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wide at its northern end to 100 km in width along the southern shore of the isthmus. The folding and faulting of the earth's crust which formed the belt began about 5 million years ago. The
Lengguru Fold and Thrust Belt is bounded on the east by the Wandammen Ridge, which is composed of older (Paleozoic and Mesozoic) sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. To the west the fold and thrust belt transitions to the Bintuni Basin lowlands, which underlie most of the Bomberai Peninsula.
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The isthmus includes a gap in the chain of mountains that run almost continuously down the length of the island from the Bird's Head
Peninsula to New Guinea's southeastern tip. This gap, known as the Omba-Woromi corridor, extends along the eastern side of the Wandammen Mountains and southeast of the
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Most of isthmus' terrain consists of ridges and valleys running north-northwest to west-northwest. This geologic region, whose surface rocks are mostly limestone, is known as the
Lengguru Fold and Thrust Belt or Vogelkop Anticlines. This belt is approximately 300 km in length, and ranges from 30 km
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landscape with irregular surface drainage and several large and seasonally fluctuating lakes. These include Lake
Kurumoi (02°10' S, 134°5' E), Lake Laamora (03°41' S, 134°17' E), Lake Aiwaso (03°39' S, 134°16' E), and Lake Kamaka (03°43' S, 134°11' E).
123:, from the uplands of the isthmus and the western peninsulas. Lake Yamur, or Jamur, is located in the corridor. The lake is drained by the Omba River, which follows the corridor southwards to empty into the Arafura Sea southeast of
293:
Polhemus, D. A., Allen, G. R., Englund, R. A. (2004). Freshwater Biotas of New Guinea and Nearby
Islands: An Analysis of Endemism, Richness, and Threats. United States: Bishop
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Baker, Taylor A., Structural
Analysis of the Lengguru Fold and Thrust Belt, Irian Jaya, Indonesia, Bachelor of Science (Honours), School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2022.
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of New Guinea's northern lowlands and southern lowlands, which are otherwise separated by the
Central Highlands, can mingle, as can the avifaunas of the western peninsulas and New Guinea's main mass.
260:
Diamond, J., Bishop, K. D., & Sneider, R. (2019). An avifaunal double suture zone at the Bird’s Neck
Isthmus of New Guinea. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 131(3), 435–458.
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fold and thrust belt, and is about 60 km wide with a maximum elevation of only 160 metres. It separates the
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Lake Yamur is home to wetland birds and waterfowl, as well as an endemic species of fish, the
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The isthmus is a transition zone between some of New Guinea's main ecological regions.
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153:, David Bishop, and Richard Sneider describe it as a 'double suture zone', where the
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The fold and thrust belt's porous limestone and folded topography creates areas of
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is considerably closer to the north shore than to the south shore. The mountainous
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Location of the Bird's Neck
Isthmus in Western New Guinea
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in the Wandammen Mountains above 1000 meters elevation.
305:Endemic Bird Areas factsheet: West Papuan lowlands
242:Endemic Bird Areas factsheet: West Papuan lowlands
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262:https://www.jstor.org/stable/27014163
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67:. The isthmus is mostly covered in
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350:Landforms of West Papua (province)
321:Freshwater Ecoregions of the World
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278:https://ro.uow.edu.au/thsci/218
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303:BirdLife International (2024)
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240:BirdLife International (2024)
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16:Isthmus in western New Guinea
69:lowland tropical rain forest
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345:Landforms of Central Papua
224:in or around Lake Kamaka.
221:Craterocephalus fistularis
135:The isthmus is covered in
79:The isthmus is bounded by
323:. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
307:. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
244:. Retrieved 3 March 2023.
215:Melanotaenia pierucciae
168:), and a population of
166:Variichthys jamoerensis
83:to the north, and the
197:Melanotaenia lakamora
185:Melanotaenia lakamora
75:Geography and geology
61:Bird's Head Peninsula
340:Isthmuses of Oceania
206:in Lake Aiwaso, and
203:Mogurnda aiwasoensis
39:class=notpageimage|
317:Vogelkop - Bomberai
209:Melanotaenia kamaka
174:Carcharhinus leucas
141:montane rain forest
137:lowland rain forest
93:Wandammen Peninsula
49:Bird's Neck Isthmus
179:Melanotaenia parva
162:Yamur Lake grunter
87:to the south. The
65:Bomberai Peninsula
194:in Lake Laamora,
182:in Lake Kurumoi,
117:Weyland Mountains
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131:Flora and fauna
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139:. There is
85:Arafura Sea
55:in western
334:Categories
228:References
170:bull shark
57:New Guinea
155:avifaunas
125:Etna Bay
97:Etna Bay
294:Museum.
53:isthmus
218:, and
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108:karst
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