Battle of Culloden

1610:. Interesting finds have been made in the areas on which the fiercest fighting occurred on the government left wing, particularly where Barrell's and Dejean's regiments stood. For example, pistol balls and pieces of shattered muskets have been uncovered here which indicate close-quarters fighting, as pistols were used only at close range, and the musket pieces appear to have been smashed by pistol/musket balls or heavy broadswords. Finds of musket balls appear to mirror the lines of men who stood and fought. Some balls appear to have been dropped without being fired, some missed their targets, and others are distorted from hitting human bodies. In some cases, it may be possible to identify whether the Jacobites or government soldiers fired certain rounds because the Jacobite forces are known to have used a large number of French muskets, which fired a slightly smaller calibre shot than that of the British Army's 933: 1626:, may lead archaeologists to these graves. A geophysical survey, directly beneath the spot at which the coin was found, seems to indicate the existence of a large rectangular burial pit. It is thought possible that the coin was dropped by a soldier who once served on the Continent while he visited the graves of his fallen comrades. The National Trust of Scotland is currently trying to restore Culloden Moor, as closely as possible, to the state it was in during the Battle of Culloden Moor. It is also trying to expand the land under its care to ensure the full battlefield is protected under the NTS. Another goal is to restore Leannach Cottage and allow visitors once again to tour its interior. 1207:

a small battalion of MacGregors. At least two of those present at Ruthven, James Johnstone and John Daniel, recorded that the Highland troops remained in good spirits despite the defeat and eager to resume the campaign. At that point, continuing Jacobite resistance remained potentially viable in terms of manpower. At least a third of the army had either missed or slept through Culloden, which along with survivors from the battle gave a potential force of 5,000 to 6,000 men. However the roughly 1,500 men who assembled at Ruthven Barracks received orders from Charles to the effect that the army should disperse until he returned with French support.

1448: 160: 1180: 4900: 619: 925: 1587: 1876: 1020: 696: 1635: 897:, Lord John Drummond walked across the front of the Jacobite lines to try and tempt the government infantry into firing early, but they maintained their discipline. The three MacDonald regiments (Keppoch's, Clanranald's and Glengarry's) stalled before resorting to ineffectual long-range musket fire. They also lost senior officers, as Clanranald was wounded and Keppoch killed. The smaller units on their right (Maclachlan's Regiment and Chisholm's and Monaltrie's battalions) advanced into an area swept by artillery fire and suffered heavy losses before falling back. 4273: 1529: 790: 174: 1347: 1088: 1285:

Highlands, and on 17 May, three battalions of regulars and eight Highland companies reoccupied Fort Augustus. The same day, the Macphersons surrendered. On the day of the planned rendezvous, Clanranald never appeared and Lochgarry and Barisdale showed up with only about 300 combined, most of whom immediately dispersed in search of food. Lochiel, who commanded possibly the strongest Jacobite regiment at Culloden, mustered 300 men. The group dispersed, and the following week, the government launched

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ground along the road running diagonally across Drummossie Moor. The five regiments became entangled as a single mass, converging on the government left. The confusion was worsened when the three largest regiments lost their commanding officers, all at the front of the advance: MacGillivray and MacBean of Lady Mackintosh's both went down; Inverallochie of Lovat's fell and Lochiel had his ankles broken by canister within a few yards of the government lines.

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were almost upon us before we had loaden again. We immediately gave them another full Fire and the Front Rank charged their Bayonets Breast high, and the Center and Rear Ranks kept up a continual Firing, which, in half an Hour's Time, routed their whole Army. Only Barrel's Regiment and ours was engaged, the Rebels designing to break or flank us but our Fire was so hot, most of us having discharged nine Shot each, that they were disappointed".

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under Perth. While Murray led his detachment back to camp along the Inverness road, Perth continued, unaware of the change in plan. One account claims his troops made contact with government sentries before realising their colleagues had turned around. Although some historians suggest the night attack might have remained viable if he had continued, most argue their numbers were too small to have any effect.

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upon the right where I had placed myself, imagining the greatest push would be there, they came down there several times within a hundred yards of our men, firing their pistols and brandishing their swords, but the Royal Scots and Pulteneys hardly took their fire-locks from their shoulders, so that after those faint attempts they made off; and the little squadrons on our right were sent to pursue them".

741:, which was inspected by Brigadier Stapleton of the Irish Brigade and Colonel Ker on the morning of 15 April. They rejected Murray's suggestion, arguing the ground was "mossy and soft", while it also failed to protect the road into Inverness. The debate remained unresolved by the time of the battle, while the Jacobite army ultimately formed their line west of the site originally chosen by Sullivan. 1616:. Analysis of the finds confirms that the Jacobites used muskets in greater numbers than has traditionally been thought. Not far from where the hand-to-hand fighting took place, fragments of mortar shells have been found. Though Forbes's headstones mark the graves of the Jacobites, the location of the graves of about 60 government soldiers is unknown. However, the recent discovery of a 1752 silver 3030:

armed force took place during the Second World War. On 27 September 1940, a German Ju 88 bomber crash-landed on Graveney Marsh in Kent. When some British troops who were billeted in a nearby pub turned up to investigate, they came under machine-gun fire from the crew. The British returned fire, and – after one German airman was shot in the foot – the crew surrendered.

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general deroute wch will soon be, Seize upon the Prince & take him off ...". Contrary to government depictions of Charles as a coward, he yelled "they won't take me alive!" and called for a final charge into the government lines: Shea, however, followed Sullivan's advice and led Charles from the field, accompanied by Perth and Glenbucket's regiments.

1373:. Only one copy still exists, which appears to be forged since it was not signed by Murray, and appears on the bottom half of a copy of a declaration published in 1745. Over the next two days, the moor was searched and wounded rebels were put to death. In total, over 20,000 head of livestock, sheep, and goats were driven off and sold at 1111:, and the remains of the Jacobite right wing also retired southwards. The MacDonald and the other Highland left-wing regiments, however, were cut off by the government cavalry and were forced to retreat down the road to Inverness. The result was that they were a clear target for government dragoons. Major-General 1206:

Following the battle, the Jacobites' Lowland regiments headed south towards Corrybrough and made their way to Ruthven Barracks, and their Highland units made their way north towards Inverness and on through to Fort Augustus. There, they were joined by Barisdale's battalion of Glengarry's regiment and

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to ride them down. The boggy ground, however, impeded the cavalry, and they turned to engage the Irish Picquets whom Sullivan and Lord John Drummond had brought up in an attempt to stabilise the deteriorating Jacobite left flank. Cumberland later wrote: "They came running on in their wild manner, and

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for government troops following the battle. A stone, known as "The English Stone", is situated west of the Old Leanach cottage and is said to mark the burial place of the government dead. West of this site lies another stone, erected by Forbes to mark the place that the body of Alexander McGillivray

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In striking contrast to the Jacobite losses, the government losses were reported as 50 dead and 259 wounded. Of the 438 men of Barrell's 4th Foot, 17 were killed and 104 were wounded. However, a large proportion of those recorded as wounded are likely to have died of their wounds. Only 29 men out of

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are estimated at between 1,500 and 2,000 killed or wounded, with many of them occurring in the pursuit after the battle. Cumberland's official list of prisoners taken includes 154 Jacobites and 222 "French" prisoners (men from the "foreign units" in the French service). Added to the official list of

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As Cumberland's forces formed into line of battle, it became clear that their right flank was in an exposed position, and Cumberland moved up additional cavalry and other units to reinforce it. In the Jacobite lines, Sullivan moved two battalions of Lord Lewis Gordon's regiment to cover the walls at

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about 1 km to their right. Their left wing, anchored on the Culloden Park walls, was under the command of the titular Duke of Perth, James Drummond; his brother John Drummond commanded the centre. The right wing, flanked by the Culwhiniac enclosure walls, was led by Murray. Behind them, the Low

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If we mean an engagement between two armies, then the last battle on British soil was fought on 16 April 1746 at Culloden near Inverness in Scotland...Although it might be argued that it was too small to qualify as a battle, the last military engagement on British soil against members of a foreign

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Out of 27 officers of the English "Manchester Regiment", one died in prison; one was acquitted; one was pardoned, two were released for giving evidence, four escaped, two were banished, three were transported and eleven were executed. The sergeants of the regiment suffered worse, with seven out of

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An unknown British Army corporal's description of the charge into the government's left wing: "When we saw them coming towards us in great Haste and Fury, we fired at about 50 Yards Distance, which made Hundreds fall; notwithstanding which, they were so numerous, that they still advanced, and

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appear to have retired from the field in two wings; one part surrendered after suffering 50 killed or wounded, but their colours were not taken and a large number retired from the field with the Jacobite Lowland regiments. A few Highland regiments also withdrew in good order, notably Lovat's first

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and commenced an orderly retreat, moving along the Culwhiniac enclosure to shield themselves from artillery fire. Immediately, the half battalion of Highland militia, commanded by Captain Colin Campbell of Ballimore, which had stood inside the enclosure ambushed them. In the encounter, Campbell of

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to within 100 m of the Jacobite lines to "ascertain the strength of their battery". The government artillery responded shortly afterwards. Some later Jacobite memoirs suggest that their troops were then subjected to artillery bombardment for 30 minutes or more while Charles delayed an advance, but

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Not long after the exhausted Jacobite forces had made it back to Culloden, an officer of Lochiel's regiment, who had been left behind after falling asleep in a wood, arrived with a report of advancing government troops. By then, many Jacobite soldiers had dispersed in search of food or returned to

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and his son. The plan was that there they would be joined by what remained of Keppoch's men and Macpherson of Cluny's regiment, which had not taken part in the battle at Culloden. However, things did not go as planned. After about a month of relative inactivity, Cumberland moved his army into the

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Similar orders must have been received by the Highland units at Fort Augustus, and by 18 April, the majority of the Jacobite army had been disbanded. Officers and men of the units in French service made for Inverness, where they surrendered as prisoners of war on 19 April. Most of the rest of the

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As a result, it was one hour before dawn when Murray's leading elements reached Culraick, still 2 miles (3.2 km) from the intended crossing point over the River Nairn. After a heated debate, Murray concluded the attack should be aborted, but this message was not communicated to the 1,200 men

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The stand by the French regulars gave Charles and other senior officers time to escape. Charles seems to have been rallying Perth's and Glenbucket's regiments when Sullivan rode up to Captain Shea, commander of his bodyguard: "Yu see all is going to pot. Yu can be of no great succor, so before a

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Brigade, Lochiel's and the Appin Regiment left their start positions and charged towards Barrell's and Munro's regiments. Within a few hundred yards, however, the centre regiments, Lady Mackintosh's and Lovat's, had begun to swerve rightwards to try to avoid canister fire or to follow the firmer

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them, wheeled in upon them; the whole then gave them 5 or 6 fires with vast execution, while their front had nothing left to oppose us, but their pistolls and broadswords; and fire from their center and rear, (as, by this time, they were 20 or 30 deep) was vastly more fatal to themselves, than

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ground, mainly for tenants of the Culloden estate. Those visiting can walk the site by way of footpaths on the ground and can also enjoy a view from above on a raised platform. Possibly the most recognisable feature of the battlefield today is the 20-foot (6 m)-tall memorial

1656:, often known as "The Battle of Culloden", is the best-known portrayal of the battle and the best-known of Morier's works. It depicts the attack of the Highlanders against Barrell's Regiment and is based on sketches made by Morier in the immediate aftermath of the battle. 859:

The duration implies that the government artillery is unlikely to have fired more than thirty rounds at extreme range: statistical analysis concludes that would have caused only 20–30 Jacobite casualties at that stage, rather than the hundreds suggested by some accounts.

953:. Barrell's lost 17 killed and suffered 108 wounded, out of a total of 373 officers and men. Dejean's lost 14 killed and had 68 wounded, with the unit's left wing taking a disproportionately higher number of casualties. Barrell's regiment temporarily lost one of its two 2111:

A Highland Jacobite officer wrote: "We were likewise forbid in the attack to make use of firearms, but only of sword, dirk and bayonet, to cutt the tent strings, and pull down the poles, and where observed a swelling or bulge in the falen tent, there to strick and push

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Culwhiniac against a possible flank attack by government dragoons. Murray also moved the Jacobite right slightly forwards. That "changement", as Sullivan called it, had the unintended result of skewing the Jacobite line and opening gaps and so Sullivan ordered Perth's,

1488:(which included clan chiefs) had considerable judicial and military power over their followers such as the oft-quoted power of "pit and gallows". Lords who were loyal to the government were greatly compensated for the loss of these traditional powers. For example, the 2131:

Cumberland wrote: "A captain and fifty foot to march directly and visit all the cottages in the neighbourhood of the field of battle, and search for rebels. The officers and men will take notice that the public orders of the rebels yesterday was to give us no

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and Kilmarnock's Footguards were forced out into the open moor and were engaged by three squadrons of Kerr's 11th Dragoons. The fleeing Jacobites must have put up a fight since Kerr's 11th recorded at least 16 horses killed during the entirety of the battle.

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Country regiments were drawn up in column, in accordance with French practice. During the morning, snow and hail "started falling very thick" onto the already wet ground and later turned to rain, but the weather turned fair as the battle started.

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The Irish Picquets under Stapleton bravely covered the Highlanders' retreat from the battlefield, preventing the fleeing Jacobites from suffering heavy casualties. That action cost half of the 100 casualties that they suffered in the battle. The

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from the Jacobite position, Cumberland gave the order to form line, and the army marched forward in full battle order. John Daniel, an Englishman serving with Charles's army, recorded that on seeing the government troops the Jacobites began to

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is located near the site of the battle. It was first opened in December 2007, with the intention of preserving the battlefield in a condition similar to how it was on 16 April 1746. One difference is that it currently is covered in shrubs and

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The Jacobite right was particularly hard hit by a volley from the government regiments at nearly point-blank range, but many of its men still reached the government lines, and for the first time, a battle was decided by a direct clash between

843:'s and the Edinburgh Regiment from the second line to the first. While the Jacobites' front rank now substantially outnumbered that of Cumberland, their reserve was further depleted, increasing their reliance on a successful initial attack. 562:

Charles and his senior officers decided their only option was to stand and fight. When the two armies met at Culloden, the battle lasted less than an hour, with the Jacobites suffering a bloody defeat. This ended both the 1745 rising, and

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estate, 5 miles (8 km) to the east. The leadership was divided on whether to give battle or abandon Inverness, but with most of their dwindling supplies stored in the town, they feared retreat meant the army might disintegrate.

3314: 1171:, who was a lieutenant-colonel and the senior officer commanding Barrell's 4th Foot, was badly wounded, losing his left hand and receiving several wounds to his head. A number of captains and lieutenants had also been wounded. 805:

After the abortive night attack, the Jacobites formed up in substantially the same battle order as the previous day, with the Highland regiments forming the first line. They faced north-east over common grazing land, with the

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Shortly after 1 pm, Charles issued an order to advance, which Colonel Harry Kerr of Graden first took to Perth's regiment, on the extreme left. He then rode down the Jacobite line giving orders to each regiment in turn.

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mortars situated behind the government front line. As there was no need for careful aiming when canister was used, the rate of fire increased dramatically, and the Jacobites found themselves advancing into heavy fire.

2890:"An act to prevent the return of such rebels and traitors concerned in the late rebellion, as have been, or shall be pardoned on condition of transportation; and also to hinder their going into the enemies country." 753:

to each regiment. Hoping they would be less vigilant as a result, the Jacobite leaders decided to conduct a night attack on the government encampment. Murray's instructions were for his troops to use only swords,

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is a historical novel by Ian Colquhoun (Arima/Swirl 2008) that tells the story of the battle and the preceding days from the point of view of the Franco-Irish regulars, or 'Piquets', who covered the Jacobite

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government accounts suggest a much shorter exchange before the Jacobites attacked. Campbell of Airds, in the rear, timed it at 9 minutes, but Cumberland's aide-de-camp Yorke suggested only 2 or 3 minutes.

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Following up on the military success won by their forces, the British government enacted laws to further integrate Scotland, specifically the Scottish Highlands, with the rest of Britain. Members of the

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knowing how the battle would turn out and was still, once transported to the 18th century, caught up in the foredoomed struggle. The battle figures in the 29th episode (Season 2, episode 13) of the

730:, identified a suitable site for a defensive action at Drummossie Moor, a stretch of open moorland between the walled enclosures of Culloden Park to the north, and those of Culwhiniac to the south. 672:

left the Jacobites short of money and food. When Cumberland left Aberdeen on 8 April to resume the campaign, Charles and his officers agreed their best option was to gamble on a set piece battle.

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of Dunmaglass was found after the battle. A stone lies on the eastern side of the battlefield and is supposed to mark the spot from which Cumberland directed the battle. The battlefield has been

1269:. The result was the last real engagement of the campaign. During the six hours in which the battle continued, the Jacobites recovered cargo that had been landed by the French ships, including 765:, supported by Lord John Drummond and Prince Charles. The Jacobite force did not begin its march until well after dark, partly due to avoid being spotted by ships of the Royal Navy then in the 1710:

The Battle of Culloden and the consequent imprisonment and execution of the Jacobite prisoners of war is depicted in the song "Tam kde teče řeka Fleet" ("Where the Fleet river flows") by the

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In 1881, Duncan Forbes erected the headstones that mark the mass graves of fallen Jacobite soldiers. They lie on either side of an early 19th-century road which runs through the battlefield.

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and bravado them" but without response: "on the contrary, they continued proceeding, like a deep sullen river". Once within 500 metres, Cumberland moved his artillery up through the ranks.

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was given £21,000. The lords and clan chiefs who had supported the Jacobite rebellion were stripped of their estates, which were then sold and the profits were used to further trade and

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amongst themselves, and only one out of twenty actually came to trial. Although most of those who stood trial were sentenced to death, almost all of them had their sentences commuted to

1203:. It has been suggested that Lovat shrewdly switched sides and turned upon the retreating Jacobites, an act that would explain his remarkable rise in fortune in the years that followed. 4935: 2094:, dealing with a Scottish family that emigrated to Canada after the Battle of Culloden and examining how their past influences their present, contains numerous references to the battle. 1962:(1992, London) is a detailed fictional tale, based on historical sources, of the Scots, Highlanders, and Lowlanders, mostly the Highlanders within Clan Fraser. It has the element of 2070:

is sent back in time to 18th-century Scotland by an alien angered over the death of a child, and he participates in the Battle of Culloden before he is returned to the 23rd century.

4410:"A plan of the Battle of Culloden and the adjacent country, shewing the incampment of the English army at Nairn and the march of the Highlanders in order to attack them by night" 629:

Despite its lack of tangible result, the invasion boosted recruiting, bringing Jacobite strength to over 8,000. These troops, along with French-supplied artillery, were used to

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and formed infantry equipped with muskets and socket bayonets. The brunt of the Jacobite impact, led by Lochiel's regiment, was taken by only two government regiments:

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The Jacobite left, by contrast, advanced much more slowly, hampered by boggy ground and by having several hundred yards further to cover. According to the account of

692:, an action for which he was later criticised. By 14 April, the Jacobites had evacuated Nairn, and the government troops camped at Balblair just west of the town. 6937: 1384:

that were full of people imprisoned by Jacobite supporters by replacing them with Jacobites themselves. Prisoners were taken south to England to stand trial for

1980:, based upon Gabaldon's series of books. The battle and its importance to Scottish history is alluded to many times in the books and throughout the TV series. 1659:

David Morier in fact made two paintings depicting the battle; the second (pictured right) is a coloured woodcut painting that shows a plan of the battlefield.

4944: 2081:(2001) in the aftermath of the Battle of Culloden. The work was praised by national critics when it came out and eventually won the PEN Club Fiction Award. 801:

Culloden House, in 1746, where the Jacobite leader Charles Edward Stuart had his headquarters and lodgings in the days leading up to the Battle of Culloden

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army broke up, with men heading for home or attempting to escape abroad, although the Appin Regiment amongst others was still in arms as late as July.

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felt the relatively flat and open ground selected by O'Sullivan favoured the government troops. He suggested an alternative steeply sloping site near

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on 27 February, and both sides halted operations until the weather improved. Although several French shipments were received during the winter, the

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being held by France. Of the total 3,471 prisoners recorded, nothing is known of the fate of 648. The high-ranking "rebel lords" were executed on

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From that point onward, the fleeing Jacobite forces were split into several groups: the Lowland regiments retired southwards, making their way to

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before being forced to turn back. However, by April 1746, the Jacobites were short of supplies, facing a superior and better equipped opponent.

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With visible proof that the French had not deserted them, a group of Jacobite leaders attempted to prolong the campaign. On 8 May, nearby at

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the 104 wounded from Barrell's 4th Foot later survived to claim pensions, and all six of the artillerymen recorded as wounded later died.

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and Brigadier Stapleton were also sent forward to repeat the order. As the Jacobites left their lines, the government gunners switched to

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and bayonets, to overturn tents and subsequently to locate "a swelling or bulge in the fallen tent, there to strike and push vigorously".

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ten hanged. At least seven privates were executed, some no doubt died in prison, and most of the rest were transported to the colonies.

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The plan drawn up by Murray called for simultaneous attacks on Cumberland's front and rear by his troops, and a second force under the

1228:, where Charles Edward Stuart had first landed at the outset of the campaign in 1745. There, on 30 April, they were met by two French 1057:

and Kilmarnock's Footguards, who were still unengaged, but when they had been brought into position, the Jacobite first line had been

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As the first of the fleeing Highlanders approached Inverness, they were met by the 2nd battalion of Lovat's regiment, led by the

4990: 4409: 4403: 4391: 3050: 2404: 1815: 1562:, erected by Duncan Forbes in 1881. In the same year, Forbes also erected headstones to mark the mass graves of the clans. The 1460: 384: 4341: 1320:. For five months, Charles crisscrossed the Hebrides, constantly pursued by government supporters and under threat from local 1155:; Commissary-General Lachlan Maclachlan; and Walter Stapleton, who died of wounds shortly after the battle. Others, including 5092: 4779: 4694: 4310: 4213: 4176: 4135: 4093: 4074: 4055: 4036: 4017: 3998: 3908: 3886: 3864: 3771: 3748: 3729: 3677: 3645: 3603: 3581: 3552: 3444: 1361:

The morning after the battle, Cumberland issued a declaration to his troops claiming the rebels had been instructed to give "

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At approximately 1 pm, Finlayson's Jacobite batteries opened fire; possibly in response to Cumberland sending forward

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in Arisaig, where his party boarded two small French ships, which ferried them to France. He never returned to Scotland.

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battalion, which retired with colours flying. The government dragoons let it withdraw, rather than risk a confrontation.

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Inverness, and others were asleep in ditches and outbuildings. Several hundred of their army may have missed the battle.

419: 1412:. In total, 120 common men were executed, one third of them being deserters from the British Army. The common prisoners 5062: 4829: 4232: 4154: 4112: 3964: 3945: 3828: 3809: 3790: 3763: 3710: 3622: 1484:

ended the hereditary right of landowners to govern justice upon their estates through barony courts. Prior to the Act,

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to take over command from Hawley. On 1 February, the siege of Stirling was abandoned, and the Jacobites withdrew to

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on the west coast of Scotland. After spending a few days with his close associates, he sailed for the island of

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farmhouse of Leanach that stands today dates from about 1760; however, it stands on the same location as the

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With the Jacobites who were left under Perth failing to advance further, Cumberland ordered two troops of

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The Lockhart papers: containing memoirs and commentaries upon the affairs of Scotland from 1702 to 1715

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Poor Barrell's regiment were sorely pressed by those desperadoes and outflanked. One stand of their

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On 15 April, the government army celebrated Cumberland's 25th birthday by issuing two gallons of

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Although significant elements were absent elsewhere, the main Jacobite army of about 5,400 left

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was composed in the late 19th century and recalled the journey of Bonnie Prince Charlie from

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to the British throne. He quickly won control of large parts of Scotland, and an invasion of

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of the Battle of Culloden first published just six months after the battle, in October 1746

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that was passed in June 1747. Another 382 obtained their freedom by being exchanged for

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Battle lines at Culloden, including initial redeployments by both Charles and Cumberland

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Cairns, Craig (2012). "The Literary Tradition". In Devine, T M; Wormald, Jenny (eds.).

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was banned except as a uniform for officers and soldiers in the British Army and later

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was written as a tribute to the Duke of Cumberland following the Battle of Culloden.

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in 1746, hours after the Battle of Culloden. The story introduces the character of

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hand cutt off in their defence ... We marched up to the enemy, and our left,

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After his flight from the battle, Charles Edward Stuart made his way towards the

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recorded as captured by government forces at the battle. That and a similar blue

1027: 942: 588: 494: 1346: 688:. However, Drummond decided he could not hold his position and withdrew towards 6817: 6811: 6806: 6471: 6455: 6450: 6404: 6210: 6197: 6186: 5994: 5824: 5704: 5699: 5669: 5654: 5624: 5619: 5609: 5604: 5489: 5459: 5374: 5299: 5289: 5269: 5194: 5184: 4975: 3084: 1959: 1711: 1603: 1571: 1545: 1541: 1505: 1501: 1489: 1305: 1296:, accompanied by a small group of supporters. By 20 April, Charles had reached 1112: 2051:, the opening chapter deals with the protagonist's service battle of Culloden. 1244:. Two days later, the French ships were spotted and attacked by three smaller 789: 6881: 6658: 6642: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6603: 6523: 6419: 6409: 6389: 6351: 6181: 6126: 5989: 5919: 5889: 5874: 5799: 5794: 5784: 5759: 5734: 5709: 5644: 5544: 5444: 5419: 5334: 5324: 5304: 5294: 5284: 5279: 5264: 5254: 5244: 5229: 5135: 4457: 4250: 3917:

Paoletti, Ciro. "The Battle of Culloden: A Pivotal Moment in World History."

2030: 2026: 1995: 1947: 1902: 1692: 1676: 1563: 1517: 1428:(20 Geo. 2. c. 46). In all, 936 men were thus transported, and 222 more were 1374: 1223: 962: 874: 738: 584: 409: 122: 109: 3545:

Drummossie Moor – Jack Cameron, The Irish Brigade and the Battle of Culloden

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Drummossie Moor – Jack Cameron, The Irish Brigade and the battle of Culloden

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punitive expeditions into the Highlands that continued throughout the summer

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those apprehended were 172 of the Earl of Cromartie's men, captured after a

961:, who was in command of the government's second line, quickly organised the 6741: 6663: 6611: 6577: 6563: 6543: 6440: 6394: 6369: 6364: 6272: 6205: 6176: 6149: 6061: 6037: 6026: 5924: 5914: 5909: 5894: 5864: 5844: 5819: 5814: 5804: 5779: 5739: 5719: 5714: 5689: 5659: 5649: 5564: 5549: 5534: 5509: 5499: 5484: 5439: 5429: 5384: 5364: 5319: 5309: 5274: 5239: 5189: 4386:"A plan of the battle of Coullodin moore fought on the 16th of Aprile 1746" 3986: 3974: 2044: 1895: 1738: 1653: 1639: 1397: 1385: 986: 936:

The Well of the Dead; modern remains of the park wall on the Jacobite right

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The '45: Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Untold Story of the Jacobite Rising

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Ballimore was killed along with five of his men. The result was that the

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Controversy over the redevelopment of the NTS visitor centre at Culloden

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An Old Story Re-told From The "Newcastle Courant". The Rebellion of 1745

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The Jacobite Wars: Scotland and the Military Campaigns of 1715 and 1745

3896: 1990: 1950:, depicts the battle in the style of 20th-century television reporting. 1803: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1612: 1464: 1441: 1362: 1245: 1187: 1159:, were captured. The only high-ranking government officer casualty was 1147:

Several senior Jacobite commanding officers were casualties, including

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Cumberland's dispatch from the battle, published in the London Gazette

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Culloden: Scotland's Last Battle and the Forging of the British Empire

6668: 6494: 5939: 5869: 5839: 5834: 5554: 5504: 5469: 5464: 5434: 5424: 5199: 2056: 1988:(1966–1967) is a serial in the BBC science fiction television series 1943: 1891: 1764:(Autumn/Winter 2006) is inspired by the widows left after the battle. 1725: 1550: 1452: 1413: 1317: 1301: 1277: 822:, the Jacobites finally saw them approaching at a distance of around 714: 657: 653: 513: 1778: 6776: 6726: 6220: 5724: 5454: 4925: 3521: 1293: 703: 669: 661: 600: 544: 101: 818:, leaving the main Inverness road and marching across country. By 6791: 5104: 4357:

Ghosts of Culloden including the Great Scree and Highlander Ghost

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clergy were required to give oaths of allegiance to the reigning

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Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685–1720

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Ordnance Survey Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain

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Culloden: The History and Archaeology of the Last Clan Battle

3657:

A Land Afflicted: Scotland & the Covenanter Wars, 1638–90

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drill innovation said to have been developed to counter the "

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With the collapse of the left wing, Murray brought up the

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The Jacobite Movement in Scotland and in Exile, 1746–1759

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Cumberland's army had struck camp and become underway by

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Culloden Moor and the Story of the Battle (1867 account)

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University of Glasgow Centre for Battlefield Archaeology

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Johnson, David (December 2012). "The skye boat song".

2596: 2282: 1652:(as shown in the infobox at the top of this page), by 3383:"Encyclopedia of Collections: The Widows of Culloden" 3370:

Hakka Muggies – Feed The Fairies (2010, CD) | Discogs

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under the Historic Environment (Amendment) Act 2011.

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1745, A Military History of the Last Jacobite Rising

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Harrington, Peter (1991). Chandler, David G. (ed.).

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led the pursuit of the fleeing Highlanders, giving "

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Culloden Moor 1746: The Death of the Jacobite Cause

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Restoration: Charles II and his Kingdoms, 1660–1685

2972: 2970: 2919: 2917: 2915: 2479: 2223: 2168: 3665: 3277: 3009:"What was the last battle fought on British soil?" 2819: 2817: 2258: 1901:The Battle of Culloden is an important episode in 928:Colours of Barrell's Regiment, carried at Culloden 717:on 15 April, and assembled in battle order at the 645:, although the siege itself made little progress. 3703:Fight for a Throne: The Jacobite '45 Reconsidered 1913:, which has been made into a TV serial twice: by 1594:Since 2001, the site of the battle has undergone 603:, and Charles persuaded his colleagues to invade 6879: 2967: 2912: 2666: 2454: 2452: 1357:depicts the search for Jacobites after Culloden. 1194: 4169:Culloden: The Last Charge of the Highland Clans 3757: 2814: 2610:. Pen and Sword (Kindle ed). p. loc. 2128. 1328:, who famously aided him in a narrow escape to 1119:but about Fifty French Officers and Soldiers". 156: 6938:Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland 3741:Culloden 1746, The Highland Clans' Last Charge 3437:The Oxford handbook of modern Scottish history 3208:"'The Well of the Dead', Culloden Battlefield" 3070: 3068: 2831: 2829: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2765: 2763: 2717: 2715: 2713: 567:as a significant element in British politics. 5120: 4431: 4223:Trench, Charles Pocklington Chevenix (1973). 4105:Jacobites; A New History of the '45 Rebellion 3924: 3634:William Robertson and the Expansion of Empire 3357:"Handel – Judas Maccabaeus – Programme Notes" 2849: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2449: 1931:(1947) deals with Culloden and its aftermath. 1681:The Highland Charge at the Battle of Culloden 1523: 1048: 319: 3901:Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788 2589: 2587: 2538: 2536: 1512:in 1746. The result was that the wearing of 680:On 12 April, the government army forded the 547:in July 1745, seeking to restore his father 4194: 3288:"Point of Contact: Archaeology at Culloden" 3065: 2826: 2781: 2760: 2710: 2470: 1747:. He learned of the battle as a student at 1482:Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act 1746 1380:While in Inverness, Cumberland emptied the 333: 5127: 5113: 4438: 4424: 4271: 3738: 3692:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2838: 2545: 2241: 1689:Royal Society of Painters in Water-Colours 1570:-walled cottage that probably served as a 326: 312: 4529:"James III & VIII", The Old Pretender 4404:"Plan of the battle of Collodin ..." 4243: 3873: 3654: 3542: 3332:"Augustin Heckel: The Battle of Culloden" 3112: 3110: 2772: 2614: 2584: 2575: 2566: 2533: 1863:Learn how and when to remove this message 1099:may have been used by the Atholl Brigade. 977:). Also sent forward to plug the gap was 4203: 3837: 3590: 3462:"10 great films set in the 18th century" 3324: 3006: 1874: 1633: 1585: 1527: 1496:. The forfeited estates were managed by 1446: 1377:, where the soldiers split the profits. 1345: 1220:Many senior Jacobites made their way to 1178: 1086: 1018: 989:the Jacobite right wing on three sides. 931: 923: 904: 796: 788: 744: 694: 617: 4279:"Culloden: The Jacobites' Last Stand". 4188:Georgian Monarchy: Politics and Culture 4121: 3985: 3973: 3954: 3935: 3851: 3571: 3415: 3380: 3374: 2605: 2551: 2497: 2434: 2377: 2336: 2229: 877:, which was augmented by fire from the 625:, painted late 1745 (original now lost) 14: 6933:National Trust for Scotland properties 6913:Battles of the Jacobite rising of 1745 6880: 4253:(director/writer) (15 December 1964). 4222: 4163: 4102: 3799: 3780: 3615:Britain As A Military Power, 1688-1815 3459: 3434: 3397:from the original on 20 September 2022 3107: 2324: 2300: 2276: 1917:in 1968, as eight episodes and by the 1669:(1746; reprinted 1797) is held by the 920:at the Battle of Cullodenin April 1746 916:regiment fighting highlanders of the 912:, a painting that shows grenadiers of 5108: 4419: 4327:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 4296: 4185: 4144: 3895: 3719: 3700: 3663: 3631: 3612: 3321:nms.ac.uk. Retrieved August 13, 2017. 3237:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 3182:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 3152:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 3122:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 3089:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 3047:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 2982:Culloden Battlefield Memorial Project 2485: 2440: 2264: 2217: 1184:The End of the 'Forty Five' Rebellion 1165:William Kerr, 3rd Marquess of Lothian 1011:Captain-Lieutenant James Ashe Lee of 846: 307: 6923:Military and war museums in Scotland 4083: 4064: 4045: 4026: 4007: 3818: 3760:Old and New World Highland Bagpiping 3655:Patterson, Raymond Campbell (1998). 3095:from the original on 19 October 2008 2558:. Scottish History Society. p. 2509: 2348: 2312: 2288: 1801:adding citations to reliable sources 1772: 1649:An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745 1186:depicts the retreat of the defeated 1123:Conclusion: casualties and prisoners 910:An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745 615:, before successfully withdrawing. 58:An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745 3668:The Scottish Covenanters, 1660–1688 3212:www.ambaile.org.uk (ambaile.org.uk) 3053:from the original on 18 August 2008 2623: 863: 27:Part of the Jacobite rising of 1745 24: 6948:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland 6918:Museums in Highland (council area) 5134: 4534:"Charles III", The Young Pretender 4337:Ascanius; or, the Young Adventurer 4290: 4086:The Scottish Jacobite Army 1745–46 3823:(2014 ed.). Nabu Publishing. 3128:from the original on 14 April 2010 3007:Humphrys, Julian (5 August 2021). 2937:from the original on 20 March 2009 901:Engagement of government left wing 532:government force commanded by the 512:took place on 16 April 1746, near 25: 6959: 6908:History of the Scottish Highlands 4936:Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1715 4320: 3596:The Jacobite Rebellions 1689–1745 3188:from the original on 27 June 2008 1544:fought on British soil. Today, a 1316:, and from there made his way to 6861: 4981:Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1746 4898: 4392:"Plan of the Battle of Culloden" 3243:from the original on 4 June 2008 3158:from the original on 5 July 2009 2988:from the original on 5 July 2009 2158: 1909:(1925), the first volume of her 1777: 1341: 172: 158: 50: 6898:Battles involving Great Britain 4860:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore 4412:, by John(?) Finlayson, 1746(?) 3879:Scotland: The Story of a Nation 3764:McGill-Queen's University Press 3536: 3509: 3481: 3460:Wigley, Samuel (28 July 2016). 3453: 3428: 3409: 3363: 3349: 3305: 3255: 3225: 3200: 3170: 3140: 3077: 3035: 3000: 2958: 2949: 2903: 2894: 2883: 2874: 2865: 2856: 2801: 2751: 2742: 2733: 2724: 2697: 2688: 2657: 2648: 2524: 2515: 2461: 2411: 2397: 2383: 2354: 2135: 2125: 2115: 2105: 1788:needs additional citations for 1400:, and executions took place in 1134:brief engagement the day before 260:1,500–2,000 killed and wounded 6844:Independent Highland Companies 5001:Old military roads of Scotland 4815:War of the Austrian Succession 4785:Capture of Eilean Donan Castle 4468:Independent Highland Companies 4445: 4362:The "French Stone" at Culloden 4122:Roberts, John Leonard (2002). 3903:. Cambridge University Press. 3336:National Galleries of Scotland 2247: 2151: 1994:. The time-traveller known as 1671:National Galleries of Scotland 1308:. From there, he travelled to 13: 1: 4996:Traitors Transported Act 1746 4760:War of the Quadruple Alliance 4406:, by Jasper Leigh Jones, 1746 4395: 4368:Historic Environment Scotland 4227:(1975 ed.). Allen Lane. 4190:. Cambridge University Press. 2835:Harrington (1991), pp. 85–86. 2202: 1768: 1624:Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1426:Traitors Transported Act 1746 1351:After Culloden: Rebel Hunting 1195:Collapse of Jacobite campaign 570: 528:was decisively defeated by a 4551:Sophie, Electress of Hanover 3959:. Pen & Sword Military. 3821:The History of the Rebellion 2900:Roberts (2002), pp. 196–197. 2823:Roberts (2002), pp. 182–183. 2458:Roberts (2002), pp. 177–180. 1683:in oil. He exhibited at the 1455:depicting the executions of 1174: 1169:Sir Robert Rich, 5th Baronet 733:Jacobite Lieutenant-General 660:. Cumberland's army entered 7: 6928:History museums in Scotland 4991:Treason Outlawries Act 1748 4372:"Battle of Culloden (BTL6)" 4206:George II: King and Elector 4204:Thompson, Andrew C (2011). 4195:Smurthwaite, David (1984). 4103:Riding, Jacqueline (2016). 4048:Highland Clansman 1689–1746 3955:Pollard, Tony, ed. (2009). 3940:. Oxford University Press. 3925:Pickering, W., ed. (1881). 3919:Journal of Military History 3857:Scotland, A Concise History 3847:. Vol. 2. W. Anderson. 3720:Duffy, Christopher (2003). 3701:Duffy, Christopher (2015). 3387:The Museum of Savage Beauty 2925:"Britain from 1742 to 1754" 2606:Pollard, Tony, ed. (2009). 1065:exchanged musket fire with 885:On the Jacobite right, the 633:, the strategic key to the 549:James Francis Edward Stuart 10: 6964: 4485:Wars of the Three Kingdoms 4388:, by Daniel Paterson, 1746 4128:Edinburgh University Press 3804:(2007 ed.). Penguin. 3785:(2006 ed.). Penguin. 3638:Cambridge University Press 3632:Brown, Stewart J. (1997). 3564: 3391:Victoria and Albert Museum 1608:archaeological excavations 1524:Culloden battlefield today 1213: 1049:Jacobite collapse and rout 675: 257:c. 50 killed, 259 wounded 142:British government victory 6857: 6713: 5948: 5155: 5144: 5013: 4958: 4918: 4909: 4896: 4868: 4803: 4748: 4683: 4605:Williamite War in Ireland 4593: 4584: 4453: 4208:. Yale University Press. 4010:British Redcoat 1740–1793 3572:McGarry, Stephen (2013). 3517:"Chasing the Deer (1994)" 2964:Gibson (2002), pp. 27–28. 2909:Harrington (1996), p. 88. 2871:Magnusson (2003), p. 623. 2778:Harrington (1991), p. 83. 2674:British Redcoat 1740–1793 2555:Origins of the Forty-Five 2446:Harrington (1991), p. 44. 1879:Culloden Memorial Cairn, 1629: 1216:Skirmish of Loch nan Uamh 1091:One of at least fourteen 784: 591:. After their victory at 345: 294: 284: 275: 270: 266: 251: 238: 184: 150: 70: 49: 41: 36: 4971:Act of Proscription 1746 4770:Marquess of Tullibardine 3936:Pittock, Murray (2016). 3921:81.1 (2017). pp 187–198. 3758:Gibson, John G. (2002). 3263:"Inventory battlefields" 2807:Zimmerman, Doron (2003) 2552:Blaikie, Walter (1916). 2467:Lockhart (1817), p. 508. 2391:"Map of Drummossie Moor" 2098: 1966:, with the 20th-century 1946:written and directed by 1312:, off the east coast of 611:reached as far south as 555:reached as far south as 6091:Campbell of Breadalbane 5575:Macdonald of Clanranald 4775:General Joseph Wightman 4640:Battle of Killiecrankie 4379: 4352:Battle of Culloden Moor 3938:Culloden: Great Battles 3543:Colquhoun, Ian (2008). 3074:Reid (2002), pp. 91–92. 2930:Encyclopædia Britannica 2862:Roberts (2002), p. 178. 2853:Prebble (1973), p. 301. 2798:Reid (2002), pp. 88–90. 2721:Reid (2002), pp. 80–85. 2694:Reid (2002), pp. 72–80. 2685:Roberts (2002), p. 173. 2654:Reid (2002), pp. 68–72. 2476:Reid (2002), pp. 56–58. 1907:The Flight of the Heron 1606:surveys in addition to 1504:were taken against the 1494:agriculture in Scotland 631:besiege Stirling Castle 577:Jacobite rising of 1745 538:Jacobite rising of 1745 337:Jacobite rising of 1745 80:; 278 years ago 44:Jacobite rising of 1745 6737:Court of the Lord Lyon 5585:MacDonell of Glengarry 5148:List of Scottish clans 4845:Battle of Falkirk Muir 4660:Declaration of Finglas 4546:Act of Settlement 1701 4297:Black, Jeremy (2002). 4244:Film and documentaries 4186:Smith, Hannah (2006). 4145:Royle, Trevor (2017). 3613:Black, Jeremy (1998). 3467:British Film Institute 3381:Bethune, Kate (2015). 3317:13 August 2017 at the 3148:"Field of the English" 2193: 2073:The Portuguese author 1883: 1761:The Widows of Culloden 1685:Royal Scottish Academy 1667:The Battle of Culloden 1643: 1591: 1537: 1502:Anti-clothing measures 1468: 1358: 1334: 1222: 1191: 1100: 1042:Cobham's 10th Dragoons 1037: 1017: 937: 929: 921: 802: 794: 710: 643:Battle of Falkirk Muir 626: 579:began on 23 July when 480:Lochaber and Shiramore 278:Registered battlefield 185:Commanders and leaders 6943:Charles Edward Stuart 6888:1746 in Great Britain 6360:MacDonald of Dunnyveg 4835:Battle of Prestonpans 4795:Battle of Coille Bhan 4780:Anglo-French Alliance 4740:Battle of Sheriffmuir 4705:1715 general election 4088:. Osprey Publishing. 4084:Reid, Stuart (2006). 4069:. Osprey Publishing. 4065:Reid, Stuart (2002). 4050:. Osprey Publishing. 4046:Reid, Stuart (1997). 4027:Reid, Stuart (1996). 4012:. Osprey Publishing. 4008:Reid, Stuart (1996). 3991:The Lion in the North 3859:. Thames and Hudson. 3819:Home, Robert (1802). 3743:. Osprey Publishing. 3598:. Osprey Publishing. 3576:. The History Press. 3574:Irish Brigades Abroad 3118:"Graves of the clans" 2955:Brown (1997), p. 133. 2880:Monod (1993), p. 340. 2757:Pittock (2016) p. 134 2705:Irish Brigades Abroad 2423:, UK: Ordnance Survey 2220:, p. 453 passim. 1881:Knoydart, Nova Scotia 1878: 1637: 1589: 1531: 1450: 1349: 1182: 1090: 1022: 991: 935: 927: 908: 800: 792: 745:Night attack at Nairn 698: 623:Charles Edward Stuart 621: 581:Charles Edward Stuart 536:, thereby ending the 526:Charles Edward Stuart 252:Casualties and losses 213:Charles Edward Stuart 5640:Maclaine of Lochbuie 5595:MacDonald of Glencoe 5590:MacDonald of Keppoch 5023:"James III and VIII" 4790:Battle of Glen Shiel 4575:Royal Stuart Society 4571:Neo-Jacobite Revival 4515:William III & II 4299:Culloden and the '45 3800:Harris, Tim (2006). 3781:Harris, Tim (2005). 3043:"New Visitor Centre" 2978:"The Memorial Cairn" 2730:Pittock (2016) p. 95 2620:Pittock (2016) p. 87 2593:Pittock (2016) p. 86 2581:Pittock (2016) p. 85 2572:Pittock (2016) p. 83 2542:Pittock (2016) p. 79 2530:Pittock (2016) p. 65 2521:Pittock (2016) p. 69 1812:"Battle of Culloden" 1797:improve this article 1638:Woodcut painting by 1418:penal transportation 1388:. Many were held on 1153:Viscount Strathallan 1093:standards or colours 943:charging Highlanders 123:57.47722°N 4.09250°W 18:Culloden Battlefield 6868:Scotland portal 5720:Malcolm (MacCallum) 5015:Jacobite succession 4655:Battle of the Boyne 4650:Massacre of Glencoe 4635:General Hugh Mackay 4524:Jacobite succession 4510:Glorious Revolution 4480:Union of the Crowns 4282:Battlefield Britain 4199:. Webb & Bower. 4171:. NPI Media Group. 3664:Cowan, Ian (1976). 3265:. Historic Scotland 2748:Reid (2002), p. 93. 2739:Reid (2006), p. 16. 2663:Reid (2002), p. 72. 2362:"Map of Drummossie" 2327:, pp. 377–378. 2315:, pp. 353–354. 2303:, pp. 209–216. 2291:, pp. 329–333. 2279:, pp. 299–300. 2084:The Canadian novel 1915:Scottish Television 1758:fashion collection 1467:, on 18 August 1746 1371:Gentleman's Journal 967:Sempill's 25th Foot 959:Major-General Huske 724:Sir John O'Sullivan 599:controlled much of 119: / 6802:Battle of Culloden 6095:Campbell of Cawdor 5580:Macdonald of Sleat 4950:Indemnity Act 1717 4941:Disarming Act 1715 4855:Battle of Culloden 4850:Siege of Inverness 4830:Duke of Cumberland 4820:Lord George Murray 4735:Siege of Inverness 4675:Treaty of Limerick 4615:King William's War 4505:James II & VII 3897:Monod, Paul Kleber 3233:"Cumberland stone" 3178:"Well of the dead" 2254:Collins Dictionary 2063:Home Is the Hunter 1955:Dragonfly in Amber 1888:The Skye Boat Song 1884: 1644: 1592: 1538: 1478:Hanoverian dynasty 1469: 1359: 1355:John Seymour Lucas 1192: 1101: 1038: 971:Conway's 59th Foot 951:Dejean's 37th Foot 947:Barrell's 4th Foot 938: 930: 922: 914:Barrell's 4th Foot 871:Sir John MacDonald 847:Artillery exchange 803: 795: 735:Lord George Murray 711: 686:Lord John Drummond 635:Scottish Highlands 627: 595:in September, the 543:Charles landed in 534:Duke of Cumberland 518:Scottish Highlands 510:Battle of Culloden 285:Reference no. 191:Duke of Cumberland 128:57.47722; -4.09250 78:16 April 1746 37:Battle of Culloden 6903:Conflicts in 1746 6875: 6874: 6834:Scottish surnames 6829:Scottish heraldry 5102: 5101: 5063:"Robert I and IV" 5009: 5008: 4986:Sheriffs Act 1747 4904:a Jacobite banner 4894: 4893: 4840:Siege of Carlisle 4730:Battle of Preston 4670:Siege of Limerick 4665:Battle of Aughrim 4645:Battle of Dunkeld 4630:Patrick Sarsfield 4312:978-0-7524-5636-2 4303:The History Press 4215:978-0-300-11892-6 4178:978-0-7524-3955-6 4137:978-1-902930-29-9 4095:978-1-84603-073-4 4076:978-1-84176-412-2 4057:978-1-85532-660-6 4038:978-1-885119-28-5 4019:978-1-85532-554-8 4000:978-0-14-003652-7 3910:978-0-521-44793-5 3888:978-0-8021-3932-0 3875:Magnusson, Magnus 3866:978-0-500-27706-5 3773:978-0-7735-2291-6 3750:978-1-85532-158-8 3731:978-0-304-35525-9 3679:978-0-575-02105-1 3647:978-0-521-57083-1 3605:978-0-85045-432-1 3592:Barthorp, Michael 3583:978-1-84588-799-5 3554:978-1-84549-281-6 3497:. 24 October 2014 3489:"The Highlanders" 3446:978-0-19-956369-2 2512:, pp. 56–58. 2405:"Map of Culloden" 2351:, pp. 51–56. 2339:, pp. 96–98. 2194:Blàr Chùil Lodair 2087:No Great Mischief 2049:Savage Wilderness 1873: 1872: 1865: 1847: 1756:Alexander McQueen 1677:Frank Watson Wood 1581:Historic Scotland 1579:and protected by 1510:Act of Parliament 1410:Kennington Common 1367:Newcastle Journal 979:Bligh's 20th Foot 503: 502: 420:2nd Fort Augustus 385:1st Fort Augustus 302: 301: 298: 297: 146: 145: 16:(Redirected from 6955: 6893:1746 in Scotland 6866: 6865: 6864: 6719: 6617:Stewart of Appin 5954: 5665:MacLeod of Lewis 5149: 5138: 5129: 5122: 5115: 5106: 5105: 5033:"Henry IX and I" 4916: 4915: 4912:and later events 4902: 4625:Sir Ewen Cameron 4591: 4590: 4586:Jacobite risings 4500:The Killing Time 4440: 4433: 4426: 4417: 4416: 4400: 4397: 4375: 4316: 4286: 4275: 4260: 4238: 4219: 4200: 4191: 4182: 4160: 4141: 4118: 4099: 4080: 4061: 4042: 4023: 4004: 3982: 3970: 3951: 3932: 3914: 3892: 3870: 3853:Maclean, Fitzroy 3848: 3839:Lockhart, George 3834: 3815: 3796: 3777: 3754: 3735: 3716: 3697: 3691: 3683: 3671: 3660: 3651: 3628: 3609: 3587: 3559: 3558: 3540: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3529: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3502: 3485: 3479: 3478: 3476: 3474: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3378: 3372: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3328: 3322: 3309: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3284: 3275: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3259: 3253: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3204: 3198: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3114: 3105: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3081: 3075: 3072: 3063: 3062: 3060: 3058: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3026: 3024: 3004: 2998: 2997: 2995: 2993: 2974: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2921: 2910: 2907: 2901: 2898: 2892: 2887: 2881: 2878: 2872: 2869: 2863: 2860: 2854: 2851: 2836: 2833: 2824: 2821: 2812: 2805: 2799: 2796: 2779: 2776: 2770: 2767: 2758: 2755: 2749: 2746: 2740: 2737: 2731: 2728: 2722: 2719: 2708: 2701: 2695: 2692: 2686: 2683: 2677: 2670: 2664: 2661: 2655: 2652: 2646: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2627: 2621: 2618: 2612: 2611: 2603: 2594: 2591: 2582: 2579: 2573: 2570: 2564: 2563: 2549: 2543: 2540: 2531: 2528: 2522: 2519: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2474: 2468: 2465: 2459: 2456: 2447: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2424: 2415: 2409: 2408: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2366: 2365: 2358: 2352: 2346: 2340: 2334: 2328: 2322: 2316: 2310: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2280: 2274: 2268: 2262: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2196: 2187: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2155: 2143: 2139: 2133: 2129: 2123: 2119: 2113: 2109: 2092:Alistair MacLeod 2077:opens her novel 2068:Montgomery Scott 2022:Chasing the Deer 1911:Jacobite Trilogy 1868: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1848: 1846: 1805: 1781: 1773: 1742: 1704:Judas Maccabaeus 1540:It was the last 1520:and their sons. 1438:prisoners of war 1434:Act of Indemnity 1424:for life by the 1422:British colonies 1337: 1273:35,000 of gold. 1227: 1161:Lord Robert Kerr 1109:Ruthven Barracks 1015: 1013:Wolfe's 8th Foot 985:formation which 983:horseshoe-shaped 975:Wolfe's 8th Foot 895:Andrew Henderson 864:Jacobite advance 829: 825: 821: 817: 728:adjutant-general 340: 338: 328: 321: 314: 305: 304: 268: 267: 177: 176: 175: 168: 164: 162: 161: 134: 133: 131: 130: 129: 124: 120: 117: 116: 115: 112: 88: 86: 81: 72: 71: 54: 34: 33: 21: 6963: 6962: 6958: 6957: 6956: 6954: 6953: 6952: 6878: 6877: 6876: 6871: 6862: 6860: 6853: 6823:Scottish Gaelic 6717: 6715: 6709: 5952: 5950: 5944: 5395:Fraser of Lovat 5310:Cumming (Comyn) 5157: 5151: 5147: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5103: 5098: 5005: 4966:Jurors Act 1745 4954: 4911: 4905: 4903: 4890: 4864: 4806: 4799: 4751: 4744: 4686: 4679: 4620:Viscount Dundee 4610:Nine Years' War 4596: 4580: 4449: 4444: 4398: 4382: 4323: 4313: 4293: 4291:Further reading 4278: 4249: 4246: 4241: 4235: 4216: 4179: 4157: 4138: 4115: 4096: 4077: 4058: 4039: 4020: 4001: 3967: 3948: 3911: 3889: 3881:. Grove Press. 3867: 3831: 3812: 3793: 3774: 3751: 3732: 3713: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3648: 3625: 3606: 3584: 3567: 3562: 3555: 3541: 3537: 3527: 3525: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3500: 3498: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3472: 3470: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3433: 3429: 3414: 3410: 3400: 3398: 3379: 3375: 3368: 3364: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3340: 3338: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3319:Wayback Machine 3310: 3306: 3296: 3294: 3286: 3285: 3278: 3268: 3266: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3246: 3244: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3216: 3214: 3206: 3205: 3201: 3191: 3189: 3176: 3175: 3171: 3161: 3159: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3116: 3115: 3108: 3098: 3096: 3083: 3082: 3078: 3073: 3066: 3056: 3054: 3041: 3040: 3036: 3022: 3020: 3019:(September): 41 3005: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2976: 2975: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2950: 2940: 2938: 2923: 2922: 2913: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2866: 2861: 2857: 2852: 2839: 2834: 2827: 2822: 2815: 2806: 2802: 2797: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2769:Pittock (2016). 2768: 2761: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2711: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2689: 2684: 2680: 2676:, pp. 9, 56–58. 2671: 2667: 2662: 2658: 2653: 2649: 2639: 2637: 2629: 2628: 2624: 2619: 2615: 2604: 2597: 2592: 2585: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2550: 2546: 2541: 2534: 2529: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2462: 2457: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2433: 2429: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2403: 2402: 2398: 2389: 2388: 2384: 2376: 2369: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2347: 2343: 2335: 2331: 2323: 2319: 2311: 2307: 2299: 2295: 2287: 2283: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2259: 2252: 2248: 2242:Harrington 1991 2240: 2236: 2228: 2224: 2216: 2209: 2205: 2200: 2199: 2190:Scottish Gaelic 2161: 2157: 2156: 2152: 2147: 2146: 2140: 2136: 2130: 2126: 2120: 2116: 2110: 2106: 2101: 2015:Jamie McCrimmon 1985:The Highlanders 1929:The Bull Calves 1925:Naomi Mitchison 1869: 1858: 1852: 1849: 1806: 1804: 1794: 1782: 1771: 1736: 1663:Augustin Heckel 1632: 1564:thatched roofed 1536:erected in 1881 1526: 1344: 1326:Flora Macdonald 1218: 1201:Master of Lovat 1197: 1177: 1125: 1117:Quarter to None 1067:Campbell's 21st 1051: 1036:of Highlanders. 1028:Highland charge 1016: 1010: 999:Collonel Riches 903: 866: 849: 827: 823: 819: 815: 787: 747: 726:, the Jacobite 678: 589:House of Stuart 573: 506: 505: 504: 499: 341: 336: 334: 332: 280: 261: 231: 227: 225:John O'Sullivan 223: 219: 215: 205: 201: 197: 193: 173: 171: 159: 157: 127: 125: 121: 118: 113: 110: 108: 106: 105: 104: 84: 82: 79: 62: 55: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6961: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6873: 6872: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6820: 6818:Scots language 6814: 6812:Border reivers 6809: 6807:Highland games 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6723: 6721: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6707: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6687: 6682: 6679: 6674: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6648: 6645: 6640: 6637: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6606: 6601: 6598: 6595: 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5159: 5153: 5152: 5145: 5142: 5141: 5137:Scottish clans 5132: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5109: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5089: 5082: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5017: 5011: 5010: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4976:Dress Act 1746 4973: 4968: 4962: 4960: 4959:The Forty-Five 4956: 4955: 4953: 4952: 4947: 4938: 4933: 4928: 4922: 4920: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4872: 4870: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4811: 4809: 4805:The Forty-Five 4801: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4765:Earl Marischal 4762: 4756: 4754: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4727: 4722: 4717: 4712: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4691: 4689: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4601: 4599: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4578: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4521: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4471: 4470: 4465: 4458:Scottish clans 4454: 4451: 4450: 4443: 4442: 4435: 4428: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4407: 4401: 4389: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4376: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4322: 4321:External links 4319: 4318: 4317: 4311: 4292: 4289: 4288: 4287: 4276: 4251:Watkins, Peter 4245: 4242: 4240: 4239: 4234:978-0713904819 4233: 4220: 4214: 4201: 4192: 4183: 4177: 4161: 4156:978-1408704011 4155: 4142: 4136: 4119: 4114:978-1408819128 4113: 4107:. 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323: 316: 308: 300: 299: 296: 295: 292: 291: 286: 282: 281: 276: 273: 272: 264: 263: 258: 254: 253: 249: 248: 245: 241: 240: 236: 235: 233:James Drummond 221:Donald Cameron 209: 187: 186: 182: 181: 169: 153: 152: 148: 147: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 96: 94: 90: 89: 76: 68: 67: 47: 46: 39: 38: 32: 31: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6960: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6885: 6883: 6870: 6869: 6856: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6797:The Highlands 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6712: 6706: 6703: 6700: 6697: 6694: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6680: 6678: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6649: 6646: 6644: 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6201: 6199: 6196: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6167: 6164: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6139: 6136: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6109: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6013: 6010: 6007: 6004: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5977: 5974: 5971: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5947: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5162: 5160: 5154: 5150: 5143: 5139: 5130: 5125: 5123: 5118: 5116: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5095: 5094: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5081: 5080: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5028:"Charles III" 5026: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5016: 5012: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4957: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4931:Clan Act 1715 4929: 4927: 4926:Riot Act 1714 4924: 4923: 4921: 4917: 4914: 4908: 4901: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4802: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4753: 4747: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4725:Baronet Munro 4723: 4721: 4718: 4716: 4713: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4682: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4583: 4576: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4475:The Highlands 4473: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4459: 4456: 4455: 4452: 4448: 4441: 4436: 4434: 4429: 4427: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4383: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4314: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4295: 4294: 4284: 4283: 4277: 4274: 4269: 4265: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4252: 4248: 4247: 4236: 4230: 4226: 4221: 4217: 4211: 4207: 4202: 4198: 4193: 4189: 4184: 4180: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4152: 4148: 4143: 4139: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4116: 4110: 4106: 4101: 4097: 4091: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4059: 4053: 4049: 4044: 4040: 4034: 4030: 4025: 4021: 4015: 4011: 4006: 4002: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3987:Prebble, John 3984: 3980: 3976: 3975:Prebble, John 3972: 3968: 3962: 3958: 3953: 3949: 3943: 3939: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3868: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3813: 3807: 3803: 3798: 3794: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3775: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3756: 3752: 3746: 3742: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3708: 3704: 3699: 3695: 3689: 3681: 3675: 3670: 3669: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3649: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3626: 3620: 3617:. Routledge. 3616: 3611: 3607: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3569: 3556: 3550: 3546: 3539: 3524: 3523: 3518: 3512: 3496: 3495: 3490: 3484: 3469: 3468: 3463: 3456: 3448: 3442: 3438: 3431: 3423: 3419: 3412: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3377: 3371: 3366: 3358: 3352: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3320: 3316: 3313: 3308: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3281: 3264: 3258: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3228: 3213: 3209: 3203: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3173: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3143: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3113: 3111: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3085:"What's New?" 3080: 3071: 3069: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3038: 3031: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3003: 2987: 2983: 2979: 2973: 2971: 2961: 2952: 2936: 2932: 2931: 2926: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2906: 2897: 2891: 2886: 2877: 2868: 2859: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2832: 2830: 2820: 2818: 2810: 2804: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2775: 2766: 2764: 2754: 2745: 2736: 2727: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2706: 2700: 2691: 2682: 2675: 2669: 2660: 2651: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2617: 2609: 2602: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2578: 2569: 2561: 2557: 2556: 2548: 2539: 2537: 2527: 2518: 2511: 2506: 2500:, p. 67. 2499: 2494: 2488:, p. 32. 2487: 2482: 2473: 2464: 2455: 2453: 2443: 2437:, p. 60. 2436: 2431: 2422: 2421: 2414: 2406: 2400: 2392: 2386: 2380:, p. 58. 2379: 2374: 2372: 2363: 2357: 2350: 2345: 2338: 2333: 2326: 2321: 2314: 2309: 2302: 2297: 2290: 2285: 2278: 2273: 2267:, p. 43. 2266: 2261: 2255: 2250: 2244:, p. 83. 2243: 2238: 2231: 2226: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2207: 2195: 2191: 2185: 2154: 2150: 2138: 2128: 2118: 2108: 2104: 2093: 2089: 2088: 2083: 2080: 2076: 2075:Hélia Correia 2072: 2069: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2058: 2053: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2028: 2027:Brian Blessed 2024: 2023: 2019: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1987: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1956: 1952: 1949: 1948:Peter Watkins 1945: 1942: 1938: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1903:D. K. Broster 1900: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1886: 1885: 1882: 1877: 1867: 1864: 1856: 1845: 1842: 1838: 1835: 1831: 1828: 1824: 1821: 1817: 1814: – 1813: 1809: 1808:Find sources: 1802: 1798: 1792: 1791: 1786:This section 1784: 1780: 1775: 1774: 1763: 1762: 1757: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1740: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1719:Hakka Muggies 1716: 1713: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1693:Royal Academy 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1636: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1588: 1584: 1582: 1578: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1556: 1552: 1547: 1543: 1535: 1530: 1521: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1451:Contemporary 1449: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1378: 1376: 1375:Fort Augustus 1372: 1368: 1364: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1342:Repercussions 1339: 1336: 1335:Loch nan Uamh 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1288: 1283: 1279: 1274: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1262: 1261: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1247: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1225: 1224:Loch nan Uamh 1217: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1202: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1172: 1170: 1166: 1163:, the son of 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1145: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1130: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1098: 1094: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1076: 1073: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1046: 1043: 1035: 1034: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1014: 1007: 1004: 1000: 996: 990: 988: 984: 980: 976: 972: 968: 964: 963:counterattack 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 934: 926: 919: 918:Jacobite Army 915: 911: 907: 898: 896: 891: 888: 883: 880: 876: 875:canister shot 872: 861: 857: 854: 844: 842: 836: 834: 812: 809: 799: 791: 782: 778: 774: 772: 771:James Johnson 768: 764: 763:Duke of Perth 759: 757: 752: 742: 740: 739:Daviot Castle 736: 731: 729: 725: 720: 716: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 691: 687: 683: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 646: 644: 640: 636: 632: 624: 620: 616: 614: 610: 609:Jacobite army 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 585:Western Isles 582: 578: 568: 566: 560: 558: 554: 550: 546: 541: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 522:Jacobite army 519: 515: 511: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 465:Loch nan Uamh 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 406: 403: 401: 398: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 351: 348: 347: 344: 339: 329: 324: 322: 317: 315: 310: 309: 306: 293: 290: 287: 283: 279: 274: 269: 265: 259: 256: 255: 250: 246: 243: 242: 237: 234: 230: 229:John Drummond 226: 222: 218: 217:George Murray 214: 210: 208: 204: 203:John Mordaunt 200: 196: 192: 189: 188: 183: 180: 170: 167: 166:Great Britain 155: 154: 149: 141: 138: 137: 132: 103: 99: 95: 92: 91: 77: 74: 73: 69: 66: 60: 59: 53: 48: 45: 40: 35: 30: 19: 6859: 6801: 6767:Clan battles 6385:MacGillivray 6191:Fotheringham 5730:Marjoribanks 5091: 5084: 5077: 5073:"Francis II" 5038:"Charles IV" 4910:Consequences 4854: 4750:The Nineteen 4695:…in Cornwall 4595:First rising 4298: 4285:. 2004. BBC. 4281: 4262: 4254: 4224: 4205: 4196: 4187: 4168: 4165:Sadler, John 4146: 4123: 4104: 4085: 4066: 4047: 4031:. Sarpedon. 4028: 4009: 3990: 3978: 3956: 3937: 3927: 3918: 3900: 3878: 3856: 3843: 3820: 3801: 3782: 3759: 3740: 3721: 3702: 3667: 3656: 3633: 3614: 3595: 3573: 3544: 3538: 3526:. Retrieved 3520: 3511: 3499:. Retrieved 3492: 3483: 3471:. Retrieved 3465: 3455: 3436: 3430: 3421: 3417: 3411: 3399:. Retrieved 3386: 3376: 3365: 3351: 3339:. Retrieved 3326: 3307: 3295:. Retrieved 3291: 3267:. Retrieved 3257: 3245:. Retrieved 3236: 3227: 3215:. Retrieved 3211: 3202: 3190:. Retrieved 3181: 3172: 3160:. Retrieved 3151: 3142: 3130:. Retrieved 3121: 3097:. Retrieved 3088: 3079: 3055:. Retrieved 3046: 3037: 3028: 3021:. Retrieved 3016: 3012: 3002: 2990:. Retrieved 2981: 2960: 2951: 2939:. Retrieved 2928: 2905: 2896: 2885: 2876: 2867: 2858: 2808: 2803: 2774: 2753: 2744: 2735: 2726: 2704: 2699: 2690: 2681: 2673: 2672:Reid (1996) 2668: 2659: 2650: 2638:. Retrieved 2634: 2625: 2616: 2607: 2577: 2568: 2554: 2547: 2526: 2517: 2505: 2498:Pittock 2016 2493: 2481: 2472: 2463: 2442: 2435:Pittock 2016 2430: 2419: 2413: 2399: 2385: 2378:Pittock 2016 2356: 2344: 2337:Pittock 2016 2332: 2320: 2308: 2296: 2284: 2272: 2260: 2249: 2237: 2232:, p. ?. 2230:Pittock 2016 2225: 2153: 2137: 2127: 2117: 2112:vigorously". 2107: 2085: 2078: 2061: 2055: 2048: 2045:Harold Coyle 2036: 2020: 1989: 1983: 1975: 1953: 1934: 1928: 1910: 1906: 1896:Isle of Skye 1859: 1850: 1840: 1833: 1826: 1819: 1807: 1795:Please help 1790:verification 1787: 1759: 1702: 1701:'s oratorio 1680: 1666: 1654:David Morier 1647: 1640:David Morier 1617: 1611: 1593: 1539: 1486:feudal lords 1470: 1398:Tilbury Fort 1386:high treason 1379: 1370: 1366: 1360: 1350: 1291: 1275: 1264: 1259: 1252: 1240: 1234: 1219: 1209: 1205: 1198: 1183: 1146: 1142: 1126: 1106: 1102: 1080: 1077: 1071: 1062: 1054: 1052: 1039: 1031: 992: 939: 892: 884: 867: 858: 850: 837: 813: 804: 779: 775: 760: 748: 732: 712: 700:Cumberland's 679: 648:Soon after, 647: 639:Henry Hawley 628: 574: 561: 542: 509: 507: 490:Appin Murder 459: 440:Fort William 430:Blair Castle 380:2nd Carlisle 370:1st Carlisle 271:Designations 262:376 captured 207:Henry Hawley 151:Belligerents 65:David Morier 56: 42:Part of the 29: 6839:Seanchaidhe 6718:and society 6608:Spottiswood 6551:Porterfield 6347:MacAlpin(e) 6311:Kirkpatrick 6237:Glendinning 5540:Livingstone 5370:Farquharson 5360:Elphinstone 5053:"Francis I" 4710:Earl of Mar 4700:…in England 4685:The Fifteen 4495:Covenanters 4490:Restoration 4399: 1748 4394:, by Anon, 3993:. Penguin. 3981:. Atheneum. 3401:7 September 3013:BBC History 2640:11 November 2407:. MultiMap. 2393:. MultiMap. 2364:. MultiMap. 2325:Riding 2016 2301:Riding 2016 2277:Riding 2016 1968:protagonist 1964:time travel 1751:, Scotland. 1749:Gordonstoun 1745:Luca Prodan 1737: [ 1715:Celtic Rock 1622:, from the 1600:geophysical 1596:topographic 1577:inventoried 1444:in London. 1138:Littleferry 1003:outflanking 997:was taken; 767:Moray Firth 702:route from 652:arrived in 593:Prestonpans 470:Loch Ailort 455:Littleferry 405:2nd Ruthven 360:Prestonpans 355:1st Ruthven 247:5,000–6,000 244:6,900–7,200 126: / 6882:Categories 6849:Sgian-dubh 6782:Clearances 6762:Clan crest 6757:Clan badge 6747:Clan chief 6695:Whitefoord 6677:Walkinshaw 6600:Somerville 6583:Rutherford 6514:Ochterlony 6456:MacKerrell 6451:MacCulloch 6415:Macquarrie 6375:MacFarlane 6303:Kinninmont 6246:Halkerston 6243:Haliburton 6228:Gladstains 6162:Edmonstone 6143:Dennistoun 6047:Blackstock 6043:Blackadder 6002:Auchinleck 5962:Abercromby 5951:Armigerous 5930:Wedderburn 5905:Sutherland 5860:Scrymgeour 5850:Sandilands 5755:Montgomery 5750:Moncreiffe 5695:Macpherson 5685:MacNeacail 5680:Macnaghten 5635:Maclachlan 5630:Mackintosh 5600:MacDougall 5560:MacAlister 5315:Cunningham 5260:Carruthers 5250:Carmichael 5175:Arbuthnott 5170:Anstruther 5156:Clans with 5058:"Mary III" 4720:Lord Lovat 4541:Queen Anne 4463:Clan chief 4447:Jacobitism 4301:. Stroud: 4149:. Abacus. 3724:. Cassel. 3705:. Helion. 3672:. London. 3247:9 November 3217:9 November 3192:9 November 3162:9 November 3132:9 November 3099:9 November 3057:9 November 3023:8 December 2992:9 November 2635:www.rct.uk 2486:Black 1998 2265:Duffy 2003 2218:Duffy 2015 2203:References 2000:companions 1996:the Doctor 1991:Doctor Who 1939:(1964), a 1853:April 2019 1823:newspapers 1769:In fiction 1691:, and the 1613:Brown Bess 1518:landed men 1465:Tower Hill 1457:Kilmarnock 1442:Tower Hill 1363:no quarter 1282:Lord Lovat 1246:Royal Navy 1214:See also: 1157:Kilmarnock 1129:casualties 841:Glenbucket 682:River Spey 666:Royal Navy 650:Cumberland 571:Background 565:Jacobitism 350:Highbridge 199:John Huske 195:van Keppel 114:04°05′33″W 111:57°28′38″N 85:1746-04-16 6732:Lord Lyon 6528:Pennycook 6482:Monypenny 6472:Middleton 6429:Masterton 6405:MacLellan 6356:Macbrayne 6324:Learmonth 6321:Langlands 6307:Kirkcaldy 6269:Horsburgh 6211:Gartshore 6198:Galbraith 6194:Fullarton 6187:Forrester 6137:Dalrymple 6118:Congilton 6088:Callender 6031:Beveridge 6014:Bannatyne 5995:Armstrong 5986:Allardice 5975:Aikenhead 5966:Abernethy 5825:Robertson 5705:MacThomas 5700:MacTavish 5670:MacMillan 5655:MacLennan 5625:Mackinnon 5620:Mackenzie 5610:MacIntyre 5605:MacDowall 5570:MacDonald 5490:Johnstone 5460:Henderson 5375:Fergusson 5300:Cranstoun 5290:Colquhoun 5270:Charteris 5195:Borthwick 5185:Bannerman 5048:"Mary II" 4561:George II 4225:George II 3688:cite book 3547:. 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Battle of Culloden

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