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1092:. Mr C.J. Crawford was subsequently elected the first Mayor of Miramar Borough Council. Miramar was not yet linked to Wellington city by road. There were three ferries from Miramar, Karaka Bay and Seatoun wharves. Some early accounts mention a land approach by "rough bullock track" over Constable Street hill over the sand isthmus. Miramar plain was entirely surrounded by hills at this time. Miramar Borough amalgamated with Wellington City on 31 January 1921.
72:
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434:. The urban area is a mix of suburban housing, retail outlets, schools, light and service industries, recreation grounds (such as a golf course and sports fields), and Wellington Airport. There are also extensive areas of regenerating native bush, pine forest, and remnant farmland, as well as urban gardens. A narrow two-lane road circles the peninsula, providing a picturesque route around the many bays, coves and headlands.
589:', referencing the area's film industry, but this proposal was not popular so a competition was created by the airport and promoted by the Dominion Post newspaper. The winner of the design competition was 'Wellington Blown Away', designed by Matt Sellars and Raymond McKay of Saatchi and Saatchi. The sign was installed in 2012, and is intended to be seen from the air when landing from the north at Wellington Airport.
1088:
this in the
Supreme Court, winning a ruling that "the rate charged must be in accordance with service rendered in each Riding". The anger continued when the Hutt County Council threatened to appeal to the Privy Council. A petition was collected among Miramar residents and presented to the Governor, and on 10 November 1904 the Seatoun Road Board District was constituted as a Borough and proclaimed in the
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inlet, just as the tide of ebb was making out; the wind likewise against us, we anchored in twelve fathoms water, the bottom a fine sand. The easternmost of the Black Rocks, which lie on the larboard side of the entrance of the inlet, bore N. by E. one mile distant; Cape
Teerawhitte, or the west point of the bay, west, distant about two leagues; and the east point of the bay N. by E. four or five miles.
1187:
the suburb names have drifted location. The houses in south west
Miramar from the gasometer to the golf course were in Rongotai but the name has now drifted south west towards Rongotai College. Likewise a shore point named "Moa point" was subsumed into the southern end of the runway resulting in the name now only being used by to describe remaining houses to the east.
854:" (earth swallower) raised the land, eliminating the shallow channel and joining the island to the mainland. This created a flat plain and freshwater lake in the centre of the peninsula. The lake was first called "Te Rotokura" (red lagoon) and later "Para". When Pākehā settled they named this lagoon "Burnham Water".
639:
the commercial arm of the Port
Nicholson Block Settlement Trust – to build 300 homes on the site. However a group of Taranaki Whānui members known as Mau Whenua opposed the housing development, saying they believe the land is sacred. In 2021 preliminary geotechnical drilling investigation was done at the site.
998:
The citadel of
Rangitatu was sacked and destroyed in late 1819–1820. The attack was led by Tuwhare the Toa. The first people killed at the pa were working in nearby kumara fields. They included: Te Urahi and Puahu of Ngati Rangi, Te Wawapo of Ngati Ira, Takatua of Ngati Rakai, and a number of others,
1177:
the peninsula was still an important component of an evolving coastal defence system, designed to protect the capital, harbour and hinterland from naval attack. . A lookout post was built at Palmer Head in 1938. In the Second World War, the advent of naval air power made these coastal fortifications
638:
took over management of the 11.7-hectare (29-acre) site, which is owned by the
Defence Force and the Department of Corrections, but as of 2021 nothing had been done with it and the building remained derelict and the site a dumping ground for rubbish. In 2019 there was a proposal by Taranaki Whānui –
1186:
The hill to the west of the
Miramar plain was flattened in the 1950s and used to reclaim land from the sea to form the new airport runway. The residential street of Rongotai Tce ran along the hill ridge and was completely removed and all houses demolished. Over the years since the airport was built
1034:
Henry
Maynard Christie documented two farms on the peninsula by 1847 which he called "Glandavar" and "Tetcott". Glandavar was in the north end close under the hills. Tetcott was owned by Francis Molesworth and was in the south east corner of the plain. Christie also mentions that Māori brought eels
1087:
d per £1 of the property's value up to a new rate of 1d per £1 of value. Very little had been spent in
Miramar by the county for the previous decade, and locals expressed their anger at the increased rates, resulting in a reduction back to ¾d per £1. A local resident (Mr C.J. Crawford) contested
1024:
for 1,300 guineas, which included five acres of town land and 5,000 acres of country land, thus he acquired the
Miramar peninsula which was then known as "Watt's Peninsula". Crawford established his cattle farm at the north end of the lake and named it "Glendavar". Crawford wrote in 1840 that the
940:
Pa was built by Ngai Tara. It was located above Seatoun and may have stretched as far as Pilot Hill and over to Lyall Bay. The principal whare of the pa was called "Raukawa" and a fishing rock offshore was called "Te Kai-whatawhata". Rangitatau was the largest pa on the peninsula and was inhabited
629:
Wellington Prison, commonly known as Mt Crawford Prison, was located at the top of Mt Crawford, a peak on the ridge of hills forming a spine at the north end of the Miramar peninsula. The prison was opened in 1927 to replace the Victorian-era Terrace Gaol and was fully occupied by 1929. The prison
984:
Soon after we had anchored, several of the natives came off in their canoes; two from one shore, and one from the other. It required but little address to get three or four of them on board. These people were extravagantly fond of nails above every other thing. To one man I gave two cocks and two
980:
We discovered on the east side of Cape Teerawhitte a new inlet I had never observed before. Being tired with beating against the N.W. winds, I resolved to put into this place, if I found it practicable, or to anchor in the bay which lies before it ……… At one o'clock we reached the entrance of the
601:
was a naval and air force base, and many barracks, workshops, stores, wharves and slipways were built. Concrete munitions magazines are in pine forest above the bay. The area was previously owned by local iwi, through the Port Nicholson Trust. The land was sold to a developer with plans for it to
972:
Captain Cook anchored off the coast near Miramar on his first visit to New Zealand, and mapped much of the coastline but didn't record the harbour entrance. On his second voyage to New Zealand he noted the entrance to Whanganui-a-Tara, and attempted unsuccessfully to enter the harbour. His diary
460:
The peninsula is exposed to Wellington's prevailing northwest wind and the southerly wind. During southerly storms, big waves and swells batter the peninsula's rocky southern shore. The peninsula's topography, with its high ridges and small bays and coves, provides shelter from the wind in many
620:
Fort Ballance was the premier fort in the Wellington area for 26 years (1885-1911). Used by the military over a period of 60 years (1885-1945), the 1880s layout of Fort Ballance is largely unaltered and a good impression of the original nineteenth century fort remains. The fort is a permanent
402:
and Tarakena Bay. A high ridge running on an approximate north–south axis forms the spine of the peninsula, with high points Mount Crawford in the north and Beacon Hill in the south. The peninsula has a large area of low-lying land, the Miramar flats, and a smaller area of flat land at
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to defend itself from attack by sea. In an era when naval power was based mainly on battleships, Miramar Peninsula's strategic position made it ideal for coastal guns to prevent enemy warships from entering Wellington Harbour. Large coastal artillery fortifications were built at
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The Rotokura/Burnham Waters lake was drained by James Coutts Crawford via a drainage tunnel built in 1847 (and widened in 1859) which was apparently New Zealand's first tunnel. This tunnel through Rongotai ridge is still there north of the 'Wellington' sign on Shelly Bay Road.
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A walking track that traverses the main ridge from the Pass of Branda to Tarakena Bay. It runs for 2.5 km, passing mainly through regenerating native forest, and provides excellent views of Wellington city, the Miramar Peninsula, Wellington Harbour and Cook
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James Coutts Crawford named his house "Miramar" which is Spanish for "sea view". When the farmland was purchased by the City Council in 1901 to be sold for housing, the land was named as "Miramar Estate" which lead to the suburb retaining the name "Miramar".
461:
places. On 15 August 2011, during a prolonged southerly storm, snow fell across the peninsula in the late morning, settling in light drifts on trees, streets and fields. Like other parts of Wellington, snowfall at sea level is a very rare occurrence.
1029:
the flat may be said to have been chiefly occupied by water spread over about 200 acres of central area, and the water from it extended up the large swamps both to the north and south, lying, in general, nearly flush with the surface of the
739:
691:, an amateur football club founded in 1909; and Oriental Rongotai Football Club ('Ories'), an amateur rugby club formed in 1888. The Eastern Suburbs Cricket Club, in nearby Kilbirnie, covers junior and senior cricketers on the peninsula.
1201:
In early November 2023, Miramar Peninsula was declared pest free. This was the result of 11,000 bait stations, 450 cameras, and the work of 20,000 Miramar residents. This resulted in a 71% increase in birdlife since the project began.
1129:
A brick factory operated on the eastern hills from 1919 to 1968. All that remains now is a brick wall lining Ira street. The streets of Miramar plain were lined with red bricks as curbing. Some still remain in south Miramar streets.
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published the announcement of the new race course on 2 October 1847 as: "The undersigned, having made arrangement with the proprietor of the land situated between Burnham Water, and Lyall's Bay, for the formation of a Race Course".
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A sign on a hill near the Miramar Cutting spells out 'Wellington' with the last few letters looking like they are blowing away in Wellington's famous winds. Originally Wellington Airport announced it would install a sign saying
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The Seatoun Tunnel, constructed 1906-1907, greatly improved access to the suburb of Seatoun, previously only reachable by ferry or bush track. It was funded by the Crawford Family, early owners of much of the Miramar
988:
We had not been at anchor here above two hours, before the wind veered to N.E., with which we weighed, but the anchor was hardly at the bows before it shifted to south. With this we could but just lead out of the
941:
over many centuries. It was often described as a "citadel" and was used by people living in nearby Poito village as a refuge during attacks. Both Poito and Rangitatau were destroyed by raiders in 1819-1820
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including Pauata, Kopani, Te Rongarua, Puakato, Hungahunga, Koroua and Huatoki, all men. Women slain were Huirua, Te Arahe, Pukurua, Te Koki, Te Rehu, Tangiaru, Hineuhi and Tihitihi. In all some 50 died.
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The Cutting was constructed through a low ridge on the peninsula's eastern side in the late 1890s, and widened in 1910. It provides a thoroughfare from Cobham Drive to Miramar Avenue and central Miramar.
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The peninsula has an area of 800 hectares (2,000 acres). The coastline is rocky, with many coves, steep cliffs, and small pinnacles and caves, but there are also sweeping and sandy beaches, notably at
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Naval base opened in 1907 and expanded in World War Two when ownership was transferred from the navy to the newly formed Air force, and expanded to include wharves for sea planes.
2139:"THE LAND OF TARA AND THEY WHO SELECTED IT. THE STORY OF THE OCCUPATION OF TE WHANGA-NUI-A-TARA (THE GREAT HARBOUR OF TARA) OR PORT NICHOLSON, BY THE MAORI. PART III. (Continued)"
362:, and the inner city, lie to the west. To the east a narrow stretch of water connects Wellington Harbour with Cook Strait and the open sea; beyond this channel are the scrubby
183:
2578:"The magnificent Overton block, Miramar estate : being part of sections nos. 2, 4 & 6 Watt's Peninsula, Port Nicholson Survey District / E. Holroyd Beere, surveyor"
2527:"The magnificent Overton block, Miramar estate : being part of sections nos. 2, 4 & 6 Watt's Peninsula, Port Nicholson Survey District / E. Holroyd Beere, surveyor"
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largely redundant, because an enemy could carry out aerial attacks, using planes launched from aircraft carriers well beyond the range of even the largest shore-based guns.
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pa is recorded on the map by McLeod and on plans by Crawford as being in Kilbirnie but this may be a mistake, as Tapu-te-Ranga is a name for the motu in island bay
1431:
781:
name for the area when it was still an island was Te Motu Kairangi (meaning "esteemed" or "precious" island). The island was separated from the main island (
500:(1856 - 1925) sits on a headland at Point Halswell, at the northern tip of the peninsula. It can be accessed from Massey Road, along a short walking track.
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and Kilbirnie. A tunnel for pedestrians and cyclists runs on a west–east axis beneath the runway, from Miro Street in Miramar to Coutts Street in Rongotai.
108:
1956:
https://www.linz.govt.nz/system/files_force/media/archaeologicalassessment_-_2020_arch_assessment_-_motu_kairangi_-_andy_dodd_updated_2021.pdf?download=1
675:. A cycle path runs from Miramar to the central city, starting at Burnham Wharf and continuing along Cobham Drive, Evans Bay Parade and Oriental Parade.
2832:
1914:
Stream or Discharge: Using the Hydrosocial Cycle to Explore the Meanings of the Waimapihi Stream in Te Whanganui-a-Tara-Wellington, Aotearoa-New Zealand
2755:
621:
reminder of the technology used in the coastal defence network of the 1880s and it is an early example of the use of concrete as a building material.
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Ngai Tahu lived in the peninsula on their long multi-generation migration southwards. They occupied pa already built as well as building their own.
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and several cabinet ministers helped to carry in the furniture of Wellington bus conductor David McGregor and his wife Mary on 18 September 1937.
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64:
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Archaeological Assessment. MOTU KAIRANGI Miramar Peninsula. Prepared for Wellington City Council & Toiru Te Whenua Land Information NZ.
1219:
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Ngai Tara were the first to settle on the island, and built the first pā, named "Whetu Kairangi" (bountiful stars) on the hill overlooking
1160:
1079:
In the first years of the 20th century Miramar was still within "Hutt County" (which encompassed the whole Wellington region south of the
659:
Cobham Drive is the main road connecting Miramar with the rest of Wellington city. It runs around the north end of Wellington Airport, at
3024:
663:. Buses run frequently between Miramar and the city, and the harbour ferry connects with places around Wellington Harbour: Queens Wharf,
537:
533:
1527:
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In the 1880s the "Russian Scare" was gripping the nation, with people fearing an invasion by Russia. New Zealand embarked on building
2031:
928:
Pa, a fortified village of Ngāti Ira near the Poti stream at Tarakena Bay (attacked and burned along with Rangitatau Pa in 1819–1820)
963:
Kainga is mentioned on McLeod's map but is believed by later historians to be mistaken for a place of the same name in Island Bay.
2983:
2244:
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and an artificial lake. The park ran into financial troubles in 1910 and was sold to new owners, then shut permanently in 1912.
2857:
1059:
512:, founder of the Republic of Turkey, statesman and general, who led Turkish troops in action against New Zealand soldiers at
602:
become the site of a major residential development, but the project was cancelled in September 2023, and the land sold to
709:
2182:
Hector McLeod & Co :Miramar or Whatai... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
2178:"Hector McLeod & Co :Miramar or Whataitai (Hataitai) in Maori times. No 3. Miramar series. 1907. [Postcard]"
2019:
857:
With the water channel in the east gone following the earthquake more fortifications and defensive pa were needed. Many
3019:
2858:"Ira St Former Brickworks Wall - Wellington Heritage - Absolutely Positively Wellington City Council Me Heke Ki Poneke"
703:
has based his film production empire in Miramar, with studios, sound stages, and pre- and post-production facilities.
2938:
Demolition of wooden house in Rongota... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
2811:
Wonderland amusement park, Miramar, W... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
2582:
The magnificent Overton block, Mirama... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
2085:"[Crawford, James Coutts] 1817-1889 :Burnham water & Glendavar - Port Nicholson N.Z. [ca 1847?]"
1839:"[Crawford, James Coutts] 1817-1889 :Hataitai Peninsula, Wellington, N. Z. [Between 1840 and 1845?]"
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46:
1968:
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1895:
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Rongotai aerodrome opened in 1929. This was in approximately the same location as Burger King Miramar is today.
1754:
2628:"The Wellington Independent Saturday, October 2, 1847. , the Wellington Independent Saturday, October 2, 1847"
1553:
2367:
Adkin, Leslie, The great harbour of Tara, (1959). p 74; Best, Pt 6 p 174; Best, E, Miramar and its history'
1109:
Wonderland amusement park opened in Miramar in 1907. It included a Japanese Tea-House, distorting mirrors, a
985:
hens, which he received with so much indifference as gave me little hopes he would take proper care of them.
833:. Other iwi who may have dwelt here include Waitaha, Ngati Mamoe, Ngati Kuia, Ngati Kuru, and Ngati Mutunga.
2500:
1578:
635:
315:
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2679:
1755:"Seatoun Tunnel - Wellington Heritage - Absolutely Positively Wellington City Council Me Heke Ki Poneke"
2780:
2243:
New Zealand Heritage List / Rārangi Kōrero - Report for a Wāhi Tapu Area - Rangitatau (List no. 9648)
1659:
1506:
Gallows at Mount Crawford | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
1806:"Best, Elsdon, (1856–9 Sept. 1931), FNZ Inst; Ethnographer Dominion Museum, Wellington, New Zealand"
1297:
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Henry Maynard Christie recorded in 1899 that the burned totara palisades were still in the ground.
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363:
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Whaitaitai beached as he tried to escape the confines of the harbour. It contains the suburbs of
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2112:
1704:"Taranaki Whānui iwi members occupy land in Wellington, vowing to stop Mt Crawford development"
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347:
206:
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2477:"[Crawford, James Coutts] 1817-1889 :Tunnel Hataitai Peninsula 1846 Wellington, N. Z."
1314:...preliminary consent for the construction of a wharf near the Miramar cutting in Evans Bay.
809:(Kupe's penis) or Te Aroaro-o-Kupe (Kupe's presence). The area was home in turn to Ngai Tara,
2245:
http://pnrp.gw.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/S94-Rangitatau-Registration-Report-Hearing-Evidence.pdf
1154:
1110:
896:
on the western hill below Mount Crawford was originally built by Ngāti Kaitangata (a hapu of
715:
2232:
1994:
916:
Pa (the place of the small pit) built by Te Rerewa of Rangitane on the ridge at point Dorset
865:(homes/dwellings) existed over many centuries with many changes, and include the following
532:
in bush above Tarakena Bay, near the Atatürk Memorial. In pre-European times, people of the
2480:
1817-1889 :T... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
2089:
1817-1889 :B... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
1843:
1817-1889 :H... | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
1817:
851:
411:
359:
292:
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41:
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2261:
Taputeranga Pā | Items | National Library of New Zealand | National Library of New Zealand
1805:
367:
8:
2424:
2057:
Crawford, James Coutts; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
1993:
Crawford, James Coutts; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
1089:
1021:
841:
339:
934:
Pa on the hill about the stream flowing into Scorching Bay on the ridge above Karaka Bay
2158:
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331:
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1782:. Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) - Toitū te whenua. 3 August 2010. Archived from
907:
900:) under their chief Tuahitiri and later occupied by Ngai Tahu under their chief TioTio
814:
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raiders attacked and sacked the pa, and killed, enslaved or drove off its inhabitants.
379:
2958:
2704:
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2058:
2020:
https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Tur02Nort-t1-g1-g2-g1-g7-t53-g1-t2.html
1193:
in its current location was opened on 24 October 1959, replacing Rongotai Aerodrome.
287:, in Wellington's eastern suburbs. According to Māori legend, it was formed when the
211:
2729:
2653:
2315:
1864:
778:
335:
28:
1918:
1813:
1456:
1432:"Shelly Bay sale to Peter Jackson and Fran Walsh bittersweet for mayor Tory Whanau"
1174:
910:
on the narrow part of Rongotai Ridge near the Wellington sign/Miramar cutting today
688:
2231:
Wellington City Council - Discover Wellington’s Town Belt, reserves and walkways
1939:
1285:
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517:
491:
419:
300:
239:
2388:
Christie, H, 'Rangitatau Pa,' in Journal of the Polynesian Society Vol 52, 1943
1912:
1083:, excluding Wellington City). The rates levied by the county in 1902 rose from
1080:
497:
378:, or southwest across Cook Strait, to the high peaks of the Inland and Seaward
375:
1923:
1050:
New Zealand's first permanent racecourse was created in 1847 in Miramar: The
785:) by a sea channel called Te Awa-a-Taia (the channel of Taia); this was where
3008:
2154:
2018:
Maori Deeds of Land Purchases in the North Island of New Zealand: Volume Two
1064:
704:
700:
634:
and four men were hanged there, all in the 1930s. The prison closed in 2012.
615:
603:
577:
123:
110:
2083:
Crawford, James Coutts; Crawford, Henry Nevay (Brigadier) (1 January 1840).
830:
797:
The island of Te Motu Kairangi was first settled as long ago as 950 AD when
478:
Its runway runs north–south along the western side, separating Miramar from
1150:
806:
782:
449:
448:, an inter-island ferry, foundered on Barrett Reef and later capsized near
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320:
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1678:"Land on old Wellington prison site 'too sacred' for housing - Mau Whenua"
1501:
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826:
818:
810:
548:
508:
A plinth on a cliff overlooking Tarakena Bay and Cook Strait commemorates
2526:
1730:"Drilling at Miramar's Mt Crawford raises concern among some iwi members"
391:
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343:
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197:
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is now. The peninsula area later became known as Hataitai or Whataitai.
544:
2756:"Cash set aside to clean up former Miramar Gasworks has not been spent"
1240:
1103:
837:
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442:
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1635:"Up to 300 affordable new homes proposed for surplus Mt Crawford land"
1025:
hills were "chiefly clothed with the common fern mixed with flax" and:
370:. From the peninsula's high points, an observer can look north to the
1138:
Miramar Borough amalgamated with Wellington City on 31 January 1921.
660:
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431:
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2833:"150 Years of News: Wonderland in Miramar thrills Wellington crowds"
862:
1606:"Disused prison now a 'destruction derby' venue and dumping ground"
1005:
The land of Miramar was held by Te Āti Awa 20 years later when the
664:
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lived here, using the site for fishing in Cook Strait. In 1819–20,
479:
355:
1020:
arrived in Wellington in 1839 and purchased five land orders from
2678:
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
2449:
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
2398:
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
1863:
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.
1780:"Te Motu Kairangi / Miramar Peninsula Place Name Proposal Report"
802:
631:
423:
415:
404:
296:
288:
243:
235:
2176:
Webster, Kenneth Athol; McLeod, Hector Norman (1 January 1907).
1457:"Fort Ballance (including associated positions at Fort Gordon)"
668:
1164:
Looking over Seatoun towards Te Ure o Kupe rock - circa 1938-9
426:, and narrow strips of houses along the coast at Breaker Bay,
2984:"Miramar Peninsula residents celebrate elimination of pests"
2934:"Demolition of wooden house in Rongotai Terrace, Wellington"
858:
906:
Pa, a stockaded village built by Ngāti Hinepare, a hapu of
798:
407:, both of which are mainly covered in residential housing.
2221:. Wright and Carman Ltd, Trentham New Zealand. p. 11.
1354:"Flashback: 105 years since Miramar Cutting was excavated"
745:
Map of Miramar Peninsula as drawn by Hector McLeod in 1907
441:
lie close to the shore of the peninsula. On 10 April 1968
410:
The peninsula is largely urbanized, with large suburbs of
2233:
https://wellington.govt.nz/~/media/maps/files/eastern.pdf
993:
540:
330:
resembles the shape of a shark. Northwards, it juts into
385:
872:
Pa (built by Ngāti Ira) overlooking modern day Awa Road
805:, and a large rock near the shore still bears the name
792:
707:, involved in many movies directed by Jackson, such as
2576:
Beere, E. Holyroyd (Edward Holroyd) (1 January 1897).
2525:
Beere, E. Holyroyd (Edward Holroyd) (1 January 1897).
1660:"Frequently Asked Questions - Mt Crawford Opportunity"
687:, a semi-professional football club, founded in 1907;
452:, a pinnacle just off Seatoun. 53 people were killed.
2316:"Search the List | Rangitatau | Heritage New Zealand"
1917:(Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington Library.
2107:
2105:
1528:"CuriousCity: Behind the walls of Wellington Prison"
437:
At the entrance to Wellington Harbour, the rocks of
2371:vol 54; Crawford, JC, Notes on miramar Peninsula,
1728:Crossland, Jack; Campbell, Georgina (8 July 2021).
1430:Chin, Frances; Armah, Mildred (1 September 2023).
884:(Te Mahanga Pa) near Kau Bay and above Mahanga Bay
2206:. New Zealand: Whitcombe & Tombs. p. 26.
2102:
1727:
3006:
2807:"Wonderland amusement park, Miramar, Wellington"
2219:Miramar Peninsula: A historical and social study
2082:
1941:Miramar Peninsula: A Historical and Social Study
1897:Miramar Peninsula: A historical and social study
283:, New Zealand. It is located at the entrance to
2805:park), Wonderland (Amusement (1 January 1907).
890:, a kainga in the small bay north of Shelly Bay
342:, the Great Harbour of Tara). To the south are
801:the explorer arrived. Kupe first landed near
581:'Wellington Blown Away' sign near the Cutting.
2338:
2336:
2175:
1149:New Zealand's first state house was built at
1100:Miramar Gas Works open in 1907(closed 1972)
844:" (harbour of Tara) was also named for Tara.
1889:
1887:
1885:
1812:, Oxford University Press, 1 December 2007,
757:Landing chart for Rongotai Aerodrome in 1954
346:and the South Pacific Ocean. The suburbs of
1125:The chute, Wonderland, Miramar. New Zealand
861:(a village, sometimes also a fortress) and
319:View of Miramar Peninsula from the peak of
2830:
2333:
2056:
1992:
334:(formerly known as Port Nicholson, and in
2931:
2475:Crawford, James Coutts (1 January 1846).
1937:
1922:
1893:
1882:
1837:Crawford, James Coutts (1 January 1840).
1499:
1429:
922:, a kainga at Eve Bay west of Breaker Bay
71:
49:in centre, with Miramar Peninsula beyond.
2474:
2216:
1969:"Maori history link to megathrust quake"
1836:
1220:"Wellington's early Māori heritage >"
1159:
1120:
1039:) and kept them in the lake as a store.
683:The peninsula has several sports clubs:
576:
314:
279:on the southeastern side of the city of
1551:
1379:"Wellywood sign 'Blown Away' by public"
496:The marble mausoleum of Prime Minister
382:, which are often snowbound in winter.
3007:
2753:
1910:
1701:
1632:
994:Musket wars and the Fall of Rangitatau
2804:
2575:
2524:
2201:
2143:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
1628:
1626:
678:
528:Site of a Māori kainga (village) and
386:Physical description of the peninsula
2552:"SUB-DIVISION OF THE MIRAMAR ESTATE"
2379:pp 38-40 ; NZAA N164/3 (R27/55)
2136:
2032:"A sneaky peek at Miramar's history"
1966:
1818:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u206057
1675:
1554:"Old prison reaches its use-by date"
1525:
1351:
850:Around 1460 AD an earthquake named "
793:Kupe and Centuries of Tangata Whenua
464:
273:Te Motu Kairangi / Miramar Peninsula
22:Te Motu Kairangi / Miramar Peninsula
16:Land in Wellington city, New Zealand
1603:
1405:"Finally, Wellington gets the sign"
13:
3025:Landforms of the Wellington Region
2781:"Miramar Gasworks Tramway History"
2722:
2677:
2448:
2397:
1894:Struthers, John (1 January 1975).
1862:
1633:George, Damian (31 January 2019).
1623:
1074:
878:on the east side of Point Halswell
840:. The name of Wellington Harbour "
654:
143:21.2 km (8.2 sq mi)
14:
3041:
2932:specified, Not (1 January 1955).
2862:www.wellingtoncityheritage.org.nz
1759:www.wellingtoncityheritage.org.nz
1604:Tso, Matthew (29 November 2021).
1552:Francis, Clio (29 October 2012).
1500:specified, Not (1 January 1950).
967:
366:hills, and the high and forested
2705:"Seatoun Road Board, Rate books"
762:
750:
738:
694:
474:Wellington International Airport
70:
63:
40:
2976:
2951:
2925:
2900:
2875:
2850:
2831:O'Neil, Andrea (14 June 2015).
2824:
2798:
2773:
2754:Thomas, Rachel (21 June 2016).
2747:
2730:"Miramar Amalgamation Souvenir"
2697:
2671:
2646:
2620:
2595:
2569:
2544:
2518:
2493:
2468:
2442:
2417:
2391:
2382:
2361:
2308:
2299:
2274:
2249:
2237:
2225:
2210:
2195:
2169:
2130:
2076:
2050:
2024:
2012:
1986:
1960:
1948:
1931:
1904:
1856:
1830:
1798:
1772:
1747:
1721:
1695:
1669:
1652:
1597:
1571:
1545:
1519:
1493:
1467:
1449:
1423:
1352:Hunt, Tom (10 September 2015).
1196:
2908:"ATL: Unpublished Collections"
2425:"ATL: Unpublished Collections"
2282:"ATL: Unpublished Collections"
1702:George, Damian (9 July 2021).
1676:Lock, Harry (7 October 2020).
1397:
1371:
1345:
1319:
1290:
1273:
1261:. Wcl.govt.nz. 9 December 2002
1251:
1234:
1212:
1:
2680:"The break-up of Hutt County"
1967:Daly, Michael (19 May 2015).
1205:
2654:"'The Russians are coming!'"
1579:"Wellington prison to close"
953:, a kainga of Ngai Tara and
310:
7:
2634:. 2 October 1847. p. 2
1502:"Gallows at Mount Crawford"
469:Notable landmarks include:
167:19.8 km (12.3 mi)
32:
10:
3046:
2369:Transactions NZ Institute,
1012:
728:
573:Wellington Blown Away sign
455:
159:2.5 km (1.55 mi)
3020:Peninsulas of New Zealand
2963:Wellington City Libraries
2734:Wellington City Libraries
2607:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
2556:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
2373:Transactions NZ Institute
2204:The great harbour of Tara
1924:10.26686/wgtn.17148407.v1
1526:Hunt, Tom (15 May 2016).
1245:October 15, 2008, at the
262:
254:
249:
227:
217:
205:
194:
189:
179:
171:
163:
155:
147:
139:
102:
97:
89:
58:
54:
39:
26:
2451:"Crawford, James Coutts"
2400:"Crawford, James Coutts"
2202:Adkin, Leslie G (1959).
1938:Struthers, John (1975).
1181:
1168:
1144:
1133:
1116:
1095:
769:LINZ Map of Miramar 1959
266:907/km (2349/sq mi)
175:163 m (535 ft)
2217:Struther, John (1975).
2036:Wellington City Council
1911:McLean, Sylvie (2020).
1022:The New Zealand Company
151:7 km (4.3 mi)
2959:"Wellington Aerodrome"
2632:Wellington Independent
1284:March 9, 2012, at the
1165:
1126:
1052:Wellington Independent
1032:
991:
725:, is also in Miramar.
582:
323:
172:Highest elevation
93:Spanish for "sea view"
2785:www.marklin-users.net
2137:Best, Elsdon (1918).
1173:In the 1940s and the
1163:
1155:Michael Joseph Savage
1124:
1027:
1018:James Coutts Crawford
975:
710:The Lord of the Rings
580:
510:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
318:
2912:tiaki.natlib.govt.nz
2603:"THE MIRAMAR ESTATE"
2505:atojs.natlib.govt.nz
2429:tiaki.natlib.govt.nz
2286:tiaki.natlib.govt.nz
1995:"Te Rotokura lagoon"
1461:Heritage New Zealand
1151:7 Fife Lane Miramar.
1009:was signed in 1840.
957:was above Worser Bay
673:Matiu / Somes Island
594:Shelly Bay buildings
525:Rangitatau and Poito
2883:"First State House"
2320:www.heritage.org.nz
2305:Elsdon Best, page 6
2113:"mataki-kai-poinga"
2038:. 16 September 2020
1475:"Prisons programme"
1090:New Zealand Gazette
597:From 1885 to 1995,
340:Te Whanganui-a-Tara
120: /
23:
3030:Wellington Harbour
1786:on 6 February 2012
1385:. 21 November 2011
1327:"Works at Miramar"
1304:. 30 November 1899
1191:Wellington Airport
1166:
1127:
1007:Treaty of Waitangi
679:Civic associations
626:Mt Crawford Prison
583:
368:Ōrongorongo Ranges
332:Wellington Harbour
324:
285:Wellington Harbour
180:Highest point
124:41.320°S 174.823°E
47:Wellington Airport
21:
2887:nzhistory.govt.nz
2658:nzhistory.govt.nz
2375:vol 45, McEwen,
2149:(2(106)): 49–71.
1865:"Eastern suburbs"
1481:. 28 October 1929
1035:from Heretaunga (
978:November 2, 1773.
951:Te Whetu-kairangi
894:Mataki-kai-poinga
876:Kau-whakaara-waru
465:Notable landmarks
398:, Scorching Bay,
270:
269:
212:Wellington Region
78:Miramar Peninsula
3037:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2854:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2843:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2751:
2745:
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2726:
2720:
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2715:
2701:
2695:
2694:
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2669:
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2650:
2644:
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2639:
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2562:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2501:"Miramar Estate"
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2446:
2440:
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2278:
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2267:
2257:"Taputeranga Pā"
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2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
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1935:
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1316:
1311:
1309:
1302:New Zealand Mail
1294:
1288:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1255:
1249:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1216:
1175:Second World War
1067:in 1885, and at
908:Ngāti Kahungnunu
842:Whanganui-a-Tara
815:Ngati Kahungungu
766:
754:
742:
505:Atatürk Memorial
326:From above, the
135:
134:
132:
131:
130:
129:-41.320; 174.823
125:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
74:
73:
67:
44:
33:Te Motu Kairangi
24:
20:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3015:Wellington City
3005:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2992:
2990:
2982:
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2967:
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2957:
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2774:
2764:
2762:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2709:Archives Online
2703:
2702:
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2350:
2348:www.wcl.govt.nz
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2215:
2211:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2174:
2170:
2135:
2131:
2121:
2119:
2117:www.wcl.govt.nz
2111:
2110:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2001:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1936:
1932:
1909:
1905:
1892:
1883:
1873:
1871:
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1857:
1847:
1845:
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1831:
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1787:
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1773:
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1598:
1588:
1586:
1585:. 22 March 2012
1577:
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1325:
1324:
1320:
1307:
1305:
1298:"Harbour Board"
1296:
1295:
1291:
1286:Wayback Machine
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1247:Wayback Machine
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1199:
1184:
1171:
1153:Prime Minister
1147:
1136:
1119:
1098:
1077:
1075:Miramar Borough
1015:
996:
970:
795:
775:
774:
773:
770:
767:
758:
755:
746:
743:
731:
697:
685:Miramar Rangers
681:
657:
655:Transport links
556:Eastern Walkway
518:First World War
492:Massey Memorial
467:
458:
388:
380:Kaikōura Ranges
313:
301:Strathmore Park
201:
128:
126:
122:
119:
114:
111:
109:
107:
106:
85:
84:
83:
82:
81:
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50:
35:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2594:
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2298:
2273:
2248:
2236:
2224:
2209:
2194:
2168:
2129:
2101:
2075:
2049:
2023:
2011:
1985:
1959:
1947:
1930:
1903:
1881:
1855:
1829:
1797:
1771:
1746:
1720:
1694:
1668:
1651:
1622:
1596:
1570:
1544:
1518:
1492:
1466:
1448:
1422:
1411:. 27 July 2012
1396:
1370:
1344:
1333:. 23 July 1909
1318:
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1210:
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1198:
1195:
1183:
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1146:
1143:
1135:
1132:
1118:
1115:
1111:helter-skelter
1097:
1094:
1081:Waikanae river
1076:
1073:
1060:fortifications
1014:
1011:
995:
992:
969:
968:Pākehā arrival
966:
965:
964:
958:
948:
942:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
901:
891:
885:
879:
873:
870:Kakariki-hutia
794:
791:
772:
771:
768:
761:
759:
756:
749:
747:
744:
737:
734:
733:
732:
730:
727:
713:film trilogy,
699:Film director
696:
693:
680:
677:
656:
653:
652:
651:
647:
645:Seatoun Tunnel
641:
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190:Administration
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184:Mount Crawford
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