607:. According to Bambaata, this was an unauthorized release. Winley recorded two versions of Soulsonic Force's landmark single, "Zulu Nation Throwdown", with authorization from the musicians. Disappointed with the results of the single, Bambaataa left the company. The arranger credit on these recordings is correctly attributed to Harlem Underground Band leader, Kevin Donovan. This led to the false assumption that Bambaataa's real name was Kevin Donovan, which was widely accepted by the hip hop community until recently, following sexual abuse allegations, when Bronx River residents spoke out and revealed in oral testimonies that Bambaataa's real name was in fact Lance Taylor.
404:, Bambaataa began to realize the potential for technological advancement in music making, deciding to stop performing with a live band and instead only relying on technology on stage. That same year, Bambaataa released his breakthrough electro-funk track in the form of “Planet Rock”, which featured Bambaataa, producer Arthur Baker and the Soulsonic Force. This groundbreaking single, featuring the iconic line “party people, can you feel it?,” seamlessly blended electronic sounds, drum machines, and futuristic synthesizers with traditional funk and hip-hop elements. Featuring a synth hook from Kraftwerk’s “
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33:
437:– went outside the United States on the first hip-hop tour. He saw that the hip hop tours would be the key to help expand hip hop and his Universal Zulu Nation. In addition it would help promote the values of hip hop that he believed are based on peace, unity, love, and having fun. He brought peace to the gangs; many artists and gang members say that "hip hop saved a lot of lives". His influence inspired many overseas artists like the
556:' Community Center, with Mr. Biggs, Queen Kenya, and Cowboy, who accompanied him in performances in the community. Because of his prior status in the Black Spades, he already had an established Army party crowd drawn from former members of the gang. Hip hop culture was spreading through the streets via house parties, block parties, gym dances and mix tapes.
354:. He quickly rose to the position of "warlord" in one of the divisions. As warlord, it was his job to build ranks and expand the turf of the young Spades. He was not afraid to cross turfs to forge relationships with other gangs, and their members. As a result, the Spades became the biggest gang in the city in terms of both membership and turf.
1024:'s Hip Hop Collection, the largest collection of historical hip hop music in North America, and the university's department of Music. His archives, including his vinyl collection, original audio and video recordings, manuscripts, books, and papers arrived at the Cornell University Hip Hop Collection in December 2013.
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On May 6 that year, Bambaataa left his position as head of The Zulu Nation. Then, a month later, The
Universal Zulu Nation issued an open letter apologizing to the people alleging Bambaataa had sexually abused them while expressing responsibility for the organization's "poor response". The letter was
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denying the allegations. In early May 2016, the
Universal Zulu Nation disassociated themselves from Bambaataa as part of an organizational restructuring that saw the group removing "all accused parties and those accused of covering up the current allegations of child molestation" from their current
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The group was
Harmony and LG. The first single, 1987's "Dance To The Drums/No Joke", was produced by Bambaataa and Baker with musicians Keith LeBlanc and Doug Wimbish. Bambaataa was involved in the Stop the Violence Movement, and with other hip hop artists recorded "Self Destruction", a 12" single
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Inspired by hip-hop icons like DJ Kool Herc, Bambaataa began hosting block parties throughout the South Bronx, including at the Bronx River
Organization. Bambaataa engaged primarily as a hip-hop artist. Due to his ties to organized crime, much of his early fan base was centered around the hip-hop
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The Zulu Nation was the first hip-hop organization, with an official birth date of
November 12, 1977. Bambaataa's plan with the Universal Zulu Nation was to build a movement out of the creativity of a new generation of outcast youths with an authentic, liberating worldview.
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In 1982, Bambaataa began playing "authentically" electronic music in the form of EBN-OZN’s “AEIOU Sometimes Y”, which was the first ever commercially released
American single made on a computer, namely the Fairlight CMI. Inspired by techno groups such as
642:. It was the first time Bambaataa had performed before a predominantly white crowd. Attendance for his parties downtown became so large that he had to move to larger venues, first to the Ritz, in a show organized by hip hop pioneer, Michael Holman, with
422:-inspired style of rhyming. The term was first used in print to refer to the music by reporter Robert Flipping, Jr. in a February 1979 article in the New Pittsburgh Courier, and to refer to the culture in a January 1982 interview of Afrika Bambaataa by
376:, who led an armed rebellion against unfair economic practices in early 20th-century South Africa. He told people that his name was Zulu for "affectionate leader". Bambaataa formed The "Bronx River Organization" as an alternative to the Black Spades.
408:”, as well as electronic drum patterns from their track “Numbers,” Bambaataa’s “Planet Rock” not only became a massive commercial hit in clubs and dance floors everywhere, but also set the stage for the emergence of electro-funk as a distinct genre.
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article titled "Afrika
Bambaataa Allegedly Molested Young Men For Decades" and reported stories from the alleged victims and witnesses. The article stated the accusers "claim that these accounts of alleged abuse have been common knowledge in the
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the Double Dutch crew who traveled with Fab 5 Freddy, Rammellzee, Afrika
Bambaataa, Rock Steady Crew, Phase 2, Futura and Dondi to Europe for 1982 The Roxy Tour (also known as The New York City Rap tour) in the first ever international hip hop
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No charges have been brought against Afrika
Bambaataa to date. In October 2021 Bambaataa was sued by an anonymous man who alleged that between 1991 and 1995 Bambaataa repeatedly sexually abused him when he was a minor and also
474:, ushering in the era of music computer sampling. In that same year, Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force stopped performing with a live band, and began to use only technology. Bambaataa credited the pioneering Japanese
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Bambaataa was a judge for the 6th annual
Independent Music Awards to support independent artists' careers. On September 27, 2007, it was announced that Afrika Bambaataa was one of the nine nominees for the 2008
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in that film. During his trip to Africa, the communities he visited inspired him to create one in his own neighborhood. He changed his name to Afrika Bambaataa Aasim, adopting the name of the Zulu chief
384:
Due to the oft nebulous timeline of hip-hop origins, there are conflicting accounts of when Bambaataa began hosting parties. Some suggest he began as early as 1970, predating noted "father of hip hop"
852:. He had recorded a few other works with Family three years earlier, one titled "Funk You" in 1985, and the other titled "Beware (The Funk Is Everywhere)" in 1986. In 1986 he discovered an artist in
685:, funk, and rock. Different elements and musical styles were used together. The song became an immediate hit and stormed the music charts worldwide. The song melded the main melody from Kraftwerk's "
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which hit number one on the Hot Rap Singles Chart in March 1989. The single went gold and raised $ 400,000 for the National Urban League to be used for community anti-violence education programs.
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movement , as Bambaataa established numerous rap groups including the “Jazzy 5” and the “Soulsonic Force”, which featured many artists that had overlapped with the Universal Zulu Nation.
388:, while others contend he began after Herc in 1976, in fact, attending and drawing inspiration from Kool Herc parties. He vowed to use hip-hop to draw angry kids out of gangs and form the
584:, which originally consisted of approximately 20 Zulu Nation members: Mr. Biggs, Queen Kenya, DJ Cowboy Soulsonic Force (#2), Pow Wow, G.L.0.B.E. (creator of the "MC popping" rap style),
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About a year later Bambaataa reformed the group, calling it the Zulu Nation (inspired by his wide studies on African history at the time). Specifically, Bambaataa watched the 1964 film
505:", which went to gold status and generated an entire school of "electro-boogie" rap and dance music. Bambaataa formed his own label to release the Time Zone Compilation. He created "
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and witnessed debates between his mother and uncle regarding the conflicting ideologies in the movement. He was exposed to his mother's extensive and eclectic record collection.
856:. (Through MC SHY D) by the name of Kenya Miler a.k.a. MC Harmony (Known producer now as Kenya Fame Flames Miller), that was later signed to Criminal Records and Arthur Baker.
447:
He was a popular DJ in the South Bronx rap scene and became known not only as Afrika Bambaataa but also as the "Master of Records". He established two rap crews: the
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569:) joined him, whom he called the Zulu Kings, and later formed the Zulu Queens, and the Shaka Zulu Kings and Queens. As he continued deejaying, more DJs, rappers,
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and the ANC to hip hop audiences. In relation to the event, the recording Ndodemnyama (Free South Africa) helped raise approximately $ 30,000 for the ANC.
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592:-DJ Jazzy Jay, Mr. Freeze, Master D.E.E., Kool DJ Red Alert, Sundance, Ice Ice (#2), Charlie Choo, Master Bee, Busy Bee Starski, Akbar (Lil Starski), and
470:'s ground breaking, 12-inch white rap/spoken word "AEIOU Sometimes Y". It was the first commercially released American single ever made on a computer, a
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him in 1980, when Savage was 15. Following Savage's allegations, three more men accused Bambaataa of sexual abuse. Bambaataa issued a statement to
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Afrika Bambaataa was booked on the first ever European hip hop tour presented by Europe One and Fnac France. Along with himself were rapper and
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community and beyond since the early 1980s, including among many of Bambaataa's closest friends and Zulu soldiers." In a March 2021 interview,
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In 1982, their manager Ruza "Kool Lady" Blue organized The Roxy Tour, which featured Grandmixer D.S.T now Rock Steady Crew, Afrika Bambaataa,
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said "everyone knew" about the accusations, calling it "hip hop's best kept secret" but would not respond when asked if he knew specifically.
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3215:"EXCLUSIVE: Afrika Bambaataa sex abuse accuser Ronald Savage details years of torment following hip-hop icon's molestation: 'He damaged me'"
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in the East Village Eye. The term gained further currency in September of that year in another Bambaataa interview in The Village Voice, by
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888:'s release from prison. The concert brought together performances by British and American rappers, and also introduced both Nelson and
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In the late 1970s, Bambaataa formed what became known as the Universal Zulu Nation, a group of socially and politically aware rappers,
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all around The South Bronx. He even faced his long-time friend, Disco King Mario in a DJ battle. He then began performing at
577:, graffiti writers, and artists followed him, and he took them under his wing and made them all members of his Zulu Nation.
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2742:"Back to the future: Yellow Magic Orchestra helped usher in electronica – and they may just have invented hip-hop, too"
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2969:, Double-Dutch Girls, and Fab 5 Freddy. This tour traveled to Europe, which spread hip-hop culture to many countries.
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303:, he has helped spread hip hop culture throughout the world. In May 2016, Bambaataa left his position as head of the
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759:, where he developed and placed two groups on the label: Time Zone and Shango. Bambaataa recorded "Wildstyle" with
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of drug dealers, assisting with community health programs and both fighting and partying to keep members and turf.
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596:. The personnel for the Soulsonic Force were groups within groups with whom he would perform and make records.
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including MCs Master Ice, Mr. Freeze, Master Bee, Master D.E.E, and AJ Les, and the second crew referred to as
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3411:"Afrika Bambaataa Allegedly Molested Young Men For Decades. Why Are the Accusations Only Coming out Now?"
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405:
980:, on the track "D-Funktional". He performed the lyrics on the track "Is There Anybody Out There" by the
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signed by nearly three dozen members of the Zulu Nation, including leaders from as far as New Zealand.
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791:". It was billed in music industry circles as "the Godfather of Soul meets the Godfather of Hip Hop".
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Fink, Robert (October 2005). "The Story of ORCH5, or, the Classical Ghost in the Hip-Hop Machine".
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3438:"Melle Mel: Everyone Knew about Afrika Bambaataa Accusations, Hip Hop's Best Kept Secret (Part 3)"
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3271:"Afrika Bambaataa Calls Sexual Abuse Allegations 'A Cowardly Attempt to Tarnish My Reputation'"
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479:
3355:"Zulu Nation Releases Letter Apologizing to Victims accusing Afrika Bambaataa of Sexual Abuse"
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Pabon, Jorge (2007). "Physical Graffiti: the History of Hip Hop Dance". In Chang, Jeff (ed.).
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From the mid-1990s, Bambaataa returned to his electro roots. In 1998, he produced a remix of "
3018:(CD booklet). James Brown, Afrika Bambaataa. New York City: PolyGram Records. pp. 46–53.
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304:
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418:, is credited with naming hip-hop. The term became a common phrase used by MCs as part of a
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Holman, Michael (January 1982). "An interview with DJ Africa Bambaata of the Zulu Nation".
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In Search of the Black Fantastic: Politics and Popular Culture in the Post-Civil Rights Era
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On August 14, 2012, Bambaataa was given a three-year appointment as a visiting scholar at
8:
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3327:"Afrika Bambaataa Steps Down as Zulu Nation Leader Amid Reports of Child Sexual Assault"
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2284:"Afrika Bambaataa Steps Down as Zulu Nation Leader Amid Reports of Child Sexual Assault"
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2671:"Africa Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force Seek to Reclaim 'Planet Rock' from Record Label"
2464:"Africa Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force Seek to Reclaim 'Planet Rock' from Record Label"
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3156:"Freekbass, Buckethead and Chuck D Pay Tribute to James Brown with Bootsy Collins"
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Inductions. On December 22, 2007, he made a surprise appearance performing at the
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Jacobs, Shayna; Kochman, Ben; Schapiro, Rich; O'Keeffe, Michael (April 9, 2016).
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elements, called "Planet Rock '98", which is regarded as an early example of the
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and formed the Bronx River Organization, then later simply "The Organization".
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3471:"How the Afrika Bambaataa Allegations Could Help Change Child Sex Abuse Laws"
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3178:
2947:"Hip-Hop Dance History: 10 Reasons You Should Check Out the Rock Steady Crew"
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490:
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102:
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Flipping, Robert Jr. (February 24, 1979). "If You Funk Us, We'll Funk You".
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427:
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3383:"Zulu Nation Apologizes to Afrika Bambaataa's Alleged Molestation Victims"
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588:, Cosmic Force, Queen Lisa Lee, Prince Ikey C, Ice Ice (#1), Chubby Chub;
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3628:
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3520:"Hip-Hop Legend Afrika Bambaataa Sex Trafficked 12-Year-Old Boy: Lawsuit"
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1978:
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1005:
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824:, and others. During 1988, he recorded "Afrika Bambaataa and Family" for
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All Music Guide to Electronica: The Definitive Guide to Electronic Music
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Around October 1985, Bambaataa and other music stars worked on the anti-
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In 1982, Bambaataa and his followers – a group of dancers, artists, and
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In 1984, Bambaataa and other hip hop celebrities appeared in the movie
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751:", both with the same Soulsonic Force. He began working with producer
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2490:"the story of orch5, or, the classical ghost in the hip-hop machine"
2223:(1st ed.). New York City: Picador St. Martin's Press. pp.
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First Annual Tribute Fit For the King of King Records, Mr. Dynamite
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Gee Street Records, Bambaataa and John Baker organized a concert at
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3090:"BASSHEADS | full Official Chart History | Official Charts Company"
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and Time Zone in 1984, titled "World Destruction". Shango's album,
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526:
463:
332:
3299:"Zulu Nation Apologizes to Alleged Afrika Bambaataa Abuse Victims"
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Hager, Steven (September 21, 1982). "Afrika Bambaataa's Hip Hop".
2407:. Frank Broughton (1st American ed.). New York: Grove Press.
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was putting together music packages in the largely white downtown
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magazine's "Most Important Americans of the 20th Century" issue.
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The Hood Comes First: Race, Space, and Place in Rap and Hip Hop
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After Bambaataa won an essay contest that earned him a trip to
2842:. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. p.
2170:(4th ed.). Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Backbeat Books. p.
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Last Night a DJ Saved My Life: The History of the Disc Jockey
677:, came out that June under the name Afrika Bambaataa and the
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Opening the Afrika Bambaataa Master of Records Vinyl Archive
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clubs, and invited Bambaataa to perform at one of them, the
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Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation
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Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation
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loaned him his first equipment, Bambaataa began organizing
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277:. He is notable for releasing a series of genre-defining
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3243:"Afrika Bambataa Accused of Sex Abuse By Three More Men"
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Chang, Jeff (October 12, 2009). "It's a Hip-Hop World".
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Warlocks and Witches, Computer Chips, Microchips and You
720:(formerly Grand Mixer D.St), B-boy and B-girl crews the
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and was impressed with the solidarity exhibited by the
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culture. Afrika Bambaataa is one of the originators of
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tracks in the 1980s that influenced the development of
266:
3492:"Afrika Bambaataa sued for alleged child sexual abuse"
3174:"Afrika Bambaataa Named Visiting Professor at Cornell"
952:, a group that was named after him, on the 2004 album
565:, which sparked the name for the group. Five b-boys (
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2902:(September 21, 1982). "Afrika Bambaataa's Hip-Hop".
2346:"Afrika Bambaataa: Crate-digger, collector, creator"
2124:
1020:. The appointment was made in collaboration between
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Bambaataa had deejayed with his own sound system at
513:" as an industry-certified trend in the late 1990s.
335:
mother and uncle. As a child, he was exposed to the
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Groove Music: The Art and Culture of the Hip-Hop DJ
489:pioneers Kraftwerk and was provided the electronic
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3182:. New York City: Wenner Media Ltd. August 14, 2012
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455:including Mr. Biggs, Pow Wow and Emcee G.L.O.B.E.
3203:at Cornell University. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
2135:"Afrika Bambaataa [Aasim, Kevin Donovan]"
1027:
962:. In 2006, he was featured on the British singer
701:, thus creating a new style of music altogether,
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3584:"AFRIKA BAMBAATAA - full Official Chart History"
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2081:. New York: Caipirinha Productions Inc. p.
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681:. The song borrowed musical motifs from German
509:" as its own subgenre and the ratification of "
361:, his worldview shifted. He had seen the movie
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3126:"The 2008 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Nominees"
2565:Total Chaos: The Art and Aesthetics of Hip Hop
689:" with electronic beats based on their track "
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3108:"Past Judges of the Independent Music Awards"
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2157:
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485:He also borrowed a keyboard hook from German
295:Through his co-opting of the street gang the
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743:Bambaataa's second release around 1983 was "
482:, whose work he sampled, as an inspiration.
3490:Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (September 10, 2021).
2860:
2554:
516:
462:'s futuristic electronic music, debuted at
343:in the area became the law, clearing their
3707:
3693:
3518:Howard, Brooke Leigh (September 9, 2021).
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2078:Modulations: A History of Electronic Music
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984:. As an actor, he has played a variety of
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2380:. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
2038:"—" denotes releases that did not chart.
1840:"What's the Name of this Nation?...Zulu"
783:. He also made a landmark recording with
3761:Dark Matter Moving at the Speed of Light
2593:
2569:. New York City: Civitas Books. p.
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2163:
1359:Dark Matter Moving at the Speed of Light
1316:Theme of the United Nations w/ DJ Yutaka
1220:Don't Stop... Planet Rock (The Remix EP)
1032:In April 2016, Bronx political activist
955:Dark Matter Moving at the Speed of Light
618:
533:. By 1977, inspired by DJ Kool Herc and
458:In 1982, Bambaataa, who was inspired by
203:(born on April 17, 1957), also known as
3781:Looking for the Perfect Beat: 1980–1985
3469:Caplan-Bricker, Nora (April 19, 2016).
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1343:Looking for the Perfect Beat: 1980–1985
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3031:"On The Line With....Africa Bambaataa"
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921:. The same year, he collaborated with
693:" as well as portions from records by
416:Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five
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2986:"Ready your ropes: Pick up your feet"
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939:" also appeared on the soundtrack to
929:", the first single from Leftfield's
774:, was released by the label in 1984.
529:artists and other people involved in
327:immigrants, Bambaataa grew up in the
3986:21st-century American male musicians
3901:American rappers of Jamaican descent
3896:American people of Barbadian descent
3714:
3352:
3241:Golding, Sheniqua (April 17, 2016).
3132:. September 27, 2007. Archived from
3028:
3014:Leeds, Alan; Weinger, Harry (1991).
2984:Dracoulis, Nicola (March 29, 2010).
2822:
2700:
2487:
2375:
2312:
2188:
299:into the music and culture-oriented
3976:American electronic dance music DJs
3079:
2669:Gardner, Eriq (February 12, 2016).
2462:Gardner, Eriq (February 12, 2016).
2241:
13:
3029:Cook, Davey 'D.' (December 1991).
1928:"Agharta – The City of Shamballa"
14:
4002:
3607:
2535:Chang, Jeff (December 18, 2023).
1955:"Got to Get Up" (vs. Carpe Diem)
1349:Tommy Boy/Rhino/Atlantic Records
599:In 1980, Bambaataa's groups made
311:dating as far back as the 1970s.
16:American DJ, rapper, and producer
3409:Wedge, Dave (October 16, 2016).
3325:Willis, Kiersten (May 9, 2016).
3269:Platon, Adele (April 13, 2016).
2282:Willis, Kiersten (May 9, 2016).
669:", a popular single produced by
269:, rapper, and producer from the
209:
3740:Beware (The Funk Is Everywhere)
3576:
3511:
3483:
3462:
3430:
3402:
3381:Josephs, Brian (June 1, 2016).
3374:
3346:
3318:
3262:
3234:
3206:
3166:
3148:
3118:
3100:
3022:
2938:
2912:
2892:
2790:
2694:
2662:
2617:
2602:
2587:
2528:
2481:
2455:
2394:
2369:
1712:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1637:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1581:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1554:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1530:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1224:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1166:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
1161:Beware (The Funk Is Everywhere)
1154:Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records
623:Afrika Bambaataa (left) in 2004
580:He was also the founder of the
307:due to multiple allegations of
3297:Kreps, Daniel (June 1, 2016).
2945:Orange, Karim (July 8, 2013).
2344:Knopper, Steve (May 5, 2011).
2337:
2306:
2275:
2099:
1781:"Is There Anybody Out There?"
1084:
1028:Child sexual abuse allegations
948:In 2004, he collaborated with
828:, titled The Light, featuring
614:
547:Adlai E. Stevenson High School
350:Bambaataa was a member of the
37:Afrika Bambaataa in April 2009
1:
3981:21st-century American rappers
3956:Sony Music Publishing artists
3911:African-American male rappers
3647:DJ Afrika Bambaataa Interview
3353:Ivey, Justin (May 31, 2016).
2799:"Afrika Bambaataa is hip-hop"
2797:Hyman, Eve (April 29, 2013).
2488:fink, robert (October 2005).
2058:
603:, their first recording with
314:
3991:People from Soundview, Bronx
3931:East Coast hip hop musicians
3806:Looking for the Perfect Beat
3651:NAMM Oral History Collection
2740:Lewis, John (July 4, 2008).
2075:Shapiro, Peter, ed. (2000).
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1821:
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1815:
1812:
1799:
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1790:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1708:
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1702:
1699:
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1682:
1679:
1676:
1656:
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1650:
1647:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1537:Looking for the Perfect Beat
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
745:Looking for the Perfect Beat
7:
3941:Entertainers from the Bronx
3552:"Afrika Bambaataa - Awards"
2770:"The Wire, Volumes 143-148"
2679:. Los Angeles, California:
2164:Bogdanov, Vladimir (2001).
2044:
1855:Profile/Arista/BMG Records
1260:Profile/Arista/BMG Records
1047:roles in the organization.
1034:Ronald "Bee-Stinger" Savage
10:
4007:
3926:American electro musicians
3857:Silver Screen Shower Scene
3657:Afrika Bambaataa Interview
3614:Afrika Bambaataa biography
3063:. Polystar. Archived from
2711:Cambridge University Press
1406:
1022:Cornell University Library
1000:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
3946:Tommy Boy Records artists
3843:
3790:
3770:
3722:
3680:Afrika Bambaataa Official
2988:. Holy Roller Productions
2920:"The Beat Box Bites Back"
2719:10.1017/S0261143005000553
2709:(3). Cambridge, England:
2506:10.1017/S0261143005000553
2037:
1924:
1879:
1806:
1607:
1558:
1507:
1368:
1326:
1301:
1278:
1228:
1143:
1089:
882:African National Congress
654:, The Jefferson, Negril,
379:
337:black liberation movement
158:
148:
126:
90:
75:
57:
47:
42:
30:
23:
1756:"Just Get up and Dance"
1457:"Zulu Nation Throwdown"
1387:Tommy Boy Entertainment
1377:Tommy Boy Entertainment
1364:Tommy Boy Entertainment
1081:him to other adult men.
909:Rage Against the Machine
899:" combining electro and
863:In 1990, Bambaataa made
627:In 1981, hip hop artist
517:Birth of the Zulu Nation
3951:Capitol Records artists
3589:Official Charts Company
3016:Star Time: Song by Song
2926:. Global Darkness. 1984
2836:Forman, Murray (2002).
2650:. pp. 16, 18, 57.
2642:George, Nelson (2005).
2401:Brewster, Bill (2000).
2321:Oxford University Press
806:Little Steven Van Zandt
497:and synthesizer player
493:"beat-box" by producer
3936:Rappers from the Bronx
3921:DJs from New York City
3754:The Decade of Darkness
3733:Planet Rock: The Album
2676:The Hollywood Reporter
2596:New Pittsburgh Courier
2537:"It's a Hip-Hop World"
2468:The Hollywood Reporter
2313:Iton, Richard (2006).
1950:Low Spirit Recordings
1331:Electro Funk Breakdown
1283:Electro Funk Breakdown
1206:The Decade of Darkness
1149:Planet Rock: The Album
624:
554:The Bronx River Houses
480:Yellow Magic Orchestra
43:Background information
3916:American male rappers
2354:. Chicago, Illinois:
2257:Universal Zulu Nation
1420:Peak chart positions
1293:Return to Planet Rock
1036:accused Bambaataa of
622:
414:, a.k.a. "Cowboy" of
390:Universal Zulu Nation
319:Born Lance Taylor to
305:Universal Zulu Nation
301:Universal Zulu Nation
3971:American hip hop DJs
3906:African-American DJs
3564:on November 22, 2012
3162:. December 26, 2007.
3136:on December 13, 2007
1697:"Bambaataa's Theme"
1667:"World Destruction"
1642:"Frantic Situation"
1502:Warner Bros. Records
1400:Paul Winley Records
958:which also featured
772:Shango Funk Theology
687:Trans-Europe Express
673:and the keyboardist
501:. That resulted in "
412:Robert Keith Wiggins
406:Trans-Europe Express
329:Bronx River Projects
3653:(November 12, 2012)
3220:New York Daily News
3067:on December 6, 1998
2967:Cold Crush Brothers
2807:. London, England:
2681:Eldridge Industries
2376:Katz, Mark (2012).
2319:. Oxford, England:
2139:Oxford Music Online
1195:EMI America Records
1175:Death Mix Throwdown
1117:Paul Winley Records
1011:Covington, Kentucky
988:character roles on
915:" for their album,
884:(ANC), in honor of
605:Paul Winley Records
466:a test cassette of
3772:Compilation albums
3332:Atlanta Black Star
3094:Officialcharts.com
3037:. KMEL Beat Report
2778:. 1996. p. 21
2356:Tribune Publishing
2288:Atlanta Black Star
2249:"Afrika Bambaataa"
2107:"Afrika Bambaataa"
1689:Celluloid Records
1482:"Jazzy Sensation"
1018:Cornell University
978:Some Thing Came Up
932:Rhythm and Stealth
911:covered his song "
755:at Jean Karakos's
625:
309:child sexual abuse
265:), is an American
3961:Hip hop activists
3878:
3877:
3813:Renegades of Funk
3114:on July 13, 2011.
3061:EurodanceHits.com
2905:The Village Voice
2880:on April 22, 2018
2853:978-0-8195-6397-2
2750:. London, England
2646:. New York City:
2626:The Village Voice
2580:978-0-465-00909-1
2451:. pp. 58–65.
2387:978-0-19-533112-7
2330:978-0-19-972083-5
2234:978-0-312-42579-1
2181:978-0-87930-628-1
2092:978-1-891024-06-1
2042:
2041:
2021:
1988:
1935:
1906:
1810:"Zulu War Chant"
1788:
1731:
1674:
1645:
1622:
1602:Celluloid Records
1564:Renegades of Funk
1404:
1403:
1054:In October 2016,
913:Renegades of Funk
757:Celluloid Records
749:Renegades of Funk
716:, Zulu Nation DJ
652:Peppermint Lounge
195:
194:
3998:
3716:Afrika Bambaataa
3709:
3702:
3695:
3686:
3685:
3666:Afrika Bambaataa
3638:Afrika Bambaataa
3629:Afrika Bambaataa
3620:Afrika Bambaataa
3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3560:. Archived from
3548:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3466:
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3170:
3164:
3163:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3130:Future Rock Hall
3122:
3116:
3115:
3110:. Archived from
3104:
3098:
3097:
3086:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
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2971:
2962:
2960:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2908:. New York City.
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2876:. Archived from
2864:
2858:
2857:
2833:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2766:
2760:
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2757:
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2731:
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2698:
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2689:
2687:
2666:
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2639:
2630:
2629:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2611:East Village Eye
2606:
2600:
2599:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2568:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2532:
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2427:
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2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2290:. Archived from
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2259:. Archived from
2245:
2239:
2238:
2211:
2186:
2185:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2145:on March 9, 2014
2141:. Archived from
2131:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2072:
2015:
1982:
1929:
1904:
1903:"Feel the Vibe"
1782:
1725:
1668:
1661:Atlantic Records
1643:
1616:
1411:
1410:
1094:
1093:
907:genre. In 2000,
880:in 1990 for the
747:", then later, "
722:Rock Steady Crew
683:electronic music
539:Disco King Mario
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
205:Afrika Bambaataa
151:
71:
67:
65:
50:
35:
25:Afrika Bambaataa
21:
20:
4006:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3874:
3863:Soulsonic Force
3839:
3786:
3766:
3718:
3713:
3622:discography at
3610:
3605:
3604:
3594:
3592:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3567:
3565:
3550:
3549:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3525:The Daily Beast
3516:
3512:
3502:
3500:
3488:
3484:
3467:
3463:
3453:
3451:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3421:
3419:
3407:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3351:
3347:
3337:
3335:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3279:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3251:
3239:
3235:
3225:
3223:
3211:
3207:
3199:
3195:
3185:
3183:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3088:
3087:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3057:"Electro House"
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3038:
3027:
3023:
3012:
3005:
2991:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2958:
2956:
2955:. New York City
2952:Huffington Post
2943:
2939:
2929:
2927:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2881:
2866:
2865:
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2854:
2834:
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2795:
2791:
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2779:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2753:
2751:
2738:
2734:
2699:
2695:
2685:
2683:
2667:
2663:
2644:Hip Hop America
2640:
2633:
2622:
2618:
2607:
2603:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2559:
2555:
2545:
2543:
2533:
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2486:
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2472:
2470:
2460:
2456:
2443:
2430:
2415:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2351:Chicago Tribune
2342:
2338:
2331:
2323:. p. 250.
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2263:on July 7, 2013
2247:
2246:
2242:
2235:
2212:
2189:
2182:
2162:
2158:
2148:
2146:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2115:
2113:
2111:rockarchive.com
2105:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2073:
2066:
2061:
2047:
1860:"Feeling Irie"
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1409:
1246:Lost Generation
1235:(Khayan album)
1092:
1087:
1030:
874:Wembley Stadium
826:Capitol Records
718:Grand Mixer DXT
679:Soulsonic Force
644:Malcolm McLaren
629:Fab Five Freddy
617:
582:Soulsonic Force
531:hip hop culture
519:
453:Soulsonic Force
382:
317:
235:
212:
208:
198:
191:
149:
144:
122:
69:
63:
61:
48:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3672:
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3654:
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3617:
3609:
3608:External links
3606:
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2553:
2541:Foreign Policy
2527:
2500:(3): 339–356.
2480:
2454:
2448:Foreign Policy
2428:
2413:
2393:
2386:
2368:
2336:
2329:
2305:
2294:on May 4, 2019
2274:
2253:zulunation.com
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1328:
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1310:Strictly Hype
1308:
1306:Hydraulic Funk
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890:Winnie Mandela
886:Nelson Mandela
846:Bootsy Collins
842:George Clinton
650:, then to the
616:
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518:
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424:Michael Holman
381:
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197:Musical artist
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3966:Living people
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3503:September 10,
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3304:Rolling Stone
3300:
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3265:
3250:
3249:
3248:Vibe Magazine
3244:
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3209:
3202:
3197:
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3180:
3179:Rolling Stone
3175:
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3140:September 28,
3135:
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2924:Face Magazine
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2900:Hager, Steven
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2703:Popular Music
2697:
2682:
2678:
2677:
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2665:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2648:Penguin Books
2645:
2638:
2636:
2628:. p. 69.
2627:
2620:
2613:. p. 22.
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2494:Popular Music
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2414:0-8021-3688-5
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1986:
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1954:
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1905:(with Khayan)
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1396:Death Mix "2"
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1383:Metal Remixes
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1297:Berger Music
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1062:investigative
1060:published an
1059:
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1043:Rolling Stone
1039:
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928:
925:on the song "
924:
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919:
914:
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905:electro house
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587:
583:
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568:
567:break dancers
564:
563:
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544:
543:block parties
540:
536:
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528:
524:
514:
512:
508:
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492:
491:Roland TR-808
488:
483:
481:
477:
473:
472:Fairlight CMI
469:
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461:
456:
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450:
445:
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439:French rapper
436:
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111:
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106:
104:
103:electro house
101:
99:
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93:
89:
85:
84:New York City
81:
78:
74:
70:(age 67)
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3867:
3851:DJ Jazzy Jay
3779:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3715:
3661:Elementality
3660:
3616:at hiphop.sh
3593:. Retrieved
3587:
3578:
3566:. Retrieved
3562:the original
3555:
3529:. Retrieved
3523:
3513:
3501:. Retrieved
3497:The Guardian
3495:
3485:
3474:
3464:
3452:. Retrieved
3441:
3432:
3422:December 14,
3420:. Retrieved
3414:
3404:
3394:December 14,
3392:. Retrieved
3386:
3376:
3366:December 14,
3364:. Retrieved
3358:
3348:
3336:. Retrieved
3330:
3320:
3308:. Retrieved
3302:
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3274:
3264:
3252:. Retrieved
3246:
3236:
3224:. Retrieved
3218:
3208:
3196:
3186:December 14,
3184:. Retrieved
3177:
3168:
3160:Jambands.com
3159:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3134:the original
3129:
3120:
3112:the original
3102:
3093:
3069:. Retrieved
3065:the original
3060:
3051:
3039:. Retrieved
3034:
3024:
3015:
2997:
2990:. Retrieved
2964:
2957:. Retrieved
2950:
2940:
2928:. Retrieved
2923:
2914:
2903:
2894:
2882:. Retrieved
2878:the original
2871:
2862:
2838:
2814:December 14,
2812:. Retrieved
2802:
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2773:
2764:
2752:. Retrieved
2747:The Guardian
2745:
2735:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2686:December 14,
2684:. Retrieved
2674:
2664:
2643:
2625:
2619:
2610:
2604:
2595:
2589:
2564:
2556:
2544:. Retrieved
2540:
2530:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2471:. Retrieved
2467:
2457:
2446:
2403:
2396:
2377:
2371:
2359:. Retrieved
2349:
2339:
2315:
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2292:the original
2287:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2261:the original
2252:
2243:
2218:
2166:
2159:
2149:September 7,
2147:. Retrieved
2143:the original
2138:
2116:December 14,
2114:. Retrieved
2110:
2101:
2077:
2051:
1883:"Pupunanny"
1586:"Wildstyle"
1395:
1382:
1372:
1357:
1341:
1330:
1315:
1305:
1292:
1282:
1268:
1255:
1245:
1232:
1219:
1211:EMI Records
1204:
1187:
1174:
1159:
1147:
1126:
1111:
1075:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1031:
1015:
1003:
996:
989:
977:
969:Walk with Me
967:
953:
947:
940:
930:
916:
894:
871:
864:
862:
858:
830:Nona Hendryx
799:
793:
778:
776:
771:
753:Bill Laswell
742:
726:Fab 5 Freddy
707:
703:electro funk
671:Arthur Baker
664:
626:
609:
600:
598:
586:DJ Jazzy Jay
579:
560:
558:
551:
537:, and after
520:
495:Arthur Baker
484:
457:
446:
432:
428:Steven Hager
410:
398:
394:
383:
362:
356:
352:Black Spades
349:
318:
297:Black Spades
294:
204:
201:Lance Taylor
200:
199:
150:Years active
118:electro-funk
53:Lance Taylor
18:
3891:1957 births
3834:Afrika Shox
3799:Planet Rock
3624:MusicBrainz
3595:January 28,
3310:December 9,
3041:October 23,
2713:: 339–356.
2546:December 9,
2473:December 9,
2361:October 23,
2215:Chang, Jeff
2012:Planet Rock
1979:Afrika Shox
1834:BMG Records
1619:James Brown
1513:Planet Rock
1269:Zulu Groove
1085:Discography
1067:Bronx River
1006:James Brown
942:Vanilla Sky
937:Afrika Shox
927:Afrika Shox
901:house music
897:Planet Rock
810:Joey Ramone
785:James Brown
780:Beat Street
765:punk rocker
734:Futura 2000
699:Captain Sky
667:Planet Rock
648:Bow Wow Wow
615:Recognition
511:electronica
507:turntablism
503:Planet Rock
271:South Bronx
188:Planet Rock
127:Occupations
3885:Categories
3670:WhoSampled
3531:October 6,
3035:daveyd.com
2930:August 10,
2884:August 25,
2656:B001R9DHYE
2298:January 5,
2059:References
1671:John Lydon
1435:US R&B
1079:trafficked
986:voice-over
960:Gary Numan
838:Boy George
814:Run–D.M.C.
787:, titled "
768:John Lydon
714:Rammellzee
675:John Robie
656:Danceteria
590:Jazzy Five
499:John Robie
487:electronic
476:electropop
331:, with an
315:Early life
108:electronic
64:1957-04-17
49:Birth name
3747:The Light
3675:Instagram
3454:March 12,
3276:Billboard
2809:DMG Media
2727:162937679
2522:162937679
2514:0261-1430
2267:August 8,
1985:Leftfield
1785:Bassheads
1498:Tommy Boy
1321:Avex Trax
1239:ZYX Music
1189:The Light
1134:Manhattan
1112:Death Mix
1071:Melle Mel
1038:molesting
991:Kung Faux
982:Bassheads
976:'s album
966:'s album
923:Leftfield
918:Renegades
850:Yellowman
796:apartheid
761:Time Zone
695:Babe Ruth
646:'s group
640:Mudd Club
633:Manhattan
601:Death Mix
460:Kraftwerk
442:MC Solaar
402:Kraftwerk
386:Kool Herc
374:Bhambatha
325:Barbadian
287:breakbeat
166:Tommy Boy
154:1977–2013
113:breakbeat
80:The Bronx
3869:Sun City
3827:Reckless
3633:AllMusic
3568:March 5,
3557:AllMusic
3448:Archived
2775:The Wire
2423:43445660
2217:(2005).
2045:See also
1722:Reckless
1441:US Dance
1179:Blatant
1128:Sun City
818:Lou Reed
801:Sun City
710:graffiti
658:and the
636:new wave
527:graffiti
464:The Roxy
333:activist
321:Jamaican
275:New York
138:producer
3844:Related
3443:YouTube
3338:May 15,
3282:May 15,
3254:May 15,
3226:May 15,
3071:June 5,
2992:July 9,
2959:July 9,
2873:YouTube
2868:"Video"
2782:May 25,
2754:May 25,
1932:WestBam
1826:Profile
1407:Singles
1250:Hottie
964:Jamelia
950:WestBam
854:Atlanta
730:PHASE 2
712:artist
691:Numbers
575:b-girls
468:EBN-OZN
449:Jazzy 5
283:hip hop
279:electro
181:Capitol
98:Hip hop
2850:
2725:
2654:
2577:
2520:
2512:
2421:
2411:
2384:
2327:
2231:
2178:
2089:
2016:(with
1983:(with
1930:(with
1830:Arista
1783:(with
1726:(with
1669:(with
1617:(with
1429:US Pop
1423:Label
1417:Title
1233:Jazzin
1103:Label
1100:Album
1090:Albums
878:London
848:, and
798:album
736:, and
594:Raheim
571:b-boys
535:DJ Dee
523:B-boys
478:group
380:Career
359:Africa
176:Winley
159:Labels
141:rapper
91:Genres
86:, U.S.
76:Origin
3820:Unity
3791:Songs
3476:Slate
2999:tour.
2804:Metro
2723:S2CID
2518:S2CID
2007:2001
1974:1999
1925:1998
1880:1994
1807:1993
1778:1991
1753:1990
1717:1988
1694:1986
1613:Unity
1608:1984
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