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In August 1963, Lehman visited the White House to show the
Kennedys his painting. The Kennedys approved of the work, and President Kennedy told Lehman then that the Blue Room was his favorite. Because President Kennedy was assassinated in November 1963, the Blue Room print was never distributed. However, about 1,000 prints were made, numbered, and signed, and some of these were obtained by collectors.
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The Blue Room was chosen as the subject of a 1964 print that the
Kennedys intended to present to White House staff for Christmas. Edward Lehman was commissioned to do the painting. (Lehman had also been commissioned to paint the Red Room and the Green Room for 1962 and 1963 perspective gift prints.)
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hung just below the cornice molding. For the drapes in the room, Boudin chose straight panels of blue silk taffeta. He then replaced Parish's gold cloth on the table with a blue velvet covering with a long gold fringe. The fabrics for the walls, valance, drapes, and tablecloth were all produced by
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and the cornice molding painted gold and white. Painter and craftsman Peter H. Guertler, widely known as an expert on the restoration of historical interior paintwork, repainted these parts of the room for free. Life-size portraits of George
Washington, John Adams, James Madison, and John Quincy
540:. Lane focused primarily on her hosting duties rather than maintaining the White House. Although Congress allotted President Buchanan $ 20,000 ($ 654,000 in 2023 dollars) to refurbish the White House when he moved in, Buchanan spent nearly all these funds building a glass
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discovered a historical painting of the original Monroe-era upholstery for the furniture. Scalamandré was unable to produce a fabric of high enough quality to satisfy Mrs. Kennedy, so Boudin selected the French firm of
Tassinari et Châtel to manufacture the coverings.
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Until the mid-20th century, it was a common and unremarkable practice for the White House to auction off old furniture, place settings, and decorative items. This is how the 1817 suite ended up in private hands. A second original armchair was located at
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in
Washington, D.C. The State Department delivered it to the White House. Delays in design, manufacturing, and delivery forced the White House to upholster the Blue Room chairs in blue taffeta temporarily. Scalamandré provided this fabric for
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Adams had long hung in the Blue Room. Boudin retained these works of art, adding three new works (of Thomas
Jefferson, James Monroe, and Andrew Jackson) purchased by the White House. Boudin purchased and installed black and gilt French Empire
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began a major refurbishment of the White House, including the Blue Room. An advisory
Committee on Fine Arts composed of museum professionals and wealthy individuals interested in antiques technically oversaw her renovation. American antiques
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on the chair backs, which was adapted from the depiction of one of the Monroe-era chairs in a portrait of James Monroe. The painting, however, depicts the chair upholstered in crimson, not blue, showing the original color used for the room.
706:. Kennedy then asked Maison Jansen if they would restore the table. Jansen agreed to do so and donate the work and materials for free. The pier table received a new white marble top and new giltwork. The pier table was placed opposite the
465:, based on early 19th-century designs, completed the renovation project. The design was adapted from an original design for a neoclassical English carpet from about 1815, the period of the furnishings acquired by Monroe for the Blue Room.
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of the Blue Room. Tiny paintings, pieces of furniture, and window treatments in a wide range of colors and designs were manufactured and placed in the maquette to demonstrate to
Jacqueline Kennedy how the room might be put together.
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Concerned with the political repercussions of using a French manufacturer for the White House, the fabric's origin was concealed. Tassinari et Châtel first shipped the fabric to the U.S. embassy in Paris, then shipped it to the
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The Blue Room had long been decorated with a table in the center and other furniture around the edge. Boudin continued this historic decorative scheme, which required him to find a new centerpiece. Although he could locate a
683:, to oversee the refurbishment. Although du Pont and Boudin often competed with one another to control a space's redecoration in the White House, the Blue Room was an area where Boudin had almost exclusive control.
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Jacqueline
Kennedy determined the style of the Blue Room. While researching the history of the White House in early January 1961, she came across a 1946 French magazine article that mentioned a suite of
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imprinted with medallions of burnished gold. It is adapted from an early 19th-century
American Empire wallpaper having French influences. The upper border is a faux printed blue fabric drapery
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in a brief semi-private ceremony in the Blue Room, accompanied by the First Lady and their two daughters. A larger public ceremony, including Obama's second inaugural address, followed at the
556:). Rococo Revival furniture, a purchase of Harriet Lane's, financed by the auction of older White House furniture, arrived in December 1859. The centerpiece of this suite was a large circular
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The design of the blue satin draperies is derived from early 19th-century French patterns. The present drapery design is similar to those installed during the administration of Richard Nixon.
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declined to donate these chairs but agreed to pay for seven reproduction armchairs and six reproduction side chairs. After extensive research into designs, the American fabrics firm
319:. A series of redecorations through the 19th century caused most of the original pieces to be sold or lost. Today much of the furniture is original to the room. Eight pieces of
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were also located in private hands. But with the addition of the 1902 doorways, which had been retained during the 1952 Truman renovation, no space in the Blue Room existed.
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had the room carpeted and wallpapered in blue in 1837, and it has remained the tradition ever since. However, many administrations have made changes to the decoration.
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to cover the table. Mrs. Kennedy was unhappy that the Monroe table was concealed, and Boudin soon swapped it out for a modern table (retaining the Parish covering).
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494:, the Blue Room served as the south entrance hall, though it has always functioned as the principal reception room of the White House. During the administration of
453:. The faux fabric border is similar in effect to an actual fabric border installed during the administration of John F. Kennedy. The printed dado border along the
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in the room on June 2, 1886, the only wedding of a President and First Lady in the White House. The room is traditionally decorated in shades of blue. With the
861:, in declaring Boudin's Blue Room a failure, said Boudin demonstrated no expertise in period American houses. It followed a complete redecoration by First Lady
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The French Empire pier table dictated the style of the room. Boudin initially retained the 1902 suite of chairs for the room. When one of the original 1817
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Deciding where to place other furniture and what sort of colors, window treatments, and other design elements should be made, Maison Jansen created a
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in 1971, which retained the Bellange pieces of Monroe but saw the walls covered with wallpaper for the first time since the early 19th century.
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A series of increasingly complex, highly patterned styles followed until 1902, when the room was returned to an Empire style by the firm of
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When the completed Blue Room was opened to the public in January 1963, there was little criticism of Boudin's efforts. In 1973, First Lady
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Congress authorized the White House to auction off used and broken furniture in 1797. Such auctions were a regular occurrence until 1903.
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round table with a white marble top purchased during the Monroe administration, he disliked its heavy look and asked that it be covered.
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Slack, Megan, "President Obama and Vice President Biden Take the Oath of Office" (Obama White House Archives, January 20, 2013)
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1997:
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758:, an interior decorator and Kennedy friend who had refurbished the private rooms of the White House, designed a gold-colored
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administration. When it came time to redecorate the Blue Room, Truman's designers selected for wall coverings a deep blue
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again refurbished the room. At that time, several critics were very vocal about Boudin's choices for the room. In 1985,
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The wall sconces and chandelier were almost exact copies of those Boudin had used in the Music Room at Munich Residenz.
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Replacing the Truman-era wall covering, Boudin selected a silk upholstery with cream stripes, plain alternating with
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Boudin used the same white-striped wall covering and blue continuous valance in his design of the Music Room at
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The current appearance of the Blue Room is the result of a renovation and refurbishing completed in 1995 by the
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shape. The room is used for receptions and receiving lines and is occasionally set for small dinners. President
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https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2013/01/20/president-obama-and-vice-president-biden-take-oath-office
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Hanging a painting below a wall sconce was a Boudin trademark, one which he had used before in the bedroom at
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702:. Kennedy asked the White House staff to locate pieces from this suite, and one piece was found: a battered
345:(an open wood-frame armchair). The suite of furniture was produced in Paris around 1812 by the cabinetmaker
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The 2009 White House State Floor plan shows the location of the Blue Room, just inside the Southern Portico.
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The room is approximately 30 by 40 feet (9.1 by 12.2 m). It has six doors, which open into the
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510:). When the White House was rebuilt, President James Monroe redecorated the room in the French
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The Hidden White House: Harry Truman and the Reconstruction of America's Most Famous Residence
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was found in Pennsylvania, it was donated to the White House and added to the Blue Room. Two
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619:. The company fabricated a suite of chairs (painted white and gold) based on chairs made for
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Exhibition Catalogue, Sale 6834: The Estate of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis April 23–26, 1996.
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An early 19th-century rectangular blue, gold, and pink French Empire carpet manufactured at
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The model even had real window panes so that actual sunlight could be used on the model.
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was mounted in the center of the ceiling. Additional lighting was provided by a pair of
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A Frenchman in Camelot: The Decoration of the Kennedy White House by Stéphane Boudin.
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and hung four of the paintings beneath them. A French Empire gilt bronze and crystal
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furniture for the room, but the furnishings were destroyed in the fire of 1814 (see
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The Nixon White House Redecoration and Acquisition Program: An Illustrated History
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The White House was completely gutted and rebuilt from 1950 to 1952 during the
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White House Historical Association and the National Geographic Society: 2001.
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White House Historical Association and the National Geographic Society: 1986.
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leaves. Acquired during the Kennedy Administration, it previously hung in the
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in France was chosen for the floor, and a pair of French Empire gilt bronze
675:) led this committee. Mrs. Kennedy also brought in French interior designer
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has been in the White House since Monroe purchased it in 1817. A c. 1817
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view of the Blue Room, in 1870s, during the administration of President
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East wall of the Blue Room of the White House, looking south, c. 1875.
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fabric used for the draperies and furniture upholstery was chosen by
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Honoré Lannuier Cabinetmaker from Paris: The Life and Work of French
24:
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Redecoration of the Blue Room was funded by oil company executive
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The Blue Room as refurnished in 1995 during the administration of
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The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York and Harry Abrams: 1998.
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renovation of the Blue Room in 1904 during the administration of
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To finish unifying the scheme of the Blue Room, Boudin had the
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The White House: The Historic Furnishing & First Families.
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438:'s Department of Decorative Arts as patterns for the drapery.
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The White House: Its Historic Furnishings and First Families
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in 1961 during the Kennedy restoration. A marble-top center
1893:
Upstairs at the White House: My Life with the First Ladies.
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Room in the White House in Washington, D.C., United States
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679:(an advocate of French interior design) and his company,
1687:. Washington, D.C.: White House Historical Association.
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and his wife, Jayne (a close friend of Mrs. Kennedy's).
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is one of three state parlors on the first floor in the
1784:
An Invitation to the White House: At Home with History.
525:, the room was refurbished in a Victorian style called
276:
below it, the Blue Room is one of three oval rooms in
1895:
Coward, McCann & Geoghegan: 1973. SBN 698-10546-X.
1812:
Kenny, Peter M., Frances F. Bretter and Ulrich Leben.
1620:
Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White House Restoration
1141:, the former royal palace of the Bavarian monarchs in
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wood furniture made in 1817 by French furniture maker
548:
on the east side of the White House (built during the
1728:
The White House: An Illustrated Architectural History
432:
Society for the Protection of New England Antiquities
379:
is made of gilded wood and cut glass, encircled with
1900:
A Tour of the White House with Mrs. John F. Kennedy.
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845:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1100:. The organization refused to give it up, however.
552:but torn down to make way for an expansion of the
395:hangs on the west wall above the Monroe sofa. The
151:1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20500
1878:The White House: The History of an American Idea.
888:As January 20, 2013, fell on a Sunday, President
870:Committee for the Preservation of the White House
327:furniture purchased during the administration of
223:Committee for the Preservation of the White House
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1880:White House Historical Association: 1992, 2001.
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1223:
1109:One of the 9-foot (2.7 m) long 1817 Monroe
529:. Buchanan was a lifelong bachelor. His niece,
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883:
430:at that time, used archive materials from the
180:furniture experts in 1926. Subsequent work by
2731:President's House, Ninth Street, Philadelphia
1991:
630:
1731:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company.
606:
654:
1998:
1984:
1618:Abbott, James A.; Rice, Elaine M. (1998).
1617:
1576:Phillips-Schrock, Patrick (21 June 2016).
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963:, and Ronald Reagan in the Blue Room, 1981
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788:design which he formed into a continuous
780:line of the room, Boudin chose blue silk
188:in 1971 further refined that restoration.
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2420:Presidential Emergency Operations Center
1569:
472:
287:
280:'s original design for the White House.
2567:White House to Treasury Building tunnel
1702:Temple, Dottie; Finegold, Stan (2002).
1682:
1645:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
1259:
625:François-Honoré-Georges Jacob-Desmalter
2749:
544:adjacent to the mansion to replace an
1979:
1933:White House website for the Blue Room
1801:Northeastern University Press: 1995.
1659:
1636:
1416:
1235:
2588:Eisenhower Executive Office Building
1098:Daughters of the American Revolution
892:was sworn in for his second term by
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1938:White House Museum's Blue Room page
1912:The White House: An Historic Guide.
1622:. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
1019:in a meeting in the Blue Room, 2009
729:from the suite were located at the
411:upholstery fabric retains the gold
13:
2714:White House Historical Association
1725:Phillips-Schrock, Patrick (2013).
894:Chief Justice of the United States
560:with a central table for flowers.
315:The Blue Room is furnished in the
227:White House Historical Association
14:
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1926:
1756:Boscobel Restoration Inc.: 1995.
874:White House Office of the Curator
485:
341:with enclosed sides) and several
219:White House Office of the Curator
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2314:
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1891:West, J.B. with Mary Lynn Kotz.
1710:. New York: Simon and Schuster.
1668:. New York: Thomas Dunne Books.
1024:
1008:
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944:
928:
846:Nixon and Clinton refurbishments
588:
567:
184:in 1961 and White House curator
172:Coolidge-appointed committee of
23:
2415:Graphics and Calligraphy Office
2005:
1940:, with many historical pictures
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1131:
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1103:
1085:
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34:needs additional citations for
2736:New York City Government House
2709:Solar power at the White House
2019:President of the United States
1902:Doubleday & Company: 1962.
1835:Newsweek Book Division: 1972.
1641:Mary Todd Lincoln: A Biography
1205:Frances Clara Folsom Cleveland
1196:
1067:
1043:in the Blue Room to celebrate
784:with black and gold trim in a
731:Adams National Historical Park
375:The early 19th-century French
331:furnish the room, including a
252:president of the United States
1:
2598:White House Conference Center
2593:New Executive Office Building
2482:Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
2021:(1800–1814; 1817–1948; 1952–)
1746:
1210:Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
1153:'s parlor at the White House.
615:during the administration of
521:During the administration of
490:During the administration of
461:. Installation of a new oval
159:
2572:White House vegetable garden
1786:Simon & Schuster: 2000.
389:George Peter Alexander Healy
254:. It is distinctive for its
58:"Blue Room" White House
7:
2560:Tennis and basketball court
2440:White House Military Office
906:
884:Obama second term inaugural
878:White House Endowment Trust
647:provided shade to the oval
231:White House Endowment Trust
10:
2773:
2425:White House Family Theater
2017:Official residence of the
1706:Flowers, White House Style
1683:Monkman, Betty C. (2000).
1272:Temple & Finegold 2002
1248:Temple & Finegold 2002
1202:Robar, Stephen F. (2004).
1096:, the headquarters of the
918:
631:1950 Truman reconstruction
468:
441:The walls are hung with a
436:Metropolitan Museum of Art
362:French Empire mantel clock
2676:
2628:
2580:
2463:Jacqueline Kennedy Garden
2448:
2400:
2335:
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2283:
2212:
2151:
2128:Diplomatic Reception Room
2103:
2085:
2074:
2013:
1799:Our Changing White House.
1782:Clinton, Hillary Rodham.
993:Australian Prime Minister
836:Charles Bierer Wrightsman
710:, its historic location.
607:1902 Roosevelt renovation
274:Diplomatic Reception Room
236:
213:
202:
192:
168:
155:
147:
128:
123:
2757:Rooms in the White House
2410:Office of the First Lady
1055:
913:Blue Room Christmas tree
739:Charles Francis Adams IV
655:1961 Kennedy restoration
2245:President's Dining Room
1850:Abbeville Press: 2000.
1637:Baker, Jean H. (1987).
696:Pierre-Antoine Bellangé
651:outside the Blue Room.
613:McKim, Mead & White
533:, acted as hostess and
385:President's Dining Room
347:Pierre-Antoine Bellangé
284:Description of the room
250:, the residence of the
124:Blue Room (White House)
2620:Presidential Townhouse
2047:Germantown White House
2036:Alexander Macomb House
1908:Sotheby's, Inc.: 1996.
1863:The President's House.
1771:Acanthus Press: 2006.
1660:Klara, Robert (2013).
1564:Abbott & Rice 1998
1543:Abbott & Rice 1998
1531:Abbott & Rice 1998
1519:Abbott & Rice 1998
1507:Abbott & Rice 1998
1495:Abbott & Rice 1998
1480:Abbott & Rice 1998
1468:Abbott & Rice 1998
1456:Abbott & Rice 1998
1444:Abbott & Rice 1998
1429:Abbott & Rice 1998
1405:Abbott & Rice 1998
1393:Abbott & Rice 1998
1381:Abbott & Rice 1998
1369:Abbott & Rice 1998
1352:Abbott & Rice 1998
1340:Abbott & Rice 1998
1328:Abbott & Rice 1998
1316:Abbott & Rice 1998
1301:Abbott & Rice 1998
1284:Abbott & Rice 1998
1003:in the Blue Room, 2006
939:in the Blue Room, 1981
575:McKim, Mead, and White
550:Jackson administration
482:
457:is blue and gold with
372:, sits on the mantel.
293:
203:Architectural style(s)
2668:West Executive Avenue
2643:East Executive Avenue
2123:Office of the Curator
2095:Chief Floral Designer
1224:Phillips-Schrock 2013
669:Henry Francis du Pont
476:
387:on the second floor.
291:
2506:Marquis de Lafayette
2255:Queens' Sitting Room
2235:Lincoln Sitting Room
1818:in Federal New York.
876:, and funded by the
659:In 1961, First Lady
502:designed a suite of
391:'s 1859 portrait of
43:improve this article
2663:Pennsylvania Avenue
2638:Constitution Avenue
2490:Comte de Rochambeau
2382:Press Briefing Room
2240:President's Bedroom
2030:Samuel Osgood House
1962:38.8975°N 77.0365°W
1958: /
1545:, pp. 116–117.
1533:, pp. 57, 116.
1497:, pp. 108–110.
1482:, pp. 104–105.
1470:, pp. 115–116.
1458:, pp. 110–115.
1431:, pp. 103–104.
1395:, pp. 106–107.
1383:, pp. 101–102.
856:White House Curator
831:for the fireplace.
689:French Empire-style
428:White House Curator
317:French Empire style
2608:Peter Parker House
2498:Tadeusz Kościuszko
2179:Family Dining Room
1846:Monkman, Betty C.
1797:Garrett, Wendell.
661:Jacqueline Kennedy
617:Theodore Roosevelt
579:Theodore Roosevelt
483:
370:Denière et Matelin
294:
2744:
2743:
2704:Security breaches
2518:St. John's Church
2377:Oval Office Study
2304:
2303:
2270:West Sitting Hall
2225:East Sitting Hall
2199:State Dining Room
2053:The Octagon House
2042:President's House
1967:38.8975; -77.0365
1767:Abbott, James A.
1752:Abbott, James A.
1589:978-1-4766-2238-5
1330:, pp. 21–24.
1094:Constitution Hall
983:, Vice President
673:Federal furniture
554:Treasury Building
504:classical-revival
364:with a figure of
272:above it and the
240:
239:
119:
118:
111:
93:
2764:
2615:Trowbridge House
2530:President's Park
2468:Lafayette Square
2430:Social Secretary
2350:Executive Office
2330:
2329:
2324:
2318:
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2312:
2275:Yellow Oval Room
2083:
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1876:Seale, William,
1861:Seale, William.
1833:The White House.
1831:Leish, Kenneth.
1742:
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1125:State Department
1120:
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1089:
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1080:
1074:
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1028:
1012:
972:
948:
932:
776:. To soften the
700:Yellow Oval Room
592:
571:
516:Martin Van Buren
500:Benjamin Latrobe
270:Yellow Oval Room
260:Grover Cleveland
174:Colonial revival
164:
161:
141:Ulysses S. Grant
133:
121:
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107:
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100:
94:
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51:
27:
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2435:Visitors Office
2396:
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2300:
2279:
2250:Queens' Bedroom
2230:Lincoln Bedroom
2208:
2184:Grand Staircase
2147:
2099:
2077:
2070:
2059:Seven Buildings
2045:
2028:
2009:
2004:
1966:
1964:
1960:
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1354:, pp. 5–6.
1350:
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1250:, pp. 2–3.
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1139:Munich Residenz
1136:
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1090:
1086:
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1068:
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1048:
1035:and First Lady
1029:
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1004:
973:
964:
949:
940:
933:
921:
909:
897:John G. Roberts
886:
848:
786:Baroque Revival
698:for use in the
677:Stéphane Boudin
657:
637:Harry S. Truman
633:
609:
604:
603:
602:
601:
600:
593:
584:
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572:
488:
471:
405:Hillary Clinton
286:
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5:
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2726:whitehouse.gov
2723:
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2694:Reconstruction
2691:
2689:Christmas Tree
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2474:Andrew Jackson
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2387:Roosevelt Room
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2265:Truman Balcony
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2033:
2022:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1980:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1928:
1927:External links
1925:
1924:
1923:
1909:
1903:
1898:Wolff, Perry.
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1288:
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1276:
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1238:, p. 182.
1228:
1226:, p. 104.
1213:
1194:
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1192:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1155:
1151:Dolley Madison
1130:
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977:George W. Bush
974:
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965:
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943:
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935:President and
934:
927:
924:
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917:
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905:
903:the next day.
885:
882:
859:Clement Conger
847:
844:
671:(an expert in
656:
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645:Truman Balcony
632:
629:
608:
605:
594:
587:
586:
585:
573:
566:
565:
564:
563:
562:
527:Rococo Revival
523:James Buchanan
487:
486:The oval salon
484:
470:
467:
424:Clement Conger
285:
282:
266:Frances Folsom
238:
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214:Governing body
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2174:Entrance Hall
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1856:0-7892-0624-2
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1826:0-87099-836-6
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1585:
1582:. McFarland.
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1348:
1342:, p. 22.
1341:
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1262:, p. 14.
1261:
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1208:, pp. 25–28.
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953:Richard Nixon
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793:Scalamandré.
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756:Sister Parish
753:
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735:Massachusetts
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681:Maison Jansen
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60: –
59:
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54:Find sources:
48:
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38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
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2489:
2481:
2473:
2345:Cabinet Room
2296:Solar panels
2213:Second floor
2158:
2143:Vermeil Room
2104:Ground floor
1943:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1892:
1877:
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1817:
1813:
1798:
1783:
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1727:
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1612:Bibliography
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1475:
1463:
1451:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1376:
1347:
1335:
1323:
1279:
1274:, p. 3.
1267:
1260:Monkman 2000
1255:
1243:
1231:
1204:
1198:
1179:
1164:Leeds Castle
1158:
1133:
1118:
1105:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1017:Barack Obama
961:Jimmy Carter
901:U.S. Capitol
890:Barack Obama
887:
867:
849:
840:
833:
822:
795:
771:
748:
720:
712:
685:
658:
634:
610:
597:Bill Clinton
542:conservatory
534:
531:Harriet Lane
520:
512:Empire style
498:, architect
489:
440:
421:
374:
332:
329:James Monroe
314:
295:
243:
241:
208:Empire style
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2648:H Street NW
2603:Blair House
2535:Rose Garden
2458:The Ellipse
2365:call button
2355:Oval Office
2260:Treaty Room
2220:Center Hall
2204:Chief Usher
2152:State floor
2067:(1948–1952)
2065:Blair House
2061:(1815–1817)
2055:(1814–1815)
2049:(1793–1794)
2044:(1790–1800)
2032:(1789–1790)
2007:White House
1965: /
1001:Mrs. Howard
997:John Howard
989:Mrs. Cheney
985:Dick Cheney
957:Gerald Ford
951:Presidents
937:Mrs. Reagan
765:cloth with
743:Scalamandré
727:side chairs
508:War of 1812
479:Rotogravure
407:. The silk
278:James Hoban
248:White House
197:James Hoban
163: 1800
137:stereograph
99:August 2009
2540:South Lawn
2525:North Lawn
2189:Green Room
2164:Cross Hall
2116:collection
2111:China Room
2025:Camp David
1953:77°02′11″W
1950:38°53′51″N
1747:References
1694:0789206242
1652:0393024369
1629:0442025327
1417:Klara 2013
1236:Baker 1987
1037:Jill Biden
1031:President
1015:President
975:President
825:Savonnerie
811:chandelier
704:pier table
666:autodidact
538:First Lady
492:John Adams
481:on paper.
455:chair rail
393:John Tyler
377:chandelier
310:South Lawn
302:Green Room
298:Cross Hall
69:newspapers
2402:East Wing
2337:West Wing
2169:East Room
2159:Blue Room
2078:Residence
2076:Executive
1816:Ébiniste
1191:Citations
1033:Joe Biden
981:Mrs. Bush
863:Pat Nixon
852:Pat Nixon
818:torchères
798:dado rail
723:armchairs
708:fireplace
447:wallpaper
445:-colored
416:medallion
343:fauteuils
323:European
244:Blue Room
193:Architect
2751:Category
2699:Replicas
2291:Flagpole
2194:Red Room
2138:Map Room
2087:Basement
1039:light a
907:See also
829:andirons
815:caryatid
752:mahogany
715:maquette
621:Napoleon
546:orangery
535:de facto
459:rosettes
434:and the
397:sapphire
381:acanthus
366:Hannibal
339:armchair
306:Red Room
229:and the
169:Restored
148:Location
2684:Artwork
2677:Related
2631:streets
2450:Grounds
2133:Library
2027:(1938–)
1769:Jansen.
1172:England
1147:Germany
919:Gallery
805:on the
803:sconces
790:valance
782:taffeta
778:cornice
767:tassels
649:portico
469:History
443:chamois
334:bergère
263:married
206:French
178:Federal
83:scholar
2629:Nearby
2508:statue
2500:statue
2492:statue
2484:statue
2476:statue
2038:(1790)
1918:
1884:
1869:
1854:
1839:
1824:
1805:
1790:
1775:
1760:
1735:
1714:
1691:
1672:
1649:
1626:
1586:
1143:Munich
1047:, 2021
1045:Diwali
872:, the
763:damask
558:settee
463:carpet
409:lampas
399:-blue
359:ormolu
321:gilded
225:, the
221:, the
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2581:Annex
2370:clock
1128:free.
1111:sofas
1061:Notes
1056:Notes
807:piers
774:satin
413:eagle
368:, by
355:table
325:beech
156:Built
90:JSTOR
76:books
2360:desk
2284:Roof
1916:ISBN
1882:ISBN
1867:ISBN
1852:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1822:ISBN
1803:ISBN
1788:ISBN
1773:ISBN
1758:ISBN
1733:ISBN
1712:ISBN
1689:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1647:ISBN
1624:ISBN
1584:ISBN
1168:Kent
1041:diya
999:and
760:silk
692:gilt
641:silk
451:swag
401:silk
337:(an
256:oval
242:The
217:The
176:and
62:news
1166:in
733:in
623:by
45:by
2753::
1550:^
1487:^
1436:^
1359:^
1308:^
1291:^
1216:^
1170:,
1145:,
995:,
991:,
987:,
979:,
959:,
955:,
880:.
820:.
737:.
514:.
426:,
312:.
304:,
300:,
160:c.
135:A
1999:e
1992:t
1985:v
1922:.
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97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
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39:.
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