12772:
47:
875:, looked at how often a federal circuit court was reversed for every thousand cases it terminated on the merits between 1994 and 2015. The study found that the Ninth Circuit's decisions were reversed at a rate of 2.50 cases per thousand, which was by far the highest rate in the country, with the Sixth Circuit second as 1.73 cases per thousand. Fitzpatrick also noted that the 9th Circuit was unanimously reversed more than three times as often as the least reversed circuits and over 20% more often than the next closest circuit.
6219:
date, then by age. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. If no judge qualifies to be chief, the youngest judge over the age of 65 who has served on the court for at least one year shall act as chief until another judge qualifies. If no judge has served on the court for more than a year, the most senior judge shall act as chief. Judges can forfeit or resign their chief judgeship or acting chief judgeship while retaining their active status as a circuit judge.
465:
56:
805:
915:
courts are composed of all active circuit judges, plus (depending on the rules of the particular court) any senior judges who took part in the original panel decision. By contrast, in the Ninth
Circuit it is impractical for 29 or more judges to take part in a single oral argument and deliberate on a
859:
From 1999 to 2008, of the Ninth
Circuit Court rulings that were reviewed by the Supreme Court, 20% were affirmed, 19% were vacated, and 61% were reversed; the median reversal rate for all federal appellate courts was 68.29% for the same period. From 2010 to 2015, of the cases it accepted to review,
884:
6218:
To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge. A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges, with seniority determined first by commission
423:
Panels of the court occasionally travel to hear cases in other locations within the circuit. Although the judges travel around the circuit, the court arranges its hearings so that cases from the northern region of the circuit are heard in
Seattle or Portland, cases from southern California and
8363:
President
Coolidge first nominated Wilbur for the judgeship in the final days of his presidency, but the Senate failed to act on it before the 70tb Congress ended on March 3, 1929. Hoover then resubmitted the nomination to the Senate in the 71st Congress, which approved
863:
Some argue the court's high percentage of reversals is illusory, resulting from the circuit hearing more cases than the other circuits. This results in the
Supreme Court reviewing a smaller proportion of its cases, letting stand the vast majority of its cases.
995:
The more recent proposals have aimed to redefine the Ninth
Circuit to cover California, Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and to create a new Twelfth Circuit to cover Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
924:
reviews may not actually reflect the views of the majority of the court and indeed may not include any of the three judges involved in the decision being reviewed in the first place. The result, according to detractors, is a high risk of
8293:
The population of China is not included in the chart for 1912 or 1940, since the Court for China lacked plenary jurisdiction over China's domestic population, then numbering about 430 million people; the court exercised only
860:
the
Supreme Court reversed around 79% of the cases from the Ninth Circuit, ranking its reversal rate third among the circuits; the median reversal rate for all federal circuits for the same time period was around 70 percent.
834:
Circuit." Judges from more remote parts of the circuit note the contrast between legal issues confronted by populous states such as
California and those confronted by rural states such as Alaska, Idaho, Montana, and Nevada.
846:, wrote in a letter in 1998: "Much federal law is not national in scope....It is easy to make a mistake construing these laws when unfamiliar with them, as we often are, or not interpreting them regularly, as we never do."
8935:
444:. For lawyers who must come and present their cases to the court in person, this administrative grouping of cases helps to reduce the time and cost of travel. Ninth Circuit judges are also appointed by the
897:
Many commentators have argued that the Ninth
Circuit faces several adverse consequences of its large size, such as "unwieldly size, procedural inefficiencies, jurisprudential unpredictability, and unusual
207:
6214:
justice responsible for the circuit) is also on the panel. Unlike the
Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the circuit judges.
982:
Ninth Circuit Judgeship and Reorganization Act of 2004, S. 878 (reintroduced as the Ninth Circuit Judgeship and Reorganization Act of 2005, H.R. 211, and co-sponsored by House Majority Leader Tom DeLay)
12003:
392:, the Ninth Circuit is by far the largest of the 13 U.S. Courts of Appeals, covering a total of nine states and two territories and with 29 active judgeships. The court's regular meeting places are
6226:, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.
13310:
13306:
13162:
13154:
8591:
782:
was never under the Ninth Circuit's jurisdiction. Congress never created a federal district court in the Philippines from which the Ninth Circuit could hear appeals. Instead, appeals from the
13158:
13213:
13205:
13087:
13083:
13209:
12917:
12913:
12326:
12258:
11587:
11502:
8264:
328:
323:
162:
157:
13299:
13295:
12909:
12905:
12845:
12602:
12559:
12210:
12137:
11890:
11855:
11457:
11304:
11181:
10909:
363:
358:
318:
313:
197:
192:
152:
147:
13321:
13317:
13248:
13240:
13189:
13143:
13139:
13045:
13037:
12992:
12988:
8979:"Wilbur Nominated for Judge Post", Woodland Daily Democrat, March 1, 1929 at p. 1 (noting, as the Coolidge Administration ended, that Coolidge nominated Wilbur for the new judgeship).
744:. As new states and territories were added to the federal judicial hierarchy in the twentieth century, many of those in the West were placed in the Ninth Circuit: the newly acquired
13422:
13288:
13284:
13244:
13193:
13185:
13147:
13135:
13098:
13094:
13071:
13067:
13041:
13030:
13026:
13003:
12999:
12984:
12967:
12963:
12952:
12948:
12898:
12894:
12877:
12873:
929:
conflicts of law where different groupings of judges end up delivering contradictory opinions. That is said to cause uncertainty in the district courts and within the bar. However,
9121:
8352:
13363:
13263:
13259:
13229:
12959:
12944:
12869:
13267:
13255:
13178:
13174:
13119:
13061:
13014:
13010:
11996:
13629:
13488:
13234:
13224:
13168:
8932:
13219:
12928:
13556:
13129:
13124:
13077:
13455:
13109:
13056:
12938:
12933:
12923:
11989:
3847:
3800:
3753:
3706:
3659:
3612:
3565:
66:
13561:
13417:
13412:
13348:
13327:
13278:
13104:
12888:
12450:
12059:
11730:
11224:
4364:
4317:
4270:
4223:
4176:
4129:
4082:
4035:
3988:
343:
308:
177:
142:
6210:
Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their circuits, and preside over any panel on which they serve, unless the circuit justice (the
13577:
13459:
13199:
13114:
13020:
12973:
12883:
12840:
12511:
12473:
12394:
12021:
11810:
11760:
11662:
11199:
11174:
10767:
353:
348:
333:
303:
187:
182:
167:
137:
13051:
12978:
12850:
12820:
12729:
12427:
11705:
11026:
10079:
338:
172:
8581:
13358:
13273:
12825:
12805:
12795:
12759:
10196:
9588:
9254:
8486:
5966:
5919:
4599:
4552:
4505:
3330:
3151:
3104:
2409:
2372:
202:
12835:
12815:
12810:
12800:
12790:
10615:
9887:
9720:
9426:
9157:
9114:
3245:
3198:
3053:
4458:
4411:
3941:
3894:
3424:
3377:
812:
The cultural and political jurisdiction of the Ninth Circuit is just as varied as the land within its geographical borders. In a dissenting opinion in a
11167:
8336:. Aside from their duties on the Commerce Court, the judges of the Commerce Court also acted as at-large appellate judges, able to be assigned by the
6222:
When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known as
3518:
3471:
2927:
2890:
2853:
2816:
1299:
1262:
1225:
112:
8563:
8439:, 49 F.2d 862 (9th Cir. 1931). As the court noted, this bizarre insurance claim dispute arose directly from the "perplexing" civil war during China's
13704:
13699:
9095:
Disposition of Supreme Court decisions on certiorari or appeal from state and territory supreme courts, and from federal courts of appeals, 1950–2006
5872:
5825:
5778:
5731:
5684:
5637:
5590:
5549:
4871:
4826:
4787:
4740:
4693:
4646:
2335:
2298:
2150:
940:
All recently proposed splits would leave at least one circuit with 21 judges, only two fewer than the 23 that the Ninth Circuit had when the limited
6060:
6013:
5502:
5455:
5408:
5361:
5314:
5273:
5232:
5191:
5144:
5103:
5062:
5015:
2964:
2779:
2742:
2705:
2668:
2631:
2594:
2557:
2520:
2483:
2446:
2261:
2224:
2187:
1817:
1780:
1743:
1706:
1669:
1632:
1595:
1558:
1521:
1484:
1447:
1410:
1373:
1336:
1188:
1151:
1114:
1077:
409:
13427:
13386:
12688:
11960:
9107:
4968:
4918:
397:
378:
88:
9049:
2113:
2076:
2039:
2002:
1965:
1928:
1891:
1854:
13407:
9140:
8269:
761:
9089:
13353:
8891:
966:
Congressional officials, legislative commissions, and interest groups have all submitted proposals to divide the Ninth Circuit such as:
13343:
12722:
8954:
S. 525—110th Congress (2007): Circuit Court of Appeals Restructuring and Modernization Act of 2007 (database of federal legislation):
8623:
417:
13608:
8722:
8799:
13495:
445:
296:
12738:
12715:
818:
9084:
13391:
8611:
58 Ohio St. L.J. 1465 (1997) (noting that, in 1996, the Supreme Court let stand 99.7 percent of the Ninth Circuit's cases).
720:
created the Ninth Circuit in 1891. The court was originally granted appellate jurisdiction over federal district courts in
8443:, in which various groups of military officers claimed to be the representatives of the Republic's legitimate government.
17:
8660:
12749:
9001:
8337:
6237:
The court has 29 seats for active judges, numbered in the order in which they were initially filled. Judges who assume
6211:
4927:
960:
787:
944:
procedure was first adopted. In other words, after a split at least one of the circuits would still be using limited
8690:
8466:
8420:
8992:, 1929-03-04, Section D, p. 1 (noting that the Wilbur nomination was not acted upon before the 70th Congress ended).
783:
13373:
12782:
12754:
9131:
9033:
9025:
9017:
370:
284:
13437:
11981:
11159:
6242:
13659:
13432:
8295:
798:
772:
13463:
12860:
11562:
11434:
8532:
8329:
449:
436:, and the Pacific territories are heard in San Francisco. Additionally, the court holds yearly sittings in
292:
11399:
9148:
8829:
8308:
2999:
1036:
831:
243:
8923:
Final Report, Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals, December 18, 1998
8518:
13639:
13634:
13512:
12238:
11969:
6241:
enter a kind of retirement in which they remain on the bench but vacate their seats, thus allowing the
3264:
794:
13674:
13669:
13664:
13603:
11949:
10789:
10015:
9655:
6581:
4336:
1836:
389:
385:, which has no district court and partially relies on the District of Hawaii for its federal cases.
12610:
12572:
12349:
11632:
9929:
9696:
9498:
9387:
8543:
8340:
to whichever circuit most needed help. Hunt was assigned to the Ninth Circuit upon his commission.
6422:
4195:
614:
8942:, United States Senate: Committee on the Judiciary, October 26, 2005; retrieved November 19, 2007.
959:
testified before a House Appropriations subcommittee that the consensus among the justices of the
13551:
13525:
12524:
12271:
12233:
12150:
11552:
11439:
10511:
10126:
10020:
9610:
9478:
8768:
8763:
8718:
7493:
7205:
7111:
6855:
6787:
6325:
6117:
6097:
5119:
4148:
4007:
3725:
3537:
2761:
2275:
9099:
933:
review is a relatively rare occurrence in all circuits and Ninth Circuit rules provide for full
13689:
13481:
13381:
12670:
12417:
12223:
12190:
11940:
11522:
11414:
11329:
10890:
10860:
10753:
10703:
10182:
10172:
10030:
9539:
9529:
9179:
8787:
6949:
6800:
6542:
6435:
6409:
6087:
4843:
4477:
4289:
3584:
3490:
1244:
1207:
374:
288:
8899:
8328:
Hunt did not have a permanent seat on this court. Instead, he was appointed to the ill-fated
712:
The Ninth Circuit's large size is due to the dramatic increases in both the population of the
13679:
13530:
13454:
does not have a district court or federal territorial court; federal matters there go to the
12771:
12567:
11602:
11394:
11359:
11319:
11134:
11093:
10865:
10733:
10708:
10501:
10304:
9919:
9858:
9817:
9757:
9701:
9660:
9645:
9524:
8490:
8316:
7878:
7056:
7030:
6936:
6881:
6448:
6389:
6266:
6257:
6157:
5427:
4987:
4524:
3960:
3772:
2201:
891:
872:
713:
8689:
8622:
8454:
13654:
13520:
12379:
12170:
12155:
12097:
11739:
11647:
11607:
11477:
11129:
11124:
11114:
11088:
10870:
10783:
10531:
10460:
10350:
10284:
9843:
9777:
9670:
9650:
9270:
9240:
8656:
8604:
8259:
8030:
7643:
7561:
7137:
6733:
6529:
6396:
5565:
5078:
3396:
3123:
2687:
2465:
2423:
2354:
2206:
1984:
1979:
1947:
1614:
1429:
1355:
1281:
1165:
1096:
973:
Final Report of the Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals
868:
117:
11374:
9331:
8955:
8951:
8737:
8624:"U.S. Supreme Court again rejects most decisions by the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals"
448:
to serve as temporary acting Associate Justices for non-federal appellate sessions at the
8:
12645:
12630:
12625:
12592:
12339:
12301:
12248:
12165:
12145:
11790:
11745:
11677:
11622:
11537:
11344:
11007:
10997:
10855:
10814:
10713:
10682:
10657:
10652:
10561:
10556:
10521:
10491:
10425:
10045:
10025:
9873:
9833:
9792:
9772:
9762:
9604:
9326:
9281:
8333:
7781:
7629:
7247:
7219:
7069:
7043:
6461:
6147:
4618:
4242:
2645:
2608:
2349:
2127:
1720:
839:
753:
745:
534:
13473:
11259:
9853:
9377:
9074:
opinions, court-specific rules of appellate procedure, and general operating procedures.
8967:
8862:
8800:"Statement of Circuit Judge Alex Kozinski to the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts"
13684:
13649:
12620:
12615:
12549:
12501:
12481:
12316:
12276:
12102:
12067:
12049:
12034:
11930:
11819:
11785:
11692:
11642:
11379:
11369:
11294:
11284:
11274:
11073:
10966:
10931:
10880:
10799:
10677:
10647:
10576:
10546:
10536:
10450:
10430:
10385:
10365:
10340:
10146:
10111:
10106:
10010:
10005:
9964:
9909:
9797:
9691:
9544:
9493:
9468:
9357:
9352:
9296:
8933:
Testimony of Circuit Judge Richard Tallman: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
8803:
8582:"No, the 9th Circuit isn't the 'most overturned court in the country,' as Hannity says"
8493:
8349:
8209:
8182:
8154:
8002:
7975:
7768:
7684:
7574:
7396:
7370:
7179:
7083:
6719:
6594:
6365:
6338:
6107:
5750:
5656:
5609:
5529:
5289:
5171:
5083:
4940:
4712:
4626:
4571:
4156:
3913:
3827:
3545:
3310:
2756:
2534:
2460:
2095:
1905:
1757:
1503:
1424:
1276:
1091:
905:
Chief among these is the Ninth Circuit's unique rules concerning the composition of an
813:
741:
515:
405:
100:
46:
6265:
Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the
920:
review by the Chief Judge and a panel of 10 randomly selected judges. This means that
13644:
12640:
12544:
12529:
12412:
12384:
12344:
12281:
12266:
12112:
12092:
12029:
11800:
11720:
11714:
11687:
11482:
11404:
11349:
11244:
11208:
11053:
11042:
11002:
10951:
10946:
10834:
10748:
10738:
10662:
10642:
10601:
10496:
10470:
10410:
10375:
10355:
10263:
10248:
10101:
10040:
9974:
9924:
9747:
9736:
9640:
9635:
9620:
9574:
9463:
9397:
9235:
9215:
8825:
8629:
8555:
8547:
8462:
8416:
8238:
8140:
8127:
7933:
7905:
7795:
7740:
7451:
7438:
6680:
6503:
6351:
6299:
6167:
6127:
5985:
5797:
5474:
4383:
3866:
3217:
3170:
2941:
2502:
2391:
2164:
2058:
2053:
1609:
1350:
1318:
1202:
890:, when appointed (Nov. 2000) Chief Judge of the Ninth Circuit, with her predecessor,
887:
843:
11424:
7671:
5207:
13694:
13598:
13535:
13504:
12660:
12635:
12577:
12519:
12458:
12407:
12359:
12228:
12218:
12180:
12122:
12072:
11925:
11825:
11780:
11750:
11617:
11487:
11354:
11339:
11289:
11264:
11098:
11012:
10992:
10961:
10941:
10936:
10794:
10743:
10687:
10541:
10526:
10516:
10435:
10299:
10228:
10162:
9995:
9767:
9615:
9564:
9554:
9442:
9286:
8413:
Rugged justice: the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and the American West, 1891–1941
8319:
reassigned his seat to what is now the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
8312:
7891:
7328:
7260:
7192:
6975:
6908:
6813:
6667:
6607:
6516:
6187:
5938:
5891:
5521:
5380:
3443:
3349:
3060:
2946:
2909:
2576:
2539:
2497:
2428:
2386:
2312:
2280:
2243:
2169:
2021:
1873:
1794:
1725:
1577:
1059:
401:
105:
9184:
8661:"Written Testimony at Hearing on Oversight of the Structure of the Federal Courts"
6657:
Established as a temporary judgeship on March 1, 1929, by 45 Stat. 1414
979:
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Judgeship and Reorganization Act of 2003, H.R. 2723
12655:
12440:
12402:
12364:
12354:
12334:
12185:
12087:
12077:
12044:
12039:
11920:
11899:
11864:
11835:
11612:
11547:
11511:
11492:
11429:
11384:
11324:
11078:
11068:
10971:
10895:
10581:
10551:
10455:
10405:
10390:
10370:
10345:
10334:
10294:
10279:
10253:
10212:
10141:
10055:
10035:
9949:
9868:
9863:
9848:
9752:
9665:
9569:
9559:
9488:
9473:
9453:
9412:
9402:
9372:
9367:
9291:
9189:
9173:
9071:
8989:
8939:
8057:
8043:
7726:
7519:
7410:
7342:
7274:
7151:
6988:
6962:
6568:
6555:
6475:
6312:
6198:
6032:
5248:
4890:
4054:
3631:
3302:
2793:
2571:
1942:
1572:
1461:
1313:
1128:
1054:
991:
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Judgeship and Reorganization Act of 2017, H.R. 196
956:
952:
830:
sardonically noted that "or better or worse, we are the Court of Appeals for the
793:
In 1979, the Ninth Circuit became the first federal judicial circuit to set up a
248:
12011:
11189:
9094:
9005:
13451:
12707:
12696:
12582:
12496:
12374:
12311:
12291:
12200:
12175:
12160:
11910:
11870:
11830:
11775:
11671:
11637:
11567:
11557:
11542:
11466:
11409:
11389:
11334:
11269:
11254:
11239:
11233:
11083:
11058:
11048:
10925:
10875:
10824:
10672:
10596:
10415:
10400:
10395:
10238:
10223:
10218:
10095:
10060:
10050:
9959:
9903:
9838:
9807:
9706:
9630:
9549:
9503:
9448:
9382:
9301:
9276:
9220:
9194:
8696:
7947:
7823:
7588:
7315:
6868:
6693:
6634:
6620:
6286:
6273:
6137:
5333:
4803:
4430:
4101:
3076:
3025:
2904:
1646:
1535:
1498:
382:
9316:
13623:
12587:
12539:
12486:
12463:
12369:
12306:
12296:
12286:
12127:
12107:
12082:
11840:
11517:
11472:
11279:
11249:
11119:
10885:
10829:
10804:
10728:
10718:
10631:
10571:
10506:
10465:
10445:
10380:
10289:
10243:
10121:
10000:
9979:
9802:
9675:
9625:
9458:
9362:
9347:
9321:
9311:
9306:
8551:
8195:
8085:
7616:
7533:
7465:
7383:
7302:
6827:
6761:
6238:
6223:
6177:
5703:
5163:
4665:
3678:
3004:
2872:
2724:
2719:
2650:
2238:
2016:
1910:
1868:
1688:
1387:
1041:
985:
Circuit Court of Appeals Restructuring and Modernization Act of 2005, S. 1845
827:
717:
276:
71:
8389:
988:
Circuit Court of Appeals Restructuring and Modernization Act of 2007, S. 525
12650:
12435:
12195:
12117:
11915:
11627:
11532:
11527:
11364:
11144:
11139:
11063:
10809:
10667:
10637:
10566:
10420:
10233:
10177:
10065:
9969:
9954:
9939:
9914:
9812:
9534:
9230:
9225:
8099:
7836:
7506:
6706:
5844:
4759:
2682:
2317:
1799:
1683:
963:
was that the Ninth Circuit was too large and unwieldy and should be split.
767:
The Ninth Circuit also had jurisdiction over certain American interests in
413:
12491:
12243:
11596:
11577:
11572:
10976:
10839:
10819:
10723:
10475:
10360:
10258:
10136:
10131:
10116:
9944:
9934:
9787:
9782:
9742:
9392:
9199:
8440:
7698:
7124:
7002:
5034:
2090:
1239:
823:
779:
236:
9079:
8533:"Supreme Court Reversal Rates: Evaluating the Federal Courts of Appeals"
11875:
11795:
11769:
11682:
11419:
10591:
10167:
9483:
9407:
9029:
9021:
8691:"Does the Ninth Circuit Have the Highest Reversal Rate in the Country?"
8609:
The Ninth Circuit—Most Maligned Circuit in the Country Fact or Fiction?
8586:
7988:
6774:
6040:
5993:
5899:
5805:
5758:
5711:
5617:
5570:
5482:
5435:
5341:
5294:
5253:
5212:
4898:
4851:
4808:
4579:
4532:
4485:
4438:
4391:
4250:
4203:
4109:
3968:
3819:
3733:
3592:
3451:
3225:
3178:
3084:
3033:
2867:
721:
495:
9037:
8392:(Report). United States Government Accountability Office. GAO-08-1124T
12534:
11313:
10956:
10586:
6894:
2835:
2830:
2613:
2132:
1762:
1651:
1392:
1170:
716:
and the court's geographic jurisdiction that have occurred since the
464:
437:
976:
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals of Reorganization Act of 2003, S. 562
970:
Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals Reorganization Act of 1993, H.R. 3654
883:
11905:
10440:
8459:
The American Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives
7850:
2798:
1831:
1466:
808:
The Richard H. Chambers U.S. Court of Appeals, Pasadena, California
804:
453:
441:
8559:
55:
9129:
8830:"A Court United: A Statement of a Number of Ninth Circuit Judges"
8802:. U.S. House of Representatives. October 21, 2003. Archived from
8508:, 989 F.2d 1512, 1521 (9th Cir. 1993) (Kozinski, J., dissenting).
8390:
American Samoa: Issues Associated with Some Federal Court Options
5042:
4720:
4015:
3921:
3639:
3498:
3272:
1540:
1133:
907:
749:
729:
554:
503:
425:
393:
381:. Additionally, it sometimes handles appeals that originate from
93:
9065:
8868:
8298:
over the relatively small number of American citizens in China.
5852:
5664:
5388:
5124:
4995:
4767:
4673:
4297:
4062:
3874:
3686:
3357:
3131:
737:
733:
590:
511:
507:
433:
429:
256:
8232:
Established on January 21, 2009, by 121 Stat. 2543
5946:
4948:
4344:
3780:
3404:
768:
725:
499:
8788:
http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/uploads/rules/frap.pdf
7928:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7873:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7818:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7763:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7721:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7666:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7611:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7556:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7488:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7433:
Established on October 20, 1978, by 92 Stat. 1629
7106:
Established on February 10, 1954, by 68 Stat. 871
7025:
Established on February 10, 1954, by 68 Stat. 871
6498:
Established on February 18, 1895, by 28 Stat. 665
4333:
6662:
Made permanent on June 16, 1933, by 48 Stat. 310
4192:
775:
during the existence of that court from 1906 through 1943.
757:
594:
428:
are heard in Pasadena, and cases from northern California,
369:
The Ninth Circuit also has appellate jurisdiction over the
4145:
4004:
3722:
3534:
13503:
9070:
This website includes links to the court's published and
6756:
Established on August 2, 1935, by 49 Stat. 508
4840:
4474:
4286:
3487:
916:
decision en masse. The court thus provides for a limited
8177:
Established on July 10, 1984, by 98 Stat. 333
8122:
Established on July 10, 1984, by 98 Stat. 333
8080:
Established on July 10, 1984, by 98 Stat. 333
8025:
Established on July 10, 1984, by 98 Stat. 333
7970:
Established on July 10, 1984, by 98 Stat. 333
7365:
Established on June 18, 1968, by 82 Stat. 184
7297:
Established on June 18, 1968, by 82 Stat. 184
7242:
Established on June 18, 1968, by 82 Stat. 184
7174:
Established on June 18, 1968, by 82 Stat. 184
6931:
Established on April 14, 1937, by 50 Stat. 64
6850:
Established on April 14, 1937, by 50 Stat. 64
5424:
4984:
4521:
3957:
3393:
3120:
4615:
4427:
4239:
12760:
List of United States district and territorial courts
5747:
5653:
5606:
4937:
4709:
4568:
3910:
3261:
13630:
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
9066:
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
8226:
8171:
8116:
8074:
8019:
7964:
7922:
7867:
7812:
7757:
7715:
7660:
7605:
7550:
7482:
7427:
7359:
7291:
7236:
7168:
7100:
7019:
6925:
6844:
6750:
6651:
6492:
6382:
6250:
6081:
5982:
5794:
5471:
4380:
3863:
3214:
3167:
771:, in that it had jurisdiction over appeals from the
273:
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
35:
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
8723:"Ten Reasons Why the Ninth Circuit Should Be Split"
5935:
5888:
5518:
5377:
3440:
3346:
999:
9052:§ 509(a)(2), 121 Stat. 2534, 2543, January 7, 2008
8437:Republic of China v. Merchants' Fire Ass'n of N.Y.
6029:
4887:
4051:
3628:
3299:
13364:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
5330:
4098:
3581:
3073:
3022:
1009:
13621:
12737:
8461:. Durham: Duke University Press. pp. 1–42.
5700:
5160:
4662:
3769:
3675:
410:James R. Browning U.S. Court of Appeals Building
67:James R. Browning U.S. Court of Appeals Building
8717:
8668:United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
8388:Jenkins, Jr., William O. (September 18, 2008).
5841:
4756:
3844:
3797:
3750:
3703:
3656:
3609:
3562:
854:
398:William Kenzo Nakamura United States Courthouse
5963:
5916:
5031:
3148:
3101:
867:However, a detailed study in 2018 reported by
13489:
12723:
11997:
11175:
9115:
8761:
6260:as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit
4596:
4549:
4502:
4361:
4314:
4267:
4220:
4173:
4126:
4079:
4032:
3985:
3816:
752:upon its admission to the Union in 1912, the
8387:
8270:List of current United States circuit judges
3195:
762:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
29:Federal appellate court for the western U.S.
8655:
6245:to appoint new judges to fill their seats.
4825:
3421:
3374:
3242:
2963:
2926:
2889:
2852:
2815:
2778:
2741:
2704:
2667:
2630:
2593:
2556:
2519:
2482:
2445:
2408:
2371:
2334:
2297:
2260:
2223:
2186:
2149:
2112:
2075:
2038:
2001:
1964:
1927:
1890:
1853:
1816:
1779:
1742:
1705:
1668:
1631:
1594:
1557:
1520:
1483:
1446:
1409:
1372:
1335:
1298:
1261:
1224:
1187:
1150:
1113:
1076:
13496:
13482:
13349:Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation
12730:
12716:
12004:
11990:
11182:
11168:
9122:
9108:
8289:
8287:
8285:
6010:
4455:
4408:
3327:
54:
45:
8824:
8457:. In Go, Julian; Foster, Anne L. (eds.).
8410:
6256:Established on December 10, 1869, by the
5869:
5822:
5775:
5728:
5681:
5634:
5587:
5546:
5499:
5452:
5405:
5358:
5311:
5270:
5229:
5188:
5141:
5100:
5059:
5012:
3938:
3891:
3515:
3468:
842:, who maintains his judicial chambers in
418:Richard H. Chambers U.S. Court of Appeals
113:Richard H. Chambers U.S. Court of Appeals
13705:Courts and tribunals established in 1891
13700:1891 establishments in the United States
13359:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
9048:Court Security Improvement Act of 2007,
9042:
8871:. March 17, 2007. Event occurs at 48:30
8620:
8446:
8383:
8381:
4868:
4784:
4737:
4690:
4643:
3050:
2976:
882:
803:
463:
379:District of the Northern Mariana Islands
208:District of the Northern Mariana Islands
8855:
8651:
8649:
8647:
8579:
8531:Hofer, Roy E. (January–February 2010).
8282:
6057:
4965:
4915:
446:United States Secretary of the Interior
14:
13622:
8762:Shapiro, Ilya; Harvey, Nathan (2019).
8569:from the original on October 10, 2023.
8517:Kleinfeld, Andrew J. (May 22, 1998). "
6232:
89:William Kenzo Nakamura U.S. Courthouse
13505:Courts and bar associations in Oregon
13477:
12711:
11985:
11163:
9103:
8580:Carroll, Lauren (February 10, 2017).
8530:
8378:
6388:Established on June 16, 1891, by the
13408:Former United States district courts
8644:
8621:Williams, Carol J. (July 18, 2011).
878:
8889:
8687:
8681:
8546:Intellectual Property Law Section.
24:
12770:
12750:Supreme Court of the United States
8594:from the original on June 8, 2023.
8452:
8415:. University of California Press.
8338:Chief Justice of the United States
1004:As of November 15, 2023:
961:Supreme Court of the United States
951:In March 2007, Associate Justices
788:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
13716:
9059:
8311:for the Ninth Circuit in 1869 by
8265:Ninth Circuit appointment history
937:review in limited circumstances.
468:Ninth Circuit Court House in 1905
8688:Qiu, Linda (November 26, 2018).
8506:White v. Samsung Elec. Am., Inc.
1000:Current composition of the court
784:Supreme Court of the Philippines
12755:United States courts of appeals
9132:United States courts of appeals
9010:
8995:
8982:
8973:
8961:
8945:
8926:
8917:
8883:
8818:
8792:
8780:
8755:
8711:
8614:
8598:
8573:
8519:RE: Splitting the Ninth Circuit
8357:
8343:
8322:
8301:
6074:
329:Southern District of California
324:Northern District of California
163:Southern District of California
158:Northern District of California
12014:Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals
12012:Senior district judges of the
11192:Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals
11190:Active district judges of the
8988:"Sentence Cut Out by Hoover",
8970:; retrieved February 27, 2021,
8958:; retrieved February 18, 2008.
8524:
8511:
8499:
8476:
8429:
8404:
364:Western District of Washington
359:Eastern District of Washington
319:Eastern District of California
314:Central District of California
198:Western District of Washington
193:Eastern District of Washington
153:Eastern District of California
148:Central District of California
13:
1:
13354:Alien Terrorist Removal Court
8371:
8296:extraterritorial jurisdiction
799:Bankruptcy Reform Act of 1978
773:United States Court for China
484:Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
285:U.S. federal court of appeals
13599:Oregon State Bar Association
13423:Eastern District of Illinois
13344:Court of International Trade
12739:United States federal courts
9085:Recent opinions from FindLaw
8828:; et al. (April 2006).
8764:"Break Up the Ninth Circuit"
8411:Frederick, David C. (1994).
8330:United States Commerce Court
855:Rate of overturned decisions
849:
487:Number of active judgeships
450:High Court of American Samoa
7:
8542:. Vol. 2, no. 3.
8521:". Retrieved June 21, 2005.
8253:
786:were taken directly to the
10:
13721:
13428:District of the Canal Zone
8938:November 13, 2013, at the
8736:(2): 58–64. Archived from
8307:Sawyer was appointed as a
911:court. In other circuits,
795:Bankruptcy Appellate Panel
459:
297:federal judicial districts
13609:Affinity bar associations
13604:Multnomah Bar Association
13591:
13570:
13544:
13511:
13446:
13400:
13372:
13336:
12859:
12781:
12768:
12745:
12687:
12669:
12601:
12558:
12510:
12472:
12449:
12426:
12393:
12325:
12257:
12209:
12136:
12058:
12020:
11959:
11939:
11889:
11854:
11809:
11759:
11729:
11704:
11661:
11586:
11501:
11456:
11303:
11223:
11198:
11107:
11034:
11025:
10985:
10917:
10908:
10848:
10775:
10766:
10696:
10623:
10614:
10484:
10326:
10317:
10272:
10204:
10195:
10155:
10087:
10078:
9988:
9895:
9886:
9826:
9728:
9719:
9684:
9596:
9587:
9517:
9434:
9425:
9340:
9262:
9253:
9208:
9165:
9156:
9138:
8231:
8176:
8121:
8079:
8024:
7969:
7927:
7872:
7817:
7762:
7720:
7665:
7610:
7555:
7487:
7432:
7364:
7296:
7241:
7173:
7105:
7024:
6930:
6849:
6755:
6661:
6656:
6497:
6387:
6264:
6255:
4337:Montgomery Oliver Koelsch
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
390:San Francisco, California
254:
242:
232:
224:
216:
130:
72:San Francisco, California
62:
53:
44:
39:
34:
13387:Northern Mariana Islands
8544:American Bar Association
8275:
4196:Oliver Deveta Hamlin Jr.
615:Northern Mariana Islands
9090:Federal Judicial Center
8769:George Mason Law Review
8483:Kepner v. United States
5120:Otto Richard Skopil Jr.
4149:Frederick George Hamley
4008:Richard Harvey Chambers
3726:Albert Lee Stephens Sr.
3538:Francis Arthur Garrecht
408:, San Francisco at the
12775:
8864:America and the Courts
4844:Joseph Tyree Sneed III
4478:Walter Raleigh Ely Jr.
4290:Charles Merton Merrill
3491:William Henry Sawtelle
894:
809:
469:
289:appellate jurisdiction
13464:its own Supreme Court
12774:
9080:Ninth Circuit Library
8806:on September 26, 2012
8743:on September 24, 2015
8719:O'Scannlain, Diarmuid
8317:Judiciary Act of 1891
6390:Judiciary Act of 1891
6267:Judiciary Act of 1891
6258:Judiciary Act of 1869
5428:William Albert Norris
4988:Procter Ralph Hug Jr.
4525:James Marshall Carter
3961:Dal Millington Lemmon
2977:List of former judges
2938:Senior Circuit Judge
2901:Senior Circuit Judge
2864:Senior Circuit Judge
2827:Senior Circuit Judge
2790:Senior Circuit Judge
2753:Senior Circuit Judge
2716:Senior Circuit Judge
2679:Senior Circuit Judge
2642:Senior Circuit Judge
2605:Senior Circuit Judge
2568:Senior Circuit Judge
2531:Senior Circuit Judge
2494:Senior Circuit Judge
2457:Senior Circuit Judge
2420:Senior Circuit Judge
2383:Senior Circuit Judge
2346:Senior Circuit Judge
2309:Senior Circuit Judge
2272:Senior Circuit Judge
2235:Senior Circuit Judge
2202:Dorothy Wright Nelson
2198:Senior Circuit Judge
2161:Senior Circuit Judge
2124:Senior Circuit Judge
892:Procter Ralph Hug Jr.
886:
873:Vanderbilt University
871:, a law professor at
807:
797:as authorized by the
467:
13660:Pasadena, California
13456:District of Columbia
12939:District of Columbia
8260:Courts of California
5566:Cynthia Holcomb Hall
5079:Betty Binns Fletcher
3397:Frank Sigel Dietrich
3124:William Ball Gilbert
2424:Michael Daly Hawkins
2276:Diarmuid O'Scannlain
1980:Salvador Mendoza Jr.
1166:Johnnie B. Rawlinson
869:Brian T. Fitzpatrick
293:U.S. district courts
233:Circuit Justice
118:Pasadena, California
13418:District of Potomac
13413:District of Orleans
8453:Go, Julian (2003).
8334:William Howard Taft
6233:Succession of seats
4619:Eugene Allen Wright
4431:Benjamin C. Duniway
4243:Gilbert H. Jertberg
2646:William A. Fletcher
2609:M. Margaret McKeown
2350:Ferdinand Fernandez
2128:J. Clifford Wallace
1721:Danielle J. Forrest
840:Andrew J. Kleinfeld
816:case involving the
814:rights of publicity
754:Territory of Alaska
746:Territory of Hawaii
535:Territory of Hawaii
344:District of Montana
309:District of Arizona
178:District of Montana
143:District of Arizona
94:Seattle, Washington
18:Ninth Circuit Court
13438:District of Berlin
13374:Territorial courts
12776:
12689:N. Mariana Islands
11961:N. Mariana Islands
9147:represent current
8892:"47 Duke L.J. 351"
8826:Schroeder, Mary M.
8657:Fitzpatrick, Brian
8350:Recess appointment
5751:John T. Noonan Jr.
5657:Melvin T. Brunetti
5610:Charles E. Wiggins
5290:Warren J. Ferguson
4941:J. Blaine Anderson
4713:Ozell Miller Trask
4572:Shirley Hufstedler
3914:Walter Lyndon Pope
3265:William Henry Hunt
2757:Richard C. Tallman
2535:Barry G. Silverman
2461:A. Wallace Tashima
1906:Gabriel P. Sanchez
1758:Patrick J. Bumatay
1425:Michelle Friedland
1277:Sandra Segal Ikuta
1092:Kim McLane Wardlaw
895:
810:
470:
406:Pioneer Courthouse
371:territorial courts
354:District of Oregon
349:District of Nevada
334:District of Hawaii
304:District of Alaska
188:District of Oregon
183:District of Nevada
168:District of Hawaii
138:District of Alaska
101:Pioneer Courthouse
13640:Billings, Montana
13635:Anchorage, Alaska
13617:
13616:
13471:
13470:
13433:District of China
13153:North Carolina (
12783:Courts of appeals
12705:
12704:
11979:
11978:
11950:Tydingco-Gatewood
11157:
11156:
11153:
11152:
11021:
11020:
10904:
10903:
10762:
10761:
10610:
10609:
10313:
10312:
10191:
10190:
10074:
10073:
9882:
9881:
9715:
9714:
9583:
9582:
9499:Montgomery-Reeves
9421:
9420:
9249:
9248:
8890:Gribbin, Eric J.
8659:(July 31, 2018).
8630:Los Angeles Times
8251:
8250:
8222:
8221:
8167:
8166:
8112:
8111:
8070:
8069:
8015:
8014:
7960:
7959:
7918:
7917:
7863:
7862:
7808:
7807:
7753:
7752:
7711:
7710:
7656:
7655:
7601:
7600:
7546:
7545:
7478:
7477:
7423:
7422:
7355:
7354:
7287:
7286:
7232:
7231:
7164:
7163:
7096:
7095:
7015:
7014:
6921:
6920:
6840:
6839:
6746:
6745:
6647:
6646:
6488:
6487:
6378:
6377:
6208:
6207:
6072:
6071:
5986:Raymond C. Fisher
5798:David R. Thompson
5475:Stephen Reinhardt
4384:James R. Browning
3867:William Edwin Orr
3218:William W. Morrow
3171:Erskine Mayo Ross
2971:
2970:
2942:Andrew D. Hurwitz
2873:San Francisco, CA
2762:Coeur d'Alene, ID
2725:San Francisco, CA
2651:San Francisco, CA
2165:Mary M. Schroeder
2054:Anthony Johnstone
1911:San Francisco, CA
1837:San Francisco, CA
1689:San Francisco, CA
1610:Daniel P. Collins
1351:Jacqueline Nguyen
1203:Consuelo Callahan
888:Mary M. Schroeder
879:Size of the court
844:Fairbanks, Alaska
760:in 1951, and the
710:
709:
481:Total population
388:Headquartered in
339:District of Idaho
295:in the following
269:
268:
173:District of Idaho
131:Appeals from
16:(Redirected from
13712:
13675:Portland, Oregon
13670:Pocatello, Idaho
13665:Phoenix, Arizona
13592:Bar associations
13583:Court of Appeals
13557:Municipal courts
13526:Court of Appeals
13498:
13491:
13484:
13475:
13474:
13337:Specialty courts
13305:West Virginia (
12732:
12725:
12718:
12709:
12708:
12006:
11999:
11992:
11983:
11982:
11697:
11444:
11435:Ramírez Almadani
11184:
11177:
11170:
11161:
11160:
11032:
11031:
10915:
10914:
10773:
10772:
10621:
10620:
10324:
10323:
10202:
10201:
10085:
10084:
9893:
9892:
9726:
9725:
9594:
9593:
9432:
9431:
9260:
9259:
9163:
9162:
9124:
9117:
9110:
9101:
9100:
9053:
9046:
9040:
9014:
9008:
8999:
8993:
8986:
8980:
8977:
8971:
8965:
8959:
8949:
8943:
8930:
8924:
8921:
8915:
8914:
8912:
8910:
8905:on March 6, 2011
8904:
8898:. Archived from
8887:
8881:
8880:
8878:
8876:
8859:
8853:
8852:
8850:
8848:
8834:
8822:
8816:
8815:
8813:
8811:
8796:
8790:
8784:
8778:
8777:
8759:
8753:
8752:
8750:
8748:
8742:
8727:
8721:(October 2005).
8715:
8709:
8708:
8706:
8704:
8693:
8685:
8679:
8678:
8676:
8674:
8665:
8653:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8637:
8626:
8618:
8612:
8602:
8596:
8595:
8577:
8571:
8570:
8568:
8537:
8528:
8522:
8515:
8509:
8503:
8497:
8480:
8474:
8472:
8450:
8444:
8433:
8427:
8426:
8408:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8397:
8385:
8365:
8361:
8355:
8347:
8341:
8326:
8320:
8313:Ulysses S. Grant
8305:
8299:
8291:
8224:
8223:
8169:
8168:
8114:
8113:
8072:
8071:
8017:
8016:
7962:
7961:
7920:
7919:
7865:
7864:
7810:
7809:
7755:
7754:
7713:
7712:
7658:
7657:
7603:
7602:
7548:
7547:
7480:
7479:
7425:
7424:
7357:
7356:
7289:
7288:
7234:
7233:
7166:
7165:
7098:
7097:
7017:
7016:
6923:
6922:
6842:
6841:
6748:
6747:
6649:
6648:
6490:
6489:
6380:
6379:
6248:
6247:
6079:
6078:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6037:
6036:
6035:
6018:
6017:
6016:
5990:
5989:
5988:
5971:
5970:
5969:
5943:
5942:
5941:
5939:Thomas G. Nelson
5924:
5923:
5922:
5896:
5895:
5894:
5892:Pamela Ann Rymer
5877:
5876:
5875:
5849:
5848:
5847:
5830:
5829:
5828:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5755:
5754:
5753:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5708:
5707:
5706:
5689:
5688:
5687:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5642:
5641:
5640:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5595:
5594:
5593:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5522:Robert R. Beezer
5507:
5506:
5505:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5381:Robert Boochever
5366:
5365:
5364:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5319:
5318:
5317:
5278:
5277:
5276:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5149:
5148:
5147:
5108:
5107:
5106:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5020:
5019:
5018:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4973:
4972:
4971:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4876:
4875:
4874:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4829:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4388:
4387:
4386:
4369:
4368:
4367:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4247:
4246:
4245:
4228:
4227:
4226:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4087:
4086:
4085:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4012:
4011:
4010:
3993:
3992:
3991:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3899:
3898:
3897:
3871:
3870:
3869:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3777:
3776:
3775:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3711:
3710:
3709:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3444:Curtis D. Wilbur
3429:
3428:
3427:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3350:Wallace McCamant
3335:
3334:
3333:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3061:Operation of law
3058:
3057:
3056:
3030:
3029:
3028:
2981:
2980:
2967:
2930:
2893:
2856:
2819:
2782:
2745:
2708:
2671:
2634:
2597:
2560:
2523:
2498:Sidney R. Thomas
2486:
2449:
2412:
2387:Andrew Kleinfeld
2375:
2338:
2313:Stephen S. Trott
2301:
2264:
2227:
2190:
2153:
2116:
2079:
2042:
2005:
1968:
1931:
1894:
1857:
1820:
1795:Lawrence VanDyke
1783:
1746:
1709:
1672:
1635:
1598:
1561:
1524:
1487:
1450:
1413:
1376:
1339:
1302:
1265:
1228:
1191:
1154:
1117:
1080:
1025:Term of service
1007:
1006:
826:, Circuit Judge
819:Wheel of Fortune
472:
471:
375:District of Guam
265:
262:
260:
258:
244:Chief Judge
203:District of Guam
106:Portland, Oregon
81:
58:
49:
32:
31:
21:
13720:
13719:
13715:
13714:
13713:
13711:
13710:
13709:
13620:
13619:
13618:
13613:
13587:
13566:
13540:
13507:
13502:
13472:
13467:
13442:
13396:
13368:
13332:
13230:South Carolina
12861:District courts
12855:
12777:
12764:
12741:
12736:
12706:
12701:
12683:
12665:
12597:
12554:
12506:
12468:
12445:
12422:
12389:
12321:
12253:
12205:
12132:
12054:
12016:
12010:
11980:
11975:
11955:
11935:
11885:
11850:
11805:
11755:
11725:
11700:
11695:
11657:
11582:
11563:Martínez-Olguín
11497:
11452:
11442:
11299:
11219:
11194:
11188:
11158:
11149:
11103:
11027:Federal Circuit
11017:
10981:
10900:
10844:
10758:
10692:
10606:
10480:
10309:
10268:
10187:
10151:
10127:Jackson-Akiwumi
10070:
9984:
9878:
9822:
9711:
9680:
9579:
9513:
9417:
9336:
9245:
9204:
9152:
9134:
9128:
9062:
9057:
9056:
9050:Pub. L. 110–177
9047:
9043:
9015:
9011:
9000:
8996:
8990:Oakland Tribune
8987:
8983:
8978:
8974:
8966:
8962:
8950:
8946:
8940:Wayback Machine
8931:
8927:
8922:
8918:
8908:
8906:
8902:
8888:
8884:
8874:
8872:
8861:
8860:
8856:
8846:
8844:
8832:
8823:
8819:
8809:
8807:
8798:
8797:
8793:
8785:
8781:
8776:(4): 1299–1329.
8760:
8756:
8746:
8744:
8740:
8725:
8716:
8712:
8702:
8700:
8686:
8682:
8672:
8670:
8663:
8654:
8645:
8635:
8633:
8619:
8615:
8603:
8599:
8578:
8574:
8566:
8535:
8529:
8525:
8516:
8512:
8504:
8500:
8481:
8477:
8469:
8451:
8447:
8434:
8430:
8423:
8409:
8405:
8395:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8374:
8369:
8368:
8362:
8358:
8348:
8344:
8327:
8323:
8306:
8302:
8292:
8283:
8278:
8256:
6235:
6229:
6077:
6059:
6058:
6033:Paul J. Watford
6031:
6030:
6012:
6011:
5984:
5983:
5965:
5964:
5937:
5936:
5918:
5917:
5890:
5889:
5871:
5870:
5843:
5842:
5824:
5823:
5796:
5795:
5777:
5776:
5749:
5748:
5730:
5729:
5702:
5701:
5683:
5682:
5655:
5654:
5636:
5635:
5608:
5607:
5589:
5588:
5548:
5547:
5520:
5519:
5501:
5500:
5473:
5472:
5454:
5453:
5426:
5425:
5407:
5406:
5379:
5378:
5360:
5359:
5332:
5331:
5313:
5312:
5272:
5271:
5249:Harry Pregerson
5231:
5230:
5190:
5189:
5162:
5161:
5143:
5142:
5102:
5101:
5061:
5060:
5033:
5032:
5014:
5013:
4986:
4985:
4967:
4966:
4939:
4938:
4917:
4916:
4891:Anthony Kennedy
4889:
4888:
4870:
4869:
4842:
4841:
4786:
4785:
4758:
4757:
4739:
4738:
4711:
4710:
4692:
4691:
4664:
4663:
4645:
4644:
4617:
4616:
4598:
4597:
4570:
4569:
4551:
4550:
4523:
4522:
4504:
4503:
4476:
4475:
4457:
4456:
4429:
4428:
4410:
4409:
4382:
4381:
4363:
4362:
4335:
4334:
4316:
4315:
4288:
4287:
4269:
4268:
4241:
4240:
4222:
4221:
4194:
4193:
4175:
4174:
4147:
4146:
4128:
4127:
4100:
4099:
4081:
4080:
4055:James Alger Fee
4053:
4052:
4034:
4033:
4006:
4005:
3987:
3986:
3959:
3958:
3940:
3939:
3912:
3911:
3893:
3892:
3865:
3864:
3846:
3845:
3818:
3817:
3799:
3798:
3771:
3770:
3752:
3751:
3724:
3723:
3705:
3704:
3677:
3676:
3658:
3657:
3632:Clifton Mathews
3630:
3629:
3611:
3610:
3583:
3582:
3564:
3563:
3536:
3535:
3517:
3516:
3489:
3488:
3470:
3469:
3442:
3441:
3423:
3422:
3395:
3394:
3376:
3375:
3348:
3347:
3329:
3328:
3303:Frank H. Rudkin
3301:
3300:
3263:
3262:
3244:
3243:
3216:
3215:
3197:
3196:
3169:
3168:
3150:
3149:
3122:
3121:
3103:
3102:
3075:
3074:
3052:
3051:
3024:
3023:
3013:
2996:Active service
2979:
2973:
2794:Richard Clifton
2572:Susan P. Graber
1943:Holly A. Thomas
1573:Bridget S. Bade
1504:Idaho Falls, ID
1462:Mark J. Bennett
1314:Morgan Christen
1129:Ronald M. Gould
1055:Mary H. Murguia
1002:
957:Clarence Thomas
953:Anthony Kennedy
881:
857:
852:
462:
255:
249:Mary H. Murguia
212:
126:
125:
124:
121:
109:
97:
83:
79:
75:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13718:
13708:
13707:
13702:
13697:
13692:
13687:
13682:
13677:
13672:
13667:
13662:
13657:
13652:
13647:
13642:
13637:
13632:
13615:
13614:
13612:
13611:
13606:
13601:
13595:
13593:
13589:
13588:
13586:
13585:
13580:
13578:District Court
13574:
13572:
13571:Federal courts
13568:
13567:
13565:
13564:
13559:
13554:
13552:Justice courts
13548:
13546:
13542:
13541:
13539:
13538:
13533:
13531:Circuit courts
13528:
13523:
13517:
13515:
13509:
13508:
13501:
13500:
13493:
13486:
13478:
13469:
13468:
13452:American Samoa
13450:
13448:
13444:
13443:
13441:
13440:
13435:
13430:
13425:
13420:
13415:
13410:
13404:
13402:
13401:Extinct courts
13398:
13397:
13395:
13394:
13392:Virgin Islands
13389:
13384:
13378:
13376:
13370:
13369:
13367:
13366:
13361:
13356:
13351:
13346:
13340:
13338:
13334:
13333:
13331:
13330:
13325:
13314:
13303:
13292:
13281:
13276:
13271:
13252:
13237:
13232:
13227:
13222:
13217:
13204:Pennsylvania (
13202:
13197:
13182:
13171:
13166:
13151:
13132:
13127:
13122:
13120:New Hampshire
13117:
13112:
13107:
13102:
13091:
13080:
13075:
13064:
13059:
13054:
13049:
13034:
13023:
13018:
13007:
12996:
12981:
12976:
12971:
12956:
12941:
12936:
12931:
12926:
12921:
12902:
12891:
12886:
12881:
12865:
12863:
12857:
12856:
12854:
12853:
12848:
12843:
12838:
12833:
12828:
12823:
12818:
12813:
12808:
12803:
12798:
12793:
12787:
12785:
12779:
12778:
12769:
12766:
12765:
12763:
12762:
12757:
12752:
12746:
12743:
12742:
12735:
12734:
12727:
12720:
12712:
12703:
12702:
12700:
12699:
12693:
12691:
12685:
12684:
12682:
12681:
12675:
12673:
12667:
12666:
12664:
12663:
12658:
12653:
12648:
12643:
12638:
12633:
12628:
12623:
12618:
12613:
12607:
12605:
12599:
12598:
12596:
12595:
12590:
12585:
12580:
12575:
12570:
12564:
12562:
12556:
12555:
12553:
12552:
12547:
12542:
12537:
12532:
12527:
12522:
12516:
12514:
12508:
12507:
12505:
12504:
12499:
12494:
12489:
12484:
12478:
12476:
12470:
12469:
12467:
12466:
12461:
12455:
12453:
12447:
12446:
12444:
12443:
12438:
12432:
12430:
12424:
12423:
12421:
12420:
12415:
12410:
12405:
12399:
12397:
12391:
12390:
12388:
12387:
12382:
12377:
12372:
12367:
12362:
12357:
12352:
12347:
12342:
12337:
12331:
12329:
12323:
12322:
12320:
12319:
12314:
12309:
12304:
12299:
12294:
12289:
12284:
12279:
12274:
12269:
12263:
12261:
12255:
12254:
12252:
12251:
12246:
12241:
12236:
12231:
12226:
12221:
12215:
12213:
12207:
12206:
12204:
12203:
12198:
12193:
12188:
12183:
12178:
12173:
12168:
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9002:28 U.S.C.
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8455:"Introduction"
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5334:Cecil F. Poole
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5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5113:
5112:
5109:
5098:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5071:
5068:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5040:
5029:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4993:
4982:
4978:
4977:
4974:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4946:
4935:
4931:
4930:
4924:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4896:
4885:
4881:
4880:
4877:
4866:
4863:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4849:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4830:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4806:
4804:Alfred Goodwin
4801:
4797:
4796:
4793:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4765:
4754:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4718:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4688:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4671:
4660:
4656:
4655:
4652:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4624:
4613:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4577:
4566:
4562:
4561:
4558:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4535:
4530:
4519:
4515:
4514:
4511:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4483:
4472:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4436:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4417:
4406:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4394:
4389:
4378:
4374:
4373:
4370:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4342:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4323:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4295:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4248:
4237:
4233:
4232:
4229:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4201:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4154:
4143:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4107:
4102:Stanley Barnes
4096:
4092:
4091:
4088:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4060:
4049:
4045:
4044:
4041:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3955:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3919:
3908:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3872:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3825:
3814:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3778:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3739:
3736:
3731:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3701:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3684:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3637:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3607:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3590:
3585:William Denman
3579:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3548:
3543:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3513:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3496:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3477:
3466:
3463:
3460:
3457:
3454:
3449:
3438:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3402:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3385:not confirmed
3383:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3355:
3344:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3308:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3270:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3223:
3212:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3193:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3129:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3082:
3077:Joseph McKenna
3071:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3026:Lorenzo Sawyer
3020:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2978:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2907:
2905:N. Randy Smith
2902:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2598:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2487:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2191:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2087:Circuit Judge
2085:
2081:
2080:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2050:Circuit Judge
2048:
2044:
2043:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2013:Circuit Judge
2011:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1976:Circuit Judge
1974:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1939:Circuit Judge
1937:
1933:
1932:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1902:Circuit Judge
1900:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1865:Circuit Judge
1863:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1828:Circuit Judge
1826:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1791:Circuit Judge
1789:
1785:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1754:Circuit Judge
1752:
1748:
1747:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1717:Circuit Judge
1715:
1711:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1680:Circuit Judge
1678:
1674:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1647:Kenneth K. Lee
1644:
1643:Circuit Judge
1641:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1606:Circuit Judge
1604:
1600:
1599:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1569:Circuit Judge
1567:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1538:
1536:Eric D. Miller
1533:
1532:Circuit Judge
1530:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1499:Ryan D. Nelson
1496:
1495:Circuit Judge
1493:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1458:Circuit Judge
1456:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1421:Circuit Judge
1419:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1384:Circuit Judge
1382:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1347:Circuit Judge
1345:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1310:Circuit Judge
1308:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1273:Circuit Judge
1271:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1245:El Segundo, CA
1242:
1237:
1236:Circuit Judge
1234:
1230:
1229:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1208:Sacramento, CA
1205:
1200:
1199:Circuit Judge
1197:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1162:Circuit Judge
1160:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1125:Circuit Judge
1123:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1088:Circuit Judge
1086:
1082:
1081:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1001:
998:
993:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
880:
877:
856:
853:
851:
848:
714:western states
708:
707:
704:
701:
698:
696:
692:
691:
688:
685:
682:
680:
676:
675:
672:
669:
666:
664:
660:
659:
656:
653:
650:
648:
644:
643:
640:
637:
634:
632:
628:
627:
624:
621:
618:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
598:
588:
584:
583:
580:
577:
574:
572:
568:
567:
564:
561:
558:
552:
548:
547:
544:
541:
538:
532:
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
493:
489:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
461:
458:
383:American Samoa
367:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
306:
277:case citations
267:
266:
252:
251:
246:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
211:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
134:
132:
128:
127:
123:
122:
115:
110:
103:
98:
91:
85:
84:
80:More locations
77:
76:
69:
64:
60:
59:
51:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13717:
13706:
13703:
13701:
13698:
13696:
13693:
13691:
13690:San Francisco
13688:
13686:
13683:
13681:
13678:
13676:
13673:
13671:
13668:
13666:
13663:
13661:
13658:
13656:
13653:
13651:
13648:
13646:
13643:
13641:
13638:
13636:
13633:
13631:
13628:
13627:
13625:
13610:
13607:
13605:
13602:
13600:
13597:
13596:
13594:
13590:
13584:
13581:
13579:
13576:
13575:
13573:
13569:
13563:
13562:County courts
13560:
13558:
13555:
13553:
13550:
13549:
13547:
13543:
13537:
13534:
13532:
13529:
13527:
13524:
13522:
13521:Supreme Court
13519:
13518:
13516:
13514:
13510:
13506:
13499:
13494:
13492:
13487:
13485:
13480:
13479:
13476:
13465:
13461:
13457:
13453:
13449:
13445:
13439:
13436:
13434:
13431:
13429:
13426:
13424:
13421:
13419:
13416:
13414:
13411:
13409:
13406:
13405:
13403:
13399:
13393:
13390:
13388:
13385:
13383:
13380:
13379:
13377:
13375:
13371:
13365:
13362:
13360:
13357:
13355:
13352:
13350:
13347:
13345:
13342:
13341:
13339:
13335:
13329:
13326:
13323:
13319:
13315:
13312:
13308:
13304:
13301:
13297:
13293:
13290:
13286:
13282:
13280:
13277:
13275:
13272:
13269:
13265:
13261:
13257:
13253:
13250:
13246:
13242:
13238:
13236:
13235:South Dakota
13233:
13231:
13228:
13226:
13225:Rhode Island
13223:
13221:
13218:
13215:
13211:
13207:
13203:
13201:
13198:
13195:
13191:
13187:
13183:
13180:
13176:
13172:
13170:
13169:North Dakota
13167:
13164:
13160:
13156:
13152:
13149:
13145:
13141:
13137:
13133:
13131:
13128:
13126:
13123:
13121:
13118:
13116:
13113:
13111:
13108:
13106:
13103:
13100:
13096:
13092:
13089:
13085:
13082:Mississippi (
13081:
13079:
13076:
13073:
13069:
13065:
13063:
13062:Massachusetts
13060:
13058:
13055:
13053:
13050:
13047:
13043:
13039:
13035:
13032:
13028:
13024:
13022:
13019:
13016:
13012:
13008:
13005:
13001:
12997:
12994:
12990:
12986:
12982:
12980:
12977:
12975:
12972:
12969:
12965:
12961:
12957:
12954:
12950:
12946:
12942:
12940:
12937:
12935:
12932:
12930:
12927:
12925:
12922:
12919:
12915:
12911:
12907:
12903:
12900:
12896:
12892:
12890:
12887:
12885:
12882:
12879:
12875:
12871:
12867:
12866:
12864:
12862:
12858:
12852:
12849:
12847:
12844:
12842:
12839:
12837:
12834:
12832:
12829:
12827:
12824:
12822:
12819:
12817:
12814:
12812:
12809:
12807:
12804:
12802:
12799:
12797:
12794:
12792:
12789:
12788:
12786:
12784:
12780:
12773:
12767:
12761:
12758:
12756:
12753:
12751:
12748:
12747:
12744:
12740:
12733:
12728:
12726:
12721:
12719:
12714:
12713:
12710:
12698:
12695:
12694:
12692:
12690:
12686:
12680:
12677:
12676:
12674:
12672:
12668:
12662:
12659:
12657:
12654:
12652:
12649:
12647:
12644:
12642:
12639:
12637:
12634:
12632:
12629:
12627:
12624:
12622:
12619:
12617:
12614:
12612:
12609:
12608:
12606:
12604:
12603:W. Washington
12600:
12594:
12591:
12589:
12586:
12584:
12581:
12579:
12576:
12574:
12571:
12569:
12566:
12565:
12563:
12561:
12560:E. Washington
12557:
12551:
12548:
12546:
12543:
12541:
12538:
12536:
12533:
12531:
12528:
12526:
12523:
12521:
12518:
12517:
12515:
12513:
12509:
12503:
12500:
12498:
12495:
12493:
12490:
12488:
12485:
12483:
12480:
12479:
12477:
12475:
12471:
12465:
12462:
12460:
12457:
12456:
12454:
12452:
12448:
12442:
12439:
12437:
12434:
12433:
12431:
12429:
12425:
12419:
12416:
12414:
12411:
12409:
12406:
12404:
12401:
12400:
12398:
12396:
12392:
12386:
12383:
12381:
12378:
12376:
12373:
12371:
12368:
12366:
12363:
12361:
12358:
12356:
12353:
12351:
12348:
12346:
12343:
12341:
12338:
12336:
12333:
12332:
12330:
12328:
12327:S. California
12324:
12318:
12315:
12313:
12310:
12308:
12305:
12303:
12300:
12298:
12295:
12293:
12290:
12288:
12285:
12283:
12280:
12278:
12275:
12273:
12270:
12268:
12265:
12264:
12262:
12260:
12259:N. California
12256:
12250:
12247:
12245:
12242:
12240:
12237:
12235:
12232:
12230:
12227:
12225:
12222:
12220:
12217:
12216:
12214:
12212:
12211:E. California
12208:
12202:
12199:
12197:
12194:
12192:
12189:
12187:
12184:
12182:
12179:
12177:
12174:
12172:
12169:
12167:
12164:
12162:
12159:
12157:
12154:
12152:
12149:
12147:
12144:
12143:
12141:
12139:
12138:C. California
12135:
12129:
12126:
12124:
12121:
12119:
12116:
12114:
12111:
12109:
12106:
12104:
12101:
12099:
12096:
12094:
12091:
12089:
12086:
12084:
12081:
12079:
12076:
12074:
12071:
12069:
12066:
12065:
12063:
12061:
12057:
12051:
12048:
12046:
12043:
12041:
12038:
12036:
12033:
12031:
12028:
12027:
12025:
12023:
12019:
12015:
12007:
12002:
12000:
11995:
11993:
11988:
11987:
11984:
11972:
11971:
11967:
11966:
11964:
11962:
11958:
11952:
11951:
11947:
11946:
11944:
11942:
11938:
11932:
11929:
11927:
11924:
11922:
11919:
11917:
11914:
11912:
11909:
11907:
11904:
11902:
11901:
11897:
11896:
11894:
11892:
11891:W. Washington
11888:
11882:
11881:1 seat vacant
11879:
11877:
11874:
11872:
11869:
11867:
11866:
11862:
11861:
11859:
11857:
11856:E. Washington
11853:
11847:
11846:1 seat vacant
11844:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11822:
11821:
11817:
11816:
11814:
11812:
11808:
11802:
11799:
11797:
11794:
11792:
11789:
11787:
11784:
11782:
11779:
11777:
11774:
11772:
11771:
11767:
11766:
11764:
11762:
11758:
11752:
11749:
11747:
11744:
11742:
11741:
11737:
11736:
11734:
11732:
11728:
11722:
11719:
11717:
11716:
11712:
11711:
11709:
11707:
11703:
11694:
11691:
11689:
11686:
11684:
11681:
11679:
11676:
11674:
11673:
11669:
11668:
11666:
11664:
11660:
11654:
11651:
11649:
11646:
11644:
11641:
11639:
11636:
11634:
11631:
11629:
11626:
11624:
11621:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11611:
11609:
11606:
11604:
11601:
11599:
11598:
11594:
11593:
11591:
11589:
11588:S. California
11585:
11579:
11576:
11574:
11571:
11569:
11566:
11564:
11561:
11559:
11556:
11554:
11551:
11549:
11546:
11544:
11541:
11539:
11536:
11534:
11531:
11529:
11526:
11524:
11521:
11519:
11516:
11514:
11513:
11509:
11508:
11506:
11504:
11503:N. California
11500:
11494:
11491:
11489:
11486:
11484:
11481:
11479:
11476:
11474:
11471:
11469:
11468:
11464:
11463:
11461:
11459:
11458:E. California
11455:
11449:
11446:
11441:
11438:
11436:
11433:
11431:
11428:
11426:
11423:
11421:
11418:
11416:
11413:
11411:
11408:
11406:
11403:
11401:
11398:
11396:
11393:
11391:
11388:
11386:
11383:
11381:
11378:
11376:
11373:
11371:
11368:
11366:
11363:
11361:
11358:
11356:
11353:
11351:
11348:
11346:
11343:
11341:
11338:
11336:
11333:
11331:
11328:
11326:
11323:
11321:
11318:
11316:
11315:
11311:
11310:
11308:
11306:
11305:C. California
11302:
11296:
11293:
11291:
11288:
11286:
11283:
11281:
11278:
11276:
11273:
11271:
11268:
11266:
11263:
11261:
11258:
11256:
11253:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11236:
11235:
11231:
11230:
11228:
11226:
11222:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11210:
11206:
11205:
11203:
11201:
11197:
11193:
11185:
11180:
11178:
11173:
11171:
11166:
11165:
11162:
11146:
11143:
11141:
11138:
11136:
11133:
11131:
11128:
11126:
11123:
11121:
11118:
11116:
11113:
11112:
11110:
11106:
11100:
11097:
11095:
11092:
11090:
11087:
11085:
11082:
11080:
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11055:
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11044:
11040:
11039:
11037:
11033:
11030:
11028:
11024:
11014:
11011:
11009:
11006:
11004:
11001:
10999:
10996:
10994:
10991:
10990:
10988:
10984:
10978:
10975:
10973:
10970:
10968:
10965:
10963:
10960:
10958:
10955:
10953:
10950:
10948:
10945:
10943:
10940:
10938:
10935:
10933:
10930:
10928:
10927:
10923:
10922:
10920:
10916:
10913:
10911:
10907:
10897:
10894:
10892:
10889:
10887:
10884:
10882:
10879:
10877:
10874:
10872:
10869:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10853:
10851:
10847:
10841:
10838:
10836:
10833:
10831:
10828:
10826:
10823:
10821:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10811:
10808:
10806:
10803:
10801:
10798:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10785:
10781:
10780:
10778:
10774:
10771:
10769:
10765:
10755:
10752:
10750:
10747:
10745:
10742:
10740:
10737:
10735:
10732:
10730:
10727:
10725:
10722:
10720:
10717:
10715:
10712:
10710:
10707:
10705:
10702:
10701:
10699:
10695:
10689:
10686:
10684:
10681:
10679:
10676:
10674:
10671:
10669:
10666:
10664:
10661:
10659:
10656:
10654:
10651:
10649:
10646:
10644:
10641:
10639:
10636:
10634:
10633:
10629:
10628:
10626:
10622:
10619:
10617:
10613:
10603:
10600:
10598:
10595:
10593:
10590:
10588:
10585:
10583:
10580:
10578:
10575:
10573:
10570:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10548:
10545:
10543:
10540:
10538:
10535:
10533:
10530:
10528:
10525:
10523:
10520:
10518:
10515:
10513:
10510:
10508:
10505:
10503:
10500:
10498:
10495:
10493:
10490:
10489:
10487:
10483:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10464:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10454:
10452:
10449:
10447:
10444:
10442:
10439:
10437:
10434:
10432:
10429:
10427:
10424:
10422:
10419:
10417:
10414:
10412:
10409:
10407:
10404:
10402:
10399:
10397:
10394:
10392:
10389:
10387:
10384:
10382:
10379:
10377:
10374:
10372:
10369:
10367:
10364:
10362:
10359:
10357:
10354:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10337:
10336:
10332:
10331:
10329:
10325:
10322:
10320:
10316:
10306:
10303:
10301:
10298:
10296:
10293:
10291:
10288:
10286:
10283:
10281:
10278:
10277:
10275:
10271:
10265:
10262:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10250:
10247:
10245:
10242:
10240:
10237:
10235:
10232:
10230:
10227:
10225:
10222:
10220:
10217:
10215:
10214:
10210:
10209:
10207:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10194:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10160:
10158:
10154:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10138:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10097:
10093:
10092:
10090:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10077:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10017:
10014:
10012:
10009:
10007:
10004:
10002:
9999:
9997:
9994:
9993:
9991:
9987:
9981:
9978:
9976:
9973:
9971:
9968:
9966:
9963:
9961:
9958:
9956:
9953:
9951:
9948:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9926:
9923:
9921:
9918:
9916:
9913:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9905:
9901:
9900:
9898:
9894:
9891:
9889:
9885:
9875:
9872:
9870:
9867:
9865:
9862:
9860:
9857:
9855:
9852:
9850:
9847:
9845:
9842:
9840:
9837:
9835:
9832:
9831:
9829:
9825:
9819:
9816:
9814:
9811:
9809:
9806:
9804:
9801:
9799:
9796:
9794:
9791:
9789:
9786:
9784:
9781:
9779:
9776:
9774:
9771:
9769:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9756:
9754:
9751:
9749:
9746:
9744:
9741:
9739:
9738:
9734:
9733:
9731:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9718:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9698:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9689:
9687:
9683:
9677:
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9647:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9606:
9602:
9601:
9599:
9595:
9592:
9590:
9586:
9576:
9573:
9571:
9568:
9566:
9563:
9561:
9558:
9556:
9553:
9551:
9548:
9546:
9543:
9541:
9538:
9536:
9533:
9531:
9528:
9526:
9523:
9522:
9520:
9516:
9510:
9509:1 seat vacant
9507:
9505:
9502:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9450:
9447:
9445:
9444:
9440:
9439:
9437:
9433:
9430:
9428:
9424:
9414:
9411:
9409:
9406:
9404:
9401:
9399:
9396:
9394:
9391:
9389:
9386:
9384:
9381:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9371:
9369:
9366:
9364:
9361:
9359:
9356:
9354:
9351:
9349:
9346:
9345:
9343:
9339:
9333:
9330:
9328:
9325:
9323:
9320:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9308:
9305:
9303:
9300:
9298:
9295:
9293:
9290:
9288:
9285:
9283:
9280:
9278:
9275:
9273:
9272:
9268:
9267:
9265:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9252:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9213:
9211:
9207:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9175:
9171:
9170:
9168:
9164:
9161:
9159:
9155:
9150:
9146:
9142:
9137:
9133:
9125:
9120:
9118:
9113:
9111:
9106:
9105:
9102:
9096:
9093:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9078:
9073:
9069:
9068:
9067:
9064:
9063:
9051:
9045:
9039:
9035:
9031:
9027:
9023:
9019:
9013:
9007:
9003:
8998:
8991:
8985:
8976:
8969:
8964:
8957:
8953:
8948:
8941:
8937:
8934:
8929:
8920:
8901:
8897:
8893:
8886:
8870:
8866:
8865:
8858:
8842:
8838:
8831:
8827:
8821:
8805:
8801:
8795:
8789:
8783:
8775:
8771:
8770:
8765:
8758:
8739:
8735:
8731:
8724:
8720:
8714:
8699:
8698:
8692:
8684:
8669:
8662:
8658:
8652:
8650:
8648:
8632:
8631:
8625:
8617:
8610:
8606:
8601:
8593:
8589:
8588:
8583:
8576:
8565:
8561:
8557:
8553:
8549:
8545:
8541:
8534:
8527:
8520:
8514:
8507:
8502:
8495:
8492:
8488:
8484:
8479:
8470:
8468:9780822384519
8464:
8460:
8456:
8449:
8442:
8438:
8432:
8424:
8422:9780520083813
8418:
8414:
8407:
8391:
8384:
8382:
8377:
8360:
8354:
8353:not confirmed
8351:
8346:
8339:
8335:
8331:
8325:
8318:
8314:
8310:
8309:circuit judge
8304:
8297:
8290:
8288:
8286:
8281:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8257:
8247:2012–present
8246:
8243:
8241:
8240:
8236:
8235:
8230:
8225:
8218:2022–present
8217:
8214:
8212:
8211:
8207:
8206:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8193:
8189:
8186:
8184:
8181:
8180:
8175:
8170:
8163:2014–present
8162:
8159:
8157:
8156:
8152:
8151:
8147:
8144:
8142:
8139:
8138:
8134:
8131:
8129:
8126:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8108:2019–present
8107:
8104:
8102:
8101:
8097:
8096:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8066:2018–present
8065:
8062:
8060:
8059:
8055:
8054:
8050:
8047:
8045:
8042:
8041:
8037:
8034:
8032:
8029:
8028:
8023:
8018:
8011:2019–present
8010:
8007:
8005:
8004:
8000:
7999:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7986:
7982:
7979:
7977:
7974:
7973:
7968:
7963:
7956:2019–present
7955:
7952:
7950:
7949:
7945:
7944:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7931:
7926:
7921:
7914:2023–present
7913:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7903:
7902:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7889:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7859:2021–present
7858:
7855:
7853:
7852:
7848:
7847:
7843:
7840:
7838:
7835:
7834:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7804:2003–present
7803:
7800:
7798:
7797:
7793:
7792:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7779:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7766:
7761:
7756:
7749:2019–present
7748:
7745:
7743:
7742:
7738:
7737:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7707:2006–present
7706:
7703:
7701:
7700:
7696:
7695:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7682:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7664:
7659:
7652:2022–present
7651:
7648:
7646:
7645:
7641:
7640:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7627:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7597:2019–present
7596:
7593:
7591:
7590:
7586:
7585:
7581:
7578:
7576:
7573:
7572:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7542:2021–present
7541:
7538:
7536:
7535:
7531:
7530:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7517:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7504:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7474:2022–present
7473:
7470:
7468:
7467:
7463:
7462:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7449:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7419:2019–present
7418:
7415:
7413:
7412:
7408:
7407:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7394:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7381:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7351:2011–present
7350:
7347:
7345:
7344:
7340:
7339:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7313:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7283:1999–present
7282:
7279:
7277:
7276:
7272:
7271:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7258:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7228:2019–present
7227:
7224:
7222:
7221:
7217:
7216:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7203:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7186:
7183:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7172:
7167:
7160:2011–present
7159:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7149:
7148:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7122:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7092:1998–present
7091:
7088:
7086:
7085:
7081:
7080:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7067:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7054:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7041:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7011:2023–present
7010:
7007:
7005:
7004:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6986:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6947:
6943:
6940:
6938:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6917:2020–present
6916:
6913:
6911:
6910:
6906:
6905:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6879:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6866:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6836:2014–present
6835:
6832:
6830:
6829:
6825:
6824:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6798:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6785:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6772:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6742:2000–present
6741:
6738:
6736:
6735:
6731:
6730:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6704:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6678:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6643:2018–present
6642:
6639:
6637:
6636:
6632:
6631:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6618:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6579:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6566:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6540:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6527:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6514:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6484:2022–present
6483:
6480:
6478:
6477:
6473:
6472:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6459:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6446:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6420:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6394:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6374:2006–present
6373:
6370:
6368:
6367:
6363:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6349:
6345:
6342:
6340:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6268:
6263:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6240:
6239:senior status
6230:
6227:
6225:
6224:senior status
6220:
6216:
6213:
6212:Supreme Court
6204:2021–present
6203:
6201:
6200:
6196:
6195:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6185:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6175:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6145:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6135:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6115:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6101:
6099:
6098:Stephens, Sr.
6096:
6095:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6067:
6062:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6045:1967–present
6044:
6042:
6039:
6034:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6015:
6009:
6006:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5987:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5968:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5940:
5934:
5931:
5930:
5926:
5921:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5893:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5846:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5827:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5799:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5780:
5774:
5771:
5768:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5752:
5746:
5743:
5742:
5738:
5733:
5727:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5716:1950–present
5715:
5713:
5710:
5705:
5704:Alex Kozinski
5699:
5696:
5695:
5691:
5686:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5630:
5627:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5611:
5605:
5602:
5601:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5556:
5551:
5545:
5542:
5539:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5523:
5517:
5514:
5513:
5509:
5504:
5498:
5495:
5492:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5476:
5470:
5467:
5466:
5462:
5457:
5451:
5448:
5445:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5382:
5376:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5280:
5275:
5269:
5266:
5263:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5234:
5228:
5225:
5222:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5198:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5165:
5164:Jerome Farris
5159:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5146:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5110:
5105:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5064:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5017:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4989:
4983:
4980:
4979:
4975:
4970:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4942:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4929:
4928:Supreme Court
4926:elevation to
4925:
4920:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4903:1936–present
4902:
4900:
4897:
4892:
4886:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4789:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4761:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4747:
4742:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4714:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4695:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4667:
4666:John Kilkenny
4661:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4648:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4606:
4601:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4573:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4554:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4526:
4520:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4507:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4479:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4324:
4319:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4291:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4272:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4230:
4225:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4197:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4136:
4131:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4103:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4056:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4037:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4009:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3915:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3901:
3896:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3821:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3774:
3773:William Healy
3768:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3680:
3679:Bert E. Haney
3674:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3492:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3304:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3172:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3011:
3009:Appointed by
3008:
3006:
3005:Senior status
3003:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2974:
2966:
2962:
2960:2022–present
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2923:2018–present
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:Pocatello, ID
2908:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2886:2019–present
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2849:2019–present
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2836:Las Vegas, NV
2834:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2812:2016–present
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2775:2018–present
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2738:2022–present
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:Marsha Berzon
2718:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2701:2021–present
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2664:2022–present
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2627:2022–present
2626:
2623:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:San Diego, CA
2612:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2590:2021–present
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2553:2016–present
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2516:2023–present
2515:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2479:2004–present
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2442:2010–present
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2405:2010–present
2404:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2392:Fairbanks, AK
2390:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2368:2002–present
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2331:2004–present
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2294:2016–present
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2257:1996–present
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:William Canby
2237:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2220:1995–present
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2183:2011–present
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2146:1996–present
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2133:San Diego, CA
2131:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2103:2023–present
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2066:2023–present
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2029:2022–present
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2017:Roopali Desai
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1992:2022–present
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1955:2022–present
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:2022–present
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1881:2021–present
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Jennifer Sung
1867:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1844:2021–present
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1807:2020–present
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1770:2019–present
1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:San Diego, CA
1761:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1733:2019–present
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1696:2019–present
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1659:2019–present
1658:
1655:
1653:
1652:San Diego, CA
1650:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1622:2019–present
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1585:2019–present
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1548:2019–present
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1511:2018–present
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:2018–present
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1437:2014–present
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1400:2014–present
1399:
1396:
1394:
1393:San Diego, CA
1391:
1389:
1388:John B. Owens
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1363:2012–present
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1326:2012–present
1325:
1322:
1320:
1319:Anchorage, AK
1317:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1289:2006–present
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1252:2006–present
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1215:2003–present
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1178:2000–present
1177:
1174:
1172:
1171:Las Vegas, NV
1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1141:1999–present
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1104:1998–present
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1070:2021–present
1069:
1067:2011–present
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:Appointed by
1019:Duty station
1008:
1005:
997:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
968:
967:
964:
962:
958:
954:
949:
947:
943:
938:
936:
932:
928:
923:
919:
914:
910:
909:
903:
901:
893:
889:
885:
876:
874:
870:
865:
861:
847:
845:
841:
836:
833:
829:
828:Alex Kozinski
825:
821:
820:
815:
806:
802:
800:
796:
791:
789:
785:
781:
778:However, the
776:
774:
770:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
718:U.S. Congress
715:
705:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
689:
686:
683:
681:
678:
677:
673:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
657:
654:
651:
649:
646:
645:
641:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
609:
605:
602:
599:
596:
592:
589:
586:
585:
581:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
549:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
529:
525:
522:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
494:
491:
490:
486:
483:
480:
478:Jurisdiction
477:
474:
473:
466:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
301:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
264:
253:
250:
247:
245:
241:
238:
235:
231:
227:
223:
220:March 3, 1891
219:
215:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
135:
133:
129:
119:
114:
111:
107:
102:
99:
95:
90:
87:
86:
82:
73:
68:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
13680:Reno, Nevada
13582:
13545:Local courts
13513:State courts
13294:Washington (
13220:Puerto Rico
12904:California (
12830:
12678:
12013:
11968:
11948:
11898:
11880:
11863:
11845:
11818:
11768:
11738:
11713:
11670:
11652:
11595:
11510:
11465:
11447:
11395:Aenlle-Rocha
11312:
11232:
11214:
11207:
11191:
11041:
10924:
10910:D.C. Circuit
10782:
10768:11th Circuit
10630:
10616:10th Circuit
10333:
10318:
10211:
10094:
10016:Suhrheinrich
9902:
9844:Higginbotham
9735:
9603:
9508:
9441:
9269:
9172:
9149:chief judges
9144:
9044:
9012:
8997:
8984:
8975:
8963:
8947:
8928:
8919:
8907:. Retrieved
8900:the original
8896:law.duke.edu
8895:
8885:
8873:. Retrieved
8863:
8857:
8845:. Retrieved
8840:
8836:
8820:
8808:. Retrieved
8804:the original
8794:
8782:
8773:
8767:
8757:
8745:. Retrieved
8738:the original
8733:
8729:
8713:
8701:. Retrieved
8695:
8683:
8671:. Retrieved
8667:
8634:. Retrieved
8628:
8616:
8608:
8600:
8585:
8575:
8539:
8526:
8513:
8505:
8501:
8496: (1904).
8482:
8478:
8458:
8448:
8436:
8431:
8412:
8406:
8394:. Retrieved
8359:
8345:
8324:
8303:
8237:
8208:
8153:
8098:
8056:
8001:
7946:
7904:
7849:
7794:
7739:
7697:
7642:
7587:
7532:
7464:
7409:
7341:
7273:
7218:
7150:
7082:
7001:
6907:
6856:Stephens Sr.
6826:
6732:
6633:
6474:
6364:
6236:
6228:
6221:
6217:
6209:
6197:
6082:Chief Judge
6075:Chief judges
6068:resignation
5845:Edward Leavy
4760:Herbert Choy
4607:resignation
3848:F. Roosevelt
3801:F. Roosevelt
3754:F. Roosevelt
3707:F. Roosevelt
3660:F. Roosevelt
3613:F. Roosevelt
3566:F. Roosevelt
3291:resignation
3253:resignation
3112:resignation
3014:termination
2972:
2799:Honolulu, HI
2688:Pasadena, CA
2683:Richard Paez
2577:Portland, OR
2503:Billings, MT
2466:Pasadena, CA
2355:Pasadena, CA
2281:Portland, OR
2207:Pasadena, CA
2059:Missoula, MT
1985:Richland, WA
1948:Pasadena, CA
1874:Portland, OR
1726:Portland, OR
1684:Daniel Bress
1615:Pasadena, CA
1467:Honolulu, HI
1430:San Jose, CA
1356:Pasadena, CA
1282:Pasadena, CA
1097:Pasadena, CA
1051:Chief Judge
1003:
994:
965:
950:
945:
941:
939:
934:
930:
927:intracircuit
926:
921:
917:
912:
906:
904:
899:
896:
866:
862:
858:
837:
817:
811:
792:
777:
766:
711:
422:
387:
368:
280:
272:
270:
78:
26:
13655:Los Angeles
13316:Wisconsin (
13239:Tennessee (
13134:New York (
13130:New Mexico
13125:New Jersey
13036:Louisiana (
12929:Connecticut
12568:Quackenbush
11746:Christensen
11696:(Designate)
11443:(Designate)
10512:O'Scannlain
10319:9th Circuit
10197:8th Circuit
10102:Easterbrook
10080:7th Circuit
9888:6th Circuit
9721:5th Circuit
9656:Quattlebaum
9589:4th Circuit
9427:3rd Circuit
9255:2nd Circuit
9158:1st Circuit
9143:· Names in
9072:unpublished
8968:Govtrack.us
8956:govtrack.us
8952:Govtrack.us
8810:February 6,
8441:warlord era
8435:See, e.g.,
8332:in 1911 by
7892:S.R. Thomas
7644:Mendoza Jr.
7562:B. Fletcher
7206:O'Scannlain
6476:H.A. Thomas
6462:W. Fletcher
6188:S.R. Thomas
5967:G.H.W. Bush
5920:G.H.W. Bush
5739:retirement
5463:retirement
5035:Thomas Tang
5023:retirement
3152:B. Harrison
3105:B. Harrison
3000:Chief Judge
2947:Phoenix, AZ
2540:Phoenix, AZ
2429:Phoenix, AZ
2410:G.H.W. Bush
2373:G.H.W. Bush
2244:Phoenix, AZ
2170:Phoenix, AZ
2091:Ana de Alba
2022:Phoenix, AZ
1578:Phoenix, AZ
1541:Seattle, WA
1240:Milan Smith
1134:Seattle, WA
1060:Phoenix, AZ
824:Vanna White
780:Philippines
700:66,848,869
684:61,742,858
668:61,403,307
652:60,400,000
636:54,575,000
620:37,170,000
600:22,607,000
576:11,881,000
237:Elena Kagan
217:Established
13624:Categories
13283:Virginia (
13184:Oklahoma (
13093:Missouri (
13066:Michigan (
13025:Kentucky (
12983:Illinois (
12893:Arkansas (
12616:Coughenour
11931:Cartwright
11721:Brailsford
11633:Montenegro
11608:Bencivengo
11603:Sammartino
11483:Calabretta
11380:Blumenfeld
11360:Fitzgerald
11285:Hinderaker
11094:Cunningham
10926:Srinivasan
10026:Batchelder
9975:Bloomekatz
9950:Nalbandian
9798:Engelhardt
9651:Richardson
9271:Livingston
9190:Montecalvo
9032:, 96
9024:, 72
8843:(1): 63–66
8786:Rule 35–3
8587:PolitiFact
8560:2008213101
8473:(At p. 7.)
8396:August 30,
8372:References
8203:2000–2022
8190:1985–1996
8183:Noonan Jr.
8148:1999–2013
8135:1985–1998
8093:1985–2017
8051:2002–2016
8038:1984–1997
7996:2003–2019
7983:1984–1996
7941:1980–2018
7899:1996–2023
7886:1979–1995
7844:2000–2021
7831:1979–1996
7789:1989–2002
7776:1979–1986
7734:1979–2015
7699:M.D. Smith
7692:1996–2004
7679:1979–1992
7637:1998–2022
7624:1979–1995
7582:2000–2018
7569:1979–1998
7527:1998–2021
7514:1987–1997
7501:1979–1986
7494:Skopil Jr.
7459:2012–2022
7446:1979–2011
7404:1998–2016
7391:1980–1996
7378:1969–1979
7336:1991–2010
7323:1971–1991
7310:1969–1971
7268:1984–1996
7255:1969–1983
7213:1986–2016
7200:1980–1986
7187:1968–1979
7180:Hufstedler
7145:1994–2010
7132:1977–1993
7119:1954–1976
7077:1972–1996
7064:1967–1971
7051:1958–1967
7038:1954–1958
6996:2012–2023
6983:1989–2011
6970:1975–1988
6957:1959–1974
6944:1937–1958
6902:2003–2019
6889:1977–2002
6876:1961–1976
6863:1937–1961
6821:1988–2004
6808:1973–1987
6795:1956–1971
6782:1944–1956
6769:1935–1943
6727:1985–1999
6714:1971–1984
6701:1956–1970
6688:1945–1956
6675:1929–1945
6628:2007–2018
6621:N.R. Smith
6615:1990–2003
6602:1976–1988
6589:1959–1976
6576:1954–1959
6563:1935–1953
6550:1931–1934
6537:1927–1930
6524:1925–1926
6511:1895–1925
6469:1998–2022
6456:1980–1994
6443:1964–1979
6430:1958–1963
6423:Hamlin Jr.
6417:1935–1957
6404:1892–1931
6359:1961–2000
6346:1949–1961
6333:1933–1948
6320:1923–1931
6307:1897–1923
6294:1892–1897
6192:2014–2021
6182:2007–2014
6172:2000–2007
6162:1996–2000
6152:1991–1996
6142:1988–1991
6132:1976–1988
6122:1959–1976
6102:1957–1959
6092:1948–1957
6048:2012–2023
6007:2013–2020
6001:1999–2013
5998:1939–2020
5960:2003–2011
5954:1990–2003
5951:1936–2011
5907:1989–2011
5904:1941–2011
5866:1997–2023
5860:1987–1997
5857:1929–2023
5819:1998–2011
5813:1985–1998
5810:1930–2011
5772:1996–2017
5766:1985–1996
5763:1926–2017
5722:2007–2014
5719:1985–2017
5678:1999–2009
5672:1985–1999
5669:1933–2009
5631:1996–2000
5625:1984–1996
5622:1927–2000
5584:1997–2011
5578:1984–1997
5575:1929–2011
5543:1996–2012
5537:1984–1996
5534:1928–2012
5490:1980–2018
5487:1931–2018
5449:1994–1997
5443:1980–1994
5440:1927–2017
5402:1986–2011
5396:1980–1986
5393:1917–2011
5355:1996–1997
5349:1979–1996
5346:1914–1997
5308:1986–2008
5302:1979–1986
5299:1920–2008
5267:2015–2017
5261:1979–2015
5258:1923–2017
5226:1992–2015
5220:1979–1992
5217:1925–2015
5185:1995–2020
5179:1979–1995
5176:1930–2020
5138:1986–2012
5132:1979–1986
5129:1919–2012
5097:1998–2012
5091:1979–1998
5088:1923–2012
5056:1993–1995
5050:1977–1993
5047:1922–1995
5009:2002–2017
5006:1996–2000
5003:1977–2002
5000:1931–2019
4956:1976–1988
4953:1922–1988
4906:1975–1988
4865:1987–2008
4859:1973–1987
4856:1920–2008
4822:1991–2022
4819:1988–1991
4816:1971–1991
4813:1923–2022
4781:1984–2004
4775:1971–1984
4772:1916–2004
4734:1979–1984
4728:1969–1979
4725:1909–1984
4687:1971–1995
4681:1969–1971
4678:1901–1995
4640:1983–2002
4634:1969–1983
4631:1913–2002
4600:L. Johnson
4587:1968–1979
4584:1925–2016
4553:L. Johnson
4546:1971–1979
4540:1967–1971
4537:1904–1979
4506:L. Johnson
4499:1979–1984
4493:1964–1979
4490:1913–1984
4452:1976–1986
4446:1961–1976
4443:1907–1986
4405:2000–2012
4402:1976–1988
4399:1961–2000
4396:1918–2012
4365:Eisenhower
4358:1976–1992
4352:1959–1976
4349:1912–1992
4318:Eisenhower
4311:1974–1996
4305:1959–1974
4302:1907–1996
4271:Eisenhower
4264:1967–1973
4258:1958–1967
4255:1897–1973
4224:Eisenhower
4217:1963–1973
4211:1958–1963
4208:1892–1973
4177:Eisenhower
4170:1971–1975
4164:1956–1971
4161:1903–1975
4130:Eisenhower
4123:1970–1990
4117:1956–1970
4114:1900–1990
4083:Eisenhower
4070:1954–1959
4067:1888–1959
4036:Eisenhower
4029:1976–1994
4026:1959–1976
4023:1954–1976
4020:1906–1994
3989:Eisenhower
3976:1954–1958
3973:1887–1958
3935:1961–1969
3929:1949–1961
3926:1889–1969
3888:1956–1965
3882:1945–1956
3879:1881–1965
3841:1956–1970
3835:1944–1956
3832:1883–1970
3820:Homer Bone
3794:1958–1962
3788:1937–1958
3785:1881–1962
3747:1961–1965
3744:1957–1959
3741:1937–1961
3738:1874–1965
3694:1935–1943
3691:1879–1943
3653:1953–1962
3647:1935–1953
3644:1880–1962
3606:1957–1959
3603:1948–1957
3600:1935–1957
3597:1872–1959
3553:1933–1948
3550:1870–1948
3506:1931–1934
3503:1868–1934
3465:1945–1954
3459:1929–1945
3456:1867–1954
3412:1927–1930
3409:1863–1930
3365:1925–1926
3362:1867–1944
3318:1923–1931
3315:1864–1931
3280:1911–1928
3277:1857–1949
3239:1923–1929
3233:1897–1923
3230:1843–1929
3192:1925–1928
3186:1895–1925
3183:1845–1928
3139:1892–1931
3136:1847–1931
3092:1892–1897
3089:1843–1926
3038:1820–1891
3012:Reason for
2993:Born–died
2954:2012–2022
2917:2007–2018
2880:2003–2019
2868:Carlos Bea
2843:2003–2019
2806:2002–2016
2769:2000–2018
2732:2000–2022
2695:2000–2021
2658:1998–2022
2621:1998–2022
2584:1998–2021
2547:1998–2016
2513:2014–2021
2510:1996–2023
2473:1996–2004
2436:1994–2010
2399:1991–2010
2362:1989–2002
2325:1988–2004
2288:1986–2016
2251:1980–1996
2214:1979–1995
2180:2000–2007
2177:1979–2011
2143:1991–1996
2140:1972–1996
2096:Fresno, CA
902:process."
742:Washington
722:California
560:7,415,000
540:2,798,000
520:2,087,000
516:Washington
496:California
40:(9th Cir.)
13685:San Diego
13650:Las Vegas
13536:Tax court
13078:Minnesota
12998:Indiana (
12958:Georgia (
12943:Florida (
12868:Alabama (
12611:Rothstein
12550:Hernandez
12418:Seabright
12380:Battaglia
12340:Moskowitz
12272:Armstrong
12267:Henderson
12201:Kronstadt
12161:Pregerson
12103:Jorgenson
12045:Beistline
12035:Singleton
11921:Whitehead
11900:Estudillo
11678:Kobayashi
11405:Slaughter
11345:Gutierrez
11125:Clevenger
10932:Henderson
10896:J. Carnes
10881:E. Carnes
10866:Edmondson
10800:Rosenbaum
10653:Bacharach
10643:Tymkovich
10547:Silverman
10542:S. Thomas
10527:Kleinfeld
10522:Fernandez
10502:D. Nelson
10497:Schroeder
10471:Johnstone
10456:H. Thomas
10396:R. Nelson
10386:Friedland
10351:Rawlinson
10147:Maldonado
10031:Daughtrey
9925:Kethledge
9864:Barksdale
9778:Higginson
9763:Southwick
9611:Wilkinson
9525:Stapleton
9373:Calabresi
9141:Full list
9006:§ 45
8636:August 4,
8552:1942-7239
8540:Landslide
8155:Friedland
7934:Reinhardt
7906:Johnstone
7879:D. Nelson
7782:Fernandez
7727:Pregerson
7439:Schroeder
7397:Silverman
7329:Kleinfeld
7193:Boochever
6801:Sneed III
6734:Rawlinson
6635:R. Nelson
6608:T. Nelson
6168:Schroeder
3199:Cleveland
2928:G.W. Bush
2891:G.W. Bush
2854:G.W. Bush
2831:Jay Bybee
2817:G.W. Bush
2318:Boise, ID
1300:G.W. Bush
1263:G.W. Bush
1226:G.W. Bush
850:Criticism
832:Hollywood
764:in 1977.
756:in 1948,
748:in 1900,
438:Anchorage
291:over the
287:that has
283:) is the
261:.uscourts
13645:Honolulu
13110:Nebraska
13057:Maryland
12934:Delaware
12924:Colorado
12646:Martinez
12593:Peterson
12530:Haggerty
12482:McKibben
12302:Hamilton
12191:Fairbank
12171:Phillips
12151:Marshall
12113:Campbell
12093:Teilborg
11970:Manglona
11831:Immergut
11791:Boulware
11643:Schopler
11618:Robinson
11558:Thompson
11543:Chhabria
11488:Sherriff
11478:Thurston
11400:Frimpong
11340:Klausner
11330:Anderson
11295:Martinez
11270:Brnovich
11255:Humetewa
11008:Randolph
11003:Sentelle
10998:Ginsburg
10861:Anderson
10805:J. Pryor
10784:W. Pryor
10714:Anderson
10709:Porfilio
10688:Federico
10658:Phillips
10648:Matheson
10597:N. Smith
10562:Fletcher
10371:Christen
10361:M. Smith
10356:Callahan
10249:Erickson
10239:Shepherd
10229:Gruender
10213:Colloton
10183:Hamilton
10061:McKeague
9671:Benjamin
9616:Niemeyer
9469:Restrepo
9454:Hardiman
9443:Chagares
9378:Cabranes
9312:Robinson
9282:Sullivan
9241:Thompson
9216:Campbell
9195:Rikelman
9016:62
8936:Archived
8909:June 14,
8875:April 8,
8703:June 12,
8673:June 12,
8592:Archived
8564:Archived
8254:See also
8227:Seat 29
8172:Seat 28
8128:Thompson
8117:Seat 27
8086:Kozinski
8075:Seat 26
8020:Seat 25
7965:Seat 24
7923:Seat 23
7868:Seat 22
7813:Seat 21
7796:Callahan
7769:Ferguson
7758:Seat 20
7716:Seat 19
7661:Seat 18
7606:Seat 17
7551:Seat 16
7483:Seat 15
7428:Seat 14
7360:Seat 13
7343:Christen
7303:Kilkenny
7292:Seat 12
7237:Seat 11
7169:Seat 10
7112:Chambers
7044:Jertberg
6720:Brunetti
6595:Anderson
6543:Sawtelle
6530:Dietrich
6517:McCamant
6352:Browning
6326:Garrecht
6178:Kozinski
6158:Hug, Jr.
6128:Browning
6118:Chambers
3425:Coolidge
3378:Coolidge
3246:McKinley
1832:Lucy Koh
1800:Reno, NV
948:courts.
454:Fagatogo
442:Honolulu
414:Pasadena
402:Portland
377:and the
373:for the
281:9th Cir.
63:Location
13695:Seattle
13328:Wyoming
13279:Vermont
13254:Texas (
13105:Montana
12889:Arizona
12851:Federal
12641:Pechman
12621:Dimmick
12573:Nielsen
12451:Montana
12441:Winmill
12413:Mollway
12408:Gillmor
12370:Benitez
12365:Houston
12287:Illston
12282:Chesney
12249:Mueller
12239:O'Neill
12234:England
12224:Burrell
12186:Fischer
12098:Martone
12083:Collins
12068:McNamee
12060:Arizona
12050:Burgess
12040:Sedwick
12030:Holland
11926:Evanson
11865:Bastian
11820:McShane
11776:Navarro
11751:Watters
11731:Montana
11648:Simmons
11613:Bashant
11548:Gilliam
11538:Freeman
11512:Seeborg
11493:Coggins
11415:Garnett
11385:Holcomb
11375:Birotte
11275:Liburdi
11260:Márquez
11225:Arizona
11209:Gleason
11145:Wallach
11074:Taranto
10993:Edwards
10947:Wilkins
10942:Pillard
10937:Millett
10856:Tjoflat
10835:Brasher
10754:O'Brien
10739:Briscoe
10719:Baldock
10704:Seymour
10683:Rossman
10602:Hurwitz
10582:Clifton
10577:Tallman
10557:McKeown
10537:Tashima
10532:Hawkins
10492:Wallace
10476:de Alba
10461:Mendoza
10451:Sanchez
10436:VanDyke
10431:Bumatay
10426:Forrest
10411:Collins
10391:Bennett
10341:Wardlaw
10335:Murguia
10285:Wollman
10117:St. Eve
10112:Scudder
10107:Brennan
10046:Gibbons
9955:Readler
9930:Stranch
9920:Griffin
9874:Clement
9818:Ramirez
9813:Douglas
9783:Willett
9753:Stewart
9737:Richman
9697:Traxler
9666:Heytens
9661:Rushing
9641:Thacker
9626:Gregory
9565:Fuentes
9555:Rendell
9540:Nygaard
9530:Scirica
9494:Freeman
9459:Shwartz
9327:Merriam
9302:Menashi
9297:Nardini
9180:Kayatta
8847:June 6,
8747:May 29,
8210:Sanchez
8058:Bennett
8044:Clifton
8003:Bumatay
7976:Wiggins
7741:Collins
7685:Tashima
7672:Alarcón
7630:McKeown
7575:Tallman
7452:Hurwitz
7316:Goodwin
7220:Forrest
7152:Murguia
7138:Hawkins
7101:Seat 9
7084:Wardlaw
7070:Wallace
7020:Seat 8
7003:de Alba
6989:Watford
6963:Kennedy
6950:Merrill
6926:Seat 7
6909:VanDyke
6882:Hug Jr.
6869:Duniway
6845:Seat 6
6751:Seat 5
6652:Seat 4
6582:Koelsch
6556:Mathews
6493:Seat 3
6436:Ely Jr.
6397:Gilbert
6383:Seat 2
6287:McKenna
6251:Seat 1
6199:Murguia
6148:Wallace
6138:Goodwin
6014:Clinton
4459:Kennedy
4412:Kennedy
3331:Harding
2780:Clinton
2743:Clinton
2706:Clinton
2669:Clinton
2632:Clinton
2595:Clinton
2558:Clinton
2521:Clinton
2484:Clinton
2447:Clinton
1189:Clinton
1152:Clinton
1115:Clinton
1033:Active
946:en banc
942:en banc
935:en banc
931:en banc
922:en banc
918:en banc
913:en banc
908:en banc
900:en banc
750:Arizona
730:Montana
703:20.17%
687:19.99%
671:19.72%
555:Arizona
504:Montana
460:History
426:Arizona
416:at the
404:at the
396:at the
394:Seattle
13460:Hawaii
13200:Oregon
13173:Ohio (
13115:Nevada
13021:Kansas
13009:Iowa (
12974:Hawaii
12884:Alaska
12697:Munson
12656:Settle
12651:Robart
12636:Lasnik
12578:Whaley
12545:Mosman
12512:Oregon
12492:Dawson
12474:Nevada
12464:Haddon
12459:Molloy
12395:Hawaii
12385:Curiel
12375:Anello
12355:Lorenz
12350:Whelan
12345:Miller
12317:Orrick
12292:Breyer
12277:Wilken
12244:Mendez
12181:Carney
12166:Snyder
12156:Keller
12146:Hatter
12088:Bolton
12078:Zapata
12073:Silver
12022:Alaska
11841:Baggio
11836:Nelson
11811:Oregon
11786:Dorsey
11781:Gordon
11761:Nevada
11740:Morris
11672:Watson
11663:Hawaii
11597:Sabraw
11553:Corley
11533:Donato
11523:Rogers
11518:Davila
11467:Nunley
11390:Scarsi
11370:Olguin
11365:Bernal
11355:Staton
11350:Wright
11335:Walter
11325:Carter
11320:Wilson
11290:Lanham
11200:Alaska
11135:Bryson
11130:Schall
11120:Plager
11108:Senior
11084:Hughes
11054:Lourie
11049:Newman
11035:Active
11013:Rogers
10986:Senior
10977:Garcia
10967:Childs
10962:Walker
10952:Katsas
10918:Active
10891:Marcus
10871:Dubina
10849:Senior
10815:Branch
10810:Newsom
10795:Jordan
10790:Wilson
10776:Active
10749:Murphy
10744:Lucero
10724:Brorby
10697:Senior
10678:Carson
10668:Moritz
10663:McHugh
10632:Holmes
10624:Active
10572:Berzon
10552:Graber
10485:Senior
10401:Miller
10376:Nguyen
10327:Active
10305:Melloy
10300:Arnold
10295:Hansen
10280:Bowman
10273:Senior
10234:Benton
10205:Active
10178:Rovner
10173:Ripple
10156:Senior
10122:Kirsch
10088:Active
10051:Rogers
10041:Gilman
10011:Norris
9989:Senior
9970:Mathis
9960:Murphy
9945:Larsen
9935:Thapar
9904:Sutton
9896:Active
9869:Dennis
9859:Wiener
9827:Senior
9808:Wilson
9803:Oldham
9793:Duncan
9773:Graves
9768:Haynes
9729:Active
9702:Keenan
9685:Senior
9676:Berner
9646:Harris
9597:Active
9575:Fisher
9518:Senior
9489:Phipps
9479:Porter
9464:Krause
9449:Jordan
9435:Active
9413:Carney
9398:Wesley
9388:Parker
9363:Jacobs
9358:Walker
9353:Kearse
9348:Newman
9341:Senior
9322:Nathan
9287:Bianco
9277:Lohier
9263:Active
9236:Howard
9209:Senior
9200:Aframe
9174:Barron
9166:Active
9036:
9028:
9020:
9004:
8869:C-SPAN
8837:Engage
8730:Engage
8558:
8550:
8465:
8419:
8315:. The
8239:Nguyen
8196:Berzon
8141:Fisher
7617:Farris
7589:Miller
7520:Graber
7261:Beezer
7248:Wright
7057:Carter
7031:Lemmon
6788:Hamley
6694:Barnes
6668:Wilbur
6449:Norris
6410:Denman
6313:Rudkin
6300:Morrow
6274:Sawyer
6088:Denman
6021:death
5974:death
5927:death
5880:death
5873:Reagan
5833:death
5826:Reagan
5786:death
5779:Reagan
5732:Reagan
5692:death
5685:Reagan
5645:death
5638:Reagan
5598:death
5591:Reagan
5557:death
5550:Reagan
5510:death
5503:Carter
5456:Carter
5416:death
5409:Carter
5369:death
5362:Carter
5322:death
5315:Carter
5281:death
5274:Carter
5240:death
5233:Carter
5199:death
5192:Carter
5152:death
5145:Carter
5111:death
5104:Carter
5070:death
5063:Carter
5016:Carter
4976:death
4879:death
4832:death
4795:death
4748:death
4701:death
4654:death
4560:death
4513:death
4466:death
4419:death
4372:death
4325:death
4278:death
4231:death
4184:death
4137:death
4090:death
4043:death
3996:death
3949:death
3942:Truman
3902:death
3895:Truman
3855:death
3808:death
3761:death
3714:death
3667:death
3620:death
3573:death
3526:death
3519:Hoover
3479:death
3472:Hoover
3432:death
3338:death
3206:death
3159:death
3065:death
2990:State
2987:Judge
2336:Reagan
2299:Reagan
2262:Carter
2225:Carter
2188:Carter
1042:Senior
1016:Judge
1013:Title
838:Judge
740:, and
738:Oregon
734:Nevada
655:19.9%
639:19.3%
623:16.4%
617:added
603:12.6%
597:added
591:Alaska
557:added
537:added
512:Oregon
508:Nevada
434:Hawaii
430:Nevada
412:, and
225:Judges
13462:, or
13052:Maine
12979:Idaho
12661:Jones
12631:Zilly
12626:Bryan
12540:Brown
12535:Aiken
12525:Jones
12520:Marsh
12502:Jones
12497:Mahan
12436:Lodge
12428:Idaho
12360:Hayes
12307:White
12297:Alsup
12229:Ishii
12219:Shubb
12176:Selna
12123:Rayes
11876:Dimke
11826:Simon
11801:Silva
11796:Traum
11706:Idaho
11688:Smith
11683:Otake
11623:Lopez
11568:Pitts
11528:Tigar
11473:Drozd
11440:Court
11410:Sykes
11265:Lanza
11250:Tuchi
11245:Logan
11240:Zipps
11115:Mayer
11099:Stark
11089:Stoll
11069:Reyna
11064:Prost
11043:Moore
10876:Black
10840:Abudu
10830:Lagoa
10820:Grant
10734:Kelly
10638:Hartz
10587:Bybee
10517:Trott
10507:Canby
10466:Desai
10421:Bress
10381:Owens
10366:Ikuta
10346:Gould
10264:Kobes
10259:Stras
10254:Grasz
10244:Kelly
10224:Smith
10219:Loken
10168:Flaum
10163:Bauer
10142:Kolar
10137:Pryor
10096:Sykes
10066:White
10021:Siler
10006:Boggs
9965:Davis
9910:Moore
9849:Davis
9839:Jolly
9758:Elrod
9748:Smith
9743:Jones
9707:Floyd
9570:Smith
9560:Ambro
9550:McKee
9535:Cowen
9504:Chung
9484:Matey
9474:Bibas
9403:Lynch
9393:Raggi
9368:Leval
9317:Pérez
9231:Lipez
9226:Lynch
9221:Selya
9185:Gelpí
9034:Stat.
9026:Stat.
9018:Stat.
8903:(PDF)
8833:(PDF)
8741:(PDF)
8726:(PDF)
8664:(PDF)
8567:(PDF)
8536:(PDF)
8489:
8276:Notes
8100:Bress
7824:Poole
7634:WA/CA
7507:Leavy
7466:Desai
7384:Canby
7371:Trask
7275:Gould
6976:Rymer
6937:Healy
6895:Bybee
6828:Owens
6818:CA/ID
6814:Trott
6762:Haney
6366:Ikuta
6281:1891
6112:1959
6061:Obama
4872:Nixon
4827:Nixon
4788:Nixon
4741:Nixon
4694:Nixon
4647:Nixon
3932:1959
3286:1928
3054:Grant
3041:1891
2965:Obama
2951:1947
2914:1949
2877:1934
2840:1953
2803:1950
2766:1953
2729:1945
2692:1947
2655:1945
2618:1951
2581:1949
2544:1951
2507:1953
2470:1934
2433:1945
2396:1945
2359:1937
2322:1939
2285:1937
2248:1931
2211:1928
2174:1940
2151:Nixon
2137:1928
2114:Biden
2100:1979
2077:Biden
2063:1973
2040:Biden
2026:1978
2003:Biden
1989:1971
1966:Biden
1952:1979
1929:Biden
1915:1976
1892:Biden
1878:1972
1855:Biden
1841:1968
1818:Trump
1804:1972
1781:Trump
1767:1978
1744:Trump
1730:1977
1707:Trump
1693:1979
1670:Trump
1656:1975
1633:Trump
1619:1963
1596:Trump
1582:1965
1559:Trump
1545:1975
1522:Trump
1508:1973
1485:Trump
1471:1953
1448:Obama
1434:1972
1411:Obama
1397:1971
1374:Obama
1360:1965
1337:Obama
1323:1961
1286:1954
1249:1942
1212:1950
1175:1952
1138:1946
1101:1954
1078:Obama
1064:1960
1037:Chief
1022:Born
822:star
769:China
726:Idaho
695:2020
679:2010
663:2009
647:2007
631:2000
611:1980
587:1960
579:9.0%
571:1940
563:6.7%
551:1912
543:3.7%
531:1900
523:3.3%
500:Idaho
492:1891
475:Year
13447:Note
13382:Guam
13274:Utah
12841:11th
12836:10th
12679:None
12671:Guam
12588:Suko
12583:Shea
12487:Hunt
12403:Ezra
12335:Huff
12312:Chen
12128:Soto
12118:Wake
12108:Bury
11941:Guam
11916:Chun
11911:King
11871:Rice
11693:Park
11638:Huie
11628:Ohta
11430:Kato
11425:Vera
11280:Rash
11234:Snow
11140:Linn
11079:Chen
10886:Hull
10825:Luck
10729:Ebel
10567:Paez
10446:Sung
10406:Bade
10290:Beam
10056:Cook
10036:Cole
10001:Ryan
9980:Ritz
9940:Bush
9915:Clay
9854:Duhé
9834:King
9692:Motz
9636:Wynn
9631:Agee
9621:King
9605:Diaz
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