99:
regarding hiring, firing, and other personnel decisions over an orchestra's musicians. Such authoritarian rule, once expected and even thought necessary for a symphonic ensemble to function properly, has loosened somewhat in the closing decades of the 20th century with the advent and encouragement of more power sharing and cooperative management styles (with the orchestra musicians themselves, the administrative staff, and volunteer board of directors). The music director in
American lingo also assists with fund-raising, and also is the primary focus of publicity for the orchestra, as what is often called its "public face".
210:
883:
648:
254:
impossible or impractical to reproduce on stage, and it is the music director's job to assemble musicians and arrangements to adapt that material to a live setting (which may or may not include playback of prerecorded tracks). The music director generally leads rehearsals as well as each performance, allowing the lead artist to focus on performing.
152:, the term "music director" is commonly used for the composer and music producer of the songs and score used in the film. Their roles also entail arranging, mastering, mixing and supervising recording of film music with conducting and orchestration. Usually, another artist will receive the credit for the lyrics of the songs.
54:, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution (but not usually the head of the academic music department), the head
98:
In the 20th century, the title and position typically brought with it an almost unlimited influence over the particular orchestra's affairs. As implied by the name, the music director not only conducts concerts, but also controls what music the orchestra will perform or record, and has much authority
102:
The term "music director" or "musical director" became common in the United States in the middle of the 20th century, following an evolution of titles. Early leaders of orchestras were simply designated as the "conductor." In the 1920s and 1930s, the term musical director began to be used, in order
253:
In pop music, a musical director or "MD" is responsible for supervising the musical arrangements and personnel for a touring artist. This can include festivals and televised performances as well as those at traditional on-stage venues. In the modern era, the sound of a studio recording is often
86:
and artistic leader of the orchestra. The term "music director" is most common for orchestras in the United States. With
European orchestras, the titles of "principal conductor" or "chief conductor" are more common, which designate the conductor who directs the majority of a given orchestra's
95:, the music director is in charge of the overall musical performance, including ensuring that the cast knows the music thoroughly, supervising the musical interpretation of the performers and pit orchestra, and conducting the orchestra.
168:
musical often serves as rehearsal pianist and conductor. This music director is often also the vocal coach, may also be involved in arranging material for new works, or collaborate on underscoring. There was a
103:
to delineate the fact that the person in this position was doing much more than just conducting, and to differentiate them from guest conductors who simply led one particular program or concert.
185:
is responsible for interacting with record company representatives, auditioning new music, offering commentary, and making decisions (sometimes in conjunction with the
126:
Alternatively, the term "music director" used to appear in the film credits for a professional hired to supervise and direct the music selected for a film or music
115:, was given the title "music director." Other major American orchestras kept more current with the times and began using the simpler term in the 1950s and 1960s.
170:
316:
is a title given by larger towns to a person typically responsible for a symphony orchestra and the opera. The first person with this title was
389:
935:
553:
886:
579:
684:
197:
usually volunteer only a few hours each per week, and most stations have a diverse and extensive library of several different
609:
513:
67:
718:
42:
is the person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the
930:
652:
369:
238:
173:
beginning in 1948, but it was discontinued in 1964 in part due to the fluid responsibilities of musical directors.
920:
17:
671:
925:
915:
329:
530:
411:
295:
905:
711:
397:
234:
143:
807:
282:) was originally the title of the person responsible for music in a town in Germany and Austria.
291:
283:
479:
451:
429:
118:
The term can also refer to the person who directs a school band or heads the music program.
820:
688:
626:
230:
226:
870:
8:
704:
108:
390:"musical director – Definition of musical director in US English by Oxford Dictionaries"
910:
838:
762:
665:
456:
79:
672:
605:
509:
43:
865:
853:
848:
784:
321:
317:
214:
186:
165:
161:
131:
127:
70:(the title given to a director of music at a cathedral, particularly in England).
834:
789:
303:
88:
271:(GMD, general music director) is a German title for the artistic director of an
111:
in 1946, and his position was so named until his death in 1970. His successor,
233:, always a musician commissioned from the ranks, who leads a military band. A
209:
899:
829:
774:
752:
364:
190:
182:
307:
825:
696:
631:
149:
112:
104:
51:
447:
198:
63:
802:
757:
747:
742:
727:
340:
242:
83:
55:
344:
272:
47:
412:"Music director definition and meaning – Collins English Dictionary"
78:
The title of "music director" or "musical director" is used by many
843:
676:
59:
554:"Miley Cyrus' Music Director Talks Bangerz Tour Behind-the-Scenes"
779:
299:
287:
194:
647:
355:
companies and other ensembles may also have musical directors.
218:
858:
352:
348:
92:
107:, for instance, was appointed as "musical director" of the
27:
Person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance
189:) as to which songs get airplay, how much and when. In
604:
506:
Music
Direction for the Stage: A View from the Podium
580:"How to find work as a drummer and musical director"
577:
160:
The "music director" for a theatrical production or
897:
193:, there may be more than one music director, as
477:
712:
171:Tony Award category for Best Musical Director
726:
551:
264:
480:"Philharmonic to Add a Position at the Top"
446:
213:Major Tim Cooper, Director of Music of The
148:In India, where many films are produced as
130:, but today the more common designation is
882:
719:
705:
528:
887:List of principal conductors by orchestra
155:
578:Chamberlain, Richard (21 January 2014).
531:"What Exactly Does A Music Director Do?"
208:
14:
898:
594:
503:
257:
700:
452:"Celebrating Undefinable Songwriting"
68:organist and master of the choristers
144:Music of Bollywood § Production
121:
24:
936:Education and training occupations
46:and usually chief conductor of an
25:
947:
640:
478:Daniel J. Wakin (25 April 2007).
881:
646:
370:Category:Music directors (opera)
615:
176:
571:
545:
522:
497:
471:
440:
430:"Definition of Music Director"
422:
404:
382:
13:
1:
394:Oxford Dictionaries – English
375:
335:
332:in Berlin from 1992 to 2023.
241:who leads a band is called a
58:of a military band, the head
275:, an institution or a town.
248:
73:
7:
683:Dirk Kruse, Thomas Schulz:
630:, p. 7134; Vol. 3, p. 177)
552:Payne, Chris (8 May 2014).
529:Dias, Mike (22 July 2013).
508:. Oxford University Press.
358:
330:Staatsoper Unter den Linden
229:, a director of music is a
204:
10:
952:
141:
879:
816:
798:
738:
416:www.collinsdictionary.com
296:Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach
278:A music director (Latin:
87:concerts in a season. In
82:to designate the primary
931:Broadcasting occupations
685:Der Generalmusikdirektor
298:were music directors in
235:non-commissioned officer
137:
808:Conductorless orchestra
504:Church, Joseph (2015).
434:www.merriam-webster.com
921:Positions of authority
306:was music director in
292:Georg Philipp Telemann
286:was music director in
265:
222:
181:A music director of a
156:Theatrical productions
670:Josef Müller-Marein:
284:Johann Sebastian Bach
212:
142:Further information:
926:Occupations in music
689:Bayerischer Rundfunk
660:Generalmusikdirektor
655:at Wikimedia Commons
627:Riemann Musiklexikon
602:Orchestermanagement.
400:on January 21, 2019.
326:Generalmusikdirektor
314:Generalmusikdirektor
266:Generalmusikdirektor
231:commissioned officer
227:British Armed Forces
666:Orchestermanagement
320:in Berlin in 1819.
258:Germany and Austria
109:Cleveland Orchestra
80:symphony orchestras
66:of a church, or an
916:Artistic directors
680:, 21 November 2012
484:The New York Times
457:The New York Times
223:
893:
892:
651:Media related to
610:978-3-531-16584-4
515:978-0-19-999341-3
44:artistic director
40:director of music
16:(Redirected from
943:
885:
884:
871:Women conductors
866:Black conductors
721:
714:
707:
698:
697:
650:
634:
619:
613:
600:Gerald Mertens:
598:
592:
591:
589:
587:
575:
569:
568:
566:
564:
549:
543:
542:
540:
538:
526:
520:
519:
501:
495:
494:
492:
490:
475:
469:
468:
466:
464:
444:
438:
437:
426:
420:
419:
408:
402:
401:
396:. Archived from
386:
322:Daniel Barenboim
318:Gaspare Spontini
280:director musices
268:
217:mounted band in
215:Blues and Royals
187:program director
132:music supervisor
122:Film and theatre
36:musical director
21:
951:
950:
946:
945:
944:
942:
941:
940:
906:Music directors
896:
895:
894:
889:
875:
812:
794:
734:
725:
653:Music directors
643:
638:
637:
620:
616:
599:
595:
585:
583:
576:
572:
562:
560:
550:
546:
536:
534:
527:
523:
516:
502:
498:
488:
486:
476:
472:
462:
460:
450:(19 May 2008).
445:
441:
428:
427:
423:
410:
409:
405:
388:
387:
383:
378:
361:
338:
304:Robert Schumann
260:
251:
239:warrant officer
207:
179:
158:
146:
140:
124:
89:musical theatre
76:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
949:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
891:
890:
880:
877:
876:
874:
873:
868:
862:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
832:
823:
817:
814:
813:
811:
810:
805:
799:
796:
795:
793:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
766:
765:
755:
750:
745:
739:
736:
735:
724:
723:
716:
709:
701:
695:
694:
693:
692:
691:, 1 April 2016
681:
668:
656:
642:
641:External links
639:
636:
635:
624:in: Brockhaus
614:
593:
570:
544:
521:
514:
496:
470:
439:
421:
403:
380:
379:
377:
374:
373:
372:
367:
360:
357:
337:
334:
259:
256:
250:
247:
206:
203:
178:
175:
157:
154:
139:
136:
123:
120:
75:
72:
32:music director
26:
18:Music Director
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
948:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
903:
901:
888:
878:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
836:
833:
831:
827:
824:
822:
819:
818:
815:
809:
806:
804:
801:
800:
797:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
775:Kapellmeister
773:
771:
768:
764:
761:
760:
759:
756:
754:
753:Concertmaster
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
737:
733:
729:
722:
717:
715:
710:
708:
703:
702:
699:
690:
686:
682:
679:
678:
673:
669:
667:
664:
663:
661:
657:
654:
649:
645:
644:
633:
629:
628:
623:
622:Musikdirektor
618:
611:
607:
603:
597:
582:. Music Radar
581:
574:
559:
555:
548:
532:
525:
517:
511:
507:
500:
485:
481:
474:
459:
458:
453:
449:
443:
435:
431:
425:
417:
413:
407:
399:
395:
391:
385:
381:
371:
368:
366:
365:Kapellmeister
363:
362:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
333:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
269:
267:
255:
246:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
220:
216:
211:
202:
200:
196:
192:
191:college radio
188:
184:
183:radio station
174:
172:
167:
163:
153:
151:
145:
135:
133:
129:
119:
116:
114:
110:
106:
100:
96:
94:
90:
85:
81:
71:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
837: /
828: /
821:Articulation
769:
731:
675:
659:
625:
621:
617:
601:
596:
584:. Retrieved
573:
561:. Retrieved
557:
547:
535:. Retrieved
524:
505:
499:
487:. Retrieved
483:
473:
461:. Retrieved
455:
442:
433:
424:
415:
406:
398:the original
393:
384:
339:
325:
313:
312:
279:
277:
263:
262:
261:
252:
224:
199:music genres
180:
177:Broadcasting
159:
147:
125:
117:
113:Lorin Maazel
105:George Szell
101:
97:
77:
52:concert band
39:
35:
31:
29:
586:27 February
563:27 February
537:27 February
448:Ben Ratliff
341:Brass bands
128:documentary
64:choirmaster
900:Categories
839:Resolution
803:Cheironomy
790:Répétiteur
748:Bandmaster
743:Bandleader
728:Conducting
376:References
345:wind bands
336:Other uses
308:Düsseldorf
294:and later
243:bandmaster
56:bandmaster
911:Directors
758:Conductor
732:directing
612:, p. 132.
558:Billboard
324:has been
273:orchestra
249:Pop music
84:conductor
74:Orchestra
48:orchestra
854:Phrasing
849:Dynamics
785:Prompter
770:Director
677:Die Zeit
533:. Inside
489:28 April
463:8 August
359:See also
205:Military
195:students
166:West End
162:Broadway
150:musicals
60:organist
835:Cadence
780:Maestro
328:of the
300:Hamburg
288:Leipzig
225:In the
632:Schott
608:
512:
349:choirs
219:London
859:Tempo
830:Meter
763:baton
353:opera
138:India
93:opera
826:Beat
730:and
658:For
606:ISBN
588:2018
565:2018
539:2018
510:ISBN
491:2008
465:2012
91:and
62:and
844:Cue
237:or
164:or
50:or
38:or
902::
687:,
674:,
662::
556:.
482:.
454:.
432:.
414:.
392:.
351:,
347:,
343:,
310:.
302:,
290:,
245:.
201:.
134:.
34:,
30:A
720:e
713:t
706:v
590:.
567:.
541:.
518:.
493:.
467:.
436:.
418:.
221:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
