour camp
4098:Willingness
3990:Infractions
3645:Living wage
3588:Remote work
3256:Gold-collar
3211:Pink-collar
3206:Grey-collar
3196:Blue-collar
3163:Labour hire
3138:Cooperative
3102:Recruitment
3057:Job hunting
2990:Application
2972:Wage labour
2957:Labour hire
2910:Job sharing
2148:Proletarian
2105:Wage labour
2043:Definitions
2034: $ 20+
1993:living wage
1954:labor union
1751:shipbuilder
1661:city-states
1615:Wage labour
1604:wage labour
1417:Cooperative
1379:Stockbroker
1369:Speculation
1354:Market risk
1082:Refinancing
1072:Payday loan
1052:Rent-to-own
1042:Credit card
1037:Charge card
747:von Neumann
400:Information
340:Engineering
320:Development
315:Demographic
257:Game theory
199:Methodology
5431:Categories
5328:Managerial
5248:Behavioral
5121:Production
5058:Oligopsony
4898:Elasticity
4810:Budget set
4504:Wage curve
4311:Retirement
4224:Workaholic
4202:Work ethic
4069:Wage theft
4054:Labour law
4049:Evaluation
4034:Dress code
3799:Sick leave
3764:Child care
3726:Salary cap
3640:Income tax
3603:Shift work
3535:Time clock
3530:Sick leave
3525:Sabbatical
3490:Break room
3478:Attendance
3447:Profession
3432:Mentorship
3410:Retraining
3335:E-learning
3231:New-collar
3226:Red-collar
3173:Supervisor
3153:Internship
3072:Onboarding
2940:Technician
2935:Journeyman
2905:Gig worker
2871:Employment
2701:2023-10-02
2572:. p.
2433:. p.
2164:References
2115:Real wages
2110:Wage share
2085:Employment
1952:, where a
1930:See also:
1896:real wages
1873:Corruption
1856:Wage theft
1850:See also:
1816:See also:
1778:shipmaster
1772:between a
1755:ship-owner
1749:between a
1638:piece rate
1592:commission
1220:allocation
1196:investment
1144:Retirement
1097:Bankruptcy
1067:Title loan
906:Economists
777:Schumacher
682:Schumpeter
652:von Wieser
572:von ThĂĽnen
533:economists
509:Statistics
504:Solidarity
425:Managerial
390:Humanistic
385:Historical
330:Ecological
295:Behavioral
189:Mainstream
5369:Economics
5241:Subfields
5136:Rationing
5053:Oligopoly
5048:Monopsony
5036:Bilateral
4969:Household
4820:Convexity
4691:Workhouse
4611:Busy work
4425:Recession
4289:Pink slip
4247:Dismissal
4110:Careerism
3704:Singapore
3682:Hong Kong
3545:Schedules
3464:Tradesman
3365:Licensure
3325:Education
3295:Avocation
3236:No-collar
3216:Precariat
3097:Probation
3052:Job fraud
2807:163149563
2799:317650570
2602:Edgenuity
2549:Hammurabi
2501:Hammurabi
2462:Hammurabi
2410:Hammurabi
2362:Hammurabi
2287:143251928
2279:1350-5084
1836:seniority
1681:home city
1272:Financial
1225:economics
822:Greenspan
787:Samuelson
767:Galbraith
737:Tinbergen
677:von Mises
672:Heckscher
632:Edgeworth
450:Personnel
410:Knowledge
375:Happiness
365:Financial
335:Education
310:Democracy
204:Political
170:Heterodox
113:Economics
78:July 2024
66:talk page
5416:Category
5362:See also
5253:Business
5225:Marginal
5220:Expected
5161:Shortage
5156:Scarcity
5031:Monopoly
4937:Exchange
4849:Implicit
4839:Marginal
4599:See also
4525:Workfare
4350:Turnover
3746:Benefits
3627:salaries
3583:Overtime
3573:Flextime
3505:Gap year
3500:Furlough
3469:Vocation
3452:Operator
3315:Coaching
3270:training
3148:Employer
3143:Employee
3047:Job fair
2925:Side job
2803:50016270
2774:(2002).
2648:cite web
2579:June 20,
2551:(1904).
2530:June 20,
2503:(1903).
2485:June 20,
2464:(1910).
2440:June 20,
2412:(1904).
2391:June 20,
2364:(1903).
2130:Overtime
2067:See also
2061:employee
2056:employee
1989:heat map
1707:used by
1596:gratuity
1545:employee
1541:employer
1393:See also
1032:Car loan
1027:Mortgage
915:journals
901:Glossary
852:Stiglitz
817:Rothbard
797:Buchanan
782:Friedman
772:Koopmans
762:Leontief
742:Robinson
627:Marshall
531:Notable
479:Regional
455:Planning
430:Monetary
360:Feminist
305:Cultural
300:Business
105:a series
103:Part of
60:You may
5374:Applied
5353:Welfare
5215:Utility
5175:Surplus
5114:Pricing
5026:Duopoly
5019:Perfect
4962:Service
4930:General
4834:Average
4575:U.S.A.:
4180:Peonage
4155:Slavery
4105:Boreout
3844:Karoshi
3794:Pension
3578:On-call
3283:Artisan
2967:Laborer
2782:(ed.).
2721:Reuters
2566:Chicago
2427:Chicago
1913:Nominal
1868:Effects
1803:⁄
1785:⁄
1727:Law 234
1720:shekels
1709:artisan
1675:into a
1665:Assyria
1447:Fintech
1292:planner
1277:adviser
1154:Pension
921:Schools
913: (
872:Piketty
867:Krugman
732:Kuznets
722:Kalecki
697:Polanyi
587:Cournot
582:Bastiat
567:Ricardo
557:Malthus
547:Quesnay
519:Welfare
489:Service
160:Applied
136:Outline
131:History
5199:Supply
5190:Demand
5126:Profit
4994:Market
4856:Social
4279:Layoff
3829:Crunch
3687:Europe
3677:Canada
3665:Europe
3266:Career
3107:Résumé
2982:Hiring
2890:Casual
2797:
2757:
2344:
2311:
2285:
2277:
2240:
2219:649749
2217:
2184:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1921:
1919:
1911:
1909:
1776:and a
1753:and a
1743:vessel
1739:bushel
1712:guilds
1703:, and
1701:weight
1697:volume
1689:length
1642:clocks
1577:prizes
1567:, and
1543:to an
1230:growth
1115:Salary
1013:
1011:Credit
857:Thaler
837:Ostrom
832:Becker
827:Sowell
807:Baumol
712:Myrdal
707:Sraffa
702:Frisch
692:Knight
687:Keynes
662:Fisher
657:Veblen
642:Pareto
622:Menger
617:George
612:Jevons
607:Walras
597:Gossen
465:Public
460:Policy
415:Labour
380:Health
237:Market
5318:Labor
5303:Green
5075:Price
4957:Goods
4947:Firms
4140:McJob
3660:World
3623:Wages
3485:Break
3131:Roles
2778:. In
2556:(PDF)
2417:(PDF)
2283:S2CID
2215:JSTOR
1925:wages
1915:wages
1840:Japan
1794:on a
1766:gerah
1764:of 3-
1759:ferry
1737:(300-
1669:Sumer
1374:Stock
1282:asset
1215:Asset
894:Lists
862:Hoppe
847:Lucas
812:Solow
802:Arrow
792:Simon
757:Lange
752:Hicks
727:Röpke
717:Hayek
667:Pigou
637:Clark
552:Smith
514:Urban
494:Socio
484:Rural
184:Macro
180:Micro
141:Index
68:, or
5232:Wage
5141:Rent
5109:Free
4861:Sunk
4829:Cost
4822:and
3625:and
3268:and
3035:list
2795:OCLC
2755:ISBN
2654:link
2581:2021
2532:2021
2487:2021
2442:2021
2393:2021
2342:ISBN
2338:1955
2309:ISBN
2275:ISSN
2238:ISBN
2182:ISBN
1934:and
1854:and
1834:and
1762:rate
1705:time
1693:area
1687:for
1667:and
1646:hour
1579:and
1571:and
1549:work
1547:for
1537:wage
1407:Bank
1287:plan
1242:Cash
1194:and
1120:Wage
1062:Pawn
1018:Debt
878:more
602:Marx
592:Mill
577:List
5323:Law
3158:Job
2267:doi
2207:doi
1997:MIT
1735:gur
1671:by
1663:in
1267:ETF
1257:ESG
842:Sen
562:Say
420:Law
5433::
2805:,
2801:,
2719:.
2694:.
2650:}}
2646:{{
2600:.
2583:.
2574:95
2568::
2558:.
2534:.
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2519::
2511:.
2507:.
2478::
2468:.
2453:^
2444:.
2435:83
2429::
2419:.
2395:.
2386:85
2384::
2380::
2372:.
2368:.
2340:.
2295:^
2281:.
2273:.
2263:11
2261:.
2213:.
2051::
1987:A
1842:.
1741:)
1722:.
1699:,
1695:,
1691:,
1627::
1561:,
1535:A
182:/
107:on
5201:/
5192:/
5163:/
5107:/
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2792:.
2723:.
2704:.
2656:)
2604:.
2513:2
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2374:2
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2269::
2246:.
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