485:(1987–1990), her elder colleague was "widely respected for her excellent lectures and informative clinical bedside teachings", and "she recruited young graduates with promising potential and built the strongest department of medicine in Burma which produced hundreds and thousands of doctors meeting the international standard. These doctors are now not only serving Burma, but all over the world.” She is remembered as an inspirational and "towering figure" by her students, who affectionately called her "Mummy Gyi" ("elder mummy"), while Prof. Myint Myint Aye was known as "Mummy Lay" ("younger mummy".) Myint Myint Khin's description of herself was harsher: a demanding professor who could come across as "aggressive" and "abrasive".
373:
365:
545:, which calls attention to the menace of HIV/AIDS on the country. Frustrated by the dismissive attitude of the officials, and the low reported percentage of HIV infections in the country, she called for an expansion of general health education with "openness and transparency". To her, "the beginning of secrecy is the end of the truth." She followed up with books on topics such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease as well as her vision on the development of medicine in the country.
700:(Stafford 2014: 24) quoting a 1967 BMJ article says she was "the lone female professor of general medicine the three Burmese medical schools." While Stafford and the BMJ are technically correct, she was not the only female department head of at the medical schools then. Professor Khin Si was chair of the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Institute of Medicine 1, Rangoon from 1959 to 1976. Per (Tin Naing Toe 2011), the first female department chair in Burma was Dr.
472:
655:
603:
She also spoke out about women's rights. She bemoaned the "truly backward" state of women's rights under the military regimes, away from the traditional
Burmese culture. She wrote about the importance of general education, particularly literacy among women, for example to combat the HIV/AIDS crisis.
521:
It was during the years abroad that she began writing
English language poetry. In a 2013 interview, she said she began writing poetry "because I could not bear not to write them" as an outlet from her personal crises. Later, she was inspired to write more poetry after visiting Sri Lanka when she was
387:
in 1941. In a 2013 interview, she said that the war years were a time of "tremendous adversity" and "anguish" during which she lost her mother and brother, and her family lost their property. Her brother was killed by a bomb, and she had to go and retrieve her dead brother's body. Furthermore, the
488:
She retired abruptly after the death of her husband of 31 years on 7 December 1984. Still in mourning, she was greeted with more bad news less than three months later. Their only son Myint Zan, who had returned from Los
Angeles to see his dying father, was locked up in political detention without
593:
Myint Myint Khin maintained an active life until the last four months of her life. She also continued to voice her opinions strongly. According to Thane-Oke Kyaw Myint, a retired paediatrician and founder of the Alumni
Myanmar Institutes of Medicine Association (AMIMA), "she had openly written
309:
from 1985 to 1991. Her literary career began in 1996, spurred on by the HIV/AIDS crisis in the country. She published 11 books in
Burmese and two in English. At the time of her death, the former professor was collaborating on an English language book on the history of medical education in the
580:"Our womanhood has fallen so far behind. We were once admired by our sisters in the West because of our cultural liberty, and for the freedoms that did not exist in the West at the time. But in the current state, the position of Burmese women does not reflect our traditional culture...
631:, San Baw "pioneered the use of ivory hip prostheses to replace ununited fractures of the neck of the femur." Their only child Myint Zan is a former professor of law, who taught at universities in Malaysia, Australia, the South Pacific and the United States from 1989 to 2016.
615:, Yangon. Funded by the donations and free services of other physicians, many of whom were her former students, the center provided a place for elder physicians aged 70 and over, not all of whom were well off financially, to socialize as well as receive free medical checkups.
522:
struck by the country's natural beauty. She said that she kept her love for poetry a secret from everyone including her husband and son; she continued that given her no non-sense public persona, her students would have been surprised by her "sentimental and emotive" side.
611:, and once served as president of the Mandalay chapter, and twice on its board. In 2012, in association with the MMA and the Myint Myint Khin Foundation, she founded "Support Group for Elderly Doctors", which began operating a daycare center for elderly physicians in
594:
articles in the newspapers on what was wrong with educational systems in Burma, never hesitating to openly criticise the present and the past governments, a stand that very few of us could or dare to do so publicly". For example, in 2004, she gave an interview to
717:
without having received permission from the government, which subsequently revoked his passport. Unable to go anywhere else, he stayed in the US after law school, taking on menial jobs to survive as a stateless person before finally returning to see his dying
727:(Khin Thet Hta et al 2005: 513): Professor Dr. San Baw (29 June 1922 – 7 December 1984), son of Thaw Zan and Si Si, born in Tapun, Tharrawaddy. University of Rangoon (MBBS), University of Pennsylvania (MS). Chief orthopedic surgeon, Mandalay General Hospital.
527:"We have to recognize first that there is a problem and then figure out how to resolve it. You can’t deny the epidemic by saying that it is no way possible in Burmese or Asian culture, and it is coming from Western countries. This makes the problem worse."
691:(Stafford 2014: 24) names the medical school as the Institute of Medicine, Mandalay in 1960 but per (Khin Thet-Hta et al 2005: 12), the medical school was then the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Mandalay until 1964.
1308:
566:
It turned out to be her last published book. In all, between 1996 and 2013, she published 11 books in
Burmese and two in English. At her time of death, she was working on an English language book
1313:
1288:
403:
in 1943. After the war, she completed her original major, receiving a BA in
English literature in 1946, and then promptly continued her medical education at the just reopened
321:, a hip replacement pioneer, in 1984. Through her books and interviews, she advocated for more openness and transparency in the country, and spoke out about the regression of
600:, then an exile run media outlet, in which she, quoting Orwell, highlighted the general lack of openness and transparency in the country as the root of many of its problems.
436:, the medical school classmate she married in 1953 who received an MD and an MS in 1958, also from Penn Medicine. Meanwhile, she finished her training abroad by getting her
429:
391:
Yet it was also the war that got her into medicine. With all the colleges in the country shut down, she enrolled at the only university level school opened during the
583:...This is a military-made culture; this is not Burmese culture. It is an embarrassment for us. Patriarchy has succeeded in recent years. We are now truly backward."
678:
In (Kyu Kyu Swe 2009: 119), Myint Myint Khin wrote that she was one of the few students who enrolled at the wartime medical school "under the tutelage of
481:
She was widely respected by her colleagues and her students. According to Prof. Myint Myint Aye, the retired head of the
Department of Medicine at the
464:
since 1957. In 1965, she was promoted to be the head of the
Department of Medicine, becoming the first woman chair at the school. According to a 1967
424:
Though Myint Myint Khin got into medicine by happenstance, she excelled at it. After starting out as a staff physician (Civil
Assistant Surgeon) at
1303:
513:’s Southeast Asia regional office. She served for six years on the WHO panel of experts in health manpower development, before retiring in 1991.
991:
505:
Now "mired in a deep personal crisis", Myint Myint Khin left the country. She first took up a post as a visiting professor of medicine at the
978:
1258:
1248:
1131:
Szostakowski, Bartek; Jagiello, Jakub; Skinner, John A. (13 September 2017), "Ivory Hemiarthroplasty: The Forgotten Concept Lives On",
604:
She maintained that "The literacy rate among women influences a household’s health and even life style. You ought to invest in women."
276:
44:
682:
Ba Than". Per (Myint Swe 2014: 105–106), Drs. Ba Than, Sen, and Yin May were co-founders of the wartime medical and nursing schools.
570:
in collaboration with other physicians to tell the history of medical education in Myanmar from the colonial period to the present.
58:
1283:
1278:
441:
239:
713:(The Law Quadrangle 2018): According to Myint Zan, he became a persona non grata of the Burmese government after enrolling at the
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1114:
468:
article, she was the only female head of Department of Medicine in the country's three medical schools at the time.
437:
313:
Most of her books dealt with public health and medicine. One notable exception was her last published book in 2013,
243:
482:
475:
453:
404:
377:
302:
224:
506:
490:
1170:
317:, a collection of her English language poetry, which she began working on after the death of her husband Dr.
548:
It was only in 2013 that the then 89-year-old former English major published her first English poetry book
537:
At any rate, her first published book came amidst the HIV/AIDS crisis in Myanmar. (She had written for the
392:
322:
643:. She had been receiving treatment for heart and kidney failures during the past four months. She was 90.
608:
1106:
297:; 15 December 1923 – 19 June 2014) was a Burmese medical professor and writer. An English major at the
260:
541:, and developed handbooks and audio tapes as study aids for medical students.) In 1996, she published
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510:
461:
306:
737:
425:
1122:
538:
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1013:
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in 1938 to study English literature, and there she became "obsessed" by the works of poet
8:
457:
372:
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1049:
234:
134:
1221:
1158:
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loss of property caused "fears and insecurities in the aftermath of World War II".
293:
281:
219:
126:
1025:
704:, who was chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 1946 to 1959.
338:
736:
As seen in (Yan Pai 2014), her age at death is reported as 91 in Myanmar, using
552:. Her poetry often focused on her late husband. One such example is as follows:
993:
IWD 2019: "Always keep balance between peace and principle throughout our life"
659:
612:
1185:
1144:
1232:
1207:
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494:
342:
168:
138:
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509:. After a few months, she moved to New Delhi to become a consultant in the
384:
22:
1115:"Myint Myint Khin: Legendary Burmese doctor and teacher, and later a poet"
325:. In 2012, she founded a daycare center for elderly physicians in Yangon.
460:
in 1960, joining her husband who had been chief of orthopedic surgery at
1054:
The Japanese Era Rangoon General Hospital: Memoir of a Wartime Physician
345:. The oldest of three siblings, she grew up in the nearby delta town of
1171:"ခေတ်မီ ခွဲစိတ်သားဖွားစနစ်စတင်ကျင့်သုံးသူ သီရိပျံချီ ဒေါက်တာ ဒေါ်ရင်မေ"
1056:, translated by Zarny Tun (1st ed.), Yangon: Myanmar Book Centre,
471:
452:
Back in Burma, she was appointed Clinical Professor of Medicine at the
358:
251:
26:
497:, and given no contact with the outside world, including his mother.
228:
1309:
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania alumni
353:(Yangon) as a teenager. She was not yet 15 when she enrolled at the
346:
59:
Head of the Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Mandalay
627:
from 1953 to his death in 1984. As chief of orthopedic surgery at
588:
Myint Myint Khin in 2006 on the state of women's rights in Myanmar
701:
624:
433:
432:, and received an MD in 1955. She graduated ahead of her husband
400:
334:
318:
184:
172:
130:
640:
350:
164:
623:
Myint Myint Khin was married to her medical school classmate
159:
122:
1203:"Myint Myint Khin, Well-Known Doctor and Writer, Dead at 91"
1183:
1173:[First Obstetrician Thiri Pyanchi Dr. Daw Yin May],
1024:
Khin Thet Hta; Khin Khin Win; Htay Htay Aye; Mya Tu (2005),
1130:
408:
532:
Myint Myint Khin in 2004 on the HIV/AIDS crisis in Myanmar
493:. He was placed in solitary confinement in the notorious
301:, she was the chair of the Department of Medicine of the
383:
However, her studies were interrupted by the arrival of
1314:
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
1289:
Academic staff of the National University of Malaysia
1081:
1044:, University of Medicine, Mandalay Alumni Association
305:
from 1965 to 1984, and served as a consultant at the
368:
Abandoned University of Rangoon during World War II
1217:"Not paved with flowers: Turning loss into poetry"
376:Faculty of Medicine of University of Rangoon; now
333:Myint Myint Khin was born on 15 December 1923 in
1230:
1011:
1214:
979:"Paying It Forward After Paying A Steep Price"
1168:
1095:
1038:To Keep Alive Forever, Our Cherished Memories
1000:
395:: the wartime medical school founded by Drs.
1102:Penn Medicine's Global Reach to the Far East
989:
1034:
1027:Who's who in Health and Medicine in Myanmar
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
328:
1133:Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
1082:Myo Lwin; Lun Min Maung (18 August 2014),
556:But close to my heart is a treasure trove,
225:Faculty of Medicine, University of Rangoon
1152:
1069:
1048:
862:
860:
858:
848:
846:
639:Myint Myint Khin died on 19 June 2014 in
430:University of Pennsylvania medical school
1112:
1072:"Remembering a Myanmar Surgical Pioneer"
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442:Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
371:
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240:Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
1304:University of Medicine 1, Yangon alumni
1200:
958:
910:
894:
892:
890:
869:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
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568:A History of Medical Education in Burma
199: 1953; died 1984)
18:Burmese physician, educator, and writer
1231:
1187:Former Heads of Department of Medicine
949:
855:
843:
428:in 1950, she did her residency at the
924:
922:
884:UMM Former Heads of Dept. of Medicine
878:
815:
292:
887:
808:
806:
804:
802:
753:
901:
13:
1259:21st-century Burmese women writers
1249:20th-century Burmese women writers
1184:University of Medicine, Mandalay,
976:
919:
516:
14:
1325:
1169:Tin Naing Toe (30 October 2011),
1113:Stafford, Ned (25 October 2014),
1012:Khin Mar Mar Kyi (24 June 2014),
799:
715:University of Michigan Law School
447:
414:
1215:Zon Pann Pwint (18 March 2013),
653:
618:
560:Happiness shared, joys that glow
500:
476:University of Medicine, Mandalay
378:University of Medicine 1, Yangon
1284:20th-century Burmese physicians
1279:21st-century Burmese physicians
1001:The Irrawaddy (December 2004),
970:
955:Myo Lwin and Lun Min Maung 2014
740:—i.e. she was in her 91st year.
730:
721:
707:
694:
507:National University of Malaysia
483:Institute of Medicine, Mandalay
303:Institute of Medicine, Mandalay
196:
685:
672:
543:The Bells Tolling for Everyone
419:
1:
1294:People from Ayeyarwady Region
1274:21st-century women physicians
1269:20th-century women physicians
1070:Myint Zan (7 December 2019),
1050:Myint Swe, Wunna Kyawhtin Dr.
1035:Kyu Kyu Swe, Dr. Daw (2009),
1030:, Ministry of Health, Myanmar
996:, Royal College of Physicians
990:Aye Aye Chit (6 March 2019),
875:Szostakowski et al 2017: 2851
866:Khin Thet-Hta et al 2005: 513
747:
349:(Hinthada), before moving to
1264:21st-century Burmese writers
1254:20th-century Burmese writers
562:And tenderness, I only know
294:[mjɪ̰ɰ̃mjɪ̰ɰ̃kʰɪ̀ɰ̃]
233:University of Pennsylvania (
7:
1299:University of Yangon alumni
1139:(12), Springer: 2850–2854,
646:
609:Myanmar Medical Association
573:
10:
1330:
1107:University of Pennsylvania
261:University of Pennsylvania
33:. There is no family name.
20:
1145:10.1007/s11999-017-5497-0
977:AS (Spring–Summer 2018),
629:Mandalay General Hospital
511:World Health Organization
462:Mandalay General Hospital
323:women's rights in Myanmar
307:World Health Organization
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144:
104:
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56:
52:
38:
1201:Yan Pai (20 June 2014),
1084:"Caring for the careers"
1004:Prof Dr Myint Myint Khin
985:, University of Michigan
665:
634:
607:She was a member of the
489:charge and trial by the
426:Rangoon General Hospital
329:Early life and education
158:Thursday, 7th waning of
121:Saturday, 8th waxing of
1123:British Medical Journal
1014:"We Called Her 'Mummy'"
928:The Law Quadrangle 2018
558:To draw upon if I chose
539:Myanmar Medical Journal
218:University of Rangoon (
585:
529:
478:
380:
369:
916:Kyu Kyu Swe 2009: 119
898:Khin Mar Mar Kyi 2014
738:Burmese age reckoning
578:
525:
474:
407:, graduating with an
375:
367:
355:University of Rangoon
299:University of Rangoon
257:University of Rangoon
840:Zon Pann Pwint 2013
458:Mandalay University
454:Faculty of Medicine
405:Faculty of Medicine
393:Japanese occupation
983:The Law Quadrangle
852:Penn Medicine 2015
660:Myanmar portal
479:
381:
370:
337:(Pathein), in the
135:Irrawaddy Division
1222:The Myanmar Times
1089:The Myanmar Times
1063:978-99971-852-9-7
907:Aye Aye Chit 2019
796:Stafford 2014: 24
270:
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119:15 December 1923
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273:Myint Myint Khin
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109:Myint Myint Khin
100:Personal details
88:
78:
69:
47:
40:Myint Myint Khin
36:
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31:Myint Myint Khin
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1007:, The Irrawaddy
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517:Literary career
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491:BSPP government
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339:Irrawaddy delta
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156:(aged 90)
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1099:(4 May 2015),
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964:Myint Zan 2019
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946:Irrawaddy 2004
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613:Tamwe Township
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448:Mandalay years
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1208:The Irrawaddy
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1199:
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1176:Weekly Eleven
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1097:Penn Medicine
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1080:
1077:
1076:The Irrawaddy
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1018:The Irrawaddy
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1179:(in Burmese)
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148:19 June 2014
87:Succeeded by
66:
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23:Burmese name
15:
1244:2014 deaths
1239:1923 births
420:Early years
133:(Pathein),
77:Preceded by
1233:Categories
748:References
359:John Donne
290:pronounced
252:Alma mater
152:2014-06-20
115:1923-12-15
81:P.R. Mohan
27:given name
1193:22 August
680:Sayagyi U
440:from the
411:in 1950.
310:country.
215:Education
210:Myint Zan
71:1965–1984
67:In office
1163:28905301
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647:See also
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207:Children
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1154:5670068
718:father.
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625:San Baw
434:San Baw
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397:Ba Than
351:Rangoon
347:Henzada
335:Bassein
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173:Myanmar
162:1376 ME
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179:Spouse
165:Yangon
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1118:(PDF)
1042:(PDF)
666:Notes
635:Death
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160:Nayon
125:1285
123:Nadaw
1195:2020
1159:PMID
1058:ISBN
438:FRCP
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145:Died
105:Born
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1149:PMC
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