183:
next to existing slums and developing a formal recycling sorting facility in the new site, Residencial Nova
ChocolatĂŁo, linked to the garbage-collection process of the city (an example of linking the sub-domains of 'emission and waste' and 'organization and governance'); and establishing a fully resourced early childhood centre in the new community. The Vila ChocolatĂŁo Sustainability Network group continues to meet and work with the community post the resettlement. This network-led model is now being utilized by the City of Porto Alegre with other informal settlements.
107:, Briefing Paper, No. 1, 2008. The researchers developed a method and an integrated set of tools for assessing and monitoring issues of sustainability while providing guidance for project development. The method was then further refined through projects in Melbourne and Milwaukee, and through an ARC-funded cross-disciplinary project that partnered with various organizations including Microsoft Australia, Fuji Xerox Australia, the City of Melbourne, World Vision, UN-Habitat and most crucially Metropolis. In Canada, the
219:
Metropolis, 2012–2013 for Indian, Brazilian and
Iranian cities. A workshop was held in New Delhi, 26–27 July 2012, and senior planners from New Delhi, Hyderabad and Kolkata used the two of the assessment tools in the Circles of Sustainability toolbox to map the sustainability of their cities as part of developing their urban-regional plans. Other cities to use the same tools have been Tehran (in relation to their mega-projects plan) and São Paulo (in relation to their macro-metropolitan plan).
179:
agencies, non-government organisations and the corporate sector. The project was supported by the City of Porto Alegre through the municipality's Local
Solidarity Governance Scheme. In 2006, the Vila Chocolatao resettlement project was recognised as a pilot project for the then new Cities Programme model with City Hall assembling a Critical Reference Group to identify critical issues and joint solutions to those issues involved in the resettlement.
83:
number of indicators included within many such methods means that they are often unwieldy and resist effective implementation. Fourthly, the restricted focus of current indicator sets means that they do not work across different organizational and social settings—corporations and other institutions, cities, and communities. Most indicator approaches, such as the
195:, wanted to address the issue of water quality in the city. The Circles of Sustainability methodology became the basis for an integrated city project. In the period of the application of the method (2009–present) there has been a rediscovery of the value of water from an industry and broader community perspective.
59:'. Developing Circles of Sustainability is part of larger project called 'Circles of Social Life', using the same four-domain model to analyze questions of resilience, adaptation, security, reconciliation. It is also being used in relation to thematics such as 'Circles of Child Wellbeing' (with World Vision).
258:
decided to shift its orientation towards urban settings. Previously 80 per cent of its projects had been in small rural communities. The
Circles of Sustainability method now underpins that reorientation and pilot studies are being conducted in India, South Africa, Lebanon, Indonesia and elsewhere, to
182:
This long-standing collaborative project has been successful in rehousing a whole community of slum dwellers, it has also effected a restructuring of how the city approaches slums. The project ensured sustainability was built into the relocation through changes such as setting up of recycling depots
222:
From 2012 to 2014, the Cities
Programme and Metropolis worked together to refine the 'Circles of Sustainability' method for use with their respective member cities. After the Cities Programme changed direction, a Metropolis Taskforce was charged with further developing the method. The method became
198:
In 2011, Milwaukee won the United States Water Prize given by the Clean Water
America Alliance, as well as a prize from IBM Better Cities program worth $ 500,000. The community has also attracted some leading water treatment innovators and is establishing a graduate School of Freshwater Sciences at
82:
approach tends to take the economy as its primary point of focus with the domain of the environmental as the key externality. Secondly, the one-dimensional quantitative basis of many such methods means that they have limited purchase on complex qualitative issues. Thirdly, the size, scope and sheer
157:
Cities
Programme from 2009 to 2014 for its engagement with its more than 80 Signatory Cities. In particular, some of the 14 Innovating Cities in the programme have influenced the development of the Circles of Sustainability method through their management of major projects, some with intensity and
128:
to support their engagement in cities. Cities that have used the
Circles method in different ways to manage major projects or to provide feedback on their sustainability profiles include the following: Berlin, Broadmeadows, Christchurch, Hobart, Hyderabad, Johannesburg, Maryborough, Melbourne, New
178:
system. The lengthy preparation to resettle was led by a local cross-sectoral network group, the Vila
ChocolatĂŁo Sustainability Network. The group was initially instigated by the Regional Court, TRF4 and consisted of the Vila ChocolatĂŁo Residents Association, local government departments, federal
218:
In 2011, the research team were invited by
Metropolis to work with the Victorian Government and the Cities Programme on one of their major initiatives. The methodology was central to the approach used by the 'Integrated Strategic Planning and Public-Private Partnerships Initiative' organized by
702:
The methodology was used by Metropolis for Commission 2, 2012, Managing Urban Growth. This Commission, which met across the period 2009–2011, was asked to make recommendations for use by Metropolis's 120 member cities on the theme of managing growth. The Commission Report using the 'Circles of
344:
Environmental variables measure how optimally was natural resources used, in its complete cycle. The cycle starts from identifying of source, procurement/ extraction from raw source, processing to obtain required material, production of production and waste discharge during the entire process.
370:
The political is defined as the practices and meanings associated with basic issues of social power, such as organization, authorization, legitimation and regulation. The parameters of this area extend beyond the conventional sense of politics to include not only issues of public and private
245:
Cities Programme) and Chetan Vedya (Director, National Institute of Urban Affairs, India) into a debate around the question of urban sustainability and metropolitan growth. It led to over 200 letters to the editor in direct response as well as numerous linked citations on other websites.
111:
was inspired by studying the UN Circles of Sustainability. However, unlike this system, the Canadian index data-sets are focused on measuring the physical footprints of human activity and greenspace footprints which are less subjectivity than cultural and economic indicators.
312:
The ecological domain is defined as the practices and meanings that occur across the intersection between the social and the natural realms, focusing on the important dimension of human engagement with and within nature, but also including the built-environment.
594:
Liam Magee, Andy Scerri, Paul James, Lin Padgham, James Thom, Hepu Deng, Sarah Hickmott, and Felicity Cahill, 'Reframing Sustainability Reporting: Towards an Engaged Approach', Environment, Development and Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 1, 2013, pp.
174:, Brazil. The resettlement project of Vila ChocolatĂŁo commenced in 2000 in response to an imminent eviction of the community, with community members seeking resources and support to resettle through the city of Porto Alegre's renown
77:
is on the global agenda. However, the more complex the problems, the less useful current sustainability assessment tools seem to be for assessing across different domains: economics, ecology, politics and culture. For example, the
271:
that treat economics as if it is outside the social, or that treat the environment as an externality. It uses a four-domain model – economics, ecology, politics and culture. In each of these domains there are 7 subdomains.
280:
The economic domain is defined as the practices and meanings associated with the production, use, and management of resources, where the concept of 'resources' is used in the broadest sense of that word.
994:; Holden, Meg; Lewin, Mary; Neilson, Lyndsay; Oakley, Christine; Truter, Art; Wilmoth, David (2013). "Managing Metropolises by Negotiating Mega-Urban Growth". In Harald Mieg and Klaus Töpfer (ed.).
103:, which tended to treat economics as the core domain and ecology as an externality. Two concurrent developments provided impetus: a major project in Porto Alegre, and a United Nations' paper called
215:. The Commission Report using the Circles of Sustainability methodology was published on the web in three languages—English, French and Spanish—and is used by member cities as a guide to practice.
638:, vol. 45, no. 2, 2010, pp. 219–36. Andy Scerri and Paul James, 'Accounting for Sustainability: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Research in Developing 'Indicators' of Sustainability',
87:
or ISO14031, have been limited to large corporate organizations with easily definable legal and economic boundaries. Circles of Sustainability was developed to respond to those limitations.
642:, vol. 13, no. 1, 2010, pp. 41–53. Paul James and Andy Scerri, 'Auditing Cities through Circles of Sustainability', Mark Amen, Noah J. Toly, Patricia L. Carney and Klaus Segbers, eds,
585:
Liam Magee, Paul James, Andy Scerri, 'Measuring Social Sustainability: A Community-Centred Approach', Applied Research in the Quality of Life, vol. 7, no. 3., 2012, pp. 239–61.
646:, Ashgate, Farnham, 2011, pp. 111–36. Andy Scerri, 'Ends in View: The capabilities approach in ecological/sustainability economics', Ecological Economics 77, 2012, pp. 7–10.
55:
Circles of Sustainability, and its treatment of the social domains of ecology, economics, politics and culture, provides the empirical dimension of an approach called '
402:
The cultural domain is defined as the practices, discourses, and material expressions, which, over time, express continuities and discontinuities of social meaning.
211:. This commission, which met across the period 2009–2011, was asked to make recommendations for use by Metropolis's 120 member cities on the theme of managing
703:
Sustainability' methodology was published on the web in three languages—English, French and Spanish—and is used by member cities as a guide to practice. (See
120:
The method is used by a number of cities across the world, and was at different times central to the work of a series of global organizations including the
800:
874:
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others as a background feature. They use a cross-sectoral and holistic approach for developing a response to self-defined problems.
1144:
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707:
560:
1099:
166:
The Vila ChocolatĂŁo project refers to the 2011 resettlement of approximately 1,000 residents of the inner-city Vila ChocolatĂŁo
32:
directed towards socially sustainable outcomes. It is intended to handle 'seemingly intractable problems' such as outlined in
1053:"Accounting for sustainability: Combining qualitative and quantitative research in developing 'indicators' of sustainability"
656:
875:"Metropolis Initiative "Integrated Strategic Planning and Public Private Partnerships" meets in New Delhi | Metropolis"
617:'Semantic Technologies to Help Machines Understand Us: Fuji Xerox leads RMIT to $ 1.4m Grant for Real-Time Green Reports',
459:
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In 2011, recognising how much the two processes of urbanization and globalization were changing the landscape of poverty,
1134:
981:
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1005:
Liam Magee; Andy Scerri; Paul James; James A. Thom; Lin Padgham; Sarah Hickmott; Hepu Deng; Felicity Cahill (2013).
1129:
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465:
242:
121:
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689:, June 1, 2012. Matthew T. Clements, 'Abstract: Economics cannot claim to be absolutely objective...',
1018:
Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy (2012). "From Issues to Indicators: A Response to Grosskurth and Rotmans".
882:
74:
454:
267:
The Circles of Sustainability approach is explicitly critical of other domain models such as the
175:
142:
100:
33:
621:, 30 October 2009. Mary-Lou Considine, 'UN-RMIT Relationship Tackles Problems in the Pacific',
444:
959:
Borah, Michael (13 May 2018). "Sustainability measure: What is it and how do we measure it?".
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Andy Scerri and Paul James, 'Communities of Citizens and "Indicators" of Sustainability',
8:
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608:, United Nations Global Compact, Cities Programme, New York and Melbourne, 2010, 134pp.
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central to work until the COVID period made international travel more difficult.
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The method began with a fundamental dissatisfaction with current approaches to
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Delhi, Punta Arenas, SĂŁo Paulo, and Tehran. It is a method for understanding
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1007:"Reframing social sustainability reporting: Towards an engaged approach"
67:
973:
Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability
506:
Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability
39:
The style of the charts themselves could be described as a mixture of
1090:
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Institutional and Social Innovation for Sustainable Urban Development
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debates. The method is mostly used for cities and urban settlements.
732:
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refine the methodology for aid delivery in complex urban settings.
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Cities Programme, The World Association of Major Metropolises, and
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932:"Sustainability measure: What is it and how do we measure it?"
970:; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015).
503:; with Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred B. (2015).
966:
604:
Stephanie McCarthy, Paul James and Carolines Bayliss, eds,
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governance but more broadly social relations in general.
203:
Metropolis (World Association of the Major Metropolises)
161:
1017:
990:
1057:
International Journal of Social Research Methodology
640:
International Journal of Social Research Methodology
815:"UN Global Compact | Milwaukee Water Council"
705:http://www.metropolis.org/publications/commissions
148:
207:The methodology was first used by Metropolis for
1111:
845:"Publications / Commissions | Metropolis"
24:is a method for understanding and assessing
1046:
1011:Environment, Development and Sustainability
262:
209:Commission 2, 2012, Managing Urban Growth
199:the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
187:Milwaukee, water sustainability project
1112:
153:The methodology was made available by
73:in Napoli (2012) and Medellin (2014),
1120:Environmental social science concepts
929:
162:Porto Alegre, Vila ChocolatĂŁo project
1140:United Nations Environment Programme
460:Ecologically sustainable development
115:
561:"UN-HABITAT.:. World Urban Forum 6"
16:Method for assessing sustainability
13:
1150:Sustainability metrics and indices
771:"Milwaukee – The Cities Programme"
14:
1161:
1093:Circles of Sustainability website
1084:
625:, August–September 2009, p. 150.
352:Concentration of nitrogen oxides
226:
1145:Environmental impact assessment
923:
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793:
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725:"CITIES – The Cities Programme"
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531:"CITIES - The Cities Programme"
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149:Global Compact Cities Programme
1106:Green Score City Index website
930:Borah, Michael (13 May 2018).
801:"Clean Water America Alliance"
756:, 29 April 2009; John Schmid,
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384:Representation and negotiation
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685:'Subjectivity in Economics',
636:Community Development Journal
466:Sustainable Development Goals
349:Sulphur dioxide concentration
300:Technology and infrastructure
243:United Nations Global Compact
122:United Nations Global Compact
105:Accounting for Sustainability
1032:10.1080/13549839.2012.714755
963:. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
644:Cities and Global Governance
355:Selected priority pollutants
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137:, as well as for conducting
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1091:circlesofsustainability.com
905:"Economist Debates: Cities"
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390:Dialogue and reconciliation
375:Organization and governance
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85:Global Reporting Initiative
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1135:Sustainable urban planning
758:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel
754:Milwaukee Business Journal
606:Sustainable Cities, Vol. 1
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381:Communication and critique
307:
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1069:10.1080/13645570902864145
409:Creativity and recreation
393:Ethics and accountability
332:Embodiment and sustenance
291:Accounting and regulation
285:Production and resourcing
75:sustainability assessment
22:Circles of Sustainability
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329:Built-form and transport
1130:Sustainable development
691:St. Edward's University
657:"GreenScore City Index"
455:Sustainable development
406:Identity and engagement
361:Electricity consumption
326:Habitat and settlements
303:Wealth and distribution
176:participatory budgeting
143:sustainable development
141:analysis and profiling
101:sustainable development
34:sustainable development
881:. 2012. Archived from
851:. 2012. Archived from
821:. 2012. Archived from
777:. 2012. Archived from
731:. 2012. Archived from
710:19 August 2012 at the
663:. 2014. Archived from
537:. 2012. Archived from
445:Applied sustainability
418:Gender and generations
263:Domains and subdomains
109:Green Score City Index
1102:16 March 2022 at the
976:. London: Routledge.
509:. London: Routledge.
450:Social sustainability
412:Memory and projection
288:Exchange and transfer
567:on 11 September 2012
424:Wellbeing and health
421:Enquiry and learning
317:Materials and energy
193:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
819:thewatercouncil.com
781:on 7 September 2012
775:citiesprogramme.com
729:citiesprogramme.com
667:on 4 September 2018
535:citiesprogramme.com
387:Security and accord
358:Excessive nutrients
294:Consumption and use
335:Emission and waste
297:Labour and welfare
269:triple bottom line
80:Triple Bottom Line
30:project management
1125:Impact assessment
1020:Local Environment
885:on 6 October 2012
855:on 19 August 2012
825:on 15 August 2012
735:on 18 August 2012
541:on 18 August 2012
241:(Director of the
155:UN Global Compact
116:Use of the method
71:World Urban Forum
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256:World Vision
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250:World Vision
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172:Porto Alegre
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1049:James, Paul
992:James, Paul
968:James, Paul
915:8 September
889:8 September
859:8 September
829:8 September
785:8 September
739:8 September
619:IT Business
571:9 September
545:8 September
501:James, Paul
41:radar chart
1114:Categories
954:References
941:23 October
239:Paul James
68:UN Habitat
28:, and for
1077:145391691
1040:153340355
276:Economics
233:In 2011,
191:In 2009,
45:bar chart
1100:Archived
1051:(2010).
708:Archived
671:20 April
429:See also
366:Politics
237:invited
66:and the
595:225–43.
398:Culture
308:Ecology
91:History
51:Outline
1075:
1038:
980:
961:Medium
936:Medium
911:. 2012
513:
213:growth
64:Rio+20
1073:S2CID
1036:S2CID
487:Notes
978:ISBN
943:2023
917:2012
891:2012
861:2012
831:2012
787:2012
741:2012
687:SSRN
673:2018
573:2012
547:2012
511:ISBN
168:slum
133:and
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1065:doi
1028:doi
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