60:
1308:, then to calculate the change in employment from one period to the next we must add the formation of new matches and subtract off the separation of old matches. A period may be treated as a week, a month, a quarter, or some other convenient period of time, depending on the data under consideration. (For simplicity, we are ignoring the entry of new workers into the labor force, and the death or retirement of old workers, but these issues can be accounted for as well.) Suppose we write the number of workers employed in period
819:
831:
1247:. However, whereas a production function usually represents the production of goods and services from inputs like labor and capital, a matching function represents the formation of new relationships from the pools of available unmatched individuals. Estimates of the labor market matching function suggest that it has
905:
outcome when one or more types of searchers interact. It offers a way of modeling markets in which frictions prevent instantaneous adjustments of the level of economic activity. Among other applications, it has been used as a framework for studying
1566:
as a fixed constant. But the fraction of workers separating per period of time can be determined endogenously if we assume that the value of being matched varies over time for each worker-firm pair (due, for example, to changes in
1056:
1539:
1383:
1281:
1564:
1306:
1412:
1238:
1205:
1154:
3029:
1081:
1438:
1328:
1176:
1125:
1103:
776:
1699:
Economic Prize
Committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 'The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2010'
861:
17:
945:
A matching function is a mathematical relationship that describes the formation of new relationships (also called 'matches') from unmatched
882:
is a mathematical framework attempting to describe the formation of mutually beneficial relationships over time. It is closely related to
2994:
2950:
959:
949:
of the appropriate types. For example, in the context of job formation, matching functions are sometimes assumed to have the following '
1446:
893:, where it has been used to describe the formation of new jobs. Search and matching theory evolved from an earlier framework called '
1602:, but some economists have recently questioned its quantitative accuracy. While unemployment exhibits large fluctuations over the
395:
171:
1683:
950:
854:
1933:
532:
380:
1755:
Mortensen, Dale; Pissarides, Christopher (1994). "Job creation and job destruction in the theory of unemployment".
473:
3024:
847:
2432:
1610:
has demonstrated that standard versions of matching models predict much smaller fluctuations in unemployment.
2402:
2392:
2085:
1804:
578:
385:
2613:
2552:
2525:
1598:
Matching theory has been widely accepted as one of the best available descriptions of the frictions in the
1440:. Then given the matching function described above, the dynamics of employment over time would be given by
1333:
1211:
firms are trying to fill. The number of new relationships (matches) created (per unit of time) is given by
517:
505:
1286:
If the fraction of jobs that separate (due to firing, quits, and so forth) from one period to the next is
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2960:
2537:
2382:
2348:
2333:
2312:
2307:
407:
237:
161:
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2954:
2530:
2220:
2210:
1757:
527:
510:
390:
3019:
2100:
1796:
1248:
922:
412:
1892:
2984:
2930:
2673:
2628:
2467:
2338:
2215:
1848:
1698:
934:
601:
566:
402:
2688:
1254:
2638:
2472:
2462:
2452:
2442:
2180:
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2130:
2120:
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1645:
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1289:
918:
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2808:
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2125:
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1887:
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1214:
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1130:
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1064:
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144:
122:
117:
31:
2989:
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2437:
2407:
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2200:
2165:
2105:
2070:
2005:
1640:
1421:
1311:
1159:
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1086:
561:
375:
220:
1950:
8:
2919:
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2547:
2447:
2427:
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2225:
2150:
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1244:
1208:
771:
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186:
149:
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2020:
608:
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2708:
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2145:
2135:
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450:
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2195:
2185:
2055:
1839:
1679:
946:
914:
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743:
588:
583:
307:
232:
2763:
1825:
658:
2888:
2833:
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2718:
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2240:
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1983:
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1813:
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109:
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1963:
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302:
274:
134:
1711:
2913:
2898:
2863:
2848:
2828:
2798:
2618:
2269:
1990:
1958:
1843:
1603:
1156:
represents the number of unemployed job seekers in the economy at a given time
793:
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703:
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210:
166:
84:
59:
51:
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628:
3013:
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156:
2908:
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2503:
2028:
1968:
1878:(2005). "The cyclical behavior of equilibrium unemployment and vacancies".
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1568:
901:
decision of an individual searcher, search and matching theory studies the
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312:
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269:
227:
104:
99:
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2873:
2663:
2542:
2486:
1973:
1730:
1415:
753:
264:
249:
1583:
Formation of jobs, from unemployed workers and vacancies opened by firms
2793:
2593:
2370:
1861:
1778:
1738:
1579:
Matching theory has been applied in many economic contexts, including:
683:
613:
549:
500:
2643:
2573:
1942:
875:
781:
623:
254:
139:
94:
1770:
1589:
The role of money in facilitating sales when sellers and buyers meet
921:. A textbook treatment of the matching approach to labor markets is
2422:
1051:{\displaystyle m_{t}\;=\;M(u_{t},v_{t})\;=\;\mu u_{t}^{a}v_{t}^{b}}
1534:{\displaystyle n_{t+1}\;=\mu u_{t}^{a}v_{t}^{b}+(1-\delta )n_{t}}
1712:"Looking into the black box: a survey of the matching function"
937:
for 'fundamental contributions to search and matching theory'.
830:
889:
Search and matching theory has been especially influential in
1846:(1993). "A search-theoretic approach to monetary economics".
422:
198:
1911:
1797:"Liquidity flows and the fragility of business enterprises"
1710:
Petrongolo, Barbara; Pissarides, Christopher (2001).
1550:
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1314:
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1257:
1217:
1184:
1162:
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1111:
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1067:
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913:
One of the founders of search and matching theory is
1709:
1754:
1558:
1533:
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1406:
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1300:
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1232:
1199:
1170:
1148:
1119:
1097:
1075:
1050:
3030:Mathematical and quantitative methods (economics)
1243:A matching function is in general analogous to a
3011:
1791:
1586:Allocation of loans from banks to entrepreneurs
1838:
1927:
855:
1934:
1920:
1673:
1466:
1127:are positive constants. In this equation,
1014:
1010:
977:
973:
929:. Mortensen and Pissarides, together with
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1112:
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1090:
1072:
1068:
940:
1669:
1667:
14:
3012:
1874:
1750:
1748:
172:Measures of national income and output
1915:
1795:; Ramey, Garey; Watson, Joel (2003).
1378:{\displaystyle \,n_{t}=L_{t}-u_{t}\,}
1664:
1745:
1544:For simplicity, many studies treat
897:'. Where search theory studies the
27:Mathematical framework in economics
24:
25:
3041:
2457:neoclassical–Keynesian synthesis
1674:Pissarides, Christopher (2000).
829:
817:
58:
18:Matching theory (macroeconomics)
1676:Equilibrium Unemployment Theory
1574:
927:Equilibrium Unemployment Theory
34:approach in applied statistics.
1868:
1832:
1785:
1719:Journal of Economic Literature
1703:
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1518:
1506:
1007:
981:
777:Publications in macroeconomics
13:
1:
2393:Critique of political economy
1941:
1818:10.1016/S0304-3932(03)00077-1
1805:Journal of Monetary Economics
1657:
1276:{\displaystyle a+b\approx 1}
30:Not to be confused with the
7:
1678:(2nd ed.). MIT Press.
1613:
1559:{\displaystyle \,\delta \,}
1301:{\displaystyle \,\delta \,}
10:
3046:
2531:Real business-cycle theory
1758:Review of Economic Studies
880:search and matching theory
528:New neoclassical synthesis
511:Real business-cycle theory
29:
2971:
2929:
2571:
2305:
2054:
2019:
1949:
1407:{\displaystyle \,L_{t}\,}
1249:constant returns to scale
1233:{\displaystyle \,m_{t}\,}
1200:{\displaystyle \,v_{t}\,}
1149:{\displaystyle \,u_{t}\,}
923:Christopher A. Pissarides
1902:10.1257/0002828053828572
1880:American Economic Review
1849:American Economic Review
1076:{\displaystyle \,\mu \,}
935:Nobel Prize in Economics
933:, were awarded the 2010
533:Saltwater and freshwater
2171:Industrial organization
2001:Computational economics
1646:Matching (graph theory)
919:Northwestern University
908:frictional unemployment
461:International economics
386:Overlapping generations
3025:Microeconomic theories
2376:Modern monetary theory
2041:Experimental economics
2011:Pluralism in economics
1996:Mathematical economics
1560:
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1379:
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884:stable matching theory
804:Mathematical economics
555:Modern monetary theory
318:Universal basic income
1561:
1536:
1435:
1433:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
1409:
1380:
1325:
1323:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
1303:
1278:
1235:
1202:
1173:
1171:{\displaystyle \,t\,}
1151:
1122:
1120:{\displaystyle \,b\,}
1100:
1098:{\displaystyle \,a\,}
1078:
1053:
941:The matching function
644:Wesley Clair Mitchell
619:Thomas Robert Malthus
456:Development economics
2250:Social choice theory
2006:Behavioral economics
1731:10.1257/jel.39.2.390
1641:Nash bargaining game
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381:Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans
221:Liquidity preference
2334:American (National)
2034:Economic statistics
1502:
1487:
1245:production function
1047:
1032:
836:Business portal
772:Macroeconomic model
649:John Maynard Keynes
446:Economic statistics
391:General equilibrium
1840:Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro
1636:Monetary economics
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724:Edward C. Prescott
451:Monetary economics
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3006:
2538:New institutional
1685:978-0-262-16187-9
1207:is the number of
915:Dale T. Mortensen
872:
871:
799:Political economy
754:N. Gregory Mankiw
744:Thomas J. Sargent
589:Market monetarism
403:Endogenous growth
233:National accounts
16:(Redirected from
3037:
3020:Labour economics
2211:Natural resource
2046:Economic history
1984:Mechanism design
1936:
1929:
1922:
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1905:
1895:
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1829:
1812:(6): 1215–1241.
1801:
1793:Haan, Wouter den
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931:Peter A. Diamond
864:
857:
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834:
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824:Money portal
822:
821:
820:
734:William Nordhaus
719:Robert Lucas Jr.
609:François Quesnay
245:Nominal rigidity
216:Demand for money
194:Microfoundations
130:Financial crisis
110:Effective demand
80:Aggregate supply
75:Aggregate demand
62:
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21:
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3000:Business portal
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2689:von Böhm-Bawerk
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2339:Ancient thought
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2050:
2015:
1979:Contract theory
1964:Decision theory
1945:
1940:
1910:
1909:
1893:10.1.1.422.8639
1873:
1869:
1844:Wright, Randall
1837:
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1771:10.2307/2297896
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1626:Beveridge curve
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891:labor economics
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758:
739:Joseph Stiglitz
699:Milton Friedman
679:Friedrich Hayek
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413:Mundell–Fleming
408:Matching theory
346:Keynesian cross
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2403:Disequilibrium
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2013:
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1991:Macroeconomics
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1959:Microeconomics
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1916:
1908:
1907:
1876:Shimer, Robert
1867:
1831:
1784:
1765:(3): 397–415.
1744:
1725:(2): 390–431.
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1604:business cycle
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1505:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1428:
1400:
1396:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1318:
1296:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1226:
1222:
1193:
1189:
1166:
1142:
1138:
1115:
1093:
1071:
1059:
1058:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
983:
980:
976:
970:
966:
942:
939:
870:
869:
867:
866:
859:
852:
844:
841:
840:
839:
838:
826:
811:
810:
807:
806:
801:
796:
794:Microeconomics
791:
790:
789:
779:
774:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
757:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
709:Lawrence Klein
706:
704:Paul Samuelson
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
659:Michał Kalecki
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
605:
600:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:
586:
581:
579:Disequilibrium
576:
575:
574:
567:Post-Keynesian
564:
559:
558:
557:
547:
536:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
514:
513:
503:
498:
497:
496:
491:
477:
472:
471:
468:
467:
464:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
437:
435:Related fields
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
399:
398:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
361:Phillips curve
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
332:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
294:
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
241:
240:
230:
225:
224:
223:
213:
211:Money creation
208:
207:
206:
196:
191:
190:
189:
184:
179:
169:
167:Liquidity trap
164:
159:
154:
153:
152:
147:
137:
132:
127:
126:
125:
120:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
85:Business cycle
82:
77:
71:
69:Basic concepts
68:
67:
64:
63:
55:
54:
52:Macroeconomics
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3042:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2584:de Mandeville
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2526:New classical
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2482:Malthusianism
2480:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:Institutional
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2246:Public choice
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2221:Participation
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2181:Institutional
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2131:Expeditionary
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2121:Environmental
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1932:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1700:
1695:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1663:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1621:Search theory
1619:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1608:Robert Shimer
1605:
1601:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1570:
1552:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1426:
1417:
1398:
1394:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1339:
1316:
1294:
1284:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1191:
1187:
1164:
1140:
1136:
1113:
1091:
1069:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
985:
978:
974:
968:
964:
956:
955:
954:
952:
948:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
911:
909:
904:
903:macroeconomic
900:
899:microeconomic
896:
895:search theory
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
865:
860:
858:
853:
851:
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
832:
827:
825:
815:
814:
813:
812:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
763:
762:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
729:Peter Diamond
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
714:Edmund Phelps
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
689:Richard Stone
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
674:Joan Robinson
672:
670:
669:Simon Kuznets
667:
665:
664:Gunnar Myrdal
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
639:Irving Fisher
637:
635:
634:Knut Wicksell
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
603:
598:
597:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
573:
570:
569:
568:
565:
563:
560:
556:
553:
552:
551:
548:
546:
543:
542:
541:
540:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:New classical
504:
502:
499:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
485:
482:
481:
480:
475:
470:
469:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
438:
432:
431:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
397:
394:
393:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
327:
326:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
295:
289:
288:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
260:Shrinkflation
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
239:
236:
235:
234:
231:
229:
226:
222:
219:
218:
217:
214:
212:
209:
205:
202:
201:
200:
197:
195:
192:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
174:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
157:Interest rate
155:
151:
148:
146:
143:
142:
141:
138:
136:
133:
131:
128:
124:
121:
119:
116:
115:
114:Expectations
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
72:
66:
65:
61:
57:
56:
53:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
2995:Publications
2951:Publications
2918:
2514:Neoclassical
2504:Mercantilism
2413:Evolutionary
2275:Sociological
2248: /
2146:Geographical
2126:Evolutionary
2101:Digitization
2066:Agricultural
2029:Econometrics
1969:Price theory
1886:(1): 25–49.
1883:
1879:
1870:
1856:(1): 63–77.
1853:
1847:
1834:
1809:
1803:
1787:
1762:
1756:
1722:
1718:
1705:
1694:
1675:
1600:labor market
1597:
1578:
1575:Applications
1569:productivity
1543:
1285:
1242:
1060:
951:Cobb–Douglas
944:
926:
912:
888:
879:
873:
749:Paul Krugman
694:Hyman Minsky
654:Alvin Hansen
538:
537:
478:
441:Econometrics
418:Overshooting
371:Harrod–Domar
366:Arrow–Debreu
313:Central bank
280:Unemployment
270:Supply shock
228:Money supply
105:Disinflation
100:Demand shock
36:
2789:von Neumann
2558:Supply-side
2543:Physiocracy
2487:Marginalism
2176:Information
2116:Engineering
2096:Development
2091:Demographic
1974:Game theory
1951:Theoretical
1594:Controversy
1416:labor force
1251:, that is,
1209:vacant jobs
629:LĂ©on Walras
523:Supply-side
356:Accelerator
265:Stagflation
250:Price level
145:Demand-pull
3014:Categories
2946:Economists
2819:Schumacher
2724:Schumpeter
2694:von Wieser
2614:von ThĂĽnen
2574:Economists
2473:Circuitism
2438:Humanistic
2433:Historical
2408:Ecological
2398:Democratic
2371:Chartalism
2361:Behavioral
2324:Mainstream
2285:Statistics
2280:Solidarity
2201:Managerial
2166:Humanistic
2161:Historical
2106:Ecological
2071:Behavioral
1658:References
1418:in period
684:John Hicks
614:Adam Smith
572:Circuitism
562:Ecological
550:Chartalism
501:Monetarism
479:Mainstream
376:Solow–Swan
351:Multiplier
308:Commercial
204:Endogenous
162:Investment
2864:Greenspan
2829:Samuelson
2809:Galbraith
2779:Tinbergen
2719:von Mises
2714:Heckscher
2674:Edgeworth
2553:Stockholm
2548:Socialist
2448:Keynesian
2428:Happiness
2388:Classical
2349:Mutualism
2344:Anarchist
2329:Heterodox
2226:Personnel
2186:Knowledge
2151:Happiness
2141:Financial
2111:Education
2086:Democracy
2021:Empirical
1943:Economics
1888:CiteSeerX
1553:δ
1516:δ
1513:−
1471:μ
1362:−
1295:δ
1268:≈
1070:μ
1016:μ
876:economics
782:Economics
624:Karl Marx
539:Heterodox
518:Stockholm
484:Keynesian
255:Recession
150:Cost-push
140:Inflation
95:Deflation
2975:Category
2955:journals
2941:Glossary
2894:Stiglitz
2859:Rothbard
2839:Buchanan
2824:Friedman
2814:Koopmans
2804:Leontief
2784:Robinson
2669:Marshall
2519:Lausanne
2423:Georgism
2418:Feminist
2366:Buddhist
2356:Austrian
2255:Regional
2231:Planning
2206:Monetary
2136:Feminist
2081:Cultural
2076:Business
1826:10864047
1614:See also
1385:, where
953:' form:
766:See also
545:Austrian
303:Monetary
292:Policies
123:Rational
118:Adaptive
44:a series
42:Part of
32:matching
2990:Outline
2961:Schools
2953: (
2914:Piketty
2909:Krugman
2774:Kuznets
2764:Kalecki
2739:Polanyi
2629:Cournot
2624:Bastiat
2609:Ricardo
2599:Malthus
2589:Quesnay
2492:Marxian
2383:Chicago
2313:history
2308:Schools
2295:Welfare
2265:Service
2056:Applied
1862:2117496
1779:2297896
1739:2698244
1414:is the
925:' book
787:Applied
584:Marxian
474:Schools
2899:Thaler
2879:Ostrom
2874:Becker
2869:Sowell
2849:Baumol
2754:Myrdal
2749:Sraffa
2744:Frisch
2734:Knight
2729:Keynes
2704:Fisher
2699:Veblen
2684:Pareto
2664:Menger
2659:George
2654:Jevons
2649:Walras
2639:Gossen
2563:Thermo
2241:Public
2236:Policy
2191:Labour
2156:Health
1890:
1860:
1824:
1777:
1737:
1682:
1178:, and
1105:, and
1061:where
947:agents
602:People
330:Models
298:Fiscal
275:Saving
135:Growth
2985:Lists
2980:Index
2931:Lists
2904:Hoppe
2889:Lucas
2854:Solow
2844:Arrow
2834:Simon
2799:Lange
2794:Hicks
2769:Röpke
2759:Hayek
2709:Pigou
2679:Clark
2594:Smith
2509:Mixed
2468:Post-
2290:Urban
2270:Socio
2260:Rural
1858:JSTOR
1822:S2CID
1800:(PDF)
1775:JSTOR
1735:JSTOR
1715:(PDF)
423:NAIRU
341:AD–AS
336:IS–LM
199:Money
2920:more
2644:Marx
2634:Mill
2619:List
2497:Neo-
2453:Neo-
1680:ISBN
489:Neo-
396:DSGE
90:CAGR
2884:Sen
2604:Say
2463:New
2196:Law
1898:doi
1814:doi
1767:doi
1727:doi
1571:).
1330:as
917:of
886:.
874:In
494:New
238:SNA
187:NNI
182:GNI
177:GDP
3016::
1896:.
1884:95
1882:.
1854:83
1852:.
1842:;
1820:.
1810:50
1808:.
1802:.
1773:.
1763:61
1761:.
1747:^
1733:.
1723:39
1721:.
1717:.
1666:^
1606:,
1283:.
1240:.
1083:,
910:.
878:,
46:on
2957:)
2459:)
2455:(
2315:)
2311:(
1935:e
1928:t
1921:v
1904:.
1900::
1864:.
1828:.
1816::
1781:.
1769::
1741:.
1729::
1688:.
1527:t
1523:n
1519:)
1510:1
1507:(
1504:+
1499:b
1494:t
1490:v
1484:a
1479:t
1475:u
1468:=
1462:1
1459:+
1456:t
1452:n
1427:t
1399:t
1395:L
1370:t
1366:u
1357:t
1353:L
1349:=
1344:t
1340:n
1317:t
1271:1
1265:b
1262:+
1259:a
1225:t
1221:m
1192:t
1188:v
1165:t
1141:t
1137:u
1114:b
1092:a
1044:b
1039:t
1035:v
1029:a
1024:t
1020:u
1012:=
1008:)
1003:t
999:v
995:,
990:t
986:u
982:(
979:M
975:=
969:t
965:m
863:e
856:t
849:v
20:)
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